ISO 16063-42:2014

Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers — Part 42: Calibration of seismometers with high accuracy using acceleration of gravity

ISO 16063-42:2014 specifies the instrumentation and procedure to be used for the accurate calibration of seismometer sensitivity using local gravitational acceleration (local Earth's gravitation; local value for the acceleration due to the Earth's gravity) as a reference value. It is intended generally to be applied to a servo-type accelerometer with/without a velocity output, which usually has a mass position output in the category of a wide-band seismometer with a bandwidth from 0,003 Hz to 100 Hz. The method specified enables the user to obtain static sensitivity for the seismometers up to 10−5 m/s2 (which corresponds to 1 mGal and approximately 1 ppm of the gravitational acceleration). The intended end-usage of the seismometer to be applied is: a) measurement and observation for the earth science including geophysics usage; b) measurement and observation for disaster prevention, such as detecting the precursor of a land slide; c) diagnosis for the soundness of a building structure and foundation soil in civil engineering; d) observation for nuclear-test detection.

Méthodes pour l'étalonnage des transducteurs de vibrations et de chocs — Partie 42: Étalonnage des diomomètres de haute exactitude utilisant l'accélération due à la pesanteur

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 03-Jul-2014
• ICS: 17.160 - Vibrations, shock and vibration measurements
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 108 - Mechanical vibration, shock and condition monitoring
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 108/WG 34 - Calibration of vibration and shock transducers
• Current Stage: 9020 - International Standard under periodical review
• Start Date: 15-Jul-2025
• Completion Date: 15-Jul-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 16063-42
First edition
2014-07-15
Methods for the calibration of
vibration and shock transducers —
Part 42:
Calibration of seismometers with high
accuracy using acceleration of gravity
Méthodes pour l’étalonnage des transducteurs de vibrations et de
chocs —
Partie 42: Étalonnage des diomomètres de haute exactitude utilisant
l’accélération due à la pesanteur
Reference number
©
ISO 2014
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Traceability of measurement . 1
4 Determination of local gravity . 2
4.1 Method using absolute gravimeter . 2
4.2 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network and
relative gravimeter . 2
4.3 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network . 2
5 Requirements for apparatus and environmental conditions . 2
5.1 Calibration environment . 2
5.2 Base and vibration environment (seismic block for calibration apparatus) . 2
5.3 Voltage-measuring instrumentation . 2
5.4 Tuneable low-pass filter . 3
5.5 Power supply . 3
5.6 Tilt table . 3
6 Method . 3
6.1 Calibration principle . 3
6.2 Calibration procedure . 5
7 Expression of results . 6
Annex A (normative) Expression of uncertainty of measurement in calibration .7
Annex B (informative) Traceability of calibration measurement of seismometer .8
Bibliography . 9
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition
monitoring, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibration and shock measuring instruments.
ISO 16063 consists of the following parts, under the general title Methods for the calibration of vibration
and shock transducers:
— Part 1: Basic concepts
— Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry
— Part 12: Primary vibration calibration by the reciprocity method
— Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry
— Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry
— Part 16: Calibration by Earth’s gravitation
— Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison to a reference transducer
— Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer
— Part 31: Testing of transverse vibration sensitivity
— Part 41: Calibration of laser vibrometers
— Part 42: Calibration of seismometers with high accuracy using acceleration of gravity
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 17: Primary calibration by centrifuge
— Part 32: Resonance testing — Testing the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers by means
of its excitation
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

— Part 33: Testing of magnetic field sensitivity
— Part 43: Calibration of accelerometers by model-based parameter identification
Angular vibration calibration by comparison to reference transducers, calibration of hand-held
accelerometer calibrators, and calibration of vibration transducers with built-in calibration coils are to
form the subjects of future parts 23, 44 and 45.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16063-42:2014(E)
Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock
transducers —
Part 42:
Calibration of seismometers with high accuracy using
acceleration of gravity
1 Scope
This part of ISO 16063 specifies the instrumentation and procedure to be used for the accurate
calibration of seismometer sensitivity using local gravitational acceleration (local Earth’s gravitation;
local value for the acceleration due to the Earth’s gravity) as a reference value.
It is intended generally to be applied to a servo-type accelerometer with/without a velocity output,
which usually has a mass position output in the category of a wide-band seismometer with a bandwidth
from 0,003 Hz to 100 Hz.
−5 2
The method specified enables the user to obtain static sensitivity for the seismometers up to 10 m/s
(which corresponds to 1 mGal and approximately 1 ppm of the gravitational acceleration).
The combined and expanded (k = 2) uncertainty of applied acceleration achieved by this method is
−6 2
10 m/s (0,1 mGal). When the absolute gravimeter described in this part of ISO 16063 is used, the
−8 2
uncertainty of applied acceleration can be suppressed to 5 × 10 m/s (5 μGal). The relative expanded
uncertainty of calibration, excluding the uncertainty due to the device under test (DUT), is 0,5 %.
The intended end-usage of the seismometer to be applied is as follows:
a) measurement and observation for the earth science including geophysics usage;
b) measurement and observation for disaster prevention, such as detecting the precursor of a land
slide;
c) diagnosis for the soundness of a building structure and foundation soil in civil engineering;
d) observation for nuclear-test detection.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IGSN-71, International Gravity Standardization Network 1971. (Morelli, 1974) Morelli, Carlo, ed., 1974,
The International Gravity Standardization Net 1971: International Association of Geodesy Special
Publication No. 4, 194p
3 Traceability of measurement
The traceability of measurement in this method is shown in Annex B.
4 Determination of local gravity
4.1 Method using absolute gravimeter
Determine the absolute local gravitational acceleration using a free-fall absolute gravimeter (FG-5 or
other apparatus). The uncertainty of the thus-obtained local gravitational acceleration is approximately
−8 2
5 × 10 m/s (5 μGal).
4.2 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network and relative
gravimeter
At a reference point where the local gravitational acceleration has been established from the IGSN-71, the
absolute local gravitational acceleration may be determined by using a relative gravimeter. In this case,
no correction for latitude and altitude is required. The value of uncertainty of the relative gravimeter is
to be specified by the manufacturer.
Geological survey institutes, meteorology institutes, geodetic surveys or geophysical institutions in each
country may provide measured values of smaller uncertainty than those in IGSN-71 and, if available,
those values may be used.
4.3 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network
Calculate the local gravitational acceleration based on the latitude and altitude of the point at which
measurements are to be conducted relative to the nearest geographical point in the IGSN-71 database.
−5 2
The uncertainty of the thus-obtained local gravitational acceleration is approximately 10 m/s
(1 mGal). Here, this is only applied to the case without any geometrical anomaly.
Geological survey institutes, meteorology institutes, geodetic surveys or geophysical institutions in each
country may provide measured values of smaller uncertainty than those in IGSN-71 and, if available,
those values may be used.
−6 2
Because an altitude difference of 1 m corresponds to a difference of approximately 3 × 10 m/s
(0,3 mGal), the uncertainty of altitude should be less than 2 m.
NOTE 1 The effect of a difference of 1° at a latitude of approximately 45° corresponds to approximately
−6 2
1 × 10 m/s (0,1 mGal).
NOTE 2 The local gravity map includes the values of the geoid and altitude components.
5 Requirements for apparatus and environmental conditions
5.1 Calibration environment
The standard reference atmospheric conditions are: (23 ± 3) °C and 75 % relative humidity maximum.
The temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure shall be measured and reported.
5.2 Base and vibration environment (seismic block for calibration apparatus)
The calibration apparatus shall be placed on a sufficiently heavy base which is sufficiently isolated from
the building vibration.
5.3 Voltage-measuring instrumentation
The relative expanded measurement uncertainty (k = 2) contribution of the voltmeter by which the
output voltage from the seismometer is measured shall be 0,1 % or less (see Table A.1).
2 © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

5.4 Tuneable low-pass filter
a) Cut-off frequency
The cutoff frequency shall be 10 Hz, 30 Hz or 60 Hz. The typical cutoff frequency is 30 Hz.
b) Attenuation rate (filter slopes)
The attenuation or insertion loss shall be 24 dB per octave or greater in the stopband of the filter.
5.5 Power supply
The stability of the power supply and the ratio of signal-to-noise shall be adequate to meet the
...

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 16063-42
ISO/TC 108/SC 3 Secretariat: DS
Voting begins on Voting terminates on

2013-05-20 2013-08-20
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION  •  МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ  •  ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION

Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock
transducers —
Part 42:
Calibration of seismometers with high accuracy using
acceleration of gravity
Méthodes pour l'étalonnage des transducteurs de vibrations et de chocs —
Partie 42: Étalonnage des diomomètres de haute exactitude utilisant l'accélération due à la pesanteur

ICS 17.160
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee
secretariat. ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at
publication stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.

THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©  International Organization for Standardization, 2013

ISO/DIS 16063-42
©  ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission.
Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail [e-mail]
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 16063-42
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Traceability of measurement.2
4 Determination of local gravity.2
4.1 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network.2
4.2 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network and relative gravimeter .2
4.3 Method using absolute gravimeter.2
5 Requirements for apparatus and environmental conditions.3
5.1 Calibration environment .3
5.2 Base and vibration environment (seismic block for calibration apparatus).3
5.3 Voltage-measuring instrumentation.3
5.4 Tunable low-pass filter.3
5.5 Power supply .3
5.6 Tilt table.3
6 Method.3
6.1 Calibration principle.3
6.2 Calibration procedure .4
7 Expression of results.5
Annex A (normative)  Expression of uncertainty of measurement in calibration.7
Annex B (informative) Traceablity of calibration measurement of seismometer.8
Bibliography.9

ISO/DIS 16063-42
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 16063-42 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration, shock and condition
monitoring, Subcommittee SC 3, Use and calibration of vibration and shock measuring instruments.
ISO 16063 consists of the following parts, under the general title Methods for the calibration of vibration and
shock transducers:
 Part 1: Basic concepts
 Part 11: Primary vibration calibration by laser interferometry
 Part 12: Primary vibration calibration by the reciprocity method
 Part 13: Primary shock calibration using laser interferometry
 Part 15: Primary angular vibration calibration by laser interferometry
 Part 21: Vibration calibration by comparison to a reference transducer
 Part 22: Shock calibration by comparison to a reference transducer
 Part 31: Testing of transverse vibration sensitivity
 Part 41: Calibration of laser vibrometers
The following parts are under preparation:
 Part 16: Calibration by Earth's graviation
 Part 32: Resonance testing – Testing the frequency and the phase response of accelerometers by means
of its excitation
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 16063-42

Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock
transducers — Part 42: Calibration of seismometers with high
accuracy using acceleration of gravity
1 Scope
This International Standard prescribes the instrumentation and procedure to be used for the accurate
calibration of seismometer sensitivity using local gravitational acceleration (local Earth’s gravitation; local
value for the acceleration due to the Earth’s gravity) as a reference value.
This International Standard should generally apply to a servo-type accelerometer with/without a velocity output,
as which usually has a mass position output, in the category of a wide-band seismometer with a bandwidth
from 0,003 Hz to 100 Hz.
The method described in this International Standard enables the users to obtain static sensitivity for the
-5 2
seismometers up to 10 m/s (which corresponds to 1 mGal and approximately 1 ppm of the gravitational
acceleration).
-6
The combined and expanded (k=2) uncertainty of applied acceleration achieved by these methods is 10
m/s (0,1 mGal). When the absolute gravimeter described in this document is used, the uncertainty of applied
-8 2
acceleration can be suppressed to 5 x 10 m/s (5 μGal). The relative uncertainty of calibration, excluding the
uncertainty due to the device under test (DUT), is 0,5 %.
The intended end-usage of the seismometer to be applied in this standard is as follows.
a) Measurement and observation for the earth science including geophysics usage;
b) Measurement and observation for the disaster prevention, such as detecting the precursor of a land slide;
c) Diagnosis for the soundness of a building structure and foundation soil in the civil engineering;
d) Observation for nuclear-test detection.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5347-5:1993, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock pick-ups – Part 5: Calibration by Earth’s
gravitation
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement – Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
1)
measurement (GUM:1995)
1) ISO/IEC Guide 98-3 is published as a reissue of the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM),
1995.
ISO/DIS 16063-42
International Gravity Standardization Network-1971 (IGSN-71) (Morelli, 1974) Morelli, Carlo, ed., 1974, The
International Gravity Standardization Net 1971: International Association of Geodesy Special Publication No. 4,
194p.
3 Traceability of measurement
The traceability of measurement in this method is shown in Annex A and Annex B.
4 Determination of local gravity
4.1 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network
Correct the latitude and altitude of the point at which measurements are to be conducted on the basis of the
reference position, where is a geographically nearest point to the intended point, and the point to determine
the local gravitational acceleration according to (IGSN-71).
-5 2
The uncertainty of the thus-obtained local gravitational acceleration is approximately 10 m/s (1 mGal). Here,
this is only applied to the case without any geometrical anomaly.
Geological survey institutes or meteorology institutes in each country may provide measured values of higher
precision than those on IGSN-71. If available, those values can be used.
-6 2
Because an altitude difference of 1 m corresponds to a difference of approximately 3×10 m/s (0,3 mGal),
the uncertainty of altitude should be less than 2 m.
-6 2
NOTE 1 An effect of 1 degree at a latitude of around 45 degree corresponds to approximately 1×10 m/s (0,1 mGal).
NOTE 2 An effect of a longitude of around 45 degrees is mainly dependent on geoid and altitude. The local gravity map
includes the values of the geoid and altitude components.
4.2 Method using gravitational acceleration standardization network and relative gravimeter
At the reference point, where the local gravitational acceleration has already been known from the IGSN-71,
determine the absolute local gravitational acceleration using the relative gravimeter. No correction of latitude
-5 2
and altitude is required. The uncertainty value (10 m/s (1 mGal)) of the relative gravimeter is defined by a
production company in manual.
Geological survey institutes or meteorology institutes in each country may provide measured values of higher
precision than those of IGSN-71. If available, those values can be used.
4.3 Method using absolute gravimeter
Determine the absolute local gravitational acceleration using a free-fall absolute gravimeter (FG-5 or other
-8 2
apparatus). The uncertainty of the thus-obtained local gravitational acceleration is approximately 5×10 m/s
(5 μGal).
2 © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved

ISO/DIS 16063-42
5 Requirements for apparatus and environmental conditions
5.1 Calibration environment
As reference atmosphere conditions, the atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa, the relative humidity is 50 %, and
o
the temperature is 23 C. The temperature and atmospheric pressure shall be measured.
5.2 Base and vibration environment (seismic block for calibration apparatus)
The calibration apparatus shall be placed on a sufficiently heavy base, the edges shall be separated from the
building in order to prevent effect from the motion of ground to measured data.
5.3 Voltage-measuring instrumentation
The relative measurement uncertainty of the voltmeter, with which the output voltage from the seismometer is

measured, shall be 0,1 % or smaller.
5.4 Tunable low-pass filter
a) Cut-off frequency: This shall be selected among 10 Hz, 30 Hz and 60 Hz. The normal cut-off frequency is
30 Hz.
b) Attenuation rate (filter slopes): This shall be 24 dB per octave or higher.
5.5 Power supply
The power supply shall have a sufficient stability and noise in comparison with the scale factor, by which the
sensitivity of the seismometer (voltmeter) is affected.
5.6 Tilt table
The resolution shall b
...