ISO/TS 18152:2010
(Main)Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Specification for the process assessment of human-system issues
Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Specification for the process assessment of human-system issues
ISO/TS 18152:2010 presents a human-systems (HS) model for use in ISO/IEC 15504-conformant assessment of the maturity of an organization in performing the processes that make a system usable, healthy and safe. It describes processes that address human-system issues and the outcomes of these processes. It details the practices and work products associated with achieving the outcomes of each process.
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système - Spécification pour l'évaluation de processus des aspects homme-système
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TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 18152
First edition
2010-06-01
Ergonomics of human-system
interaction — Specification for the
process assessment of human-system
issues
Ergonomie de l'interaction homme-système — Spécification pour
l'évaluation de processus des aspects homme-système
Reference number
©
ISO 2010
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Conformance .1
3 Normative references.2
4 Terms and definitions .2
5 Symbols (and abbreviated terms).6
6 Content and format of the model.6
6.1 Use of this Technical Specification .6
6.2 Format of the HS model.7
7 Human-system process category (HS) .9
7.1 HS.1 Life cycle involvement .9
7.2 HS.2 Integrate human factors.12
7.3 HS.3 Human-centred design .17
Annex A (informative) Exemplar assessment model .20
Annex B (informative) Structure and context of the human-system model.63
Annex C (informative) Human resources process.68
Annex D (informative) Use of the human-system life cycle processes.71
Annex E (informative) ISO/IEC 15504 capability scale and attributes .75
Annex F (informative) Mapping between processes in this specification .81
Annex G (informative) Mapping to ISO 13407 and ISO/TR 18529.85
Annex H (informative) Mapping to ISO/IEC 15288 .87
Annex I (informative) Conformance with ISO/IEC 15504.89
Bibliography.92
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 18152 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 159, Ergonomics, Subcommittee SC 4,
Ergonomics of human-system interaction. It extends and formalises the user-centred processes defined in
ISO 13407. It is presented in a similar form to the process definitions for sofware development defined in
ISO/IEC 15504 developed by ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 7.
This first edition of ISO/TS 18152 cancels and replaces ISO/PAS 18152:2003 , of which it constitutes a minor
revision.
iv © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
Introduction
By the time ISO/PAS 18152 had reached the end of its six-year life it had proved to be a useful collection of
information with a range of uses. For example, it is cited in ISO/IEC 15288 (the reference model for systems
engineering) as the means to address human-system issues in the system lifecycle. However, there are a
number of ongoing developments in other standards and related pre-standardization work in ISO/TC 159 and
in other ISO technical committees that need to be completed before the material in this Technical
Specification can be further developed into a standard or other ISO document. In order to ensure its continued
availability within ISO until a project is started to develop a possible successor, it has been converted into this
Technical Specification.
This Technical Specification presents a view of system life cycle processes with an emphasis on the
identification and handling of issues related to people (users and other stakeholders). It is intended for use in
process assessment. The specification describes a set of processes that address issues associated with
humans throughout the life cycle of a system.
Process models offer
a) the potential to analyse the ability of an organization to deliver and/or maintain a system that meets a
required level of performance,
b) a description of the factors that hinder this ability, and
c) the means of addressing such shortcomings and mitigating risk.
These have led to the widespread adoption of process modelling and assessment as an element in the
assurance of timely and effective system delivery. Processes are defined at the level of what is done to
develop and operate a system or organization. Process reference models have been defined for particular
applications and industries. International Standard process models are being developed by ISO and
ISO/IEC JTC 1. This Technical Specification provides a bridge between standardization in the area of
Ergonomics (by ISO/TC 159) and the life cycle standardization being carried out by ISO/IEC JTC 1,
Information technology, SC 7, Software engineering.
ISO/TS 18152 makes the contents of ISO 13407 accessible to process assessors and to those familiar with,
or involved in, process modelling. ISO/TS 18152 extends the range of processes in ISO 13407 to cover the
integration of human-centred design with project and organizational processes and makes a clearer
separation between human-centred processes and human-centred design in the system life cycle. A mapping
between ISO/TS 18152 and ISO 13407 is provided in Annex G.
ISO/TS 18152 informs the developers and users of process models who want to integrate Ergonomics/Human
Factors processes in system, hardware and software life cycles in order to assure system usability, health and
safety.
The processes in ISO/TS 18152 (the Human-System process model, or HS model) present a collation of good
practice in ergonomics/human factors, user/human-centred design and human factors integration across a
range of industries worldwide. These processes are performed by a range of staff and with different degrees
of rigour depending on the industrial sector, the type of system, its purpose or use and the need for an
assured level of usability.
ISO/TS 18152 has been developed with the following objectives in mind:
⎯ To provide the means of assessing and mitigating risks arising from human-system issues that will affect
usability through the life cycle, both at transition points between life cycle stages and during each stage.
⎯ To provide a description of human-system processes for use in project planning and for inter-disciplinary
communication.
⎯ As a basis for understanding and cooperation during the tendering process and for human-system
capability evaluation to support contract award, either in a stand-alone manner or in conjunction with a
software or system capability evaluation.
⎯ To provide a basis for structured human-system process improvement by supplier, customer or employer
organizations.
vi © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 18152:2010(E)
Ergonomics of human-system interaction — Specification for
the process assessment of human-system issues
1 Scope
This Technical Specification presents a human-systems (HS) model for use in ISO/IEC 15504-conformant
assessment of the maturity of an organization in performing the processes that make a system usable, healthy
and safe. It describes processes that address human-system issues and the outcomes of these processes. It
details the practices and work products associated with achieving the outcomes of each process.
The model describes processes for specifying and evaluating usability, health and safety, but it does not
address all processes relating to their achievement.
The model will always be tailored to the specific organizational and system context prior to use in assessment.
Annex D provides advice on tailoring process models for a range of uses.
The HS model does not define the roles or competencies of staff who perform HS processes.
This Technical Specification is intended for use by process assessors and those developing process
assessment models and tools. It may be informative for those responsible for human factors activities and
human factors specialists. The latter groups of readers should familiarise themselves with the vocabulary of
process modelling and process assessment prior to reading this Technical Specification. The Bibliography
lists informative standards and texts.
This Technical Specification is intended to be used in conjunction with ISO 13407 and ISO/IEC 15504. The
latter standard provides the framework in which the process descriptions in this Technical Specification may
be used. This Technical Specification defines an additional category of processes for use with other process
standards, for example ISO/IEC 12207 and ISO/IEC 15288.
NOTE 1 Readers of this Technical Specification are expected to be familiar with ISO 13407 and ISO/IEC 15504.
The HS model can be applied to the specification, design, assessment and operation of manned or embedded
systems, hardware and software. The HS model can be applied to generic systems (for example consumer
products), bespoke systems (for example control or defence systems) and systems which continuously
change to
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