ISO 7240-7:2023
(Main)Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
Fire detection and alarm systems — Part 7: Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
This document specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type smoke detectors that operate using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization, for use in fire detection and alarm systems installed in buildings (see ISO 7240-1). This document also covers point-type smoke detectors that incorporate more than one smoke sensor operating on these principles. Additional requirements and test methods for such detectors are given in Annex N. For the testing of other types of smoke detectors, or smoke detectors working on different principles, this document is only intended to be used for guidance. This document is not applicable to smoke detectors with special characteristics, developed for specific risks. NOTE Certain types of detectors contain radioactive materials.
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie — Partie 7: Détecteurs de fumée ponctuels utilisant le principe de la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission de la lumière ou de l'ionisation
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7240-7
Fourth edition
2023-07
Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 7:
Point-type smoke detectors using
scattered light, transmitted light or
ionization
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie —
Partie 7: Détecteurs de fumée ponctuels utilisant le principe de
la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission de la lumière ou de
l'ionisation
Reference number
ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General requirements . 3
4.1 Conformance . 3
4.2 Response threshold value of detectors using scattered or transmitted light . 3
4.3 Individual alarm indication . 3
4.4 Connection of ancillary devices. 3
4.5 Monitoring of detachable detectors . 3
4.6 Manufacturer's adjustments . 4
4.7 On-site adjustment of response behaviour . 4
4.8 Protection against the ingress of foreign bodies . 4
4.8.1 Closed detectors . 4
4.8.2 Open detectors . 4
4.9 Response to slowly developing fires . 4
4.10 Requirements for software-controlled detectors . 5
4.10.1 General . 5
4.10.2 Software design . 5
4.10.3 Storage of programs and data . 5
5 Tests . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests. 5
5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests. 5
5.1.3 Mounting arrangements . 6
5.1.4 Tolerances . 6
5.1.5 Measurement of response threshold value . 6
5.1.6 Provision for tests . 7
5.1.7 Test schedule . 7
5.1.8 Test report . 8
5.2 Repeatability . 8
5.2.1 Object of test. 8
5.2.2 Test procedure. 8
5.2.3 Requirements . 8
5.3 Directional dependence . 8
5.3.1 Object of test. 8
5.3.2 Test procedure. 8
5.3.3 Requirements . 9
5.4 Reproducibility . 9
5.4.1 Object of test. 9
5.4.2 Test procedure. 9
5.4.3 Requirements . 9
5.5 Variation in supply parameters . 9
5.5.1 Object of test. 9
5.5.2 Test procedure. 9
5.5.3 Requirements . 10
5.6 Air movement . 10
5.6.1 Object of test. 10
5.6.2 Test procedure. 10
5.6.3 Requirements . 10
5.7 Dazzling . 11
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© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
5.7.1 Object of test. 11
5.7.2 Test procedure. 11
5.7.3 Requirements . 11
5.8 Additional tests for open detectors . 11
5.8.1 Object of the test . 11
5.8.2 Test procedure. 11
5.9 Dry heat (operational) . 12
5.9.1 Object of test. 12
5.9.2 Test procedure.12
5.9.3 Requirements .12
5.10 Cold (operational) . 13
5.10.1 Object of test. 13
5.10.2 Test procedure. 13
5.10.3 Requirements .13
5.11 Damp heat, steady state (operational) . 13
5.11.1 Object of test. 13
5.11.2 Test procedure. 14
5.11.3 Requirements . 14
5.12 Damp heat, steady state (endurance) . 14
5.12.1 Object of test. 14
5.12.2 Test procedure. 14
5.12.3 Requirements .15
5.13 Sulfur dioxide (SO ) corrosion (endurance) . 15
2
5.13.1 Object of test. 15
5.13.2 Test procedure. 15
5.13.3 Requirements . 16
5.14 Shock (operational) . 16
5.14.1 Object of test. 16
5.14.2 Test procedure. 16
5.14.3 Requirements . 17
5.15 Impact (operational) . 17
5.15.1 Object of test. 17
5.15.2 Test procedure. 17
5.15.3 Requirements . 18
5.16 Vibration, sinusoidal, (operational) . 18
5.16.1 Object of test. 18
5.16.2 Test procedure. 18
5.16.3 Requirements . 19
5.17 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance) . 19
5.17.1 Object of test. 19
5.17.2 Test procedure. 19
5.17.3 Requirements .20
5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) immunity tests (operational) . 20
5.19 Fire sensitivity . 20
5.19.1 Object of test. 20
5.19.2 Test procedure.20
5.19.3 Requirements .22
6 Test report .22
7 Marking . .22
8 Data .23
8.1 Hardware documentation .23
8.2 Software documentation .23
Annex A (normative) Smoke tunnel for response threshold value measurements .25
Annex B (normative) Test aerosol for response threshold value measurements .26
Annex C (normative) Smoke-measuring instruments .27
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© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
Annex D (normative) Apparatus for dazzling test .31
Annex E (normative) Apparatus for impact test .32
Annex F (normative) Fire test room . .34
Annex G (normative) Smouldering (pyrolysis) wood fire (TF2) .36
Annex H (normative) Glowing smouldering cotton fire (TF3) .39
Annex I (normative) Flaming plastics (polyurethane) fire (TF4) .42
Annex J (normative) Flaming liquid (n-heptane) fire (TF5) .45
Annex K (informative) Information concerning the construction of the smoke tunnel .48
Annex L (informative) Compensation for detector drift .50
Annex M (informative) Information concerning the construction of the measuring
ionization chamber .54
Annex N (normative) Apparatus for open detector static object test .56
Annex O (normative) Apparatus for testing the protection against the effect of moving
objects .57
Bibliography .59
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© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire
fighting, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 7240-7: 2018), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— a simplification of the use of the threshold values of Band 1 and Band 2, previously introduced in
the third edition. The intention of this change is to improve the readability of the document by
removing unnecessary repetition.
— various editorial modifications to bring the document in line with current editorial rules.
A list of all parts in the ISO 7240 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
vi
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
Introduction
A fire detection and alarm system is required to function satisfactorily not only in the event of fire, but
also during and after exposure to conditions likely to be met in practice, including corrosion, vibration,
direct impact, indirect shock and electromagnetic interference. Specific tests are intended to assess the
performance of the smoke detectors under such conditions.
This document is not intended to place any other restrictions on the design and construction of such
detectors.
This edition of this document introduces a requirement that smoke detectors that operate on the
scattered or transmitted light principle be marked with one of two possible nominal response threshold
value bands. This marking provides for a clearer choice of response values, enabling a decrease in the
risk of unwanted alarms in installations where unfavourable environmental conditions are present.
NOTE For some test fires, smoke detectors that operate on the scattered or transmitted light principle and
that have been factory set to the upper response threshold value band can fall outside one of the classification
limits given in ISO/TR 7240-9.
vii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7240-7:2023(E)
Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 7:
Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionization
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements, test methods and performance criteria for point-type smoke
detectors that operate using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization, for use in fire detection
and alarm systems installed in buildings (see ISO 7240-1). This document also covers point-type smoke
detectors that incorporate more than one smoke sensor operating on these principles. Additional
requirements and test methods for such detectors are given in Annex N.
For the testing of other types of smoke detectors, or smoke detectors working on different principles,
this document is only intended to be used for guidance. This document is not applicable to smoke
detectors with special characteristics, developed for specific risks.
NOTE Certain types of detectors contain radioactive materials.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 209, Aluminium and aluminium alloys — Chemical composition
ISO 7240-1, Fire detec
...
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 7240-7
ISO/TC 21/SC 3 Secretariat: SA
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2022-07-11 2022-10-03
Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 7:
Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionization
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie —
Partie 7: Détecteurs de fumée ponctuels utilisant le principe de la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission
de la lumière ou de l'ionisation
ICS: 13.220.20
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO/DIS 7240-7
ISO/TC 21/SC 3 Secretariat: SA
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
Fire detection and alarm systems —
Part 7:
Point-type smoke detectors using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionization
Systèmes de détection et d'alarme d'incendie —
Partie 7: Détecteurs de fumée ponctuels utilisant le principe de la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission
de la lumière ou de l'ionisation
ICS: 13.220.20
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS
© ISO 2022
THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
ISO copyright office
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Website: www.iso.org ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
Published in Switzerland
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
ii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION. © ISO 2022
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . vi
Introduction .vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General requirements . 3
4.1 Compliance . 3
4.2 Response threshold value of detectors using scattered or transmitted light . 3
4.3 Individual alarm indication . 3
4.4 Connection of ancillary devices. 3
4.5 Monitoring of detachable detectors . 3
4.6 Manufacturer's adjustments . 4
4.7 On-site adjustment of response behaviour . 4
4.8 Protection against the ingress of foreign bodies . 4
4.8.1 Closed detectors . 4
4.8.2 Open detectors . 4
4.9 Response to slowly developing fires . 4
4.10 Requirements for software-controlled detectors . 5
4.10.1 General . 5
4.10.2 Software design . 5
4.10.3 Storage of programs and data . 5
5 Tests . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.1.1 Atmospheric conditions for tests. 5
5.1.2 Operating conditions for tests. 5
5.1.3 Mounting arrangements . 6
5.1.4 Tolerances . 6
5.1.5 Measurement of response threshold value . 6
5.1.6 Provision for tests . 7
5.1.7 Test schedule . 7
5.1.8 Test report . 8
5.2 Repeatability . 8
5.2.1 Object of test. 8
5.2.2 Test procedure. 8
5.2.3 Requirements . 8
5.3 Directional dependence . 8
5.3.1 Object of test. 8
5.3.2 Test procedure. 8
5.3.3 Requirements . 8
5.4 Reproducibility . 9
5.4.1 Object of test. 9
5.4.2 Test procedure. 9
5.4.3 Requirements . 9
5.5 Variation in supply parameters . 9
5.5.1 Object of test. 9
5.5.2 Test procedure. 9
5.5.3 Requirements . 9
5.6 Air movement . 10
5.6.1 Object of test. 10
5.6.2 Test procedure. 10
5.6.3 Requirements . 10
5.7 Dazzling . 10
iii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
5.7.1 Object of test. 10
5.7.2 Test procedure. 11
5.7.3 Requirements . 11
5.8 Additional tests for open detectors . 11
5.8.1 Object of the test . 11
5.8.2 Test procedure. 11
5.9 Dry heat (operational) . 12
5.9.1 Object of test. 12
5.9.2 Test procedure.12
5.9.3 Requirements .12
5.10 Cold (operational) .12
5.10.1 Object of test. 12
5.10.2 Test procedure. 13
5.10.3 Requirements .13
5.11 Damp heat, steady state (operational) . 13
5.11.1 Object of test. 13
5.11.2 Test procedure.13
5.11.3 Requirements . 14
5.12 Damp heat, steady state (endurance) . 14
5.12.1 Object of test. 14
5.12.2 Test procedure. 14
5.12.3 Requirements .15
5.13 Sulfur dioxide (SO2) corrosion (endurance) . 15
5.13.1 Object of test. 15
5.13.2 Test procedure. 15
5.13.3 Requirements . 16
5.14 Shock (operational) . 16
5.14.1 Object of test. 16
5.14.2 Test procedure. 16
5.14.3 Requirements . 17
5.15 Impact (operational) . 17
5.15.1 Object of test. 17
5.15.2 Test procedure. 17
5.15.3 Requirements . 17
5.16 Vibration, sinusoidal, (operational) . 18
5.16.1 Object of test. 18
5.16.2 Test procedure. 18
5.16.3 Requirements . 19
5.17 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance) . 19
5.17.1 Object of test. 19
5.17.2 Test procedure. 19
5.17.3 Requirements . 19
5.18 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) immunity tests (operational) . 20
5.19 Fire sensitivity . 20
5.19.1 Object of test. 20
5.19.2 Test procedure.20
5.19.3 Requirements .22
6 Test report .22
7 Marking . .22
8 Data .23
8.1 Hardware documentation .23
8.2 Software documentation .23
Annex A (normative) Smoke tunnel for response threshold value measurements .25
Annex B (normative) Test aerosol for response threshold value measurements .26
Annex C (normative) Smoke-measuring instruments .27
iv
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
Annex D (normative) Apparatus for dazzling test .31
Annex E (normative) Apparatus for impact test.32
Annex F (normative) Fire test room .34
Annex G (normative) Smouldering (pyrolysis) wood fire (TF2) .36
Annex H (normative) Glowing smouldering cotton fire (TF3) .39
Annex I (normative) Flaming plastics (polyurethane) fire (TF4) .42
Annex J (normative) Flaming liquid (n-heptane) fire (TF5) .45
Annex K (informative) Information concerning the construction of the smoke tunnel .48
Annex L (informative) Compensation for detector drift .51
Annex M (informative) Information concerning the construction of the measuring
ionization chamber .55
Annex N (normative) Apparatus for open detector static object test .57
Annex O (normative) Apparatus for testing the protection against the effect of moving
objects .58
Bibliography .60
v
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following
URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 21, Equipment for fire protection and fire
fighting, Subcommittee SC 3, Fire detection and alarm systems.
This edition cancels and replaces the previous edition (ISO 7240:2018), which has been technically
revised.
The main change compared to the previous edition is the revised response threshold values of Band 1
and Band 2 in Clause 4.2.
A list of all parts in the ISO 7240 series can be found on the ISO website.
vi
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 7240-7:2022(E)
Introduction
A fire detection and alarm system is required to function satisfactorily not only in the event of fire, but
also during and after exposure to conditions likely to be met in practice, including corrosion, vibration,
direct impact, indirect shock and electromagnetic interference. Specific tests are intended to assess the
performance of the smoke detectors under such conditions.
This document is not intended to place any other restrictions on the design and construction of such
detectors.
This edition of this document introduces a requirement for smoke detectors that operate on the
scattered or transmitted light principle to be marked with one of two possible nominal response
threshold value bands. This marking provides for a clearer choice of response values so that the risk of
unwanted alarms may be decreased in installations where unfavourable environmental conditions are
present.
NOTE For some test fires, smoke detectors that operate on the scattered or transmitted light principle and
that have been factory set to the upper response threshold value band can fall outside one of the classification
limits given in ISO/TS 7240-9.
vii
© ISO 2022 – All rights reserved
---------
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