ISO/PAS 18186:2010
(Main)Freight containers — RFID cargo shipment tag system
Freight containers — RFID cargo shipment tag system
ISO/PAS 18186:2010 specifies how freight container logistic transparency and efficiency can be improved through use of an RFID cargo shipment tag system and an Internet-based software package. Such an RFID cargo shipment tag system can co-exist with, but is separate from, a container security and identification RFID framework using container "license plate" tags, as specified in ISO 10374 and ISO/TS 10891, and electronic seals ("e-seals"), as specified in ISO 18185. In all cases, operation of and information from ISO/TS 10891 and ISO 18185 devices must be independent from the operation and information of the cargo shipment tag and information from these devices must be passed in discrete messages that are not routed via the RFID cargo shipment tag.
Conteneurs pour le transport de marchandises — Système de tag d'expédition de fret par radiofréquence
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
PUBLICLY ISO/PAS
AVAILABLE 18186
SPECIFICATION
First edition
2010-07-01
Freight containers — RFID cargo
shipment tag system
Conteneurs pour le transport de marchandises — Système de tag
d'expédition de fret par radiofréquence
Reference number
ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
©
ISO 2010
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ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
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ii © ISO 2010 – All rights reserved
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ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 RFID cargo shipment tag system .2
4.1 System composition .2
4.2 System operator .2
4.3 System authorization .2
4.4 System functions.3
4.5 System internal data transmission.3
4.6 System safeguard measures.3
5 RFID cargo shipment tag.3
5.1 General requirements .3
5.2 Tag installation .4
5.3 Data content and format .4
5.4 Electronic security guarantee .5
5.5 Working environment.5
5.6 RF operations .5
6 Reader.5
6.1 Types .5
6.2 Functions.5
6.3 Data interface.6
7 RFID cargo shipment tag system operation.6
7.1 RFID cargo shipment tag system operational conditions.6
7.2 RFID cargo shipment tag system operational requirements.6
8 Reliability and accuracy of RFID cargo shipment tag system.7
9 Tag operation.7
Annex A (normative) Data format for RFID cargo shipment tag.8
Bibliography.10
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ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
⎯ an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in
an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 % of the members
of the parent committee casting a vote;
⎯ an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical
committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting
a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a
further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is
confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed into an
International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/PAS 18186 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 104, Freight containers, Subcommittee SC 4,
Identification and communication.
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ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
Introduction
This Publicly Available Specification describes the composition, application requirements and operational
procedures of an RFID cargo shipment tag and its relevant system used for improving transparency of the
freight container transportation process. It identifies data content and format as well as operational
characteristics of an RFID cargo shipment tag. It also provides a solution for electronic transfer of relevant
information between an RFID cargo shipment tag and its associated information system platform.
The overall purpose of this Publicly Available Specification is to improve freight container logistic transparency
and efficiency by using an RFID cargo shipment tag and an associated, Internet-based information
management system.
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PUBLICLY AVAILABLE SPECIFICATION ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
Freight containers — RFID cargo shipment tag system
1 Scope
This Publicly Available Specification specifies how freight container logistic transparency and efficiency can be
improved through use of an RFID cargo shipment tag system and an Internet-based software package. Such
an RFID cargo shipment tag system can co-exist with, but is separate from, a container security and
identification RFID framework using container “license plate” tags, as specified in ISO 10374 and
ISO/TS 10891, and electronic seals (“e-seals”), as specified in ISO 18185. In all cases, operation of and
information from ISO/TS 10891 and ISO 18185 devices must be independent from the operation and
information of the cargo shipment tag and information from these devices must be passed in discrete
messages that are not routed via the RFID cargo shipment tag.
This Publicly Available Specification is applicable to freight containers as defined in ISO 668 as well as other
associated containers and transport equipment.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 668, Series 1 freight containers — Classification, dimensions and ratings
ISO 10374, Freight containers — Automatic identification
ISO/TS 10891, Freight containers — RF automatic identification (RFID) — Licence plate tag
ISO 6346, Freight containers — Coding, identification and marking
ISO/TS 14816, Road transport and traffic telematics — Automatic vehicle and equipment identification —
Numbering and data structure
ISO/IEC 15963, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Unique
identification for RF tags
ISO 18185-3:2006, Freight containers — Electronic seals — Part 3: Environmental characteristics
IEC 60068-2:2007, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
RFID cargo shipment tag
read-write tag into which data specific to a containerized cargo shipment can be stored
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ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
NOTE The tag and the data uploaded in it are the responsibility of the shipper. The tag is to be affixed to the
container by the shipper or, as per the shipper's instructions, by the party that physically performs the loading (“stuffing”) of
the container. Data capabilities are flexible and can, at the shipper's discretion, include destination, routing, conveyance or
other transportation information, time and location of the interrogation, cargo information (including hazardous material
information, where applicable) or other trip-specific information. The tag must perform reliably from the point of stuffing of
the container to delivery destination, and is to be removed by the consignee upon final delivery.
3.2
reader
device that can exchange information with RFID cargo shipment tags by wireless communication methods
and move information to and from an Internet-based information system
3.3
network platform
information processing system through which data from an RFID cargo shipment tag is communicated,
processed and viewed
NOTE A network platform is a subset within/of the cargo shipment tag system. The network platform system includes
a wireless radio network, a server, terminal(s), database, middleware, etc. Information from the cargo shipment tag system
is accessible, according to predetermined access criteria, to authorized users through a dedicated Internet website.
3.4
network operator
neutral entity/organization/party that operates the network platform of the RFID cargo shipment tag system
NOTE 1 A network operator is sometimes referred to as an operator of network platform.
NOTE 2 This entity operates/maintains the web server, database server and/or the middleware.
3.5
RFID cargo shipment tag system
system consisting of the RFID cargo shipment tag, its associated reader(s) and the network platform
4 RFID cargo shipment tag system
4.1 System composition
The RFID cargo shipment tag system is composed of the following basic elements: RFID cargo shipment tag,
reader(s) and network platform (including database, operational system and related system software). The
system is open and distributed, which can achieve management efficiencies in different geographical areas.
Components of the RFID cargo shipment tag system operate in a manner described later in this Publicly
Available Specification.
4.2 System operator
The shipper, or its authorized representative, is the only one who may affix and remove the RFID cargo
shipment tag. The shipper is responsible for the supply, placement and ultimate removal of the physical tag as
well as all operations using it, including uploading, maintaining, altering, deleting and reading cargo shipment
tag data.
4.3 System authorization
The shipper may, at its discretion and in accordance with 5.1.2, write any relevant container transport and
shipping data onto the cargo shipment tag. The shipper shall enter into an agreement with the network
operator of the cargo shipment tag system before dispatching the shipment. As part of this agreement, the
network operator shall provide access credentials which allow the shipper to upload tag, cargo and other
information to the network platform and query the network platform for journey information as needed.
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ISO/PAS 18186:2010(E)
4.4 System functions
4.4.1 Reading from and writing to the RFID cargo shipment tag may only be done by the shipper, or its
authorized representative, using access credentials supplied by the network operator. Each shipper, or its
authorized representative, shall only have access to data on its own shipment tags.
4.4.2 Container transport and shipping data, or any other allowed information, can be transferred by the
shipper between network memory locations, including the RFID cargo shipment tags themselves. Use of
access credentials, and/or other security measures, shall prevent one shipper from accessing the tag
information or network information of another shipper.
4.4.3 Search capabilities are available to the shipper, or an authorized party identified by it, through the
network platform using access credentials supplied by the network operator. A shipper shall only have the
ability to search through its own information and its own tags.
4.5 System internal data transmission
Except for wireless transmissions between cargo shipment tags and readers, all internal EDI data
transmissions through the network platform should use HTTP protocol, data format to be described by XML.
For more detailed data, refer to Annex A.
4.6 System safeguard measures
4.6.1 A shipper, using its unique access credentials, shall set up the reading and writing authority levels of
RFID cargo shipment tags through the network platform according to its own requirements.
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