IEC GUIDE 114:2005

Environmentally conscious design - Integrating environmental aspects into design and development of electrotechnical products

IEC Guide 114:2005 describes concepts relating to the integration of environmental aspects into electrotechnical product design and development. It is intended for use by all those involved in the design and development of products, regardless of organization type, size, location and complexity, and for all types of electrical and electronic equipment, whether new or modified. It is written for those directly involved in the process of product development and for those responsible for the policy and decision-making process within the organization.

Eco-conception - Intégration des aspects environnementaux dans la conception et le développement des produits électrotechniques

Le Guide CEI 114:2005 décrit des concepts relatifs à l'intégration des aspects environnementaux dans la conception et le développement de produits électrotechniques. Ce guide est destiné à tous ceux qui sont impliqués dans la conception et le développement de produits - quels que soient le type, la taille, le lieu et la complexité de l'organisme - et ce, pour tout type d'équipement électrique et électronique, nouveau ou modifié. Il a été rédigé pour tous ceux qui sont directement concernés par le processus de développement de produits et pour tous ceux qui sont responsables de la politique et de la prise de décision dans un organisme.

General Information

• Status: Replaced
• Publication Date: 26-May-2005
• ICS: 13.020.01 - Environment and environmental protection in general
• Technical Committee: ACEA - ADVISORY COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
• Current Stage: WPUB - Publication withdrawn
• Completion Date: 10-Feb-2009

Relations

• Replaced By: IEC 62430:2009 - Environmentally conscious design for electrical and electronic products
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL
GUIDE
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
First edition
2005-05
Environmentally conscious design –
Integrating environmental aspects
into design and development
of electrotechnical products
Reference number
GUIDE 114:2005(E)
Publication numbering
As from 1 January 1997 all IEC publications are issued with a designation in the

60000 series. For example, IEC 34-1 is now referred to as IEC 60034-1.

Consolidated editions
The IEC is now publishing consolidated versions of its publications. For example,

edition numbers 1.0, 1.1 and 1.2 refer, respectively, to the base publication, the

base publication incorporating amendment 1 and the base publication incorporating

amendments 1 and 2.
Further information on IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC,
thus ensuring that the content reflects current technology. Information relating to
this publication, including its validity, is available in the IEC Catalogue of
publications (see below) in addition to new editions, amendments and corrigenda.
Information on the subjects under consideration and work in progress undertaken
by the technical committee which has prepared this publication, as well as the list
of publications issued, is also available from the following:
• IEC Web Site (www.iec.ch)
• Catalogue of IEC publications
The on-line catalogue on the IEC web site (www.iec.ch/searchpub) enables you to
search by a variety of criteria including text searches, technical committees
and date of publication. On-line information is also available on recently issued
publications, withdrawn and replaced publications, as well as corrigenda.
• IEC Just Published
This summary of recently issued publications (www.iec.ch/online_news/ justpub)
is also available by email. Please contact the Customer Service Centre (see
below) for further information.
• Customer Service Centre
If you have any questions regarding this publication or need further assistance,
please contact the Customer Service Centre:

Email: [e-mail]
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
INTERNATIONAL
GUIDE
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
First edition
2005-05
Environmentally conscious design –
Integrating environmental aspects
into design and development
of electrotechnical products
 IEC 2005  Copyright - all rights reserved
No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: [phone] Telefax: [phone] E-mail: [e-mail] Web: www.iec.ch
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale S
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
For price, see current catalogue

– 2 – Guide 114  IEC:2005(E)
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

___________
ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS DESIGN –

INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS INTO DESIGN

AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROTECHNICAL PRODUCTS

FOREWORD
This first edition of IEC Guide 114 has been prepared in accordance with Annex A of Part 1 of
the ISO/IEC Directives by the Advisory Committee on Environmental Aspects (ACEA).
The text of this guide is based on the following documents:
Approval document Report on voting

C/1357/DV C/1369/RV
Full information on the voting for the approval of this guide can be found in the report on vot-
ing indicated in the above table.

Guide 114  IEC:2005(E) – 3 –
INTRODUCTION
Every product has an effect on the environment, which may occur at any or all stages of its

life cycle  raw-material acquisition, manufacture, distribution, use, and disposal. These

effects may range from slight to significant; they may be short-term or long-term; and they

may occur at the local, regional or global level (or a combination thereof).

The interest of customers, users, developers and others in the environmental aspects and

effects of products is increasing. The information provided by this document may also be of

interest to external stakeholders who are not directly involved in the product design and

development process.
Anticipating or identifying the environmental aspects of a product throughout its life cycle may
be complex. The environmental aspects of a product must also be balanced against other
factors, such as its intended use, performance, safety and health, cost, marketability, quality,
and legal and regulatory requirements. It is important to consider its function within the
context of the system where it will be used.
The process of integrating environmental aspects into product design and development must
be continuous and flexible, promoting creativity and maximizing innovation and opportunities
for environmental improvement. As a basis for this integration, environmental issues may be
addressed in the policies and strategies of the organization involved.
Early identification and planning enable organizations to make effective decisions about
environmental aspects that they control and to understand better how their decisions may
affect environmental aspects controlled by others  for example, at the raw-material
acquisition or end-of-life stages.
The widespread use of electrotechnical products has drawn increased attention to their
effects on the environment. In many countries all over the world, this has resulted in the
adoption of electrical and electronic equipment regulations affecting wastes, hazardous
substances and energy efficiency.
The purpose of this document is to help designers of electrotechnical products appropriately
to manage related environmental issues within the design process. Principles of integrating
environmental aspects into product design and development have been described in
ISO 14062. Though electrotechnical products have some specific features which have given
rise to the present document, some aspects of ISO 14062 have been taken up in this
document to make it capable of standing alone.
Subsequent sector-specific design documents may be developed to address specific sector

needs not covered in this document.

– 4 – Guide 114  IEC:2005(E)
ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS DESIGN –

INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS INTO DESIGN

AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROTECHNICAL PRODUCTS

1 Scope
IEC Guide 114 describes concepts relating to the integration of environmental aspects into
electrotechnical product design and development. It is intended for use by all those involved

in the design and development of products, regardless of organization type, size, location and

complexity, and for all types of electrical and electronic equipment, whether new or modified.
It is written for those directly involved in the process of product development and for those
responsible for the policy and decision-making process within the organization.
2 Reference documents
ISO 1043 (all parts), Plastics – Symbols and abbreviated terms
ISO 9000:2000, Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO 11469:2000, Plastics – Generic identification and marking of plastics products
ISO 14001:1996, Environmental management systems – Specification with guidance for use
ISO 14040:1997, Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and
framework
ISO/TR 14062:2002, Environmental management – Integrating environmental aspects into
product design and development
IEC Guide 109:2003, Environmental aspects – Inclusion in electrotechnical product standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
consumable
user-replaceable part or piece of equipment that manufacturers place on the market for direct
sale for use in equipment
NOTE Examples of consumables include printer cartridges and photographic films.
3.2
design and development
set of processes that transform requirements into specified characteristics or into the
specification of a product, process or system
NOTE 1 The terms "design" and "development" are sometimes used synonymously and sometimes used to define
different stages of the overall process of turning an idea into a product.
[ISO 9000:2000, definition 3.4.4]
NOTE 2 Product development is the process of taking a product idea from planning to market launch and
reviewing the product, in which business strategies, marketing considerations, research methods and design
aspects are used to take a product to a point of practical use. It includes improvements or modifications to existing
products or processes.
Guide 114  IEC:2005(E) – 5 –
3.3
design specification
specification which describes how to meet the functional requirements that are set by the

performance specification
3.4
environment
surroundings in which a product operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora,

fauna, humans and their interrelation

NOTE Surroundings in this context extend from within a product to the global system.

[ISO 14001:1996, definition 3.2]
3.5
environmental aspect
element of an organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the
environment
NOTE A significant environmental aspect is an environmental aspect that has or can have a significant
environmental impact
[ISO 14001:1996, definition 3.3]
3.6
environmental impact
any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partly resulting from
an organization's activities, products or services
[ISO 14001:1996, definition 3.4]
3.7
field replaceable unit
part, component or subassembly that is easily removed (mechanically disjointed) using
ordinary tools
NOTE “Easily removed” consists of using ordinary tools to perform such functions as screwing or disconnecting,
and only without irreversibly destroying the unit.
3.8
life cycle
consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw-material acquisition or
generation of natural resources to the final disposal
[ISO 14040:1997, definition 3.8]

3.9
life cycle assessment (LCA)
compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a
product system throughout its life cycle
[ISO 14040:1997, definition 3.9]
3.10
performance specification
specification, based on the requirement specification, which defines the functional
requirements, the context in which the product must operate, and interface and
interchangeability characteristics
NOTE It does not state the methods for achieving the required results.

– 6 – Guide 114  IEC:2005(E)
3.11
process
set of interrelated or interacting activities which transform inputs into outputs

NOTE 1 Inputs to a process are generally outputs of other processes.

NOTE 2 Processes in an organization are generally planned and carried out under controlled conditions to add
value.
[ISO 9000:2000, definition 3.4.1]

3.12
product system
collection of materially and energetically connected unit processes which performs one or
more defined functions
[ISO 14040:1997, definition 3.15]
3.13
requirement specification
specification of the requirements that the product has to fulfil; describes which user groups
are aimed at and what basic functions the product should have
4 Strategic considerations
4.1 Goal and potential benefits
The goal of integrating environmental aspects into product design and development is the
reduction of adverse environmental impacts of the product throughout its entire life cycle. In
striving towards this goal, multiple benefits can be achieved for the organization, its
competitiveness, its customers and other stakeholders. Potential benefits may include
• lower costs by optimizing the use of materials and energy, more efficient processes,
reduced waste disposal;
• stimulation of innovation and creativity;
• increase in knowledge about the product, thus facilitating further improvements;
• reduction of risks, such as avoiding non-compliance to regulations or risks of increased
costs for end-of-life treatment due to hazardous substances.
4.2 Organizational considerations
The existing policies, strategies and structure of an organization usually take account of their
socio-economic context (for example, new regulations on wastes and on substances) and of

their stakeholders (customers, competitors, suppliers, etc.). It is important to consider this
context, because it may have economic and environmental implications for the organization
and can provide valuable guidelines for the integration of environmental aspects into product
design and development.
4.3 Product-related considerations
Integration of environmental aspects into product design and development should consider
the following product-related issues:
• early integration, i.e. address the environmental aspects early in the design and
development process;
• product life cycle, i.e. analyse from raw-material acquisition to end of life (see Figure 1);
• functionality, i.e. how well the product suits the purpose for which it is intended in terms of
usability, useful lifetime, reliability, appearance, etc.;

Guide 114  IEC:2005(E) – 7 –
• multi-criteria, i.e. consideration of all relevant environmental impacts and aspects;

• consideration of trade-offs in the process of seeking optimal solutions.

These issues are discussed in more detail in 4.3.2.

4.3.1 General considerations on product-related environmental aspects and impacts

This clause gives a global overview of product-related environmental aspects and impacts,

basic issues and strategic environmental objectives.

Products may have a range of environmental aspects (for example, emissions generated,

resources consumed) that result in environmental impacts (for example, air, water and soil
pollution, climate change).
The environmental impacts of a product are largely determined by the material and energy
inputs and outputs generated at all stages of its life cycle (see
...

IEC GUIDE 114
Edition 1.0 2005-05
GUIDE
GUIDE
Environmentally conscious design – Integrating environmental aspects into
design and development of electrotechnical products

Eco-conception – Intégration des aspects environnementaux dans la conception
et le développement des produits électrotechniques

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either IEC or

IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester.
If you have any questions about IEC copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication,
please contact the address below or your local IEC member National Committee for further information.

Droits de reproduction réservés. Sauf indication contraire, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite
ni utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie
et les microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de la CEI ou du Comité national de la CEI du pays du demandeur.

Si vous avez des questions sur le copyright de la CEI ou si vous désirez obtenir des droits supplémentaires sur cette

publication, utilisez les coordonnées ci-après ou contactez le Comité national de la CEI de votre pays de résidence.

IEC Central Office
3, rue de Varembé
CH-1211 Geneva 20
Switzerland
Email: [e-mail]
Web: www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.

About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
ƒ Catalogue of IEC publications: www.iec.ch/searchpub
The IEC on-line Catalogue enables you to search by a variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical committee,…).
It also gives information on projects, withdrawn and replaced publications.
ƒ IEC Just Published: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Stay up to date on all new IEC publications. Just Published details twice a month all new publications released. Available
on-line and also by email.
ƒ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and electrical terms containing more than 20 000 terms and definitions
in English and French, with equivalent terms in additional languages. Also known as the International Electrotechnical
Vocabulary online.
ƒ Customer Service Centre: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv
If you wish to give us your feedback on this publication or need further assistance, please visit the Customer Service
Centre FAQ or contact us:
Email: [e-mail]
Tel.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
A propos de la CEI
La Commission Electrotechnique Internationale (CEI) est la première organisation mondiale qui élabore et publie des
normes internationales pour tout ce qui a trait à l'électricité, à l'électronique et aux technologies apparentées.

A propos des publications CEI
Le contenu technique des publications de la CEI est constamment revu. Veuillez vous assurer que vous possédez
l’édition la plus récente, un corrigendum ou amendement peut avoir été publié.
ƒ Catalogue des publications de la CEI: www.iec.ch/searchpub/cur_fut-f.htm
Le Catalogue en-ligne de la CEI vous permet d’effectuer des recherches en utilisant différents critères (numéro de référence,
texte, comité d’études,…). Il donne aussi des informations sur les projets et les publications retirées ou remplacées.
ƒ Just Published CEI: www.iec.ch/online_news/justpub
Restez informé sur les nouvelles publications de la CEI. Just Published détaille deux fois par mois les nouvelles
publications parues. Disponible en-ligne et aussi par email.
ƒ Electropedia: www.electropedia.org
Le premier dictionnaire en ligne au monde de termes électroniques et électriques. Il contient plus de 20 000 termes et
définitions en anglais et en français, ainsi que les termes équivalents dans les langues additionnelles. Egalement appelé
Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International en ligne.
ƒ Service Clients: www.iec.ch/webstore/custserv/custserv_entry-f.htm
Si vous désirez nous donner des commentaires sur cette publication ou si vous avez des questions, visitez le FAQ du
Service clients ou contactez-nous:
Email: [e-mail]
Tél.: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
IEC GUIDE 114
Edition 1.0 2005-05
GUIDE
GUIDE
Environmentally conscious design – Integrating environmental aspects into
design and development of electrotechnical products

Eco-conception – Intégration des aspects environnementaux dans la conception
et le développement des produits électrotechniques

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
S
CODE PRIX
ICS 13.020 ISBN 2-8318-9981-8
– 2 – Guide 114 © IEC:2005
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION

___________
ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS DESIGN –

INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS INTO DESIGN

AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROTECHNICAL PRODUCTS

FOREWORD
This first edition of IEC Guide 114 has been prepared in accordance with Annex A of Part 1 of
the ISO/IEC Directives by the Advisory Committee on Environmental Aspects (ACEA).
This bilingual version, published in 2008-10, corresponds to the English version.
The text of this guide is based on the following documents:
Approval document Report on voting

C/1357/DV C/1369/RV
Full information on the voting for the approval of this guide can be found in the report on vot-
ing indicated in the above table.
The French version of this Guide has not been voted upon.

Guide 114 © IEC:2005 – 3 –
INTRODUCTION
Every product has an effect on the environment, which may occur at any or all stages of its

life cycle  raw-material acquisition, manufacture, distribution, use, and disposal. These

effects may range from slight to significant; they may be short-term or long-term; and they

may occur at the local, regional or global level (or a combination thereof).

The interest of customers, users, developers and others in the environmental aspects and

effects of products is increasing. The information provided by this guide may also be of

interest to external stakeholders who are not directly involved in the product design and

development process.
Anticipating or identifying the environmental aspects of a product throughout its life cycle may
be complex. The environmental aspects of a product must also be balanced against other
factors, such as its intended use, performance, safety and health, cost, marketability, quality,
and legal and regulatory requirements. It is important to consider its function within the
context of the system where it will be used.
The process of integrating environmental aspects into product design and development must
be continuous and flexible, promoting creativity and maximizing innovation and opportunities
for environmental improvement. As a basis for this integration, environmental issues may be
addressed in the policies and strategies of the organization involved.
Early identification and planning enable organizations to make effective decisions about
environmental aspects that they control and to understand better how their decisions may
affect environmental aspects controlled by others  for example, at the raw-material
acquisition or end-of-life stages.
The widespread use of electrotechnical products has drawn increased attention to their
effects on the environment. In many countries all over the world, this has resulted in the
adoption of electrical and electronic equipment regulations affecting wastes, hazardous
substances and energy efficiency.
The purpose of this guide is to help designers of electrotechnical products appropriately to
manage related environmental issues within the design process. Principles of integrating
environmental aspects into product design and development have been described in
ISO 14062. Though electrotechnical products have some specific features which have given
rise to the present guide, some aspects of ISO 14062 have been taken up in this guide to
make it capable of standing alone.
Subsequent sector-specific design documents may be developed to address specific sector

needs not covered in this guide.

– 4 – Guide 114 © IEC:2005
ENVIRONMENTALLY CONSCIOUS DESIGN –

INTEGRATING ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS INTO DESIGN

AND DEVELOPMENT OF ELECTROTECHNICAL PRODUCTS

1 Scope
IEC Guide 114 describes concepts relating to the integration of environmental aspects into
electrotechnical product design and development. It is intended for use by all those involved

in the design and development of products, regardless of organization type, size, location and

complexity, and for all types of electrical and electronic equipment, whether new or modified.
It is written for those directly involved in the process of product development and for those
responsible for the policy and decision-making process within the organization.
2 Reference documents
ISO 1043 (all parts), Plastics – Symbols and abbreviated terms
ISO 9000:2000, Quality management systems – Fundamentals and vocabulary
ISO 11469:2000, Plastics – Generic identification and marking of plastics products
ISO 14001:1996, Environmental management systems – Specification with guidance for use
ISO 14040:1997, Environmental management – Life cycle assessment – Principles and
framework
ISO/TR 14062:2002, Environmental management – Integrating environmental aspects into
product design and development
IEC Guide 109:2003, Environmental aspects – Inclusion in electrotechnical product standards
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
consumable
user-replaceable part or piece of equipment that manufacturers place on the market for direct
sale for use in equipment
NOTE Examples of consumables include printer cartridges and photographic films.
3.2
design and development
set of processes that transform requirements into specified characteristics or into the
specification of a product, process or system
NOTE 1 The terms "design" and "development" are sometimes used synonymously and sometimes used to define
different stages of the overall process of turning an idea into a product.
[ISO 9000:2000, definition 3.4.4]
NOTE 2 Product development is the process of taking a product idea from planning to market launch and
reviewing the product, in which business strategies, marketing considerations, research methods and design
aspects are used to take a product to a point of practical use. It includes improvements or modifications to existing
products or processes.
Guide 114 © IEC:2005 – 5 –
3.3
design specification
specification which describes how to meet the functional requirements that are set by the

performance specification
3.4
environment
surroundings in which a product operates, including air, water, land, natural resources, flora,

fauna, humans and their interrelation

NOTE Surroundings in this context extend from within a product to the global system.

[ISO 14001:1996, definition 3.2]
3.5
environmental aspect
element of an organization's activities, products or services that can interact with the
environment
NOTE A significant environmental aspect is an environmental aspect that has or can have a significant
environmental impact
[ISO 14001:1996, definition 3.3]
3.6
environmental impact
any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partly resulting from
an organization's activities, products or services
[ISO 14001:1996, definition 3.4]
3.7
field replaceable unit
part, component or subassembly that is easily removed (mechanically disjointed) using
ordinary tools
NOTE “Easily removed” consists of using ordinary tools to perform such functions as screwing or disconnecting,
and only without irreversibly destroying the unit.
3.8
life cycle
consecutive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw-material acquisition or
generation of natural resources to the final disposal
[ISO 14040:1997, definition 3.8]

3.9
life cycle assessment (LCA)
compilation and evaluation of the inputs, outputs and the potential environmental impacts of a
product system throughout its life cycle
[ISO 14040:1997, definition 3.9]
3.10
performance specification
specification, based on the requirement specification, which defines the functional
requirements, the context in which the product must operate, and interface and
interchangeability characteristics
NOTE It does not state the methods for achieving the required results.

– 6 – Guide 114 © IEC:2005
3.11
process
set of interrelated or interacting activities which transform inputs into outputs

NOTE 1 Inputs to a process are generally outputs of other processes.

NOTE 2 Processes in an organization are generally planned and carried out under controlled conditions to add
value.
[ISO 9000:2000, definition 3.4.1]

3.12
product system
collection of materially and energetically connected unit processes which performs one or
more defined functions
[ISO 14040:1997, definition 3.15]
3.13
requirement specification
specification of the requirements that the product has to fulfil; describes which user groups
are aimed at and what basic functions the product should have
4 Strategic considerations
4.1 Goal and potential benefits
The goal of integrating environmental aspects into product design and development is the
reduction of adverse environmental impacts of the product throughout its entire life cycle. In
striving towards this goal, multiple benefits can be achieved for the organization, its
competitiveness, its customers and other stakeholders. Potential benefits may include
• lower
...