IEC 60811-406:2012

Electric and optical fibre cables - Test methods for non-metallic materials - Part 406: Miscellaneous tests - Resistance to stress cracking of polyethylene and polypropylene compounds

IEC 60811-406:2012 gives the procedure for evaluating the resistance to stress cracking of polyethylene and polypropylene compounds which are typically used for communication and optical fibre cables. IEC 60811-406:2012 cancels and replaces Clause 8 of IEC 60811-4-1:2004, which is withdrawn. Full details of the replacements are shown in Annex A of IEC 60811-100:2012. There are no specific technical changes with respect to the previous edition, but see the Foreword to IEC 60811-100:2012.
This publication is to be read in conjunction with IEC 60811-100:2012.

Câbles électriques et à fibres optiques - Méthodes d'essai pour les matériaux non-métalliques - Partie 406: Essais divers - Résistance des mélanges polyéthylène et polypropylène aux craquelures

La CEI 60811-406:2012 décrit la procédure à suivre pour évaluer la résistance des mélanges polyéthylène et polypropylène aux craquelures. Ces mélanges sont généralement utilisés pour les câbles de communication et les câbles à fibres optiques. La CEI 60811-406:2012 annule et remplace l'Article 8 de la CEI 60811-4-1:2004, qui est supprimée. L'ensemble des informations relatives aux remplacements figure dans l'Annexe A de la CEI 60811-100:2012. Aucune modification technique n'a été effectuée par rapport à l'édition précédente; voir cependant l'avant-propos de la CEI 60811-100:2012.
Cette publication doit être lue conjointement avec la CEI 60811-100:2012.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 11-Mar-2012
• ICS: 29.035.01 - Insulating materials in general
• ICS: 29.060.20 - Cables
• Technical Committee: TC 20 - Electric cables
• Drafting Committee: WG 17 - TC 20/WG 17
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 12-Mar-2012
• Completion Date: 31-Mar-2012

Relations

• Replaces: IEC 60811-4-1:2004 - Insulating and sheathing materials of electric and optical cables - Common test methods - Part 4-1: Methods specific to polyethylene and polypropylene compounds - Resistance to environmental stress cracking - Measurement of the melt flow index - Carbon black and/or mineral filler content measurement in polyethylene by direct combustion - Measurement of carbon black content by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) - Assessment of carbon black dispersion in polyethylene using a microscope
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60811-406 ®
Edition 1.0 2012-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electric and optical fibre cables – Test methods for non-metallic materials –
Part 406: Miscellaneous tests – Resistance to stress cracking of polyethylene
and polypropylene compounds
Câbles électriques et à fibres optiques – Méthodes d’essai pour les matériaux
non-métalliques –
Partie 406: Essais divers – Résistance des mélanges polyéthylène et
polypropylène aux craquelures
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IEC 60811-406 ®
Edition 1.0 2012-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Electric and optical fibre cables – Test methods for non-metallic materials –

Part 406: Miscellaneous tests – Resistance to stress cracking of polyethylene

and polypropylene compounds
Câbles électriques et à fibres optiques – Méthodes d’essai pour les matériaux

non-métalliques –
Partie 406: Essais divers – Résistance des mélanges polyéthylène et

polypropylène aux craquelures
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX P
ICS 29.035.01; 29.060.20 ISBN 978-2-88912-966-9

– 2 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 3
INTRODUCTION . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Test method . 6
4.1 General . 6
4.2 Method A . 7
4.2.1 Reagent. 7
4.2.2 Apparatus . 7
4.2.3 Test pieces preparation . 8
4.2.4 Test procedure . 8
4.2.5 Evaluation of results . 8
4.3 Method B . 9
4.3.1 Reagent. 9
4.3.2 Apparatus . 9
4.3.3 Test pieces preparation . 9
4.3.4 Test procedure . 9
4.3.5 Evaluation of results . 9
5 Test report. 9
Annex A (normative) Test sheet preparation . 13
Annex B (informative) Tools and reagents. 15
Bibliography . 16

Figure 1 – Notching device . 10
Figure 2 – Blade . 10
Figure 3 – Bend clamp assembly . 11
Figure 4 – Transfer tool assembly . 11
Figure 5 – Brass channel test piece holder . 11
Figure 6 – Test tube with inserted brassw channel test piece holder as in 4.2.2 h)),
containing ten test pieces . 12
Figure 7 – Notched test pieces . 12

Table 1 – Summary of test conditions and requirements . 7
Table 2 – Notched test pieces size according to polyethylene density . 8

60811-406  IEC:2012 – 3 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTRIC AND OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES –
TEST METHODS FOR NON-METALLIC MATERIALS –

Part 406: Miscellaneous tests –
Resistance to stress cracking of polyethylene
and polypropylene compounds
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60811-406 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 20:
Electric cables.
This Part 406 of IEC 60811 cancels and replaces Clause 8 of IEC 60811-4-1:2004, which is
withdrawn. Full details of the replacements are shown in Annex A of IEC 60811-100:2012.
There are no specific technical changes with respect to the previous edition, but see the
Foreword to IEC 60811-100:2012.

– 4 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
20/1290/FDIS 20/1339/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
This part of IEC 60811 shall be used in conjunction with IEC 60811-100.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 60811 series, published under the general title Electric and
optical fibre cables – Test methods for non-metallic materials, can be found on the IEC
website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
60811-406  IEC:2012 – 5 –
INTRODUCTION
The IEC 60811 series specifies the test methods to be used for testing non-metallic materials
of all types of cables. These test methods are intended to be referenced in standards for
cable construction and for cable materials.
NOTE 1 Non-metallic materials are typically used for insulating, sheathing, bedding, filling or taping within cables.
NOTE 2 These test methods are accepted as basic and fundamental and have been developed and used over
many years principally for the materials in all energy cables. They have also been widely accepted and used for
other cables, in particular optical fibre cables, communication and control cables and cables for ships and offshore
applications.
– 6 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
ELECTRIC AND OPTICAL FIBRE CABLES –
TEST METHODS FOR NON-METALLIC MATERIALS –

Part 406: Miscellaneous tests –
Resistance to stress cracking of polyethylene
and polypropylene compounds
1 Scope
This Part 406 of IEC 60811 gives the procedure for evaluating the resistance to stress
cracking of polyethylene and polypropylene compounds which are typically used for
communication and optical fibre cables.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60811-100:2012, Electric and optical fibre cables – Test methods for non-metallic
materials – Part 100: General
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60811-100 apply.
4 Test method
4.1 General
This part of IEC 60811 shall be used in conjunction with IEC 60811-100.
Unless otherwise specified, tests shall be carried out at room temperature.
Two test procedures can be applied to materials, depending on cable system conditions and
environments; a summary of test conditions is given in Table 1:
– for less severe conditions: Method A;
– for more severe conditions: Method B.
These test procedures apply only to the original granules used as sheathing materials.

60811-406  IEC:2012 – 7 –
Table 1 – Summary of test conditions and requirements
Conditions and/or requirements Method A Method B
Preparation of the test sheets:
– Temperature °C 165 to 170
– Force kN 50 to 200
– Time min 2
Conditioning of test sheets:
a
– Temperature range °C See
– Cooling rate K/h 5 ± 2
Test conditions:
100 10
b
– Reagent – Concentration %
– Temperature °C 50,0 ± 0,5
– Duration (minimum)  h 24 48

Requirements:
– Failure rate Max. 5 test pieces
0 test pieces
(F 50)
(F 0)
a
Starting temperature varies according to polymer type:
- (145 ± 2) °C for low-density polyethylene;
- (155 ± 2) °C for medium-density polyethylene;
- (165 ± 2) °C for high-density polyethylene.
Final temperature (29 ± 1) °C.
b
Igepal CO-630 or any other reagent having the same chemical composition.

4.2 Method A
4.2.1 Reagent
The reagent is a solution of 100 % Igepal CO-630 (Antarox CO-630) or any other reagent
having the same chemical composition (see Notes 1 and 2 below and Annex B).
NOTE 1 The reagent should not be used more than once.
NOTE 2 In the case of unexpectedly short failure times, the reagent should be checked for water content as small
increases in water content beyond the specified maximum of 1 % will cause a significant increase in reagent
activity.
4.2.2 Apparatus
The apparatus shall comprise the following elements:
a) Clean, sharp, undamaged blanking die with blanking press suitable for cutting test pieces
(38,0 ± 2,5) mm × (13,0 ± 0,8) mm or other suitable devices.
b) Dial gauge, with plane gauging faces 4 mm to 8 mm in diameter and a gauging pressure
2 2
of 5 N/cm to 8 N/cm .
c) Notching devices as in Figure 1 with blades as in Figure 2.
NOTE The blade is made of “Gem” blades as in Figure 2 – see also Annex A.
d) Bending clamp assembly as in Figure 3 with a vice or other suitable device ensuring the
symmetrical closing of the clamping jaws.
e) Transfer tool assembly as in Figure 4 for shifting in one operation the bent test piece(s)
from the bending clamp to the brass channel.
f) Brass channel test piece holder as in Figure 5 for accommodating ten bent test pieces.

– 8 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
g) Hard glass test tubes (L = 200 mm, Ø 32 mm) for accommodating the brass channel test
piece holder with the bent test pieces. The tubes are plugged by suitable aluminium foil
wrapped corks (see Figure 6).
h) A heated container of sufficient size and depth to accept racks which will hold the filled
test tubes (see Figure 6). The temperature shall be maintained at (50 ± 0,5) °C by means
of suitable equipment and the thermal capacity shall be high enough to ensure that the
temperature does not drop below 49 °C even when the test tubes are inserted.
4.2.3 Test pieces preparation
Using the blanking die and blanking press as in 4.2.2 a) or other suitable devices, ten test
pieces according to Table 2 and Figure 7 shall be cut from the test sheet more than 25 mm
from the edges of the sheet, prepared according to Annex A, so that the web between the
holes after removal of the test pieces is not damaged during handling.
The thickness of the test pieces determined using the dial gauge as in 4.2.2 b) shall be in
accordance with Table 2 and Figure 7. The test pieces shall be cut with square edges.
Bevelled edges may lead to erroneous results.
Table 2 – Notched test pieces size according to polyethylene density
b
Density of PE-sheathing A B C D
a
compounds
mm mm mm mm
38,0 ± 2,5 13,0 ± 0,8 3,00 to 3,30 0,50 to 0,65
≤0,940 g/cm
38,0 ± 2,5 13,0 ± 0,8 1,75 to 2,0 0,30 to 0,40
>0,940 g/cm
a
The density is for the unfilled resin, according to Clause 5 of IEC 60811-100:2012.
b
The depth D shall be uniform along its length.
4.2.4 Test procedure
Shortly before placing into the reagent, each of the test pieces shall be given a notch (see
Figure 7) using the notching device as in 4.2.2 c). The blade shall be neither dull nor
damaged and, therefore, shall be replaced as required. Even under favourable conditions, it
should not be used for more than 100 notches.
Ten test pieces shall then be placed, with the notch up, in the bending clamp as in 4.2.2 d)
The clamp shall be closed for 30 s to 35 s by means of a vice or a motor-driven arbor press at
a constant speed.
The bent test pieces shall be lifted with the transfer tool as in 4.2.2 e) from the bending clamp
and placed in the brass channel as in 4.2.2 f). If some test pieces are riding too high in the
holder, they shall be forced down by manual pressure.
The holder shall be inserted in a tube as in 4.2.2 g), 5 min to 10 min after the test pieces have
been bent. The test tube shall be filled with the appropriate reagent as in 4.2.1 until all the
test pieces are covered by the liquid, and shall be closed by a cork.
The filled test tube shall be placed immediately in a rack in the heated container as in 4.2.2 h)
during 24 h. Care shall be taken so that the test pieces do not touch the test tube during the
test. The moment of insertion in the heated container shall be noted.
4.2.5 Evaluation of results
In general, stress cracking starts at the notch and runs at right angles to it. The first sign of a
crack when examined with normal or corrected vision without magnification, constitutes a
failure of the test piece.
60811-406  IEC:2012 – 9 –
After 24 h, in the heated container no more than five test pieces shall have failed. If six test
pieces have failed, the test is to be considered as not passed. The test may be repeated once
using ten test pieces from a new test sheet and no more than five test pieces shall fail.
4.3 Method B
4.3.1 Reagent
The reagent is a solution of 10 % solution (by volume) in water of Igepal CO-630 (Antarox
CO-630) or any other reagent having the same chemical composition (see Notes 1, 2 and 3
below and Annex B).
NOTE 1 The reagent should not be used more than once.
NOTE 2 In the case of unexpectedly short failure times, the reagent should be checked for water content as small
increases in water content beyond the specified maximum of 1 % will cause a significant increase in reagent
activity.
NOTE 3 Water solution of Igepal CO-630 or similar material should be prepared by paddle-stirring the mixture
at 60 °C to 70 °C for at least 1 h. The solution should be used within one week of preparation.
4.3.2 Apparatus
See 4.2.2
4.3.3 Test pieces preparation
See 4.2.3
4.3.4 Test procedure
Follow the test procedure as described in 4.2.4, but the test tube shall be filled with reagent
as in 4.3.1 until all the test pieces are covered by the liquid and shall be closed by a cork.
The filled test tube shall be placed immediately in a rack in the heated container as in 4.2.2 h)
during 48 h. Care shall be taken so that the test pieces do not touch the test tube during the
test. The moment of insertion in the heated container shall be noted.
4.3.5 Evaluation of results
In general, stress cracking starts at the notch and runs at right angles to it. The first sign of a
crack, when examined with normal or corrected vision without magnification, constitutes a
failure of the test piece.
After 48 h in the heated container, no test pieces shall have failed. If one test piece has
failed, the test is to be considered as not passed. The test may be repeated once using ten
test pieces from a new sheet and no test piece shall fail.
5 Test report
The test report shall be in accordance with that given in IEC 60811-100.

– 10 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
Figure 1 – Notching device
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 – Blade
60811-406  IEC:2012 – 11 –
Key
1 rear clamp 4 guide bar
2 insert test piece 5 screw
3 front clamp
Figure 3 – Bend clamp assembly

Figure 4 – Transfer tool assembly

Dimensions in millimetres
NOTE The dimension (11,75 ± 0,05) mm is the channel internal width.
Figure 5 – Brass channel test piece holder

– 12 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
Figure 6 – Test tube with inserted brass channel test piece holder as in 4.2.2 h)),
containing ten test pieces
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 7 – Notched test pieces

60811-406  IEC:2012 – 13 –
Annex A
(normative)
Test sheet preparation
A.1 Apparatus
The apparatus shall comprise the following elements:
a) Heatable press for producing moulded test sheets, with platens which are larger than the
backing plates.
b) Two rigid metal backing plates (6,0 ± 0,5) mm thick and about 200 mm × 230 mm in area,
each drilled with a hole from one edge so that a temperature sensor can be located within
5 mm of the centre of the plate.
c) Two separator sheets, about 200 mm × 230 mm, for instance aluminium foil 0,1 mm
to 0,2 mm thick.
d) Suitable moulding chases for producing test sheets, 150 mm × 180 mm × (3,3 ± 0,1) mm
with internal corners rounded to a radius of 3 mm.
e) Electrically heated air oven with forced air circulation and programming device which
lowers temperature at a rate of (5,0 ± 0,5) K/h.
A.2 Preparation of the test sheets
For preparing a test, a clean separator foil as in Clause A.1 c) shall be placed on the backing
plate as in Clause A.1 b), the moulding chase as in Clause A.1 d). The chase shall be filled
with (90 ± 1) g of granules or mill-massed material forming a uniform layer on top of which the
second separator foil and then the second backing plate shall be placed. No release agent
shall be used.
The mould assembly shall be placed in the moulding press as in Clause A.1 a), preheated
to 170 °C, and the press shall be closed, using a force ≤1 kN.
When the temperature, as indicated by the sensors in the backing plate, has reached 165 °C
to 170 °C, a full force in the range 50 kN to 200 kN shall be applied to the mould by means of
the press, for a period of 2 min during which the sensors shall continue to indicate values in
the range 165 °C to 170 °C. On completion of the full force phase, the heating of the mould
assembly shall be stopped either by removing from the press or by fast cooling in the press
under full force.
A.3 Conditioning of the test sheets
Conditioning of test sheets shall be agreed between the interested parties since it may
substantially affect the test results. If such an agreement does not exist, the treatment given
in this clause shall be used as a reference treatment.
After removing the backing plates without disturbing the separator foil, the moulded test sheet
shall be placed in an oven, as in Clause A.1 e), so as to permit free circulation of air around
it. The moulding shall be well supported on thermally conducting horizontal surfaces and a
good contact maintained between the separator foils and the polyethylene.
The temperature, as measured not further than 5 mm above the centre of the horizontal
surface of the moulded sheet, shall then be controlled as follows:

– 14 – 60811-406  IEC:2012
The oven test temperature shall be maintained for 1 h at 145 °C ± 2 °C for low-density poly-
ethylene, 155 °C ± 2 °C for medium-density polyethylene, and 165 °C ± 2 °C for high-density
polyethylene. Cooling shall be at the rate of (5 ± 2) K /h until it reaches 29 °C ± 1 °C. It is also
permissible to cool the moulded test sheets while in the press. The actual cooling rate shall
be recorded by a graphical recorder.
NOTE Conditioning of the test sheets should be optional. In case of dispute, a conditioned specimen should be
used.
A.4 Visual examination of the test sheets
The sheet shall exhibit a smooth surface and shall not contain any bubbles, lumps or sink
marks except within 10 mm of the edge.

60811-406  IEC:2012 – 15 –
Annex B
(informative)
Tools and reagents
B.1 Tools
The tools indicated in 4.2.2 can be obtained from:
MM. Custom Scientific Instruments Inc.
1125 Convoy Place
Forks Township (Easton).
Philadelphia 18040. Pa.
USA
Detail drawings of the tools are obtainable from:
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)
...