IEC 60598-1:2024

Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests

IEC 60598-1:2024 specifies general safety requirements for luminaires, incorporating electric light sources for operation from supply voltages up to 1 000 V. Requirements for semi-luminaires are included in this document.
This tenth edition cancels and replaces the ninth edition published in 2020. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) new structure to comply with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2;
b) addition of a new Annex V for comparison with the previous edition;
c) revision of 7.32 for SPDs and for SPCs;
d) the terms "live part" and "active part" were reviewed and aligned with the definitions of "live part" and "hazardous live part" given in IEC 60050-195;
e) revision of 7.14.2 for conductor mechanical stress;
f) revision of 14.5.2, Item 4 to include controlgear;
g) revision of 9.2.1 (Earthing) with the deletion of the word "permanently";
h) revision of Annex N: earth continuity test time;
i) revision of 7.11.4; 7.14.1; Table 22 (14.4.3): Introduction of requirements for suspension by magnets;
j) addition of a new Annex W for luminaires using batteries;
k) clarification of Clause 6 for marking requirements for nature of supply;
l) addition of a new Subclause 7.31.5: Additional requirements for luminaires using controllable controlgear providing SELV output(s);
m) revision of 6.4.16: Information to be provided for luminaire having protective earth current > 10 mA;
n) revision of 6.3.23; 6.4.18; 6.4.24; 7.30 and 10.2.1 for serviceable, non-user serviceable and non-serviceable components;
o) revision of Annex D: Draught-proof enclosure;
p) revision of 8.2.1 and 13.2.1: Inconsistencies in the inclusion of the limits of voltage ranges;
q) revision of 9.2.10 for looping-in;
r) Revision of Clause 2 and 7.8: update of the reference to IEC 61058-1-1, IEC 61058-1-2 and IEC 61058­2­1. Update of temperature limits in Table 21 (14.4.3) for luminaires incorporating switches according to IEC 60669-1 or IEC 60669-2-1;
s) revision of 6.3.22 and 7.24 for photobiological safety;
t) addition of a new Subclause 6.3.27 for marking of mains socket outlet moved from information requirements.

Luminaires - Partie 1: Exigences générales et essais

L'IEC 60598-1:2024 spécifie les exigences de sécurité générales pour les luminaires qui incorporent des sources de lumière électriques destinées à fonctionner avec des tensions d'alimentation jusqu'à 1 000 V. Les exigences relatives aux semi-luminaires sont incluses dans le présent document.
Cette dixième édition annule et remplace la neuvième édition parue en 2020. Cette édition constitue une révision technique.
Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) nouvelle structure conforme aux Directives ISO/IEC, Partie 2;
b) ajout d'une nouvelle Annexe V pour comparaison à l'édition précédente;
c) révision du 7.32 pour SPD et pour SPC;
d) examen et alignement des termes "partie sous-tension" et "partie active" sur les définitions des termes "parties actives" et "parties actives dangereuses" données dans l'IEC 60050‑195;
e) révision du 7.14.2 pour la contrainte mécanique des conducteurs;
f) révision du 14.5.2, Point 4 pour inclure l'appareillage de commande;
g) révision du 9.2.1 (Mise à la terre) avec suppression de l'expression "de manière permanente";
h) révision de l'Annexe N: temps d'essai de continuité de la terre;
i) révision du 7.11.4, du 7.14.1 et du Tableau 22 (14.4.3): introduction d'exigences relatives à la suspension par des aimants;
j) ajout d'une nouvelle Annexe W pour les luminaires qui utilisent des batteries;
k) clarification de l'6 pour les exigences de marquage du type d'alimentation;
l) ajout d'un nouveau 7.31.5: exigences supplémentaires pour les luminaires qui utilisent des appareillages commandables qui fournissent une ou plusieurs sorties TBTS;
m) révision du 6.4.16: informations à fournir pour un luminaire qui a un courant de terre de protection > 10 mA;
n) révision du 6.3.23, du 6.4.18, du 6.4.24, du 7.30 et du 10.2.1 pour les composants remplaçables, non remplaçable par l'utilisateur final et non remplaçables;
o) révision du Annexe D: enceinte à air calme;
p) révision du 8.2.1 et du 13.2.1: incohérences dans l'inclusion des limites des plages de tensions;
q) révision du 9.2.10 pour le repiquage;
r) révision de l'Article 2 et du 7.8: mise à jour de la référence à l'IEC 61058-1-1, à l'IEC 61058‑1-2 et à l'IEC 61058­2­1. Mise à jour des limites de température du Tableau 21 (14.4.3) pour les luminaires qui comportent des interrupteurs conformément à l'IEC 60669‑1 ou à l'IEC 60669-2-1;
s) révision du 6.3.22 et du 7.24 pour la sécurité photobiologique;
t) ajout d'un nouveau 6.3.27 pour le marquage des socles de prise de courant réseau, déplacé des exigences relatives aux informations.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Nov-2024
• ICS: 29.140.40 - Luminaires
• Technical Committee: SC 34D - Luminaires
• Drafting Committee: WG 1 - TC 34/SC 34D/WG 1
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 06-Nov-2024
• Completion Date: 15-Nov-2024

Relations

• Revises: IEC 60598-1:2020/ISH1:2023 - Interpretation Sheet 1 - Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revises: IEC 60598-1:2020 - Luminaires - Part 1: General requirements and tests
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60598-1 ®
Edition 10.0 2024-11
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Luminaires –
Part 1: General requirements and tests

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IEC 60598-1 ®
Edition 10.0 2024-11
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Luminaires –
Part 1: General requirements and tests
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.140.40 ISBN 978-2-8327-0020-4

– 2 – IEC 60598-1:2024 RLV © IEC 2024
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 12
SECTION 0: INTRODUCTION . 15
1 Scope . 16
2 Normative references . 17
3 SECTION 1:Terms and definitions . 21
4 General requirements . 47
4.1 General . 47
4.2 General test requirements and verification . 47
4.3 Components of luminaires . 49
4.4 Information for luminaire design in light sources and controlgear standards . 50
5 SECTION 2: Classification of luminaires . 50
5.1 General . 50
5.2 Classification according to the type of protection against electric shock . 50
5.3 Classification according to the degree of protection against ingress of dust,
solid objects and moisture . 51
5.4 Classification according to the material of the mounting surface for which the
luminaire is designed . 51
5.5 Classification according to the circumstances of use . 51
6 SECTION 3: Marking . 51
6.1 General . 51
6.2 Marking on luminaires . 51
6.3 Information to be marked on luminaires . 53
6.4 Additional information . 62
6.5 Test of marking . 68
7 SECTION 4: Construction . 68
7.1 General . 68
7.2 Replaceable components . 68
7.3 Wireways . 68
7.4 Lampholders . 69
7.5 Starterholders . 70
7.6 Terminal blocks. 71
7.7 Terminals and supply connections . 71
7.8 Switches . 73
7.9 Insulating linings and sleeves . 74
7.10 Double and reinforced insulation . 75
7.11 Electrical connections and current-carrying parts . 77
7.12 Screws, connections (mechanical) and glands . 79
7.13 Mechanical strength . 82
7.14 Suspensions, fixings and means of adjustment . 85
7.15 Flammable materials . 88
7.16 Luminaires for mounting on normally flammable surfaces . 91
7.17 Drain holes . 93
7.18 Resistance to corrosion . 93
7.19 Ignitors . 94
7.20 Rough service luminaires – Vibration requirements . 94
7.21 Protective shield . 96
7.22 Attachments to lamps. 96

7.23 Semi-luminaires . 97
7.24 Photobiological hazards . 97
7.24.1 Actinic UV hazards for skin and eye (200 nm to 400 nm) . 98
7.24.2 UV-A hazard for the eye lens (315 nm to 400 nm) . 98
7.24.3 Retinal blue light hazard . 98
7.24.4 Retinal thermal hazard (380 nm to 1 400 nm) . 100
7.24.5 Infrared hazard for the eye (780 nm to 3 000 nm) . 100
7.24.6 Thermal hazard for the skin (380 nm to 3 000 nm) . 100
7.25 Mechanical hazard . 100
7.26 Short-circuit protection . 100
7.27 Terminal blocks with integrated screwless protective earthing contacts . 101
7.28 Fixing of thermal sensing controls . 101
7.29 Luminaires with non-replaceable light sources . 102
7.30 Luminaires with non-user replaceable light sources and non-user
serviceable components. 102
7.31 Insulation between circuits . 103
7.31.1 General . 103
7.31.2 SELV or PELV circuits . 103
7.31.3 FELV circuits . 104
7.31.4 Other circuits . 105
7.31.5 Additional requirements for luminaires using controllable controlgear
providing SELV output(s) . 105
7.32 Overvoltage protective devices external to controlgear . 106
7.32.1 General . 106
7.32.2 Surge protective devices (SPDs) . 106
7.32.3 Surge protective components (SPCs) . 106
7.33 Luminaire powered via information technology communication cabling . 108
7.34 Electromagnetic fields (EMF) . 109
7.35 Protection against moving fan blades . 109
7.36 Track-mounted luminaires . 109
8 SECTION 5: External and internal wiring . 109
8.1 General . 109
8.2 Supply connection and other external wiring . 109
8.3 Internal wiring . 118
8.4 Test to determine the suitability of conductors having a reduced cross-
sectional area . 121
SECTION 6: Void .
9 SECTION 7: Provision for earthing . 123
9.1 General . 123
9.2 Provision for earthing . 123
10 SECTION 8: Protection against electric shock . 126
10.1 General . 126
10.2 Protection against electric shock . 126
11 SECTION 9: Resistance to dust, solid objects and moisture . 130
11.1 General . 130
11.2 General conditions and tests for ingress of dust, solid objects and moisture
IP classification . 130
11.2.1 General . 130
11.2.2 Tests for first characteristics IP numerals 2, 3 and 4 . 132

– 4 – IEC 60598-1:2024 RLV © IEC 2024
11.2.3 Tests for first characteristic IP numeral 5 and 6 . 132
11.2.4 Drip-proof luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP numeral 1 . 133
11.2.5 Drip-proof luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP numeral 2 . 134
11.2.6 Rain-proof luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP numeral 3 . 134
11.2.7 Splash-proof luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP numeral 4 . 135
11.2.8 Jet-proof luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP numeral 5 . 135
11.2.9 Powerful jet-proof luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP
numeral 6 . 136
11.2.10 Watertight luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP numeral 7 . 136
11.2.11 Pressure watertight luminaires – Tests for second characteristic IP
numeral 8 . 137
11.2.12 High pressure and temperature water jet-proof luminaires – Tests for
second characteristic IP numeral 9 (80 °C) . 137
11.2.13 High pressure and cold water jet-proof luminaires – Tests for second
characteristic IP numeral 9 (15 °C) . 137
11.3 Humidity test . 137
12 SECTION 10: Insulation resistance and electric strength, touch current and
protective conductor current . 138
12.1 General . 138
12.2 Insulation resistance and electric strength . 138
12.2.1 General . 138
12.2.2 Test – Insulation resistance . 139
12.2.3 Test – Electric strength . 140
12.3 Touch current, protective conductor current and electric burn . 142
13 SECTION 11: Creepage distances and clearances . 143
13.1 General . 143
13.2 Requirements . 144
13.2.1 General . 144
13.2.2 Creepage distances . 145
13.2.3 Clearances . 147
14 SECTION 12: Endurance test and thermal test . 148
14.1 General . 148
14.2 Selection of lamps and ballasts controlgear . 148
14.3 Endurance test . 149
14.3.1 General . 149
14.3.2 Test . 149
14.3.3 Compliance . 150
14.4 Thermal test (normal operation) . 150
14.4.1 General . 150
14.4.2 Test . 151
14.4.3 Compliance . 153
14.5 Thermal test (abnormal operation) . 156
14.5.1 General . 156
14.5.2 Test . 157
14.5.3 Compliance . 158
14.6 Thermal test (failed windings in lamp controlgear) . 160
14.6.1 General . 160
14.6.2 Test for luminaires without thermal cut-outs . 160
14.6.3 Test for luminaires with temperature sensing controls . 161

14.7 Thermal test in regard to fault conditions in lamp controlgear or electronic
devices incorporated in thermoplastic luminaires . 162
14.7.1 General . 162
14.7.2 Test for luminaires without temperature sensing controls . 162
14.7.3 Test for luminaires with temperature sensing controls internal/ or
external to the ballast controlgear or transformer . 165
15 SECTION 13: Resistance to heat, fire and tracking . 166
15.1 General . 166
15.2 Resistance to heat . 166
15.3 Resistance to flame and ignition . 167
15.4 Resistance to tracking . 167
16 SECTION 14: Screw terminals . 168
16.1 General . 168
16.2 General requirements and basic principles . 174
16.3 Mechanical requirements and tests . 176
17 SECTION 15: Screwless terminals and electrical connections . 180
17.1 General . 180
17.2 General requirements . 182
17.3 General instructions for tests . 184
17.3.1 Preparation of samples . 184
17.3.2 Test conductors . 184
17.3.3 Multi-conductor terminals . 184
17.3.4 Multi-way terminals . 184
17.3.5 Test quantities . 184
17.4 Terminal and connections for internal wiring . 184
17.4.1 Mechanical tests . 184
17.4.2 Electrical tests . 185
17.5 Terminals and connections for external wiring . 187
17.5.1 Conductors . 187
17.5.2 Mechanical tests . 187
17.5.3 Electrical tests . 188
Annex A (normative) Test to establish whether a conductive part can cause an electric
shock . 190
A.1 General . 190
A.2 Touch voltage limits . 190
A.3 Touch current limits . 190
A.4 Compliance . 191
Annex B (normative) Test lamps . 192
B.1 General . 192
B.2 Filament lamps within the scope of IEC 60432-1 and IEC 60432-2 . 192
B.2.1 Principal modes of heat transfer and lamps used for testing . 192
B.2.2 Filament test lamps . 193
B.3 Halogen lamps within the scope of IEC 60432-3 . 194
B.4 Tubular fluorescent and other discharge lamps . 194
B.5 LED modules within the scope of IEC 62031 . 194
Annex C (normative) Abnormal circuit conditions . 195
Annex D (normative) Thermal testing . 198
D.1 Draught-proof enclosure . 198
D.2 Mounting surface and test recess . 198

– 6 – IEC 60598-1:2024 RLV © IEC 2024
D.3 Alternative test procedure for adjustment of measured temperatures for
luminaire t rating(s) . 201
a
D.3.1 General . 201
D.3.2 Thermal test of normal operation for luminaires without temperature
sensing controls and where the rated ambient temperature t as marked
a
on the luminaire is higher than the ambient temperature in the draught-
proof enclosure . 202
Annex E (normative) Determination of winding temperature rises by the increase-in-
resistance method . 203
Annex F (normative) Test for resistance to stress corrosion of copper and copper
alloys . 204
F.1 Test cabinet . 204
F.2 Test solution . 204
F.3 Test piece . 204
F.4 Test procedure . 205
Annex G (normative) Measurement of touch current and protective conductor current . 206
G.1 General . 206
G.2 Test conditions . 206
G.3 Test procedures . 206
G.4 Test measurements . 206
G.5 Test sequence . 208
Annex H (xxx) (Void) .
Annex I (xxx) (Void) .
Annex H (informative) Explanation of IP numbers for degrees of protection . 212
Annex I (informative) Temperature measurements . 214
I.1 Temperature measurements of the luminaire . 214
I.2 Temperature measurement of the insulation parts of lampholders . 215
Annex J (informative) Guidelines for good practice in luminaire design . 217
J.1 General . 217
J.2 Plastics in luminaires . 217
J.3 Rust resistance . 218
J.4 Corrosion resistance . 218
J.5 Chemically corrosive atmospheres . 219
J.6 Reflector design . 219
J.7 Components in different kinds of luminaires . 220
J.8 Recommendations for electromagnetic ballast protection for end of life
phenomenon of HID lamps . 220
J.9 Resistance against the effects of vibration . 220
J.10 Flammability of components . 221
J.11 Permanent magnets . 221
Annex K (normative) Determination of creepage distances and clearances . 223
Annex L (informative) Explanation of marking for luminaires that are not suitable for
mounting on normally flammable surfaces and covering with insulation materials . 224
L.1 General . 224
L.2 Protection against flame . 224
L.3 Protection against heat . 225
L.3.1 General . 225
L.3.2 Spacing . 225

L.3.3 Temperature measurements of mounting surface under abnormal or
failed ballast conditions . 225
L.4 Thermal protectors . 227
L.5 Deletion of the F mark requirements . 228
Annex M (normative) Absorption requirements for the protective shield to be fitted to

luminaires designed for metal halide lamps which emit a high level of UV radiation . 230
M.1 General . 230
M.2 Procedure A . 230
M.3 Procedure B . 231
Annex N (informative) Conformity testing during manufacture . 232
N.1 General . 232
N.2 Testing . 232
Annex O (xxx) (Void) .
Annex O (normative) Schedule of amended subclauses containing more serious or
critical requirements which call for products to be retested . 234
Annex P (normative) Requirements for the identification of a family or range of
luminaires for type testing . 236
P.1 General . 236
P.2 Range or family of luminaires . 236
Annex Q (informative) Additional requirements for luminaires where a higher degree of
availability (impulse withstand overvoltage category III) may be requested . 238
Q.1 General . 238
Q.2 Requirements for impulse withstand overvoltage category III . 238
Annex R (normative) Additional test requirements for terminal blocks with integrated
screwless protective earthing contact for direct connection to the luminaire housing or
to parts of the body . 240
R.1 Additional requirements to 9.2.1 . 240
R.1.1 Requirements for mechanical strength . 240
R.1.2 Test for terminal fixing . 240
R.1.3 Test for supporting plate . 240
R.2 Additional requirements to 9.2.3 . 240
Annex S (normative) Alternative thermal test for thermoplastic luminaires . 242
S.1 General . 242
S.2 Thermal test in regard to fault conditions in lamp controlgear or electronic
devices without temperature sensing controls in thermoplastic luminaires for
fluorescent lamps ≤ 70 W . 242
Annex T (xxx) (Void) .
Annex T (normative) Requirements for insulation between active live parts of circuits
and accessible conductive parts . 244
Annex U (informative) Information regarding power sourcing equipment powering
class III luminaires via information technology communication cabling . 246
U.1 General . 246
U.2 Insulation of the mains supply . 246
U.3 Electrical limits of a PSE . 246
Annex V (informative) Cross-references to the previous edition of IEC 60598-1 . 248
Annex W (normative) Battery/EDLC-operated luminaires . 251
W.1 General . 251
W.2 General test requirements and verification . 251
W.3 Marking . 253

– 8 – IEC 60598-1:2024 RLV © IEC 2024
W.3.1 General . 253
W.3.2 Luminaires with replaceable battery . 253
W.3.3 Coin and button batteries . 253
W.3.4 Other standardized batteries (e.g. AAA or AA) . 254
W.3.5 Luminaires with non-standardized replaceable rechargeable battery . 255
W.3.6 Luminaires with non-user replaceable battery/EDLC . 255
W.3.7 Luminaires with non-replaceable battery/EDLC . 256
W.3.8 Luminaires supplied by external dedicated power supply units . 256
W.3.9 Rechargeable luminaires other than ordinary . 256
W.3.10 Conditions for charging . 256
W.4 Construction . 257
W.4.1 General . 257
W.4.2 Small batteries (coins, button and other non-standardized batteries) . 257
W.4.3 Battery compartment fasteners for small batteries and other
standardized batteries (e.g. AAA or AA) . 258
W.4.4 Battery/EDLC chargers incorporated in luminaires . 258
W.4.5 Short-circuit protection . 258
W.4.6 Electrical parameters of the batteries operation . 259
W.4.7 Protection against overpressure for Li-ion batteries used in luminaires . 260
W.4.8 Protection against the consequence of failure of cells or EDLCs . 260
W.5 Protection against electric shock . 261
W.6 Endurance test and thermal test. 261
W.6.1 Endurance test . 261
W.6.2 Thermal test (normal operation) . 261
W.6.3 Thermal test (abnormal operation) . 262
W.6.4 Lithium-ion charging systems – Fault conditions . 263
Bibliography . 265

Figure 1 – Example of "looping-in" (feed through) . 31
Figure 2 – Examples of "through wiring" . 33
Figure 3 – Example of electro-mechanical contact system with plug or socket
connection . 35
Figure 4 – AC supply . 53
Figure 5 – DC supply . 53
Figure 6 – DC and AC supply . 53
Figure 7 – Class II . 54
Figure 8 – Class III . 54
Figure 9 – Luminaire not suitable for direct mounting on normally flammable surfaces . 56
Figure 10 – High-pressure sodium lamps that require an external ignitor (to the lamp) . 56
Figure 11 – High-pressure sodium lamps having an internal starting device . 56
Figure 12 – Warning against the use of cool-beam lamps . 57
Figure 13 – Functional earthing . 57
Figure 14 – Protective earthing . 57
Figure 15 – Minimum distance from lighted objects (metres) . 58
Figure 16 – Rough service . 58
Figure 17 – Bowl mirror lamp . 58
Figure 18 – Replace any cracked protective shield . 59

Figure 19 – Test circuit for safety during insertion . 59
Figure 20 – Self-shielded lamp. 60
Figure 21 – Luminaires with internal fuses . 60
Figure 22 – Do not stare at the operating light source . 61
Figure 23 – Caution, risk of electric shock. 62
Figure 24 – Use of heat resistant supply cables, interconnecting cables or external
wiring . 63
Figure 25 – Pictogram for non-replaceable light source . 65
Figure 26 – Pictogram for non-user replaceable light source . 65
Figure 27 – Pictogram for replaceable light source . 65
Figure 28 – Pictogram for non-replaceable controlgear . 67
Figure 29 – Pictogram for non-user replaceable controlgear . 67
Figure 30 – Pictogram for replaceable controlgear . 68
Figure 31 – Terminal block arrangement for installation test for luminaires with
connecting leads (tails) . 71
Figure 32 – Examples of self-tapping, thread-cutting and thread-forming screws (from
ISO 1891) . 78
Figure 33 – Illustration of the requirements of 7.15.1 . 90
Figure 34 – Apparatus for ball impact tests . 95
Figure 35 – Test chain . 101
Figure 36 – Example of permitted degree of soldering . 116
Figure 37 – Circuit for checking electrical contact between socket-outlet and plug . 117
Figure 38 – Test to determine the suitability of conductors having a reduced cross-
sectional area . 122
Figure 39
...