IEC 62305-1:2010
(Main)Protection against lightning - Part 1: General principles
Protection against lightning - Part 1: General principles
IEC 62305-1:2010 provides general principles to be followed for protection of structures against lightning, including their installations and contents, as well as persons. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 2006, and constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
1) It no longer covers protection of services connected to structures.
2) Isolated interfaces are introduced as protection measures to reduce failure of electric and electronic systems.
3) First negative impulse current is introduced as a new lightning parameter for calculation purposes.
4) Expected surge overcurrents due to lightning flashes have been more accurately specified for low voltage power systems and for telecommunication systems.
This bilingual version (2013-01) corresponds to the monolingual English version, published in 2010-12.
Protection contre la foudre - Partie 1: Principes généraux
La CEI 62305-1:2010 fournit des principes généraux à suivre pour protéger les structures contre la foudre, y compris leurs installations, leur contenu et les personnes qui s'y trouvent. Cette deuxième édition annule et remplace la première édition parue en 2006. Elle constitue une révision technique. Par rapport à l'édition précédente, cette édition contient les modifications techniques notables suivantes:
1) Elle ne couvre plus la protection des services connectés aux structures.
2) Les interfaces isolées sont présentées comme des mesures de protection destinées à réduire les défaillances des réseaux de puissance et de communication.
3) Le premier courant de choc négatif est présenté comme un nouveau paramètre de foudre servant aux calculs.
4) Les surintensités prévues dues aux éclairs ont été spécifiées plus précisément pour les systèmes d'alimentation basse tension et les réseaux de communication.
La présente version bilingue (2013-01) correspond à la version anglaise monolingue publiée en 2010-12.
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IEC 62305-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Protection against lightning –
Part 1: General principles
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
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IEC 62305-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
Protection against lightning –
Part 1: General principles
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
PRICE CODE
XB
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40 ISBN 978-2-88912-280-6
– 2 – 62305-1 Ó IEC:2010(E)
CONTENTS
FOREW ORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normativ e references . 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Lightning current parameters . 14
5 Damage due to lightning . 14
5.1 Damage to a structure. 14
5.1.1 Effects of lightning on a structure . 14
5.1.2 Sources and types of damage to a structure . 16
5.2 Types of loss . 16
6 Need and economic justification for lightning protection . 18
6.1 Need for lightning protection . 18
6.2 Economic justification of lightning protection . 19
7 Protection measures. 19
7.1 General . 19
7.2 Protection measures to reduce injury of living beings by electric shock . 19
7.3 Protection measures to reduce physical damage . 20
7.4 Protection measures to reduce failure of electrical and electronic systems . 20
7.5 Protection measures selection . 20
8 Basic criteria for protection of structures. 21
8.1 General . 21
8.2 Lightning protection levels (LPL) . 21
8.3 Lightning protection zones (LPZ) . 23
8.4 Protection of structures . 25
8.4.1 Protection to reduce physical damage and life hazard . 25
8.4.2 Protection to reduce the failure of internal systems . 26
Annex A (informative) Parameters of lightning current . 27
Annex B (informative) Time functions of the lightning current for analysis purposes . 38
Annex C (informative) Simulation of the lightning current for test purposes . 44
Annex D (informative) Test parameters simulating the effects of lightning on LPS
com ponents . 48
Annex E (informative) Surges due to lightning at different installation points . 62
Bibliography . 67
Figure 1 – Connection between the various parts of IEC 62305 . 7
Figure 2 – Types of loss and corresponding risks resulting from different types of
dam age . 18
Figure 3 – LPZ defined by an LPS (IEC 62305-3) . 24
Figure 4 – LPZ defined by an SPM (IEC 62305-4) . 25
Figure A.1 – Definitions of impulse current parameters (typically T � 2 ms) . 27
Figure A.2 – Definitions of long duration stroke parameters (typically 2 ms �T
LONG
�1 s) . 28
62305-1 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 3 –
Figure A.3 – Possible components of downward flashes (typical in flat territory and
to lower structures) . 28
Figure A.4 – Possible components of upward flashes (typical to exposed and/or
higher structures) . 29
Figure A.5 – Cumulative frequency distribution of lightning current parameters (lines
through 95 % and 5 % value) . 34
Figure B.1 – Shape of the current rise of the first positive impulse . 39
Figure B.2 – Shape of the current tail of the first positive impulse . 40
Figure B.3 – Shape of the current rise of the first negative impulse . 40
Figure B.4 – Shape of the current tail of the first negative impulse . 41
Figure B.5 – Shape of the current rise of the subsequent negative impulses . 42
Figure B.6 – Shape of the current tail of the subsequent negative impulses . 42
Figure B.7 – Amplitude density of the lightning current according to LPL I . 43
Figure C.1 – Example test generator for the simulation of the specific energy of the
first positive impulse and the charge of the long stroke . 45
Figure C.2 – Definition of the current steepness in accordance with Table C.3 . 46
Figure C.3 – Example test generator for the simulation of the front steepness of the
first positive impulse for large test items . 47
Figure C.4 – Example test generator for the simulation of the front steepness of the
subsequent negative impulses for large test items . 47
Figure D.1 – General arrangement of two conductors for the calculation of
electrodynamic force . 54
Figure D.2 – Typical conductor arrangement in an LPS. 55
Figure D.3 – Diagram of the stresses F for the configuration of Figure D.2. 55
Figure D.4 – Force per unit length F’ along the horizontal conductor of Figure D.2 . 56
Table 1 – Effects of lightning on typical structures . 15
Table 2 – Damage and loss relevant to a structure according to different points of
strike of lightning . 17
Table 3 – Maximum values of lightning parameters according to LPL . 22
Table 4 – Minimum values of lightning parameters and related rolling sphere radius
corresponding to LPL . 22
Table 5 – Probabilities for the limits of the lightning current parameters . 23
Table A.1 – Tabulated values of lightning current parameters taken from CIGRE
[3], [4]
(Electra No. 41 or No. 69) . 31
Table A.2 – Logarithmic normal distribution of lightning current parameters – Mean
m and dispersion σ calculated from 95 % and 5 % values from CIGRE (Electra No.
log
[3], [4]
41 or No. 69) . 32
Table A.3 – Values of probability P as function of the lightning current I . 33
Table B.1 – Parameters for Equation (B.1). 38
Table C.1 – Test parameters of the first positive impulse . 45
Table C.2 – Test parameters of the long stroke . 45
Table C.3 – Test parameters of the impulses . 46
Table D.1 – Summary of the lightning threat parameters to be considered in the
calculation of the test values for the different LPS components and for the different
LPL 49
Table D.2 – Physical characteristics of typical materials used in LPS components . 52
– 4 – 62305-1 Ó IEC:2010(E)
Table D.3 – Temperature rise for conductors of different sections as a function of
W/R . 52
Table E.1 – Conventional earthing impedance values Z and Z according to the
resistivity of the soil . 63
Table E.2 – Expected surge overcurrents due to lightning flashes on low-voltage
system s . 64
Table E.3 – Expected surge overcurrents due to lightning flashes on
telecommunication systems . 65
62305-1 Ó IEC:2010(E) – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
PROTECTION AGAINST LIGHTNING –
Part 1: General principles
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in
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Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for
...
IEC 62305-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Protection against lightning –
Part 1: General principles
Protection contre la foudre –
Partie 1: Principes généraux
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
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About the IEC
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International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
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latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
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withdrawn publications. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) on-line.
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IEC 62305-1 ®
Edition 2.0 2010-12
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Protection against lightning –
Part 1: General principles
Protection contre la foudre –
Partie 1: Principes généraux
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX XB
ICS 29.020; 91.120.40 ISBN 978-2-83220-604-1
– 2 – 62305-1 IEC:2010
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references. 8
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Lightning current parameters . 14
5 Damage due to lightning . 14
5.1 Damage to a structure . 14
5.1.1 Effects of lightning on a structure . 14
5.1.2 Sources and types of damage to a structure . 16
5.2 Types of loss . 16
6 Need and economic justification for lightning protection . 18
6.1 Need for lightning protection . 18
6.2 Economic justification of lightning protection . 19
7 Protection measures . 19
7.1 General . 19
7.2 Protection measures to reduce injury of living beings by electric shock . 19
7.3 Protection measures to reduce physical damage . 20
7.4 Protection measures to reduce failure of electrical and electronic systems . 20
7.5 Protection measures selection . 20
8 Basic criteria for protection of structures . 21
8.1 General . 21
8.2 Lightning protection levels (LPL) . 21
8.3 Lightning protection zones (LPZ) . 23
8.4 Protection of structures . 25
8.4.1 Protection to reduce physical damage and life hazard . 25
8.4.2 Protection to reduce the failure of internal systems . 26
Annex A (informative) Parameters of lightning current . 27
Annex B (informative) Time functions of the lightning current for analysis purposes . 38
Annex C (informative) Simulation of the lightning current for test purposes . 44
Annex D (informative) Test parameters simulating the effects of lightning on LPS
components . 48
Annex E (informative) Surges due to lightning at different installation points . 62
Bibliography . 67
Figure 1 – Connection between the various parts of IEC 62305 . 7
Figure 2 – Types of loss and corresponding risks resulting from different types of
damage. 18
Figure 3 – LPZ defined by an LPS (IEC 62305-3) . 24
Figure 4 – LPZ defined by an SPM (IEC 62305-4) . 25
Figure A.1 – Definitions of impulse current parameters (typically T < 2 ms) . 27
Figure A.2 – Definitions of long duration stroke parameters (typically 2 ms
LONG
<1 s) . 28
Figure A.3 – Possible components of downward flashes (typical in flat territory and to
lower structures) . 28
62305-1 IEC:2010 – 3 –
Figure A.4 – Possible components of upward flashes (typical to exposed and/or higher
structures) . 29
Figure A.5 – Cumulative frequency distribution of lightning current parameters (lines
through 95 % and 5 % value) . 34
Figure B.1 – Shape of the current rise of the first positive impulse . 39
Figure B.2 – Shape of the current tail of the first positive impulse . 40
Figure B.3 – Shape of the current rise of the first negative impulse . 40
Figure B.4 – Shape of the current tail of the first negative impulse . 41
Figure B.5 – Shape of the current rise of the subsequent negative impulses . 42
Figure B.6 – Shape of the current tail of the subsequent negative impulses . 42
Figure B.7 – Amplitude density of the lightning current according to LPL I . 43
Figure C.1 – Example test generator for the simulation of the specific energy of the first
positive impulse and the charge of the long stroke . 45
Figure C.2 – Definition of the current steepness in accordance with Table C.3 . 46
Figure C.3 – Example test generator for the simulation of the front steepness of the
first positive impulse for large test items . 47
Figure C.4 – Example test generator for the simulation of the front steepness of the
subsequent negative impulses for large test items . 47
Figure D.1 – General arrangement of two conductors for the calculation of
electrodynamic force . 54
Figure D.2 – Typical conductor arrangement in an LPS . 55
Figure D.3 – Diagram of the stresses F for the configuration of Figure D.2 . 55
Figure D.4 – Force per unit length F’ along the horizontal conductor of Figure D.2 . 55
Table 1 – Effects of lightning on typical structures . 15
Table 2 – Damage and loss relevant to a structure according to different points of strike
of lightning . 17
Table 3 – Maximum values of lightning parameters according to LPL . 22
Table 4 – Minimum values of lightning parameters and related rolling sphere radius
corresponding to LPL . 22
Table 5 – Probabilities for the limits of the lightning current parameters . 23
Table A.1 – Tabulated values of lightning current parameters taken from CIGRE
[3], [4]
(Electra No. 41 or No. 69) . 31
Table A.2 – Logarithmic normal distribution of lightning current parameters – Mean µ
and dispersion σ calculated from 95 % and 5 % values from CIGRE (Electra No. 41
log
[3], [4]
or No. 69) . 32
Table A.3 – Values of probability P as function of the lightning current I . 33
Table B.1 – Parameters for Equation (B.1) . 38
Table C.1 – Test parameters of the first positive impulse .
...
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