ISO 15830-1:2022
(Main)Road vehicles — Design and performance specifications for the WorldSID 50th percentile male side-impact dummy — Part 1: Vocabulary and rationale
Road vehicles — Design and performance specifications for the WorldSID 50th percentile male side-impact dummy — Part 1: Vocabulary and rationale
This document provides the vocabulary, symbols, and rationale used in all parts of the ISO 15830 series for the WorldSID 50th percentile side-impact dummy, a standardized anthropomorphic dummy for near-side-impact tests of road vehicles.
Véhicules routiers — Conception et spécifications de performance pour le mannequin mondial (WorldSID), 50e percentile homme, de choc latéral — Partie 1: Vocabulaire et raisonnement
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15830-1
Third edition
2022-06
Road vehicles — Design and
performance specifications for the
WorldSID 50th percentile male side-
impact dummy —
Part 1:
Vocabulary and rationale
Véhicules routiers — Conception et spécifications de performance
pour le mannequin mondial (WorldSID), 50e percentile homme, de
choc latéral —
Partie 1: Vocabulaire et raisonnement
Reference number
ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 S c op e . 1
2 N ormative references . 1
3 T erms and definitions . 1
4 S ymbols, subscripts and abbreviated terms . 4
4.1 Symbols . 4
4. 2 Sub s c r ip t s . . 5
4 . 3 A bbr e v i at e d t er m s . 5
5 T echnical targets and performance of WorldSID . 6
Annex A (informative) Rationale regarding background and goals for WorldSID .7
Annex B (informative) Rationale regarding performance of the WorldSID (May 2005) .23
Annex C (informative) Biofidelity test data (May 2005 version) .40
Annex D (informative) Repeatability and reproducibility data (May 2005 version) .94
Bibliography . 109
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 36,
Safety and impact testing.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 15830-1:2013), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— in B.3.3.3 and Table B.4, corrected biofidelity rating of neck test 2;
— in B.3.6.3 and Table B.7, corrected biofidelity rating of abdomen test 3;
— in Table B.9, corrected biofidelity ratings;
— in Table B.10, replaced “rotation accelerometer” with “angular accelerometer or ARS”;
— in Table B.10, replaced “IR-TRACC” with “deflection sensors”;
— in Table B.10, removed ankle rotation sensors;
— replaced “WorldSID production dummy” with “WorldSID (May 2005 version)”;
— in Figure C.15, corrected zero offset;
— in Table C.3, corrected biofidelity rating of neck test 2;
— in Table C.13, corrected biofidelity ratings of abdomen test 3;
— in Table C.20, corrected biofidelity ratings.
A list of all parts in the ISO 15830 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Introduction
The purpose of the ISO 15830 series is to document the design and specifications of this side-impact
dummy in a form suitable and intended for worldwide use.
In 1997, the WorldSID 50th percentile adult male dummy development was initiated, with the aims
of defining a global-consensus side-impact dummy, with more human-like anthropometry, improved
biofidelity, and increased injury-monitoring capabilities, suitable, for example, for regulatory use.
Participating in the development were research institutes, dummy and instrumentation manufacturers,
governments, and vehicle manufacturers from around the world.
This document is intended to document information and design changes which have become available
since the publication of the second edition of the ISO 15830 series (2013-05-15).
In order to apply the ISO 15830 series properly, it is important that all four parts be used together.
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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Road vehicles — Design and performance specifications for
the WorldSID 50th percentile male side-impact dummy —
Part 1:
Vocabulary and rationale
1 S cope
This document provides the vocabulary, symbols, and rationale used in all parts of the ISO 15830 series
for the WorldSID 50th percentile side-impact dummy, a standardized anthropomorphic dummy for
near-side-impact tests of road vehicles.
2 Normat ive references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 T erms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
1-to-2-g-setting
joint friction setting which will support the weight of a horizontally extended limb segment but will not
support twice the limb segment weight
3.2
abdomen rib
lowest two ribs of the six mechanical ribs in the WorldSID dummy
3.3
aluminium honeycomb
manufactured material comprising multi-layered bonded sheets of aluminium bent or corrugated in a
rib pattern, in which there is an internal pattern of hexagonal cylindrical spaces
3.4
angular rate sensor
ARS
sensor which records angular velocity
3.5
arm
assembly of the WorldSID dummy comprising dedicated upper arm components which are different
from the components of the full arm (3.12)
Note 1 to entry: Unless otherwise specified, arm refers to the half arm for the ISO 15830 series.
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
3.6
C7
location corresponding to the seventh cervical vertebra in a human
3.7
capacity
maximum designed range for force or moment measurements
3.8
cheese screw
slotted button head screw
Note 1 to entry: This concept is also referred to as a slotted cheese head screw as defined by ISO 1207.
3.9
data acquisition system
DAS
system that includes sensors, recorders, cables and other associated hardware
3.10
docking station
data recorder connection point inside the dummy which allows the recorder to be conveniently
disconnected from the sensors
3.11
frontal
forward-facing or anterior surfaces of the dummy, when it is in a standing posture
3.12
full arm
optional assembly of the WorldSID dummy comprising the articulated upper arm and forearm, including
the hand
3.13
H-point
point on the outer surface of the dummy on an imaginary line which passes through the left and right
hip ball centres
3.14
H-point tool
device which can be inserted into index holes in the dummy pelvis to provide an external surface for
indicating the orientation of the pelvis and an imaginary line connecting the left and right hip ball joint
centres
3.15
head form
mechanical device with the same mass and I inertia as the WorldSID head, used for lateral neck
xx
validation (3.33) tests
3.16
infrared telescoping rod for assessment of chest compression
IR-TRACC
sensor for deflection measurements
3.17
L1
location corresponding to the first lumbar vertebra in a human
3.18
L5
location corresponding to the fifth lumbar vertebra in a human
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
3.19
lower leg
portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the ankle
3.20
mass replacement
non-electronic component which is substituted for a given dummy electronic component, which has the
same mass as the given electronic component, and which does not act as a structural component of the
dummy (e.g. an accelerometer)
3.21
rib deflection
change in distance between the accelerometer mount on the rib and the spine box
3.22
S1
location corresponding to the first sacral vertebra in a human
3.23
shoulder rib
upper-most rib of the six mechanical ribs in the WorldSID dummy
3.24
side impact dummy
dummy used to evaluate performance of impacts lateral to the dummy
3.25
structural replacement
non-electronic component which is substituted for a given dummy electronic component (e.g. a load
cell), which has the same mass as the given component, and which also acts as a structural component
of the dummy
3.26
thorax rib
second, third, and fourth upper-most ribs of the six mechanical ribs in the WorldSID dummy
3.27
T1
location corresponding to the first thoracic vertebra in a human
3.28
T4
location corresponding to the fourth thoracic vertebra in a human
3.29
T12
location corresponding to the twelfth thoracic vertebra in a human
3.30
tilt sensor
sensor that measures angle relative to gravity
3.31
universal
capable of being mounted at several different locations on the dummy
3.32
upper leg
portion of the lower extremity between the knee and the hip ball
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
3.33
validation
process by which the relevant dummy component or whole dummy is verified and documented to meet
the specifications
3.34
validation bench
specialized seat with defined seat bottom and seat back angles used to position the dummy for validation
(3.33) tests
3.35
W50-
prefix denoting WorldSID 50th percentile adult male dummy part or drawing number
4 S ymbols, subscripts and abbreviated terms
4.1 S ymbols
See Table 1.
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Table 1 — Symbols and their meanings
Symbol Meaning
a Linear acceleration
B Biofidelity rating for a body region
F Force
2
g Acceleration due to gravity (9,81 m/s )
M Moment
R Biofidelity rating for how well an individual response meets its requirement
V Biofidelity weighting factor for a test condition of a body region
W Biofidelity weighting factor for an individual response measurement
x Coordinate in accordance with SAE J1733
y Coordinate in accordance with SAE J1733
z Coordinate in accordance with SAE J1733
α Angular acceleration
β Maximum angular displacement of the head form relative to the neck pendulum
δ Deflection
θ Tilt angle
φ Angular displacement
ω Angular rate
4.2 Subscripts
See Table 2.
Table 2 — Subscripts and their meanings
Symbol Meaning
F Forward pendulum-to-head form sliding rod
H Head form
R Rearward pendulum-to-head form sliding rod
i, j, k Biofidelity rating:
i: body region
j: test condition for a given body region
k: response measurement for a given test condition j and body region i
x, y, z Coordinate system:
In the x, y, or z direction; about the x, y, or z axis where x, y, or z are in accordance SAE J1733
4.3 A bbreviated terms
See Table 3.
Table 3 — Abbreviated terms
Abbrevia- Meaning
tion
AMVO Anthropometry for Motor Vehicle Occupants data set (established by UMTRI)
APR Association Peugeot-Renault
A-P Anterior-posterior
ASIS Anterior superior iliac spine
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Table 3 (continued)
Abbrevia- Meaning
tion
ATD Anthropomorphic test device
BHCS Button head cap screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket button head screw as defined by the
ISO 7380 series
CG Centre of gravity
CFC Channel frequency class
CPSS Cone point set screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket set screw with cone point as defined
by ISO 4027
CPSSS Cone point socket set screw as defined by ISO 4027
CPNT Cone point nylon tip
DAS Data acquisition system
FHCS Flat head cap screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket countersunk head screw as defined by
ISO 10642
IARV Injury assessment reference value
ISO International Organization for Standardization
LHSHCS Low head socket head cap screw
MDB Movable deformable barrier
NHTSA National Highway Traffic Administration
NM Not measured
OC Occipital condyle
PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene
R-L Right-left
ROM Range of motion
SHCS Socket head cap screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket head cap screw as defined by
ISO 4762
SHSS Socket head shoulder screw, also referred to as a hexagon socket head shoulder screw as de-
fined by ISO 7379
SI Sacroiliac
SSCP Set screw with cup point, also referred to as a hexagon socket set screw with cup point as de-
fined by ISO 4029
SSFP Set screw with flat point, also referred to as a hexagon socket set crew with flat point as defined
by ISO 4026
SSHDP Set screw with half dog point, as defined by ISO 4026
SSNT Set screw with nylon tip
UMTRI University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute
WSU Wayne State University
5 T echnical targets and performance of WorldSID
Technical targets and brief background for WorldSID are given in Annex A.
WorldSID performance relative to the technical targets is given in Annex B.
Data from WorldSID biofidelity tests is given in Annex C.
Data from WorldSID repeatability and reproducibility tests is given in Annex D.
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Annex A
(informative)
Rationale regarding background and goals for WorldSID
A.1 Historical background
A.1.1 General
In November 1997, the WorldSID task group was formed to develop a technologically advanced side-
impact dummy with better biofidelity and to replace the variety of side-impact dummies used in
regulatory and other tests.
The resulting WorldSID 50th percentile adult male side-impact dummy has an overall biofidelity
classification of 8,0 (“good”) using the ISO/TR 9790 biofidelity rating scale. The WorldSID 50th
percentile adult male has a mass of 74,35 kg, a theoretical standing height of 1 753 mm, and a seated
height of 911 mm. It can accommodate over 200 permissible sensor channels (including six tilt sensors)
and associated cabling, and up to 192 recording channels with an optional in-dummy data acquisition
system (DAS).
A.1.2 Need for an International Standard side-impact dummy
As of December 2008, six other mid-sized male side-impact dummies were available for regulatory,
consumer information and development use. These were the USDOT-SID dummy, which was utilized
[42]
in the United States side-impact protection regulation ; the EuroSID-1 dummy, which was regulated
[24]
in a European standard ; the ES-2 dummy, the ES-2re; the SID/Hybrid III dummy, which was utilized
in the United States side-impact protection regulation FMVSS-201; and the BioSID dummy, which
was available for developmental purposes. None of these dummies had “good” biofidelity (i.e. they
all had a less than “6,5” rating using the ISO/TR 9790 biofidelity rating scale). The six dummies are
structurally different and have different instrumentation capabilities and associated injury assessment
criteria. Because of these differences, as well as the differences in the associated test procedures, these
dummies typically provided different design directions in the vehicle development process. This could
result in substantially different vehicle designs with regard to side-impact protection in the different
world regions, despite the similarity in occupant protection needs among the regions.
A.1.3 Biofidelity comparisons with previous side-impact dummies
The six mid-sized male side-impact dummies, as well as some variations thereto, available for use in
December 2008 have different levels of biofidelity. The USDOT-SID, EuroSID-1, ES-2, ES-2re, BioSID
dummies have each been rated using the ISO/TR 9790 biofidelity scale that provides classifications,
as shown in Table A.1. These classifications quantify how closely the dummy dynamic response
matches those of a sample of human subjects. The USDOT-SID has an ISO biofidelity classification of
“unacceptable”, the EuroSID-1 and ES-2re have a classification of “marginal,” and the BioSID and ES-2
have a classification of “fair”.
Table A.1 — ISO biofidelity rating scale
Excellent > 8,6 to 10
Good > 6,5 to 8,6
Fair > 4,4 to 6,5
Marginal > 2,6 to 4,4
Unacceptable 0 to 2,6
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
The ISO/TR 9790 biofidelity ratings of the WorldSID, USDOT-SID, EuroSID-1, ES-2, and BioSID are
reported in Reference [39] as shown in Table A.2. WorldSID achieved the best overall dummy rating and
the best single body region ratings for the head, shoulder, thorax, and abdomen.
Table A.2 — Biofidelity comparison of side-impact dummies
Biofidelity rating
WorldSID (2005 version) 10,0 5,3 10,0 8,2 9,3 5,1 8,0
BioSID 6,7 6,7 7,3 6,3 3,8 4,0 5,7
ES-2 5,0 4,4 5,3 5,2 2,6 5,3 4,6
EuroSID-1 5,0 7,8 7,3 5,4 0,9 1,5 4,4
ES-2re 5,0 4,2 4,5 4,0 4,1 3,2 4,2
USDOT-SID 0,0 2,5 0,0 3,1 4,4 2,5 2,3
Independently, the US/NHTSA (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration) evaluated the
WorldSID prototype with the ES-2 and the SID/Hybrid III, to Bio Rank, a more recently developed
biofidelity ranking system, as reported by Reference [36].
The Bio Rank system quantifies the ability of a dummy to load a sled wall as a cadaver does (external
biofidelity) and the ability of a dummy to replicate those cadaver responses that best predict injury
potential (internal biofidelity). The ranking is based on the ratio of the cumulative variance of the
dummy response relative to the mean cadaver response and the cumulative variance of the mean
cadaver response relative to the mean plus one standard deviation. That ratio expresses how well a
dummy duplicates a cadaver response. Contrary to the ISO/TR 9790 rating system, the lower the rating
value, the better the biofidelity.
Although still under development and not in use by the international community, the data presented by
Reference [36] indicate that this assessment system also showed the WorldSID prototype to have the
best biofidelity out of the three tested dummies.
In summary, compared with other contemporary mid-sized adult male side-impact dummies, the
WorldSID overall ratings are better than all others using either biofidelity rating system.
A.2 Technical targets for the WorldSID prototype
A.2.1 General
The WorldSID task group developed a comprehensive set of technical targets in the following categories:
— functional description;
— loading conditions and interactions;
— anthropometry;
— biofidelity;
— instrumentation;
— repeatability and reproducibility;
— durability;
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Head
Neck
Shoulder
Thorax
Abdomen
Pelvis
Overall
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
— robustness;
— handling;
— validation;
— miscellaneous.
Detailed targets in each of these areas were identified for the overall dummy and for each of the
following body regions:
— head;
— neck;
— shoulder-thorax-abdomen;
— full arms;
— half arms;
— lumbar spine;
— pelvis;
— upper legs;
— lower legs;
— clothing.
In addition, targets for internal electronic measurement components were identified, including those
for the following:
— accelerometers;
— load cells;
— displacement transducers;
— tilt sensors, to facilitate dummy positioning;
— in-dummy data acquisition system.
During the development, the highest priority among these targets was given to the goal of matching the
biofidelity (i.e. human dynamic response) targets specified in ISO/TR 9790. The target performance
was that a rating of “good” to “excellent” be achieved on the biofidelity rating scale contained in
ISO/TR 9790, for all segments of the dummy, and for the overall dummy.
The WorldSID task group reviewed all of the currently existing side-impact dummies to determine what
functions and features to incorporate into the WorldSID. Various proposals and ideas from dummy
and instrumentation manufacturers and research organizations were reviewed. The majority of the
WorldSID consists of new design concepts, with the exception of the neck, which is mainly from the
ES-2 dummy (all parts except for the neck buffers).
The WorldSID dummy shall be capable of:
— left-right symmetrical design instrumented on both sides simultaneously;
— off-axis loading for ±30° in the horizontal plane and ±10° in the vertical plane without binding or
producing unreasonable data;
— optional in-dummy DAS to enable properly positioning the highly-instrumented dummy without a
large bundle of cables.
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
A.2.2 Functional description
WorldSID was designed to have improved dynamic behaviour, improved measurement capabilities and
be easier to handle in the following types of tests:
— standardized tests to assess occupant protection in full vehicle side impacts.
— development tests conducted by vehicle manufacturers and their suppliers to assess and improve
performance of restraint systems, vehicle interiors, vehicle structures, etc.
— research tests to enhance the knowledge base of side-impact vehicle and occupant behaviour,
through accident reconstructions, component tests, biomechanical tests, etc.
To accommodate the different test conditions, the WorldSID components were designed to meet the
following functional targets:
— head, exhibiting multidirectional biofidelity considering its large variety of contact and non-contact
loading conditions;
— neck, assuring proper head kinematics;
— shoulders/thorax/abdomen assembly, exhibiting improved biofidelity over existing dummies,
and capable of handling off-axis loading without compromising durability, repeatability, and
reproducibility;
— full arms, to assess airbag interaction;
— half arms, to enhance test-to-test repeatability for full vehicle tests;
— lumbar spine, representing the coupling between upper and lower torso and allowing various pre-
test postures according to seat and vehicle design;
— pelvis, exhibiting improved biofidelity over existing dummies, and capable of handling off-axis
loading without compromising durability, repeatability, and reproducibility;
— upper legs, including integrated instrumentation;
— lower legs, including integrated instrumentation;
— clothing, extending over the complete torso and parts of the extremities to simulate clothing, but
also some human skin/flesh;
— in-dummy data acquisition system, accommodating at least 64 channels with integrated wiring
throughout the dummy;
— accelerometers, including linear and angular accelerometers throughout the dummy;
— tilt sensors dedicated in the head, thorax and pelvis for pre-test positioning;
— load cells and their structural replacements, throughout the dummy and designed as structural
components.
A.2.3 Loading conditions and interactions
One requirement for WorldSID was that it functions properly within the loading conditions specified by
existing and future harmonized test procedures. This was not to be restricted to the test procedures
themselves, but also includes tests to enable development of vehicles, vehicle components, and
restraints.
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
A.2.4 Anthropometry
A.2.4.1 Gener al
The WorldSID represents a mid-sized adult male vehicle occupant. After comparing several
[36]
anthropometry data sources the AMVO data set for a 50th percentile male was accepted. Included are
a 3D surface description, almost 150 anatomical reference points (including joint centres), definitions
of segments (head, neck, etc.), and derivation of inertial properties of these segments. The automotive
posture as represented by the AMVO data set is defined as the design reference posture for the dummy.
Corrections to the H-point definition in the AMVO were necessary. The data set was corrected and a 3D
stickman diagram (lines connecting the joint centres) within the outer shell definition and anatomical
landmarks were created. A detailed description of the anthropometry is given in Reference [32].
A.2.4.2 Ov erall landmarks
The anthropometric landmark targets for WorldSID are specified in Table A.3.
Table A.3 — Landmarks
x y z
Landmark Description
mm mm mm
vertebral column
7 C7 −264 0 499,4
8 T4 −291 0 390,4
10 T12 −244 0 156,4
12 L5 −172 0 23,4
pelvis
27 iliocristale −78 ±161 103,4
28 anterior superior iliac spine (l,r) −23 ±116 93,4
29 pubic symphysis 53 0 51,4
31 trochanterion (skeletal reconstruc- 22 ±203 −9,6
tion) (l,r)
32 H-point 0 ±83,5 0
shoulder
35 greater tubercle humerus (l,r) Not specified ±218 Not specified
joint centres
54 head/neck −194 0 598,4
55 C7/T1 −191 0 479,4
58 T12/L1 −175 0 175,4
60 L5/S1 −89 0 39
61 sternoclavicular −143 ±43 443,4
62 claviscapular −228 ±168 437,4
63 glenohumeral −184 ±173 403,4
64 elbow 38 ±208 211,4
65 wrist 230 ±158 403,4
66 hip (H-point) 0 ±83,5 0
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ISO 15830-1:2022(E)
Table A.3 (continued)
x y z
Landmark Description
mm mm mm
67 knee 408 ±138 146,4
68 ankle 686 ±94 −158,6
estimated segment centres of grav-
ity
79 head −177 0 656,4
A.2.4.3 Ranges of motion
The ranges of motion are based on several sources. Shoulder flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction
ranges are based upon estimates of initial positioning of the arm and motion without binding. Shoulder
lateral and medial angular displacement ranges are from the SAE Arm-Airbag Interaction Task Group.
The elbow flexion and extension ranges match those of the SAE 5th percentile female instrumented
arm. The flexion range is the maximu
...
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