ISO 12239:2021

Smoke alarms using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization

This document specifies requirements, test methods, performance criteria and manufacturers' instructions for smoke alarms that operate using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization, and are intended for household or similar residential applications. For the testing of other types of smoke alarms, or smoke alarms working on different principles, this document is recommended only as guidance. Smoke alarms with special characteristics and developed for specific risks are not covered by this document. This document allows, although it does not require, the inclusion within the smoke alarm of facilities for the following: — visual fault condition indication; — extended temperature-range operation; — interconnection with other similar smoke alarms or accessories; — temporary disablement; — alarm silencing; — signal frequency characteristics; — standby power source low condition silence; — smoke alarms with voice; — smoke alarms using radio frequency links; — response to slowly developing fires (drift compensation). Where such facilities are included, this document specifies applicable requirements. This document does not cover devices intended for incorporation in systems using separate control and indicating equipment. Such systems are specified in the ISO 7240 series.

Dispositifs d'alarme de fumée fonctionnant suivant le principe de la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission de la lumière ou de l'ionisation

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 04-Nov-2021
• ICS: 13.220.20 - Fire protection
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3 - Fire detection and alarm systems
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 21/SC 3/WG 3 - Self-contained smoke alarms
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 05-Nov-2021
• Due Date: 11-Sep-2021
• Completion Date: 05-Nov-2021

Relations

• Revises: ISO 12239:2010 - Smoke alarms using scattered light, transmitted light or ionization
• Effective Date: 23-Sep-2017

Standards Content (Sample)

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12239
Third edition
2021-11
Smoke alarms using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionization
Dispositifs d'alarme de fumée fonctionnant suivant le principe de
la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission de la lumière ou de
l'ionisation
Reference number
ISO 12239:2021(E)
© ISO 2021

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12239:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
  © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 12239:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .vii
Introduction .viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 General requirements . 5
4.1 Conformity . 5
4.2 Optional and additional functions . 5
4.3 Smoke alarm type . 5
4.4 Response threshold value of detectors using scattered or transmitted light . 6
4.5 Alarm condition . 6
4.5.1 Aural indicator . 6
4.5.2 Visual indicators . 6
4.6 External main power source-on visual indicator . 7
4.7 Fault condition visual indicator — Optional function . 7
4.8 Visual indicator visibility . 7
4.9 Smoke alarm signals . 7
4.10 Test facility . 7
4.11 Means of calibration . 7
4.12 User-replaceable components . 7
4.13 Main power source . 8
4.13.1 General . 8
4.13.2 Internal . 8
4.13.3 External . 8
4.14 Standby power source . 8
4.14.1 General . 8
4.14.2 Monitoring of standby power source . 9
4.14.3 Standby power source low condition silence — Optional function . 9
4.15 External power supply equipment. 9
4.16 Battery connections . 9
4.17 User-replaceable battery . 9
4.17.1 General . 9
4.17.2 Indication . 9
4.18 Electrical safety . 10
4.19 Battery — disconnect facility . 10
4.20 Connection of external connectable devices . 10
4.21 Terminals for external conductors . 10
4.22 Protection against the ingress of foreign bodies . 11
4.23 Interconnectable smoke alarms — Optional function . 11
4.23.1 General . 11
4.24 Alarm-silence facility — Optional function . 11
4.25 Temporary disablement — Optional function .12
4.26 Radioactive material in type B smoke alarms .12
4.27 Smoke alarms with voice — Optional function .12
4.27.1 General .12
4.27.2 Voice messages . 13
4.28 Smoke alarms using radio frequency links — Optional function .13
4.28.1 General .13
4.28.2 Response time . . .13
4.28.3 Radio frequency link range . 13
4.28.4 Identification code verification . 13
4.28.5 Environmental requirements for radio frequency interconnected smoke
alarms . 13
iii
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

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ISO 12239:2021(E)
4.29 Response to slowly developing fires (drift compensation) — Optional function . 14
4.30 Marking . 14
4.30.1 General . 14
4.30.2 Smoke alarm . 14
4.31 Packaging . 15
4.32 Hardware documentation . 16
4.33 Additional requirements for software-controlled smoke alarms . 17
4.33.1 General . 17
4.33.2 Software documentation . 17
4.33.3 Software design . 17
4.33.4 Storage of programs and data . 18
5 Tests .18
5.1 General . 18
5.1.1 Optional functions . 18
5.1.2 Atmospheric conditions for tests. 18
5.1.3 Operating conditions for tests. 18
5.1.4 Mounting arrangements . 19
5.1.5 Tolerances . 19
5.1.6 Measurement of response threshold value . 19
5.1.7 Provision for tests . 19
5.1.8 Test schedule . 20
5.1.9 Test report .20
5.2 Directional dependence . 21
5.2.1 Object of test. 21
5.2.2 Test procedure. 21
5.2.3 Requirements . 21
5.3 Initial sensitivity . 21
5.3.1 Object of test. 21
5.3.2 Test procedure. 22
5.3.3 Requirement .22
5.4 Repeatability . 22
5.4.1 Object of test. 22
5.4.2 Test procedure. 22
5.4.3 Requirements . 22
5.5 Air movement . 22
5.5.1 Object of test. 22
5.5.2 Test procedure. 22
5.5.3 Requirements . 23
5.6 Dazzling .23
5.6.1 Object of test. 23
5.6.2 Test procedure. 23
5.6.3 Requirements . 23
5.7 Dry heat (operational) . 24
5.7.1 Object of test. 24
5.7.2 Test procedure. 24
5.7.3 Requirements . 24
5.8 Cold (operational) . 24
5.8.1 Object of test. 24
5.8.2 Test procedure. 25
5.8.3 Requirement . 25
5.9 Damp heat (operational) . 25
5.9.1 Object of test. 25
5.9.2 Test procedure. 25
5.9.3 Requirements . 26
5.10 Sulfur dioxide (SO ) corrosion.26
2
5.10.1 Object of test. 26
5.10.2 Test procedure. 26
5.10.3 Requirements . 27
iv
  © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

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ISO 12239:2021(E)
5.11 Impact (operational) . 27
5.11.1 Object of test. 27
5.11.2 Test procedure. 27
5.11.3 Requirements .28
5.12 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational) .28
5.12.1 Object of test.28
5.12.2 Test procedure.28
5.12.3 Requirements .29
5.13 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance) .29
5.13.1 Object of test.29
5.13.2 Test procedure.29
5.13.3 Requirements .30
5.14 Extended temperature (operational) — optional function .30
5.14.1 Object of test.30
5.14.2 Test procedure.30
5.14.3 Requirement . 31
5.15 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) immunity tests (operational) . 31
5.16 Fire sensitivity . 31
5.16.1 Object of test. 31
5.16.2 Test procedure. 31
5.16.3 Requirements . 33
5.17 Battery-low condition .33
5.17.1 Object of test. 33
5.17.2 Test procedure. 33
5.17.3 Requirements .34
5.18 85 dBA Sound output — Optional function .34
5.18.1 Object of test.34
5.18.2 Method of test .34
5.18.3 Requirements . 35
5.19 70 dBA Sound output — Optional function . 35
5.19.1 Object of test. 35
5.19.2 Method of test . 35
5.19.3 Requirements .36
5.20 Sounder durability .36
5.20.1 Object of test. 36
5.20.2 Test procedure.36
5.20.3 Requirements .36
5.21 Interconnectable smoke alarms . 37
5.21.1 Object of test. 37
5.21.2 Test procedure. 37
5.21.3 Requirements . 37
5.22 Smoke alarms using radio frequency links . 37
5.22.1 General . 37
5.22.2 Radio frequency range .
...

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12239
Third edition
Smoke alarms using scattered light,
transmitted light or ionization
Dispositifs d'alarme de fumée fonctionnant suivant le principe de
la diffusion de la lumière, de la transmission de la lumière ou de
l'ionisation
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
ISO 12239:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 12239:2021(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 12239:2021(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .vii
Introduction .viii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 General requirements . 5
4.1 Conformity . 5
4.2 Optional and additional functions . 5
4.3 Smoke alarm type . 5
4.4 Response threshold value of detectors using scattered or transmitted light . 5
4.5 Alarm condition . 6
4.5.1 Aural indicator . 6
4.5.2 Visual indicators . 6
4.6 External main power source-on visual indicator . 6
4.7 Fault condition visual indicator — Optional function . 7
4.8 Visual indicator visibility . 7
4.9 Smoke alarm signals . 7
4.10 Test facility . 7
4.11 Means of calibration . 7
4.12 User-replaceable components . 7
4.13 Main power source . 7
4.13.1 General. 7
4.13.2 Internal . 8
4.13.3 External . 8
4.14 Standby power source . 8
4.14.1 General. 8
4.14.2 Monitoring of standby power source . 8
4.14.3 Standby power source low condition silence — Optional function . 9
4.15 External power supply equipment . 9
4.16 Battery connections . 9
4.17 User-replaceable battery . 9
4.17.1 General. 9
4.17.2 Indication . 9
4.18 Electrical safety .10
4.19 Battery — disconnect facility .10
4.20 Connection of external connectable devices .10
4.21 Terminals for external conductors.10
4.22 Protection against the ingress of foreign bodies .10
4.23 Interconnectable smoke alarms — optional function . .11
4.23.1 General.11
4.24 Alarm-silence facility — Optional function .11
4.25 Temporary disablement — Optional function .12
4.26 Radioactive material in type B smoke alarms .12
4.27 Smoke alarms with voice — Optional function.12
4.27.1 General.12
4.27.2 Voice messages .13
4.28 Smoke alarms using radio frequency links — Optional function .13
4.28.1 General.13
4.28.2 Response time .13
4.28.3 Radio frequency link range .13
4.28.4 Identification code verification .13
4.28.5 Environmental requirements for radio frequency interconnected smoke
alarms .13
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved PROOF/ÉPREUVE iii

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ISO 12239:2021(E)

4.29 Response to slowly developing fires (drift compensation) — Optional function .13
4.30 Marking .14
4.30.1 General.14
4.30.2 Smoke alarm .14
4.31 Packaging .15
4.32 Hardware documentation .16
4.33 Additional requirements for software-controlled smoke alarms .16
4.33.1 General.16
4.33.2 Software documentation .17
4.33.3 Software design.17
4.33.4 Storage of programs and data .17
5 Tests .18
5.1 General .18
5.1.1 Optional functions .18
5.1.2 Atmospheric conditions for tests.18
5.1.3 Operating conditions for tests .18
5.1.4 Mounting arrangements .18
5.1.5 Tolerances .19
5.1.6 Measurement of response threshold value .19
5.1.7 Provision for tests .19
5.1.8 Test schedule .20
5.1.9 Test report .20
5.2 Directional dependence .21
5.2.1 Object of test .21
5.2.2 Test procedure .21
5.2.3 Requirements .21
5.3 Initial sensitivity .21
5.3.1 Object of test .21
5.3.2 Test procedure .21
5.3.3 Requirement .22
5.4 Repeatability .22
5.4.1 Object of test .22
5.4.2 Test procedure .22
5.4.3 Requirements .22
5.5 Air movement.22
5.5.1 Object of test .22
5.5.2 Test procedure .22
5.5.3 Requirements .23
5.6 Dazzling .23
5.6.1 Object of test .23
5.6.2 Test procedure .23
5.6.3 Requirements .23
5.7 Dry heat (operational) .24
5.7.1 Object of test .24
5.7.2 Test procedure .24
5.7.3 Requirements .24
5.8 Cold (operational) .24
5.8.1 Object of test .24
5.8.2 Test procedure .25
5.8.3 Requirement .25
5.9 Damp heat (operational) .25
5.9.1 Object of test .25
5.9.2 Test procedure .25
5.9.3 Requirements .26
5.10 Sulfur dioxide (SO ) corrosion .26
2
5.10.1 Object of test .26
5.10.2 Test procedure .26
5.10.3 Requirements .27
iv PROOF/ÉPREUVE © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

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ISO 12239:2021(E)

5.11 Impact (operational) .27
5.11.1 Object of test .27
5.11.2 Test procedure .27
5.11.3 Requirements .28
5.12 Vibration, sinusoidal (operational) .28
5.12.1 Object of test .28
5.12.2 Test procedure .28
5.12.3 Requirements .29
5.13 Vibration, sinusoidal (endurance) .29
5.13.1 Object of test .29
5.13.2 Test procedure .29
5.13.3 Requirements .30
5.14 Extended temperature (operational) — optional function .30
5.14.1 Object of test .30
5.14.2 Test procedure .30
5.14.3 Requirement .31
5.15 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) immunity tests (operational) .31
5.16 Fire sensitivity .31
5.16.1 Object of test .31
5.16.2 Test procedure .31
5.16.3 Requirements .33
5.17 Battery-low condition .33
5.17.1 Object of test .33
5.17.2 Test procedure .33
5.17.3 Requirements .34
5.18 85 dBA Sound output — Optional function .34
5.18.1 Object of test .34
5.18.2 Method of test .34
5.18.3 Requirements .35
5.19 70 dBA Sound output — Optional function .35
5.19.1 Object of test .35
5.19.2 Method of test .35
5.19.3 Requirements .36
5.20 Sounder durability .36
5.20.1 Object of test .36
5.20.2 Test procedure .36
5.20.3 Requirements .36
5.21 Interconnectable smoke alarms .37
5.21.1 Object of test .37
5.21.2 Test procedure .37
5.21.3 Requirements .37
5.22 Smoke alarms using radio frequency links .37
5.22.1 General.37
5.22.2 Radio frequency range .38
5.22.3 Failure of radio link tests .
...