ISO 6460-2

• Abstract:

  ISO 6460-2:2014 defines test cycles for measurement for the gaseous exhaust emissions from motorcycles, as well as for determining the fuel consumption of motorcycles as defined in ISO 3833, equipped with a spark ignition engine (four-stroke engine, two-stroke engine, or rotary piston engine) or a compression ignition engine. The test cycle 1 is equivalent to the test cycle specified in the European Union Commission Directive 2003/77/EC[6] and the test cycle 2 is equivalent to the test cycle specified in global technical regulations No.2 (WMTC), United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, ECE/TRANS/180/Add.2[9]. A selection of other test cycles adopted or to be adopted by several countries is described in Annex C for information purpose.

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 13.040.50 - Transport exhaust emissions
• ICS: 43.140 - Motorcycles and mopeds
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 38 - Motorcycles and mopeds
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 22/SC 38 - Motorcycles and mopeds
• Current Stage: 6000 - International Standard under publication
• Start Date: 10-Sep-2026
• Completion Date: 19-Sep-2026

• Revises: ISO 6460-2:2014 - Motorcycles — Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption — Part 2: Test cycles and specific test conditions
• Effective Date: 29-Jun-2024

Overview

ISO 6460-2:2014 from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) specifies standardized test cycles and specific test conditions for measuring gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption of motorcycles. This standard is essential for laboratories, manufacturers, and regulatory authorities seeking a unified and transparent method to assess the environmental performance of motorcycles with spark ignition (including four-stroke, two-stroke, and rotary piston engines) or compression ignition engines.

The test cycles defined in ISO 6460-2 are harmonized with significant global and regional regulatory requirements. Specifically, Test Cycle 1 is equivalent to the European Union Commission Directive 2003/77/EC, while Test Cycle 2 aligns with global technical regulations (WMTC), ensuring relevance for both European and international markets.

Key Topics

• Test Cycles for Emissions Measurement: ISO 6460-2 establishes specific driving schedules that simulate real-world motorcycle operation to capture accurate exhaust emissions and fuel consumption data.
• Motorcycle Classification: The standard provides a detailed classification system based on engine capacity and maximum speed. This ensures that test procedures are tailored to different types and classes of motorcycles.
• Test Room Conditions: It details environmental requirements, such as maintaining a test room temperature of 298 K ±5 K to ensure test consistency.
• Type 1 and Type 2 Tests: Describes distinct methods for evaluating motorcycles under various operating conditions to provide a comprehensive understanding of environmental performance.
• Gearshift Procedures: Offers clear guidance for the operation of manual and automatic transmissions during tests, including sophisticated formulas for determining gearshift points and strategies for a range of drive scenarios.
• Global Applicability: An informative annex summarizes additional test cycles adopted or under consideration by various countries, facilitating international harmonization.

Applications

ISO 6460-2 is crucial for:

• Motorcycle Manufacturers: Ensuring newly produced motorcycles comply with international and national exhaust emissions and fuel consumption regulations before market release.
• Testing Laboratories: Providing a reliable, repeatable test protocol for emissions and fuel consumption assessments.
• Regulatory Authorities: Enabling enforcement of environmental standards through harmonized and recognized methods.
• R&D Engineers: Supporting design improvements aimed at reducing emissions and optimizing fuel efficiency based on standardized test feedback.

The harmonization with WMTC and European Union cycles ensures that test results are widely accepted, streamlining certification and market approval processes globally. Using this standard also fosters transparency, comparability, and credibility in motorcycle emissions reporting.

Related Standards

• ISO 6460-1: Motorcycles - Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption - Part 1: General test requirements. This part provides the fundamental principles and general requirements that underpin the test cycles and specific methods of ISO 6460-2.
• ISO 3833: Road vehicles - Types - Terms and definitions. Defines the motorcycle types applicable under ISO 6460-2.
• ISO 4106: Motorcycles - Engine test code - Net power. Used for determining key engine parameters required in emissions testing.
• ISO 7117: Motorcycles - Measurement method for determining maximum speed. Supports the classification necessary for applying the correct test cycle.
• UN GTR No.2 (WMTC): World-wide harmonized Motorcycle emissions Test Cycle, the direct precursor for test cycle 2, ensuring global regulatory alignment.

ISO 6460-2 is a vital document underpinning global efforts to reduce motorcycle exhaust emissions and ensure accurate fuel consumption measurement. Its adoption supports compliance, environmental stewardship, and technological advancement in motorcycle production and testing.

International
Standard
Third edition
Motorcycles — Measurement
2026-10
method for gaseous exhaust
emissions and fuel consumption —
Part 2:
Test cycles and specific test
conditions
Motocycles — Méthode de mesure des émissions de gaz
d'échappement et de la consommation de carburant —
Partie 2: Conditions d'essai spécifiques et cycles d'essai
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Reference number
© ISO 2026
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test cycle . 1
4.1 General .1
4.2 Test room conditions.1
4.3 Motorcycle classification .2
4.3.1 General .2
4.3.2 Class 1 .2
4.3.3 Class 2 .2
4.3.4 Class 3 .2
4.4 Type 1 tests . .3
4.4.1 Driving schedules .3
4.4.2 Gearshift prescriptions .5
4.5 Type 2 tests . .8
4.5.1 Application .8
4.5.2 Measured gaseous pollutant .8
4.5.3 Engine test speeds .8
4.5.4 Gear lever position .8
4.6 Test procedures .8
4.6.1 Type 1 tests .8
4.7 Analysis of results .11
4.7.1 Type 1 tests .11
4.7.2 Type 2 tests . 12
4.8 Driving cycles for type 1 tests . 13
5 Presentation of results .50
Annex A (normative) Presentation of results for gaseous exhaust emissions .51
Annex B (normative) Presentation of results of fuel consumption .54
Annex C (informative) Test cycles .57
Annex D (informative) Explanatory note on the gearshift procedure .59
Bibliography . 61
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
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The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
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This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 38,
Motorcycles and mopeds.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6460-2:2014), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
— The description of the test cycle described for the Scope is appropriately placed in the General section of
the test cycle.
— Added “UN GTR No.2 (WMTC) “ to the Normative references.
— The test cycle is equivalent to the test cycle specified in WMTC.
[6]
— The test cycle specified in European Union Commission Directive 2003/77/EC is described in Annex C
for information.
— An explanation of the gear shift calculation is included in Annex D for information.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
iv
Introduction
This document has been prepared to provide details of the typical test cycles for measurement of gaseous
exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. The measurements can be carried out by referring to this
document and to ISO 6460-1.
The following revisions are mainly made in this document.
— The description of the test cycle described for the Scope is appropriately placed in the General section of
the test cycle.
— Added “UN GTR No.2 (WMTC) “ to the Normative references.
— The test cycle is equivalent to the test cycle specified in WMTC.
— Corrected the starting sequence at test cycle start.
[6]
— The test cycle specified in European Union Commission Directive 2003/77/EC is described in Annex C
for information.
— An explanation of the gear shift calculation is included in Annex D for information.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
v
International Standard ISO 6460-2:2026(en)
Motorcycles — Measurement method for gaseous exhaust
emissions and fuel consumption —
Part 2:
Test cycles and specific test conditions
1 Scope
This document specified the test cycles for measurement for the gaseous exhaust emissions from
motorcycles, and for determining the fuel consumption of motorcycles as defined in ISO 3833. It is applicable
to motorcycles equipped with a spark ignition engine (four-stroke engine or rotary piston engine).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4106, Motorcycles — Engine test code — Net power
ISO 6460-1, Motorcycles — Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption — Part
1: General test requirements
ISO 7117, Motorcycles — Measurement method for determining maximum speed
UN GTR No.2 (WMTC) — Measurement procedure for two-wheeled motorcycles equipped with a positive
or compression ignition engine with regard to the emission of gaseous pollutants, CO emissions and fuel
consumption.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Test cycle
4.1 General
The test cycle is equivalent to the test cycle specified in WMTC.
4.2 Test room conditions
The test room with the chassis dynamometer and the gas sample collection device shall have a temperature
of 298 K ±5 K. The room temperature shall be measured twice in the vicinity of motorcycle cooling blower
(fan), both before and after the type 1 test.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.3 Motorcycle classification
4.3.1 General
Figure 1 gives an overview of the motorcycle classification in terms of engine capacity and maximum
motorcycle speed. The numerical values of the engine capacity and maximum motorcycle speed shall not be
rounded up or down.
4.3.2 Class 1
Motorcycles that fulfil either of the following specifications belong to class 1:
3 3 3
50 cm < engine capacity < 150 cm and v ≤ 50 km/h or engine capacity < 150 cm and
max
50 km/h < v < 100 km/h.
max
4.3.3 Class 2
Motorcycles that fulfil either of the following specifications belong to class 2:
3 3
a) subclass 2-1: engine capacity < 150 cm and 100 km/h ≤ v < 115 km/h or engine capacity ≥ 150 cm
max
and v < 115 km/h;
max
b) subclass 2-2: 115 km/h ≤ v < 130 km/h.
max
4.3.4 Class 3
Motorcycles that fulfil either of the following specifications belong to class 3:
a) subclass 3-1: 130 km/h ≤ v < 140 km/h;
max
b) subclass 3-2: v ≥ 140 km/h.
max
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Key
X engine capacity, cm
Y maximum motorcycle speed, km/h
1 class 1
2 class 2 subclass 2-1
3 class 2 subclass 2-2
4 class 3 subclass 3-1
5 class 3 subclass 3-2
Figure 1 — Motorcycle classification
4.4 Type 1 tests
4.4.1 Driving schedules
4.4.1.1 Test cycles
Test cycles (motorcycle speed patterns) for the type 1 test consists of up to three parts that are shown in 4.8.
Depending on the motorcycle class (see 4.3), the following test cycle parts shall be run.
a) class 1:
part 1, reduced speed in cold condition, followed by part 1 reduced speed in hot condition;
b) class 2:
1) subclass 2-1: part 1, reduced speed in cold condition, followed by part 2, reduced speed in hot
condition;
2) subclass 2-2: part 1 in cold condition, followed by part 2 in hot condition;
c) class 3
1) subclass 3-1: part 1 in cold condition, followed by part 2 in hot condition, followed by part 3 reduced
speed in hot condition;
2) subclass 3-2: part 1 in cold condition, followed by part 2 in hot condition, followed by part 3 in hot
condition.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.4.1.2 Speed tolerances
The speed tolerance at any given time on the test cycle prescribed in 4.4.1.1 is defined by upper and lower
limits. The upper limit is 3,2 km/h higher than the highest point on the trace within 1 s of the given time. The
lower limit is 3,2 km/h lower than the lowest point on the trace within 1 s of the given time. Speed variations
greater than the tolerances (such as can occur during gear changes) are acceptable provided they occur for
less than 2 s on any occasion. Speeds lower than those prescribed are acceptable provided the motorcycle
is operated at maximum available power during such occurrences. Figure 2 shows the range of acceptable
speed tolerances for typical points.
Apart from these exceptions the deviations of the roller speed from the set speed of the cycles shall meet the
requirements described above. If not, the test results shall not be used for the further analysis and the run
shall be repeated.
Key
X time
Y speed
1 1 s
2 3,2 km/h
a
Allowable range.
Figure 2 — Drivers trace, allowable range
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.4.2 Gearshift prescriptions
4.4.2.1 Test motorcycles with automatic transmission
Motorcycles equipped with transfer cases, multiple sprockets, etc., shall be tested in the manufacturer's
recommended configuration for street or highway use.
All tests shall be conducted with automatic transmissions in “drive” (highest gear). Automatic clutch-torque
converter transmissions may be shifted as manual transmissions at the option of the manufacturer.
Idle modes shall be run with automatic transmissions in “drive” and the wheels braked.
Automatic transmissions shall shift automatically through the normal sequence of gears.
The deceleration modes shall be run in gear using brakes or throttle as necessary to maintain the desired
speed.
4.4.2.2 Test motorcycles with manual transmission
4.4.2.2.1 Mandatory requirements
4.4.2.2.1.1 Step 1 — Calculation of shift speeds
Upshift speeds ( v and v ) in km/h during acceleration phases shall be calculated in accordance
12→ ii1
with Formulae (1) and (2).
 P 
  
n
19,
 
 
 
m 75
 
k
ve0,,57530 1 sn nn  (1)
  

12 idle idle
ndv
 
  
 P 
  
n
19,
 
   
m 75 1
 
k
ve0,575 3 sn n , in21 to g (2)
  

ii1 idle iddle
ndv
 
i
  
where
i is the gear number (≥2);
ng is the total number of forward gears;
P is the rated power, in kW;
n
m is the kerb mass, in kg;
k
−1
n is the idling speed, in min ;
idle
−1
s is the rated engine speed, in min ;
−1
ndv is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear i.
i
Downshift speeds (v ) in km/h during cruise or deceleration phases in gear 4 (4th gear) to ng shall be
ii1
calculated in accordance with Formula (3).
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
 P 
  
n
19,
 
   

m 75 1
 
k
ve0,575 3 sn n , in4 to g (3)
  

ii1 idle iddle
ndv
 
i2
  
where
i is the gear number (≥4);
ng is the total number of forward gears;
P is the rated power, in kW;
n
m is the kerb mass, in kg;
k
−1
n is the idling speed, in min ;
idle
−1
s is the rated engine speed, in min ;
−1
ndv is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear i−2.
i−2
The downshift speed from gear 3 to gear 2 ( v ) shall be calculated in accordance with Formula (4).
32→
 P 
  
n
19,
 
   

m 75
 k 
ve0,,57530 1 sn nn  (4)

 
32 idle idle
ndv
 

  
where
P is the rated power, in kW;
n
m is the kerb mass, in kg;
k
−1
n is the idling speed, in min ;
idle
−1
s is the rated engine speed, in min ;
−1
ndv is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear 1.
The downshift speed from gear 2 to gear 1 ( v ) shall be calculated in accordance with Formula (5).
21→
vs00, 3 nn  (5)

 
21 idle idle
ndv
−1
where ndv is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear 2.
Since the cruise phases are defined by the phase indicator, slight speed increases could occur and it can be
meaningful to apply an upshift. The upshift speeds ( v , v and v ) in km/h during cruise phases
12→ 23→ ii1
can be calculated in accordance with Formulae (6) to (8).
vs00, 3 nn  (6)

 
12 idle idle
ndv
P
 
  
n
19, 
 
 
m 75
 k 
ve0,,57530 1 sn nn  (7)

 

23 idle idle
ndv
 
  
 P 
  
n
19, 
 
 
m 75
 
k
ve0,5753 sn n ,tin31o g (8)
  

ii1 idle iddle
ndv
 
i1
  
The results of shift speeds shall be mathematically rounded to the first place of the decimal point.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.4.2.2.1.2 Step 2 — Gear choice for each cycle sample
In order to avoid different interpretations about acceleration, deceleration, cruise, and stop phases,
corresponding indicators are added to the motorcycle speed pattern as integral parts of the cycles (see
Tables 2 to 25).
The appropriate gear for each sample shall then be calculated according to the motorcycle speed ranges
resulting from the shift speed formulae [Formulae (1) to (8)] and these phase indicators for the cycle parts
appropriate for the test motorcycle as follows:
— gear choice for stop phases
For the last 5 s of a stop phase, the gear lever shall be set to gear 1 and the clutch shall be disengaged. For
the previous part of a stop phase, the gear lever shall be set to neutral or the clutch shall be disengaged.
— gear choice for acceleration phases:
— gear 1, if vv ;
12
— gear 2, if vv v ;
1223
— gear 3, if vv v ;
2334
— gear 4, if vv v ;
3445
— gear 5, if vv v ;
4556
— gear 6, if vv ;
56
— gear choice for deceleration or cruise phases:
— gear 1, if vv ;
21
— gear 2, if vv ;
32
— gear 3, if vv v ;
3243
— gear 4, if vv v ;
4354
— gear 5, if vv v ;
5465
— gear 6, if vv .
45
The clutch shall be disengaged, if
a) the motorcycle speed drops below 10 km/h,
b) the engine speed drops below n + 0,03 × (s – n ), or
idle idle
c) there is a risk of engine stalling during cold start phase.
4.4.2.2.1.3 Step 3 — Corrections according to additional requirements
The gear choice has then to be modified according to the following requirements.
a) There shall be no gearshift at a transition from an acceleration phase to a deceleration phase. The gear
that was used for the last second of the acceleration phase shall be kept for the following deceleration
phase unless the speed drops below a downshift speed.
b) There shall be no upshifts or downshifts by more than one gear, except from gear 2 to neutral during
decelerations down to stop.(Example: Gear 4→4→4→4→3→3→3→3→1→1→1→1 will be replaced by gear
4→4→4→4→3→3→3→3→2→1→1→1.)
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
c) Upshifts or downshifts for up to 4 s are replaced by the gear before, if the gears before and after are
identical. (Examples: Gear 2→3→3→3→2 will be replaced by gear 2→2→2→2→2; gear 4→3→3→3→3→4
will be replaced by gear 4→4→4→4→4→4.)
In the cases of consecutive circumstances, the gear used longer takes over. (Example: Gear
2→2→2→3→3→3→2→2→2→2→3→3→3 will be replaced by 2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→3→3→3.)
If used for the same time, dominate a series of succeeding gears with a series of preceding gears.
(Example: 2→2→2→3→3→3→2→2→2→3→3→3 will be replaced by 2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→3→3→ 3.)
d) There shall be no downshift during an acceleration phase.
4.4.2.2.2 Optional provisions
The gear choice may be modified according to the following provisions.
— The use of lower gears than determined by the requirements described in 4.4.2.2.1 is permitted in any
cycle phase. Manufacturers' recommendations for gear use shall be followed, if they do not result in
higher gears than determined by the requirements described in 4.4.2.2.1.
NOTE 1 The calculation program to be found on the UN website at the URL below can be used as an aid for the gear
selection: https:// www .unece .org/ trans/ main/ wp29/ wp29wgs/ wp29grpe/ wmtc .html.
NOTE 2 Explanations of the approach and the gearshift strategy are given in Annex D
4.5 Type 2 tests
4.5.1 Application
This requirement only applies to all test motorcycles powered by a positive-ignition engine.
4.5.2 Measured gaseous pollutant
The content by volume of carbon monoxide shall be measured immediately after the type 1 test.
4.5.3 Engine test speeds
The test shall be carried out with the engine at normal idling speed and at “high idle” speed. High idle speed
−1
is defined by the manufacturer but it shall be higher than 2 000 min .
4.5.4 Gear lever position
In the case of test motorcycles with manually operated or semi-automatic shift gearboxes, the test shall be
carried out with the gear lever in the “neutral” position and with the clutch engaged. In the case of test
motorcycles with automatic-shift gearboxes, the test shall be carried out with the gear selector in either the
“neutral” or the “park” position.
4.6 Test procedures
4.6.1 Type 1 tests
4.6.1.1 Emissions tests
4.6.1.1.1 Engine starting and restarting
4.6.1.1.1.1 The engine shall be started according to the manufacturer's recommended starting procedures.
The test cycle run shall begin when the engine starts.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.6.1.1.1.2 Test motorcycles equipped with automatic chokes shall be operated according to the
instructions in the manufacturer's operating instructions or owner's manual including choke setting and
“kick-down” from cold fast idle. If necessary, braking may be employed to keep the drive wheels from
turning.
4.6.1.1.1.3 Test motorcycles equipped with manual chokes shall be operated according to the
manufacturer's operating instructions or owner's manual. Where times are provided in the instructions, the
point for operation may be specified, within 15 s of the recommended time.
4.6.1.1.1.4 The operator may use the choke, throttle, etc. where necessary to keep the engine running.
4.6.1.1.1.5 If the manufacturer's operating instructions or owner's manual do not specify a warm engine
starting procedure, the engine (automatic and manual choke engines) shall be started by opening the
throttle about half way and cranking the engine until it starts.
4.6.1.1.1.6 If, during the cold start, the test motorcycle does not start after 10 s of cranking, or 10 cycles
of the manual starting mechanism, cranking shall cease and the reason for failure to start determined. The
revolution counter on the constant volume sampler shall be turned off and the sample solenoid valves placed
in the “standby” position during this diagnostic period. In addition, either the CVS blower shall be turned off
or the exhaust tube disconnected from the tailpipe during the diagnostic period.
4.6.1.1.1.7 If failure to start is an operational error, the test motorcycle shall be rescheduled for testing
from a cold start. If failure to start is caused by motorcycle malfunction, corrective action (following the
unscheduled maintenance provisions) of less than 30 min duration may be taken and the test continued.
The sampling system shall be reactivated at the same time cranking is started. When the engine starts, the
driving schedule timing sequence shall begin. If failure to start is caused by motorcycle malfunction and the
test motorcycle cannot be started, the test shall be voided, the motorcycle removed from the dynamometer,
corrective action taken (following the unscheduled maintenance provisions), and the motorcycle rescheduled
for test. The reason for the malfunction (if determined) and the corrective action taken shall be reported.
4.6.1.1.1.8 If the test motorcycle does not start during the hot start after 10 s of cranking, or 10 cycles
of the manual starting mechanism, cranking shall cease, the test shall be voided, the motorcycle removed
from the dynamometer, corrective action taken, and the motorcycle rescheduled for test. The reason for the
malfunction (if determined) and the corrective action taken shall be reported.
4.6.1.1.1.9 If the engine “false starts”, the operator shall repeat the recommended starting procedure
(such as resetting the choke, etc.).
4.6.1.1.2 Stalling
4.6.1.1.2.1 If the engine stalls during an idle period, the engine shall be restarted immediately and the
test continued. If the engine cannot be started soon enough to allow the test motorcycle to follow the next
acceleration as prescribed, the driving schedule indicator shall be stopped. When the test motorcycle
restarts, the driving schedule indicator shall be reactivated.
4.6.1.1.2.2 If the engine stalls during some operating mode other than idle, the driving schedule indicator
shall be stopped, the test motorcycle shall then be restarted and accelerated to the speed required at that
point in the driving schedule and the test continued. During acceleration to this point, shifting shall be
performed in accordance with 4.4.2.
4.6.1.1.2.3 If the test motorcycle will not restart within 1 min, the test shall be voided, the motorcycle
removed from the dynamometer, corrective action taken, and the motorcycle rescheduled for test. The
reason for the malfunction (if determined) and the corrective action taken shall be reported.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.6.1.2 Drive instructions
4.6.1.2.1 The test motorcycle shall be driven with minimum throttle movement to maintain the desired
speed. No simultaneous use of brake and throttle shall be permitted.
4.6.1.2.2 If the test motorcycle cannot accelerate at the specified rate, it shall be operated with the throttle
fully opened until the roller speed reaches the value prescribed for that time in the driving schedule.
4.6.1.3 Dynamometer test runs
4.6.1.3.1 The complete dynamometer test consists of consecutive parts as described in 4.4.1.
4.6.1.3.2 The following steps shall be taken for each test.
a) Place drive wheel of test motorcycle on dynamometer without starting engine.
b) Activate motorcycle cooling fan.
c) For all test motorcycles, with the sample selector valves in the “standby” position, connect evacuated
sample collection bags to the diluted exhaust mixture and dilution air sample collection systems.
d) Start the CVS (if not already on), the sampling pumps and the temperature recorder. (The heat exchanger
of the constant volume sampler, if used, and sample lines shall be preheated to their respective operating
temperatures before the test begins.)
e) Adjust the sample flow rates to the desired flow rate and set the gas flow measuring devices to zero.
1) For gaseous bag samples, the sample flow rate shall be set to the appropriate levels.
2) For hydrocarbon samples, if necessary, the sample flow rate for the flame ionization detection (FID)
(or heated flame ionization detection (HFID) in the case of methanol-fuelled motorcycles) shall be
set to the appropriate levels.
f) Attach the flexible exhaust tube to the motorcycle tailpipe(s).
g) Start the gas flow measuring device, position the sample selector valves to direct the sample flow into
the exhaust sample bag, the dilution air sample bag, turn the key on, and start cranking the engine.
h) Put the transmission in gear;
i) Begin the initial motorcycle acceleration of the driving schedule.
j) Operate the test motorcycle according to the driving cycles specified in 4.4.1.
k) At the end of the part 1 or part 1 reduced speed in cold condition, simultaneously switch the sample
flows from the first sampling bags and samples to the second sampling bags and samples, switch off gas
flow measuring device No. 1 and start gas flow measuring device No. 2.
l) In case of class 3 motorcycles capable of running part 3 of the WMTC, at the end of part 2, simultaneously
switch the sample flows from the second sampling bags and samples to the third sampling bags and
samples, switch off gas flow measuring device No. 2 and, start gas flow measuring device No. 3.
m) Before starting a new part, record the measured roll or shaft revolutions and reset the counter or switch
to a second counter. As soon as possible, transfer the exhaust and dilution air samples to the analytical
system and process the samples according to 4.7.1.1, obtaining a stabilized reading of the exhaust bag
sample on all analysers within 30 min of the end of the sample collection phase of the test.
n) Turn the engine off 2 s after the end of the last part of the test.
o) Immediately after the end of the sample period, turn off the cooling fan.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
p) Turn off the constant volume sampler (CVS).
q) Disconnect the exhaust tube from the test motorcycle tailpipe(s) and remove the motorcycle from the
dynamometer.
r) For comparison and analysis reasons, second-by-second emissions (diluted gas) data may be monitored
as well as the bag results. Type 2 tests
4.6.1.4 Conditions of measurement
4.6.2.1.1 The type 2 test specified in 4.5 shall be measured immediately after the type 1 test with the
engine at normal idling speed and at high idle.
4.6.2.1.2 The following parameters shall be measured and recorded at normal idling speed and at high
idle speed:
a) the carbon monoxide content by volume of the exhaust gases emitted;
b) the carbon dioxide content by volume of the exhaust gases emitted;
c) the engine speed during the test, including any tolerances;
d) the engine oil temperature at the time of the test.
4.6.1.5 Sampling exhaust gases
4.6.2.2.1 The exhaust outlets shall be provided with an air-tight extension, so that the sampling probe
used to collect exhaust gases may be inserted into the exhaust outlet at least 60 cm, without increasing
the back pressure of more than 125 mm H O, and without disturbance of the test motorcycle running. The
shape of this extension shall however be chosen in order to avoid, at the location of the sampling probe, any
appreciable dilution of exhaust gases in the air. Where a motorcycle is equipped with an exhaust system
having multiple outlets, either these shall be joined to a common pipe or the content of carbon monoxide
shall be collected from each of them, the result of the measurement being reached from the arithmetical
average of these contents.
4.6.2.2.2 The concentrations in CO (c ) and CO (c ) shall be determined from the measuring instrument
CO 2 CO2
readings or recordings, by use of appropriate calibration curves. The results shall be corrected according to
4.7.2.
4.7 Analysis of results
4.7.1 Type 1 tests
4.7.1.1 Gaseous exhaust emission and fuel consumption analysis
4.7.1.1.1 Analysis of the samples contained in the bags
The analysis shall begin as soon as possible and in any event not later than 30 min after the end of the tests,
in order to determine
— the concentrations of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon dioxide in the sample
of dilution air contained in bag(s) B, and
— the concentrations of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and carbon dioxide in the sample
of diluted exhaust mixture contained in bag(s) A.
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.7.1.2 Weighting of results
4.7.1.2.1 In case of repeated measurements, the emission results in g/km and the fuel consumption in
L/100 km obtained by the calculation method described in ISO 6460-1 are averaged for each cycle part.
4.7.1.2.2 The (average) result of part 1 or part 1 reduced speed is named R , the (average) result of part 1
in hot condition or part 1 reduced speed in hot condition is named R , the (average) result of part 2 or part
1hot
2 reduced speed is named R and the (average) result of part 3 or part 3 reduced speed is named R . Using
2, 3
these emission results in g/km and the fuel consumption in L/100 km; the final result R, depending on the
motorcycle class as defined in 4.3, shall be calculated by means of Formulae (9) to (11).
Class 1
RRwRw (9)
11 11hothot
Class 2
RRwRw (10)
11 22
Class 3
RRwRwRw (11)
11 22 33
4.7.1.2.3 For each pollutant, the carbon dioxide emission and the fuel consumption the weightings shown
in Table 1 shall be used.
Table 1 — Weighting factors for the final emission and fuel consumption results
Motorcycle
Cycle Weighting
class
Part 1, cold w 30 %
Class 1
Part 1, hot w 70 %
1hot
Part 1, cold w 30 %
Class 2
Part 2, hot w 70 %
Part 1, cold w 25 %
Class 3 Part 2, hot w 50 %
Part 3, hot w 25 %
4.7.2 Type 2 tests
4.7.2.1 The corrected concentration for carbon monoxide (c and c in per cent volume) is
CO,ec2 CO,ec4
calculated in accordance with Formula (12).
cc (12)
CO,ec4 CO,e
cc
CO,e CO2,e
4.7.2.2 The concentration in c measured according to 4.6.2.2 need not be corrected if the total of the
CO,e
concentrations measured, c + c is at least 15 for four-stroke engines.
CO,e CO2,e,
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
4.8 Driving cycles for type 1 tests
Key
X time, s
Y speed, km/h
1 part 1
2 part 1, reduced speed
Figure 3 — Cycle part 1
Key
X time, s
Y speed, km/h
1 part 2
2 part 2, reduced speed
Figure 4 — Cycle part 2 for motorcycle classes 2 and 3
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Key
X time, s
Y speed, km/h
1 part 3
2 part 3, reduced speed
Figure 5 — Cycle part 3 for motorcycle class 3
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Table 2 — Cycle part 1, reduced speed for motorcycle classes 1 and 2-1, 1 s to 180 s
Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators
Time Time Time
speed speed speed
s s s
Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec
km/h km/h km/h
0 0,0 X  41 28,7 X 82 32,9 X
1 0,0 X  42 27,9 X 83 34,7 X
2 0,0 X  43 27,4 X 84 34,8 X
3 0,0 X  44 27,3 X 85 34,8 X
4 0,0 X  45 27,3 X 86 34,9 X
5 0,0 X  46 27,4 X 87 35,4 X
6 0,0 X  47 27,5 X 88 36,2 X
7 0,0 X  48 27,6 X 89 37,1 X
8 0,0 X  49 27,6 X 90 38,0 X
9 0,0 X  50 27,6 X 91 38,7 X
10 0,0 X  51 27,8 X 92 38,9 X
11 0,0 X  52 28,1 X 93 38,9 X
12 0,0 X  53 28,5 X 94 38,8 X
13 0,0 X  54 28,9 X 95 38,5 X
14 0,0 X  55 29,2 X 96 38,1 X
15 0,0 X  56 29,4 X 97 37,5 X
16 0,0 X  57 29,7 X 98 37,0 X
17 0,0 X  58 30,0 X 99 36,7 X
18 0,0 X  59 30,5 X 100 36,5 X
19 0,0 X  60 30,6  X 101 36,5 X
20 0,0 X  61 29,6  X 102 36,6 X
21 0,0 X  62 26,9  X 103 36,8 X
22 1,0 X 63 23,0  X 104 37,0 X
23 2,6 X 64 18,6  X 105 37,1 X
24 4,8 X 65 14,1  X 106 37,3 X
25 7,2 X 66 9,3  X 107 37,4 X
26 9,6 X 67 4,8  X 108 37,5 X
27 12,0 X 68 1,9  X 109 37,4 X
28 14,3 X 69 0,0 X  110 36,9  X
29 16,6 X 70 0,0 X  111 36,0  X
30 18,9 X 71 0,0 X  112 34,8  X
31 21,2 X 72 0,0 X  113 31,9  X
32 23,5 X 73 0,0 X  114 29,0  X
33 25,6 X 74 1,7 X 115 26,9  X
34 27,1 X 75 5,8 X 116 24,7 X
35 28,0 X 76 11,8 X 117 25,4 X
36 28,7 X 77 17,3 X 118 26,4 X
37 29,2 X 78 22,0 X 119 27,7 X
38 29,8 X 79 26,2 X 120 29,4 X
39 30,3 X 80 29,4 X 121 31,2 X
40 29,6 X 81 31,1 X 122 33,0 X
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Table 2 — (continued)
Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators
Time Time Time
speed speed speed
s s s
Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec
km/h km/h km/h
123 34,4 X 143 29,7  X 163 0,0 X
124 35,2 X 144 28,1  X 164 0,0 X
125 35,4  X 145 25,0  X 165 0,0 X
126 35,2  X 146 20,3  X 166 0,0 X
127 34,7  X 147 15,0  X 167 0,0 X
128 33,9  X 148 9,7  X 168 0,0 X
129 32,4  X 149 5,0  X 169 0,0 X
130 29,8  X 150 1,6  X 170 0,0 X
131 26,1  X 151 0,0 X  171 0,0 X
132 22,1  X 152 0,0 X  172 0,0 X
133 18,6  X 153 0,0 X  173 0,0 X
134 16,8 X 154 0,0 X  174 0,0 X
135 17,7 X 155 0,0 X  175 0,0 X
136 21,1 X 156 0,0 X  176 0,0 X
137 25,4 X 157 0,0 X  177 0,0 X
138 29,2 X 158 0,0 X  178 0,0 X
139 31,6 X 159 0,0 X  179 0,0 X
140 32,1  X 160 0,0 X  180 0,0 X
141 31,6  X 161 0,0 X
142 30,7  X 162 0,0 X
Table 3 — Cycle part 1, reduced speed for motorcycle classes 1 and 2–1, 181 s to 360 s
Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators
Time Time Time
speed speed speed
s s s
Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec
km/h km/h km/h
181 0,0 X  196 37,8 X 211 46,9 X
182 0,0 X  197 39,6 X 212 47,2 X
183 0,0 X  198 41,3 X 213 47,8 X
184 0,0 X  199 43,3 X 214 48,4 X
185 0,4 X 200 45,1 X 215 48,9 X
186 1,8 X 201 47,5 X 216 49,2 X
187 5,4 X 202 49,0 X 217 49,6 X
188 11,1 X 203 50,0 X 218 49,9 X
189 16,7 X 204 49,5 X 219 50,0 X
190 21,3 X 205 48,8 X 220 49,8 X
191 24,8 X 206 47,6 X 221 49,5 X
192 28,4 X 207 46,5 X 222 49,2 X
193 31,8 X 208 46,1 X 223 49,3 X
194 34,6 X 209 46,1 X 224 49,4 X
195 36,3 X 210 46,6 X 225 49,4 X
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Table 3 — (continued)
Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators
Time Time Time
speed speed speed
s s s
Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec
km/h km/h km/h
226 48,6 X 267 0,5 X 308 25,7 X
227 47,8 X 268 2,9 X 309 25,5 X
228 47,0 X 269 8,2 X 310 25,7 X
229 46,9 X 270 13,2 X 311 26,4 X
230 46,6 X 271 17,8 X 312 27,3 X
231 46,6 X 272 21,4 X 313 28,1 X
232 46,6 X 273 24,1 X 314 27,9  X
233 46,9 X 274 26,4 X 315 26,0  X
234 46,4 X 275 28,4 X 316 22,7  X
235 45,6 X 276 29,9 X 317 19,0  X
236 44,4 X 277 30,5 X 318 16,0  X
237 43,5 X 278 30,5 X 319 14,6 X
238 43,2 X 279 30,3 X 320 15,2 X
239 43,3 X 280 30,2 X 321 16,9 X
240 43,7 X 281 30,1 X 322 19,3 X
241 43,9 X 282 30,1 X 323 22,0 X
242 43,8  X 283 30,1 X 324 24,6 X
243 43,0  X 284 30,2 X 325 26,8 X
244 40,9  X 285 30,2 X 326 27,9 X
245 36,9  X 286 30,2 X 327 28,0 X
246 32,1  X 287 30,2 X 328 27,7 X
247 26,6  X 288 30,5 X 329 27,1 X
248 21,8  X 289 31,0 X 330 26,8 X
249 17,2  X 290 31,9 X 331 26,6 X
250 13,7  X 291 32,8 X 332 26,8 X
251 10,3  X 292 33,7 X 333 27,0 X
252 7,0  X 293 34,5 X 334 27,2 X
253 3,5  X 294 35,1 X 335 27,4 X
254 0,0 X  295 35,5 X 336 27,5 X
255 0,0 X  296 35,6 X 337 27,7 X
256 0,0 X  297 35,4 X 338 27,9 X
257 0,0 X  298 35,0 X 339 28,1 X
258 0,0 X  299 34,0 X 340 28,3 X
259 0,0 X  300 32,4 X 341 28,6 X
260 0,0 X  301 30,6 X 342 29,1 X
261 0,0 X  302 29,0 X 343 29,6 X
262 0,0 X  303 27,8 X 344 30,1 X
263 0,0 X  304 27,2 X 345 30,6 X
264 0,0 X  305 26,9 X 346 30,8 X
265 0,0 X  306 26,5 X 347 30,8 X
266 0,0 X  307 26,1 X 348 30,8 X
PROOF/ÉPREUVE
Table 3 — (continued)
Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators
Time Time Time
speed speed speed
s s s
Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec Stop Acc Cruise Dec
km/h km/h km/h
349 30,8 X 353 30,8 X 357 30,8 X
350 30,8 X 354 30,9 X 358 30,4 X
351 30,8 X 355 30,9 X 359 29,6 X
352 30,8 X 356 30,9 X 360 28,4 X
Table 4 — Cycle part 1, reduced speed for motorcycle classes 1 and 2–1, 361 s to 540 s
Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicators Roller Phase indicato
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ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:2025(en)
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ISO/TC 22/SC 38
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Secretariat: UNI/CUNA
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Date: 2026-08-10 .
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Motorcycles — Measurement method for gaseous exhaust
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emissions and fuel consumption —
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Part 2:
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Test cycles and specific test conditions
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Date: 2025-06-17
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Motocycles — Méthode de mesure des émissions de gaz d'échappement et de la consommation de
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carburant — —Partie 2: Conditions d'essai spécifiques et cycles d'essai
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Partie 2: Conditions d'essai spécifiques et cycles d'essai
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Copyright notice
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iii
ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
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Contents
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Foreword . v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Test cycle . 1
4.1 General . 1
4.2 Test room conditions . 2
4.3 Motorcycle classification . 2
4.4 Type 1 tests . 4
4.5 Type 2 tests . 11
4.6 Test procedures . 11
4.7 Analysis of results . 14
4.8 Driving cycles for type 1 tests . 17
5 Presentation of results . 82
Annex A (normative) Presentation of results for gaseous exhaust emissions . 83
Annex B (normative) Presentation of results of fuel consumption . 86
Annex C (informative) Test cycles. 89
Annex D (informative) Explanatory note on the gearshift procedure . 93
Bibliography . 95

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iv
iv
ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:20252026(en)
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Foreword
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ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
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The committee responsible for thisThis document iswas prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road
vehicles, Subcommittee SC 38, Motorcycles and mopeds.
This second edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 6460--2:2014), which has been technically Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
revised.
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The main changes compared to the previous edition are as follows:
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— — The description of the test cycle described for the Scope is appropriately placed in the General section
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of the test cycle.
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2
cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
— — Added “UN GTR No.2 (WMTC) “ to the Normative references.
— — The test cycle is equivalent to the test cycle specified in WMTC.
[6] [6]
— — The test cycle specified in European Union Commission Directive 2003/77/EC is described in
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Annex CAnnex C for information.
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— — An explanation of the gear shift calculation is included in Annex DAnnex D for information.
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v
ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
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Introduction
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This document has been prepared to provide details of the typical test cycles for measurement of gaseous Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
exhaust emissions and fuel consumption. The measurements can be carried out by referring to this document
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The following revisions are mainly made in this document.
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— — The description of the test cycle described for the Scope is appropriately placed in the General section Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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of the test cycle.
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2
cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
— — Added “UN GTR No.2 (WMTC) “ to the Normative references.
— — The test cycle is equivalent to the test cycle specified in WMTC.
— — Corrected the starting sequence at test cycle start.
[6] [6]
— — The test cycle specified in European Union Commission Directive 2003/77/EC is described in
Annex CAnnex C for information.
— — An explanation of the gear shift calculation is included in Annex DAnnex D for information.
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vi
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 6460-2:2025(en)

Motorcycles — Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions
and fuel consumption —
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Part 2:
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Test cycles and specific test conditions
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1 Scope
This document specified the test cycles for measurement for the gaseous exhaust emissions from motorcycles,
and for determining the fuel consumption of motorcycles as defined in ISO 3833. It is applicable to motorcycles
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equipped with a spark ignition engine (four-stroke engine or rotary piston engine).
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2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 4106, Motorcycles — Engine test code — Net power
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ISO 6460--1, Motorcycles — Measurement method for gaseous exhaust emissions and fuel consumption —
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Part 1: General test requirements
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ISO 7117, Motorcycles — Measurement method for determining maximum speed
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UN GTR No.2 (WMTC) — Measurement procedure for two-wheeled motorcycles equipped with a positive or
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compression ignition engine with regard to the emission of gaseous pollutants, CO emissions and fuel
2 Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2
cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
consumption.
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3 Terms and definitions
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No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
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ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
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— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
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— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
34 Test cycle Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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3.14.1 General
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Not at 0.71 cm
The test cycle is equivalent to the test cycle specified in WMTC.
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ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
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3.24.2 Test room conditions
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The test room with the chassis dynamometer and the gas sample collection device shall have a temperature
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of 298 K ±5 K. The room temperature shall be measured twice in the vicinity of motorcycle cooling blower
Not at 0.71 cm
(fan), both before and after the type 1 test.
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3.34.3 Motorcycle classification
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3.3.14.3.1 General
Not at 0.71 cm
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Figure 1Figure 1 gives an overview of the motorcycle classification in terms of engine capacity and maximum
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motorcycle speed. The numerical values of the engine capacity and maximum motorcycle speed shall not be
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
rounded up or down.
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3.3.24.3.2 Class 1
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Motorcycles that fulfil either of the following specifications belong to class 1:
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
3 3 3
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50 cm < engine capacity < 150 cm and v ≤ 50 km/h or engine capacity < 150 cm and
max
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50 km/h < v < 100 km/h.
max
3.3.34.3.3 Class 2
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Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
Motorcycles that fulfil either of the following specifications belong to class 2:
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a) a) subclass 2-1: engine capacity < 150 cm and 100 km/h ≤ vmax < 115 km/h or engine
capacity ≥ 150 cm and v < 115 km/h;
max
Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: a, b,
c, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
Indent at: 0 cm, Adjust space between Latin and Asian
b) b) subclass 2-2: 115 km/h ≤ v < 130 km/h.
max
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
3.3.44.3.4 Class 3
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
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Motorcycles that fulfil either of the following specifications belong to class 3:
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Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
a) a) subclass 3-1: 130 km/h ≤ v < 140 km/h;
max
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b) b) subclass 3-2: vmax ≥ 140 km/h.
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c, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
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text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
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ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:20252026(en)
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Asian text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers

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Key
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3 Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2 cm + 4.9
X engine capacity, cm
cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
Y maximum motorcycle speed, km/h
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1 class 1
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
2 class 2 subclass 2-1
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3 class 2 subclass 2-2
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4 class 3 subclass 3-1
5 class 3 subclass 3-2 Formatted: FooterCentered, Left, Space Before: 0 pt,
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Figure 1— — Motorcycle classification
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ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
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3.44.4 Type 1 tests
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3.4.14.4.1 Driving schedules
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Not at 0.71 cm
3.4.1.14.4.1.1 Test cycles
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Test cycles (motorcycle speed patterns) for the type 1 test consists of up to three parts that are shown in
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
3.8.4.8. Depending on the motorcycle class (see 3.3),4.3), the following test cycle parts shall be run.
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a) a) class 1:
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part 1, reduced speed in cold condition, followed by part 1 reduced speed in hot condition;
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Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: a, b,
b) b) class 2:
c, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
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1) 1) subclass 2-1: part 1, reduced speed in cold condition, followed by part 2, reduced speed in hot
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
condition;
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
2) 2) subclass 2-2: part 1 in cold condition, followed by part 2 in hot condition;
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c) c) class 3
Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: a, b,
c, … + Start at: 2 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
1) 1) subclass 3-1: part 1 in cold condition, followed by part 2 in hot condition, followed by part 3
Indent at: 0 cm, Adjust space between Latin and Asian
reduced speed in hot condition; text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
2) 2) subclass 3-2: part 1 in cold condition, followed by part 2 in hot condition, followed by part 3 in
hot condition.
3.4.1.24.4.1.2 Speed tolerances
The speed tolerance at any given time on the test cycle prescribed in 3.4.1.14.4.1.1 is defined by upper and Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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lower limits. The upper limit is 3,2 km/h higher than the highest point on the trace within 1 s of the given time.
The lower limit is 3,2 km/h lower than the lowest point on the trace within 1 s of the given time. Speed
variations greater than the tolerances (such as can occur during gear changes) are acceptable provided they
occur for less than 2 s on any occasion. Speeds lower than those prescribed are acceptable provided the
motorcycle is operated at maximum available power during such occurrences. Figure 2Figure 2 shows the
range of acceptable speed tolerances for typical points.
Apart from these exceptions the deviations of the roller speed from the set speed of the cycles shall meet the
requirements described above. If not, the test results shall not be used for the further analysis and the run
shall be repeated.
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ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:20252026(en)
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ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
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Key
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X time Asian text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
Y speed Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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1 1 s
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2 cm + 4.9
2 3,2 km/h
cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
a
Allowable range.
Figure 2— — Drivers trace, allowable range Formatted: None, Adjust space between Latin and Asian
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
3.4.24.4.2 Gearshift prescriptions
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Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
3.4.2.14.4.2.1 Test motorcycles with automatic transmission
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Motorcycles equipped with transfer cases, multiple sprockets, etc., shall be tested in the manufacturer's Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm + 1.55 cm + 1.9 cm
recommended configuration for street or highway use.
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All tests shall be conducted with automatic transmissions in “drive” (highest gear). Automatic clutch-torque Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
converter transmissions may be shifted as manual transmissions at the option of the manufacturer.
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ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:20252026(en)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
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Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Idle modes shall be run with automatic transmissions in “drive” and the wheels braked.
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Automatic transmissions shall shift automatically through the normal sequence of gears.
The deceleration modes shall be run in gear using brakes or throttle as necessary to maintain the desired
speed.
3.4.2.24.4.2.2 Test motorcycles with manual transmission
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3.4.2.2.14.4.2.2.1 Mandatory requirements Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm + 1.55 cm + 1.9 cm
3.4.2.2.1.14.4.2.2.1.1 Step 1 — Calculation of shift speeds
Upshift speeds ( v (𝑣𝑣 and v )𝑣𝑣 ) in km/h during acceleration phases shall be calculated in Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
12→ 1→2 ii→+1 𝑖𝑖→𝑖𝑖+1
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accordance with Formulae (1)Formulae (1) and (2).(2).
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 P 
 n  
−×1,9
 
m +75
 
k
v 0,5753×e −0,1×(sn− )+ n× (1)
1→2 idle idle


ndv


  
 P 
 n  
−×1,9
 
m +75 
 
k
v 0,5753×e ×(s− n )+ n× , i 2 to ng−1 (2)
ii→+1 idle idle

 
ndv
i

 
  
𝑃𝑃
n
(−1,9× )
𝑚𝑚+75
k
𝑣𝑣 = [(0,575 3 ×𝑒𝑒 − 0,1) × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] ×
1→2 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
(1)
𝑃𝑃
n
(−1,9× )
𝑚𝑚+75
k
𝑣𝑣 = [(0,575 3 ×𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] × , 𝑖𝑖 = 2 to 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛− 1
𝑖𝑖→𝑖𝑖+1 𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖𝑖 idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
𝑖𝑖
(2)
where Formatted: where_keep-with-next, Adjust space
between Latin and Asian text, Adjust space between
Asian text and numbers
i is the gear number (≥2);
ng is the total number of forward gears; Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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Pn is the rated power, in kW;
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2 cm + 4.9
mk is the kerb mass, in kg;
cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
−1
n is the idling speed, in min ;
idle
−1
s is the rated engine speed, in min ;
−1
ndvi is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear i.
Downshift speeds ( v )(𝑣𝑣 ) in km/h during cruise or deceleration phases in gear 4 (4th gear) to ng Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
𝑖𝑖→𝑖𝑖−1
ii→−1
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
shall be calculated in accordance with Formula (3).Formula (3).
 P 
 n  
−×1,9
 
 
m +75
 k 
v 0,5753×e × sn−+ n× , i= 4 to ng (3)
( )
ii→−1 idle idle
 
ndv
 i−2
 
  
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Formatted: Font: 10 pt
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=
= =
=
ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
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Formatted: Font: Bold
𝑃𝑃
n
(−1,9× )
𝑚𝑚+75 Formatted: HeaderCentered
k
𝑣𝑣 = [(0,575 3 ×𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] × , 𝑖𝑖 =  4 to 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛
𝑖𝑖→𝑖𝑖−1 idle idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
𝑖𝑖−2
(3)
where
Formatted: where_keep-with-next, Adjust space
between Latin and Asian text, Adjust space between
Asian text and numbers
i is the gear number (≥4);
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ng is the total number of forward gears;
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Pn is the rated power, in kW;
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2 cm + 4.9
mk is the kerb mass, in kg;
cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
−1
nidle is the idling speed, in min ;
−1
s is the rated engine speed, in min ;
−1
ndv is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear i−2.
i−2
The downshift speed from gear 3 to gear 2 ( v )(𝑣𝑣 ) shall be calculated in accordance with Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
32→ 3→2
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
Formula (4).Formula (4).
 P 
 n  
−×1,9
 
m +75
 k 
v 0,5753×e −0,1×(sn− )+ n× (4)
3→2 idle idle


ndv


  
𝑃𝑃
n
(−1,9× )
𝑚𝑚+75
k
𝑣𝑣 = [(0,575 3 ×𝑒𝑒 − 0,1) × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] ×
3→2 idle idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
(4)
where Formatted: where_keep-with-next, Adjust space
between Latin and Asian text, Adjust space between
Asian text and numbers
Pn is the rated power, in kW;
m is the kerb mass, in kg; Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
k
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
−1
n is the idling speed, in min ;
idle
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2 cm + 4.9
−1
s is the rated engine speed, in min ;
cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
−1
ndv1 is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear 1.
The downshift speed from gear 2 to gear 1 ( v )(𝑣𝑣 ) shall be calculated in accordance with Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
2→1
21→
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
Formula (5).Formula (5).
v 0,03×(sn− )+ n × (5)
[ ]
2→1 idle idle
ndv
𝑣𝑣 = [0,03 × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] ×
2→1 idle idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
(5)
−1
where ndv is the ratio between engine speed, in min , and motorcycle speed, in km/h, in gear 2. Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
Since the cruise phases are defined by the phase indicator, slight speed increases could occur and it can be
meaningful to apply an upshift. The upshift speeds ( v , v (𝑣𝑣 , 𝑣𝑣 and v )𝑣𝑣 ) in km/h
12→ 23→ 1→2 2→3 ii→+1 𝑖𝑖→𝑖𝑖+1
during cruise phases can be calculated in accordance with Formulae (6)Formulae (6) to (8).(8). Formatted: Default Paragraph Font
Formatted: FooterPageNumber
=
=
ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:20252026(en)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
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Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left
v 0,03× sn− + n × (6)
[ ( ) ]
1→2 idle idle
ndv
 P 
 n  
−×1,9
 
m +75
 
k
v 0,5753×e −0,1×(sn− )+ n× (7)
2→3 idle idle


ndv


  
 P 
 n  
−×1,9
 
m +75 
 
k
v 0,5753×e ×(sn− )+ n× , i= 3 to ng−1 (8)
ii→+1 idle idle

 
ndv
i−1

 

𝑣𝑣 = [0,03 × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] ×
1→2 idle idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
(6)
𝑃𝑃
n
(−1,9× )
𝑚𝑚+75
k
𝑣𝑣 = [(0,575 3 ×𝑒𝑒 − 0,1) × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] ×
2→3 idle idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
(7)
𝑃𝑃
n
(−1,9× )
𝑚𝑚+75
k
𝑣𝑣 = [(0,575 3 ×𝑒𝑒 ) × (𝑠𝑠−𝑛𝑛 ) +𝑛𝑛 ] × , 𝑖𝑖 =  3 to 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛− 1
𝑖𝑖→𝑖𝑖+1 idle idle
𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑣𝑣
𝑖𝑖−1
(8)
The results of shift speeds shall be mathematically rounded to the first place of the decimal point.
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
3.4.2.2.1.24.4.2.2.1.2 Step 2 — Gear choice for each cycle sample
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Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm + 1.55 cm + 1.66 cm
In order to avoid different interpretations about acceleration, deceleration, cruise, and stop phases,
+ 1.9 cm + 2.01 cm + 2.4 cm + 2.54 cm
corresponding indicators are added to the motorcycle speed pattern as integral parts of the cycles (see
Tables 2 to 25).Tables 2 to 25). Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
The appropriate gear for each sample shall then be calculated according to the motorcycle speed ranges
resulting from the shift speed formulae [Formulae (1) to (8)] Formula
(1) to Formula
(8)and these phase indicators for the cycle parts appropriate for the test motorcycle as follows:
— — gear choice for stop phases Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2
For the last 5 s of a stop phase, the gear lever shall be set to gear 1 and the clutch shall be disengaged. For
cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
the previous part of a stop phase, the gear lever shall be set to neutral or the clutch shall be disengaged.
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
— — gear choice for acceleration phases:
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
— — gear 1, if v≤ v ;𝑣𝑣≤𝑣𝑣 ;
12→ 1→2
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2
cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
— — gear 2, if v < v≤ v ;𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣≤𝑣𝑣 ;
1→→2 23 1→2 2→3
— — gear 3, if v < v≤ v ;𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣≤𝑣𝑣 ;
2→3 3→4
23→→3 4
Formatted: Font: 10 pt
Formatted: Font: 10 pt
— — gear 4, if v < v≤ v ;𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣≤𝑣𝑣 ;
3→4 4→5
3→4 45→
Formatted: FooterCentered, Left, Space Before: 0 pt,
Line spacing: single, Tab stops: Not at 17.2 cm
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
=
=
=
ISO/PRF 6460-2 DIS:2026(en)
Formatted: Font: Bold
Formatted: Font: Bold
Formatted: Font: Bold
— — gear 5, if v < v≤ v ;𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣≤𝑣𝑣 ;
4→→5 56 4→5 5→6
Formatted: HeaderCentered
— — gear 6, if v> v ;𝑣𝑣 >𝑣𝑣 ;
5→6
56→
— — gear choice for deceleration or cruise phases:
— — gear 1, if v< v ;𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣 ;
2→1
21→
— — gear 2, if v< v ;𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣 ;
32→ 3→2
— — gear 3, if v ≤ v< v ;𝑣𝑣 ≤𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣 ;
3→2 4→3
32→→4 3
— — gear 4, if v ≤ v< v ;𝑣𝑣 ≤𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣 ;
4→3 5→4
43→→5 4
— — gear 5, if v ≤ v< v ;𝑣𝑣 ≤𝑣𝑣 <𝑣𝑣 ;
5→4 6→5
5→→4 65
— — gear 6, if v≥ v .𝑣𝑣≥𝑣𝑣 .
45→ 4→5
The clutch shall be disengaged, if Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
a) a) the motorcycle speed drops below 10 km/h,
Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: a, b,
c, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
Indent at: 0 cm, Adjust space between Latin and Asian
b) b) the engine speed drops below n + 0,03 × (s – n ), or
idle idle
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
c) c) there is a risk of engine stalling during cold start phase.
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
3.4.2.2.1.34.4.2.2.1.3 Step 3 — Corrections according to additional requirements
The gear choice has then to be modified according to the following requirements. Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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a) a) There shall be no gearshift at a transition from an acceleration phase to a deceleration phase.
Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: a, b,
c, … + Start at: 1 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
The gear that was used for the last second of the acceleration phase shall be kept for the following
Indent at: 0 cm, Adjust space between Latin and Asian
deceleration phase unless the speed drops below a downshift speed.
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
b) b) There shall be no upshifts or downshifts by more than one gear, except from gear 2 to neutral
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
during decelerations down to stop.(Example: Gear 4→4→4→4→3→3→3→3→1→1→1→1 will be replaced
by gear 4→4→4→4→3→3→3→3→2→1→1→1.)
c) c) Upshifts or downshifts for up to 4 s are replaced by the gear before, if the gears before and after
are identical. (Examples: Gear 2→3→3→3→2 will be replaced by gear 2→2→2→2→2; gear
4→3→3→3→3→4 will be replaced by gear 4→4→4→4→4→4.)
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
In the cases of consecutive circumstances, the gear used longer takes over. (Example: Gear
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
2→2→2→3→3→3→2→2→2→2→3→3→3 will be replaced by 2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→3→3→3.)
Formatted: Numbered + Level: 1 + Numbering Style: a, b,
c, … + Start at: 4 + Alignment: Left + Aligned at: 0 cm +
If used for the same time, dominate a series of succeeding gears with a series of preceding gears. (Example:
Indent at: 0 cm, Adjust space between Latin and Asian
2→2→2→3→3→3→2→2→2→3→3→3 will be replaced by 2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→2→3→3→ 3.)
text, Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab
stops: Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm
+ 4.2 cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
d) d) There shall be no downshift during an acceleration phase.
Formatted: FooterPageNumber
ISO/DIS PRF 6460-2:20252026(en)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
Formatted: English (United Kingdom)
3.4.2.2.24.4.2.2.2 Optional provisions
Formatted: HeaderCentered, Left
The gear choice may be modified according to the following provisions. Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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— — The use of lower gears than determined by the requirements described in 3.4.2.2.14.4.2.2.1 is
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
permitted in any cycle phase. Manufacturers' recommendations for gear use shall be followed, if they do Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
Not at 0.7 cm + 1.4 cm + 2.1 cm + 2.8 cm + 3.5 cm + 4.2
not result in higher gears than determined by the requirements described in 3.4.2.2.1.4.4.2.2.1.
cm + 4.9 cm + 5.6 cm + 6.3 cm + 7 cm
NOTE 1 The calculation program to be found on the UN website at the URL below can be used as an aid for the gear
selection:
https://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp29/wp29wgs/wp29grpe/wmtc.htmlhttps://www.unece.org/trans/main/wp2
9/wp29wgs/wp29grpe/wmtc.html.
NOTE 2 Explanations of the approach and the gearshift strategy are given in Annex DAnnex D
3.54.5 Type 2 tests
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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Not at 0.71 cm
3.5.14.5.1 Application
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This requirement only applies to all test motorcycles powered by a positive-ignition engine. Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
3.5.24.5.2 Measured gaseous pollutant
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The content by volume of carbon monoxide shall be measured immediately after the type 1 test.
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
3.5.34.5.3 Engine test speeds
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
The test shall be carried out with the engine at normal idling speed and at “high idle” speed. High idle speed is
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
−1
defined by the manufacturer but it shall be higher than 2 000 min .
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
3.5.44.5.4 Gear lever position
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
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In the case of test motorcycles with manually operated or semi-automatic shift gearboxes, the test shall be
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers
carried out with the gear lever in the “neutral” position and with the clutch engaged. In the case of test
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
motorcycles with automatic-shift gearboxes, the test shall be carried out with the gear selector in either the
Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
“neutral” or the “park” position.
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
3.64.6 Test procedures
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3.6.14.6.1 Type 1 tests
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Not at 0.71 cm
3.6.1.14.6.1.1 Emissions tests
Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
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3.6.1.1.14.6.1.1.1 Engine starting and restarting
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm
4.6.1.1.1.1 3.6.1.1.1.1 The engine shall be started according to the manufacturer's recommended Formatted: Adjust space between Latin and Asian text,
starting procedures. The test cycle run shall begin when the engine starts. Adjust space between Asian text and numbers, Tab stops:
Not at 0.71 cm + 0.99 cm + 1.27 cm + 1.55 cm + 1.9 cm
4.6.1.1.1.2 3.6.1.1.1.2 Test motorcycles equipped with automatic chokes shall be operated according
Formatted: Font: Not Bold
to the instructions in the manufacturer's operating instructions or owner's manual including
Formatted: Font: Not Bold
choke setting and “kick-down” from cold fast idle. If necessary, braking may be employed to keep
the drive wheels from turning.
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Formatted: Font: 10 pt
4.6.1.1.1.3 3.6.1.1.1.3 Test motorcycles equipped with manual chokes shall be operated according to
the manufacturer's operating instructions or owner's manual. Where times are provided in the
Formatted: Font: 10 pt
instructions, the point for operation may be specified, within 15 s of the recommended time.
Formatted: FooterCentered, Left, Space Before: 0 pt,
Line spacing: single, Tab stops: Not at 17.2 cm
Formatted: Font: 11 pt
ISO
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