IEC 60947-1:2007

Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules

The purpose of this standard is to harmonize as far as practicable all rules and requirements of a general nature applicable to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear in order to obtain uniformity of requirements and tests throughout the corresponding range of equipment and to avoid the need for testing to different standards.

Appareillage à basse tension - Partie 1: Règles générales

La présente norme a pour objectif d'harmoniser dans toute la mesure du possible l'ensemble des règles et des dispositions de caractère général applicables à l'appareillage à basse tension, de manière à uniformiser les exigences et les essais visant la gamme complète des matériels correspondants et à éviter d'avoir à effectuer des essais suivant des normes différentes.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 05-Jun-2007
• ICS: 29.130.20 - Low voltage switchgear and controlgear
• Technical Committee: SC 121A - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear
• Drafting Committee: MT 5 - TC 121/SC 121A/MT 5
• Current Stage: DELPUB - Deleted Publication
• Completion Date: 22-Apr-2020

Relations

• Amended By: IEC 60947-1:2007/AMD2:2014 - Amendment 2 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Amended By: IEC 60947-1:2007/AMD1:2010 - Amendment 1 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revises: IEC 60947-1:2004 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revised: IEC 60947-1:2020 - Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear - Part 1: General rules
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60947-1
Edition 5.0 2007-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –
Partie 1: Règles générales
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or

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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

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IEC 60947-1
Edition 5.0 2007-06
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –
Partie 1: Règles générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XH
ICS 29.130.20 ISBN 2-8318-9181-7

– 2 – 60947-1 © IEC:2007
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.7

1 General .9

1.1 Scope and object.9

1.2 Normative references .10

2 Definitions .13

2.1 General terms.18

2.2 Switching devices .21
2.3 Parts of switching devices.24
2.4 Operation of switching devices.27
2.5 Characteristic quantities .32
2.6 Tests.41
2.7 Ports .41
3 Classification .42
4 Characteristics.43
4.1 General .44
4.2 Type of equipment .44
4.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit .44
4.4 Utilization category .50
4.5 Control circuits .50
4.6 Auxiliary circuits .51
4.7 Relays and releases .51
4.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD) .51
4.9 Switching overvoltages .52
5 Product information.52
5.1 Nature of information .52
5.2 Marking .53
5.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance.54
6 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions.54
6.1 Normal service conditions.54
6.2 Conditions during transport and storage.56
6.3 Mounting .56
7 Constructional and performance requirements .56
7.1 Constructioynal requirements.56
7.2 Performance requirements.64
7.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) .72
8 Tests .73
8.1 Kinds of test .73
8.2 Compliance with constructional requirements.75
8.3 Performance.81
8.4 Tests for EMC .101

60947-1 © IEC:2007 − 3 −
Annex A (informative) Examples of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear and

controlgear. 141

Annex B (informative) Suitability of the equipment when conditions for operation in

service differ from the normal conditions . 144

Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment. 146

Annex D (informative) Examples of terminals . 153

Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit. 160

Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant . 162

Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances . 164

Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system
and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment . 170
Annex J (informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user . 172
Annex K Vacant . 173
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number. 174
Annex M (normative) Flammability test .185
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation. 188
Annex O (informative) Environmental aspects. 193
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear
connected to copper conductors. 201
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Damp heat, salt mist, vibration and shock . 202
Annex R (informative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible
parts during operation or adjustment . 207
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs. 213

Bibliography . 227

Table 1 – Standard cross-sections of round copper conductors and approximate
relationship between mm and AWG/kcmil sizes (see 7.1.8.2). 105
Table 2 – Temperature-rise limits of terminals (see 7.2.2.1 and 8.3.3.3.4). 105
Table 3 – Temperature-rise limits of accessible parts (see 7.2.2.2 and 8.3.3.3.4). 106
Table 4 – Tightening torques for the verification of the mechanical strength of screw-
type terminals (see 8.3.2.1, 8.2.6 and 8.2.6.2) . 107
Table 5 – Test values for flexion and pull-out tests for round copper conductors (see
8.2.4.4.1) . 108
Table 6 – Test values for pull-out test for flat copper conductors (see 8.2.4.4.2) . 108
Table 7 – Maximum conductor cross-sections and corresponding gauges (see
8.2.4.5.1) . 109
Table 7a – Relationship between conductor cross-section and diameter . 110
Table 8 – Tolerances on test quantities (see 8.3.4.3, item a)) . 111
Table 9 – Test copper conductors for test currents up to 400 A inclusive (see 8.3.3.3.4) . 111
Table 10 – Test copper conductors for test currents above 400 A and up to 800 A
inclusive (see 8.3.3.3.4) . 112

– 4 – 60947-1 © IEC:2007
Table 11 – Test copper bars for test currents above 400 A and up to 3 150 A inclusive

(see 8.3.3.3.4) .
...

IEC 60947-1 ®
Edition 5.1 2011-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –
Partie 1: Règles générales
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or

IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.

Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette

publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
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Vocabulary online.
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normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

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Le premier dictionnaire en ligne au monde de termes électroniques et électriques. Il contient plus de 20 000 termes et
définitions en anglais et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans les langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé
Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International en ligne.
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IEC 60947-1 ®
Edition 5.1 2011-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –
Partie 1: Règles générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX CU
ICS 29.130.20 ISBN 978-2-88912-340-7

– 2 – 60947-1 © IEC:2007+A1:2010

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7

General . 9
1.1 Scope and object. 9

1.2 Normative references . 10

2 Definitions . 14

2.1 General terms . 18

2.2 Switching devices . 21
2.3 Parts of switching devices . 24
2.4 Operation of switching devices . 29
2.5 Characteristic quantities . 33
2.6 Tests . 42
2.7 Ports . 42
3 Classification . 43
4 Characteristics . 44
4.1 General . 45
4.2 Type of equipment . 45
4.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit . 45
4.4 Utilization category . 51
4.5 Control circuits . 51
4.6 Auxiliary circuits . 52
4.7 Relays and releases . 53
4.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD) . 53
4.9 Switching overvoltages . 53
5 Product information . 53
5.1 Nature of information . 53
5.2 Marking . 54
5.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance . 55
6 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions . 56
6.1 Normal service conditions . 56
6.2 Conditions during transport and storage . 58
6.3 Mounting . 58

7 Constructional and performance requirements . 58
7.1 Constructioynal requirements . 58
7.2 Performance requirements . 66
7.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 74
8 Tests . 75
8.1 Kinds of test . 75
8.2 Compliance with constructional requirements . 77
8.3 Performance . 83
8.4 Tests for EMC . 104

60947-1 © IEC:2007+A1:2010 − 3 −

Annex A (informative) Examples of utilization categories for low-voltage switchgear

and controlgear . 145

Annex B (informative) Suitability of the equipment when conditions for operation in

service differ from the normal conditions . 148

Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment . 149

Annex D (informative) Examples of terminals clamping units and relationship

between clamping unit and connecting device . 156

Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit . 171

Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant . 173

Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances . 175
Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system
and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment . 181
Annex J (informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user . 183
Annex K Vacant . 184
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number . 185
Annex M (normative) Flammability test . 196
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation . 203
Annex O (informative) Environmental aspects . 208
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear
connected to copper conductors . 217
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Damp heat, salt mist, vibration and shock . 218
Annex R (informative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on accessible
parts during operation or adjustment . 224
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs . 230
Annex T (normative) Extended functions within electronic overload relays . 244
Annex U (informative) Examples of control circuit configurations . 249

Bibliography . 252

Table 1 – Standard cross-sections of round copper conductors and approximate
relationship between mm and AWG/kcmil sizes (see 7.1.8.2) . 107
Table 2 – Temperature-rise limits of terminals (see 7.2.2.1 and 8.3.3.3.4) . 108
Table 3 – Temperature-rise limits of accessible parts (see 7.2.2.2 and 8.3.3.3.4) . 108
Table 4 – Tightening torques for the verification of the mechanical strength of screw-

type terminals (see 8.3.2.1, 8.2.6 and 8.2.6.2) . 109
Table 5 – Test values for flexion and pull-out tests for round copper conductors (see
8.2.4.4.1) . 110
Table 6 – Test values for pull-out test for flat copper conductors (see 8.2.4.4.2) . 111
Table 7 – Maximum conductor cross-sections and corresponding gauges (see
8.2.4.5.1) . 111
Table 7a – Relationship between conductor cross-section and diameter . 112
Table 8 – Tolerances on test quantities (see 8.3.4.3, item a)) . 113
Table 9 – Test copper conductors for test cur
...

IEC 60947-1 ®
Edition 5.2 2014-09
CONSOLIDATED
VERSION
VERSION
CONSOLIDÉE
colour
inside
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –
Partie 1: Règles générales
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form

or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or

your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie

et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'IEC ou du Comité national de l'IEC du pays du demandeur. Si vous avez des

questions sur le copyright de l'IEC ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette publication, utilisez
les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de l'IEC de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office Tel.: [phone]
3, rue de Varembé Fax: [phone]
CH-1211 Geneva 20 [e-mail]
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.

IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
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iPad. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online.

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The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a More than 55 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,

77, 86 and CISPR.
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Normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

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IEC 60947-1 ®
Edition 5.2 2014-09
CONSOLIDATED
VERSION
VERSION
CONSOLIDÉE
colour
inside
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –

Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –

Partie 1: Règles générales
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.130.20 ISBN 978-2-8322-1823-5

IEC 60947-1 ®
Edition 5.2 2014-09
REDLINE VERSION
VERSION REDLINE
colour
inside
Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear –
Part 1: General rules
Appareillage à basse tension –
Partie 1: Règles générales
– 2 – IEC 60947-1:2007
+AMD1:2010+AMD2:2014 CSV © IEC 2014

CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 7

1 General . 9

1.1 Scope and object . 9

1.2 Normative references . 10

2 Definitions . 14

2.1 General terms. 19

2.2 Switching devices . 22
2.3 Parts of switching devices . 25
2.4 Operation of switching devices . 30
2.5 Characteristic quantities . 34
2.6 Tests . 43
2.7 Ports . 43
3 Classification . 44
4 Characteristics . 45
4.1 General . 45
4.2 Type of equipment . 46
4.3 Rated and limiting values for the main circuit . 46
4.4 Utilization category . 52
4.5 Control circuits . 52
4.6 Auxiliary circuits . 53
4.7 Relays and releases . 53
4.8 Co-ordination with short-circuit protective devices (SCPD) . 53
4.9 Switching overvoltages . 53
5 Product information. 54
5.1 Nature of information . 54
5.2 Marking . 55
5.3 Instructions for installation, operation and maintenance . 56
6 Normal service, mounting and transport conditions . 56
6.1 Normal service conditions . 56
6.2 Conditions during transport and storage . 58
6.3 Mounting . 58

7 Constructional and performance requirements . 58
7.1 Constructional requirements . 58
7.2 Performance requirements . 67
7.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 74
8 Tests . 76
8.1 Kinds of test . 76
8.2 Compliance with constructional requirements . 77
8.3 Performance . 84
8.4 Tests for EMC . 104

+AMD1:2010+AMD2:2014 CSV © IEC 2014

Annex A (informative) Examples Harmonization of utilization categories for low-voltage

switchgear and controlgear. 145

Annex B (informative) Suitability of the equipment when conditions for operation in

service differ from the normal conditions . 150

Annex C (normative) Degrees of protection of enclosed equipment . 151

Annex D (informative) Examples of terminals clamping units and relationship between

clamping unit and connecting device . 158

Annex E (informative) Description of a method for adjusting the load circuit . 168

Annex F (informative) Determination of short-circuit power-factor or time-constant . 170

Annex G (informative) Measurement of creepage distances and clearances . 172
Annex H (informative) Correlation between the nominal voltage of the supply system
and the rated impulse withstand voltage of equipment . 178
Annex J (informative) Items subject to agreement between manufacturer and user . 180
Annex K Vacant (normative) Procedure to determine reliability data for
electromechanical devices used in functional safety applications . 181
Annex L (normative) Terminal marking and distinctive number . 191
Annex M (normative) Flammability test . 202
Annex N (normative) Requirements and tests for equipment with protective separation . 207
Annex O (informative) Environmentally-conscious aspects design . 212
Annex P (informative) Terminal lugs for low voltage switchgear and controlgear
connected to copper conductors . 229
Annex Q (normative) Special tests – Damp heat, salt mist, vibration and shock . 230
Annex R (informative normative) Application of the metal foil for dielectric testing on
accessible parts during operation or adjustment . 236
Annex S (normative) Digital inputs and outputs . 242
Annex T (normati
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