EN 61331-1:2014

Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation - Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials

IEC 61331:2014 applies to materials in sheet form used for the manufacturing of protective devices against X-radiation of radiation qualities generated with X-ray tube voltages up to 400 kV and gamma radiation emitted by radionuclides with photon energies up to 1,3 MeV. This Part 1 is not intended to be applied to protective devices when these are to be checked for the presence of their attenuation properties before and after periods of use. This Part 1 specifies the methods of determining and indicating the attenuation properties of the materials. The attenuation properties are given in terms of: - attenuation ratio; - build-up factor; and - attenuation equivalent together with, as appropriate, an indication of homogeneity and mass per unit area. Ways of stating values of attenuation properties in compliance with this part of the International Standard are included. Excluded from the scope of this International Standard are the methods for periodical checks of protective devices, particularly of protective clothing, the methods of determining attenuation by layers in the radiation beam, and the methods of determining attenuation for purposes of protection against ionizing radiation provided by walls and other parts of an installation. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 61331-1, published in 1994. It constitutes a technical revision. This second edition has been adapted to apply to the present technology. In particular, this second edition is consistently applicable to lead- and non-lead-containing materials. The essential changes and extensions are: - the extension of the scope to cover photon-emitting radionuclides; - improved methods to determine the attenuation ratio; - the addition of the so-called inverse broad beam condition; - the addition of a method to calculate the attenuation ratio of photon-emitting radionuclides; - the definition of new standard X- and gamma radiation qualities used for testing; - the addition of the so-called lead equivalent class; and - tables of attenuation ratios, build-up factors and first half-value layers for the standard radiation qualities filtered with different thicknesses of lead.

Strahlenschutz in der medizinischen Röntgendiagnostik - Teil 1: Bestimmung von Schwächungseigenschaften von Materialien

Dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les rayonnements X pour diagnostic médical - Partie 1: Détermination des propriétés d'atténuation des matériaux

L'IEC 61331:2014 s'applique aux matériaux en plaques utilisés pour la fabrication des dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les rayonnements X dont les qualités de rayonnement sont celles générées avec des hautes tensions radiogènes allant jusqu'à 400 kV et les rayonnements gamma émis par des radionucléides ayant une énergie photonique égale au plus à 1,3 MeV. La présente Partie 1 n'est pas prévue pour être appliquée aux dispositifs de protection radiologique lorsqu'il doit être procédé à la vérification de leurs propriétés d'atténuation avant et après les périodes d'utilisation. La présente Partie 1 spécifie les méthodes de détermination et d'indication des propriétés d'atténuation des matériaux. Les propriétés d'atténuation sont indiquées dans les termes suivants: - indice d'atténuation; - facteur d'accumulation; et - équivalent d'atténuation, avec, selon le cas, une indication d'homogénéité et de masse surfacique. Les manières d'énoncer les valeurs des propriétés d'atténuation en conformité avec la présente partie de la Norme internationale sont incluses. Les méthodes suivantes sont exclues du domaine d'application de la présente Norme internationale: - les méthodes relatives aux vérifications périodiques des dispositifs de protection radiologique, en particulier des vêtements de protection radiologique; - les méthodes de détermination de l'atténuation procurée par les couches dans le faisceau de rayonnement, et les méthodes de détermination de l'atténuation à des fins de protection contre les rayonnements ionisants procurée par les murs et autres parties structurelles d'une installation.

Sredstva za zaščito pred rentgenskim sevanjem pri medicinski diagnostiki - 1. del: Ugotavljanje slabilnih lastnosti materialov (IEC 61331-1:2014)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 23-Oct-2014
• Withdrawal Date: 10-Jun-2017
• ICS: 11.040.50 - Radiographic equipment
• Technical Committee: CLC/TC 62 - Electrical equipment in medical practice
• Drafting Committee: IEC/SC 62B - IEC_SC_62B
• Current Stage: 6060 - Document made available - Publishing
• Start Date: 24-Oct-2014
• Completion Date: 24-Oct-2014
• Ref Project: SIST EN 61331-1:2014 - Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation - Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials

Relations

• Replaces: EN 61331-1:2002 - Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation - Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2014
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SIST EN 61331-1:2002
6UHGVWYD]D]DãþLWRSUHGUHQWJHQVNLPVHYDQMHPSULPHGLFLQVNLGLDJQRVWLNLGHO
8JRWDYOMDQMHVODELOQLKODVWQRVWLPDWHULDORY,(&
Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation - Part 1: Determination of
attenuation properties of materials
Dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les rayonnements X pour diagnostic médical
- Partie 1: Détermination des propriétés d'atténuation des matériaux
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61331-1:2014
ICS:
11.040.50 Radiografska oprema Radiographic equipment
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61331-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2014
ICS 11.040.50 Supersedes EN 61331-1:2002
English Version
Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation - Part
1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials
(IEC 61331-1:2014)
Dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les Strahlenschutz in der medizinischen Röntgendiagnostik -
rayonnements X pour diagnostic médical - Partie 1: Teil 1: Bestimmung von Schwächungseigenschaften von
Détermination des propriétés d'atténuation des matériaux Materialien
(CEI 61331-1:2014) (IEC 61331-1:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-06-11. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.

European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN 61331-1:2014 E
Foreword
The text of document 62B/936/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61331-1, prepared by SC 62B, "Diagnostic
imaging equipment", of IEC TC 62, "Electrical equipment in medical practice " was submitted to the IEC-
CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61331-1:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2015-04-24
• latest date by which the document has
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national (dow) 2017-06-11
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn
This document supersedes EN 61331-1:2002.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61331-1:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
IEC 61331-3 NOTE Harmonised as EN 61331-3.

- 3 - EN 61331-1:2014
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD

applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60601-1 2005 Medical electrical equipment -- Part 1: EN 60601-1 2006
General requirements for basic safety and
essential performance
+EN 60601- 2010
1:2006/corrigendum
Mar. 2010
+AC 2014
+A11 2011
+A1 2012  +A1 2013
IEC 60601-1-3 2008 Medical electrical equipment -- Part 1-3: EN 60601-1-3 2008
General requirements for basic safety and
essential performance - Collateral Standard:
Radiation protection in diagnostic X-ray
equipment
+EN 60601-1- 2010
3:2008/corrigendum
Mar. 2010
+A1 2013  +A1 2013
+AC 2014
IEC/TR 60788 2004 Medical electrical equipment - Glossary of - -
defined terms
IEC 61331-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2014-05
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Protective devices against diagnostic medical X-radiation –

Part 1: Determination of attenuation properties of materials

Dispositifs de protection radiologique contre les rayonnements X pour

diagnostic médical –
Partie 1: Détermination des propriétés d’atténuation des matériaux

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX T
ICS 11.040.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-1562-3

– 2 – IEC 61331-1:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Methods to determine the ATTENUATION RATIO . 7
4.1 General . 7
4.2 NARROW BEAM CONDITION . 7
4.2.1 General description . 7
4.2.2 AIR KERMA RATE measurements . 7
4.2.3 RADIATION QUALITIES and RADIATION DETECTOR . 8
4.2.4 Signal to noise condition . 9
4.2.5 ATTENUATION RATIO evaluation. 10
4.3 BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 10
4.3.1 General description . 10
4.3.2 AIR KERMA RATE measurements . 10
4.3.3 RADIATION QUALITIES and RADIATION DETECTOR . 10
4.3.4 Signal to noise condition . 11
4.3.5 ATTENUATION RATIO evaluation . 12
4.4 Inverse BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 12
4.4.1 General description . 12
4.4.2 AIR KERMA RATE measurements . 12
4.4.3 RADIATION QUALITIES and RADIATION DETECTOR . 13
4.4.4 Signal to noise condition . 14
4.4.5 ATTENUATION RATIO evaluation . 14
4.5 Calculation of the ATTENUATION RATIO for photon-emitting radionuclides . 14
4.5.1 Equation . 14
4.5.2 Decay data . 14
4.5.3 Mass ATTENUATION and mass energy-absorption coefficients . 14
4.5.4 Verification of the mass- ATTENUATION COEFFICIENTS of the test
material . 15
5 Determination of ATTENUATION properties . 16
5.1 ATTENUATION RATIO . 16
5.1.1 Determination . 16
5.1.2 Indication . 16
5.2 BUILD-UP FACTOR . 16
5.2.1 Determination . 16
5.2.2 Indication . 16
5.3 ATTENUATION EQUIVALENT . 16
5.3.1 Determination . 16
5.3.2 Indication . 17
5.4 LEAD EQUIVALENT . 17
5.4.1 Determination . 17
5.4.2 Indication . 17
5.5 LEAD EQUIVALENT class for a SPECIFIED range of RADIATION QUALITIES . 17
5.5.1 Materials. 17
5.5.2 Standard thicknesses . 17

IEC 61331-1:2014 © IEC 2014 – 3 –
5.5.3 Conditions for assignment to a LEAD EQUIVALENT class . 17
5.5.4 Indication . 18
5.6 Homogeneity . 18
5.6.1 Determination . 18
5.6.2 Indication . 18
6 Statement of compliance . 18
Annex A (informative) Tables of ATTENUATION RATIOS, BUILD-UP FACTORS and first HALF-
VALUE LAYERS . 19
Bibliography . 24
Index of defined terms used in this International Standard . 25

Figure 1 – NARROW BEAM CONDITION . 9
Figure 2 – BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 11
Figure 3 – Inverse BROAD BEAM CONDITION . 13

Table 1 – Standard RADIATION QUALITIES for X-RAY BEAMS . 15
Table 2 – Standard gamma RADIATION QUALITIES according to ISO 4037-1 . 16
Table A.1 – ATTENUATION RATIOS F of lead thicknesses from 0,125 mm to 2 mm
N
calculated for RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 according to the formula given in 4.5.4. 20
Table A.2 – BUILD-UP FACTOR B measured for RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 according
to the formula given in 5.2.1 for lead thicknesses 0,25 mm, 0,35 mm and 0,50 mm . 21
Table A.3 – ATTENUATION RATIOS F of lead thicknesses from 0,125 mm to 7 mm
N
calculated for RADIATION QUALITIES of Tables 1 and 2 according to the formula given in
4.5.4 . 21
Table A.4 – First HALF-VALUE LAYERS in mm Al of RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 as a
function of additional lead filters of different thicknesses in the range from 0,125 mm
to 2 mm . 22
Table A.5 – First HALF-VALUE LAYERS in mm Cu of RADIATION QUALITIES of Table 1 as a
function of additional lead filters of different thicknesses in the range from 0,125 mm
to 4 mm .
...