ISO/TS 28560-4:2023
(Main)Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 4: Encoding of data elements based on rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID tag with partitioned memory
Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 4: Encoding of data elements based on rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID tag with partitioned memory
This document defines rules for ISO 28560-1 data elements to be encoded in radio frequency identification (RFID) tags with a memory structure that is partitioned into four memory banks. This primarily applies to ISO/IEC 18000-63 (previously known as ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type C) operating in the UHF frequency, but not necessarily restricted to this technology. The rules for encoding a subset of data elements taken from the total set of data elements defined in ISO 28560-1 are based on ISO/IEC 15962, which uses an object identifier structure to identify data elements. This document defines the rules for encoding a unique item identifier in a specific memory bank, known as MB 01, taking into account different requirements for privacy. It also defines the rules for encoding other relevant data in a separate memory bank, known as MB 11. Each of these memory banks is addressable using different command set of the appropriate RFID technology. As with other parts of ISO 28560, this document is appropriate for the needs of all types of libraries (including academic, public, corporate, special, and school libraries). This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. A source of additional information about implementation issues is provided in Annex A.
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques — Partie 4: Encodage des éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles de l'ISO/CEI 15962 dans une étiquette de RFID avec la mémoire divisée
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TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 28560-4
Second edition
2023-07
Information and documentation —
RFID in libraries —
Part 4:
Encoding of data elements based on
rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID
tag with partitioned memory
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques —
Partie 4: Encodage des éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles
de l'ISO/CEI 15962 dans une étiquette de RFID avec la mémoire
divisée
Reference number
ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
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ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Independent standards-based components . 4
4.3 Integrated encoding/decoding software . 6
4.4 Legacy-based architecture . 6
5 Requirements . 7
5.1 Data elements . 7
5.2 RFID air interface: ISO/IEC 18000-63 for UHF . 7
5.2.1 General . 7
5.2.2 Air interface conformance . 8
5.2.3 Tag performance . 8
5.2.4 Interrogator performance . 8
5.2.5 System performance . 8
5.3 RFID air interface: Other air interface protocols . 8
5.4 Data protocol . 8
5.5 RFID interrogators (RFID readers) . 9
6 Data elements . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Unique item identifier (UII) . 11
6.2.1 UII comprising of only the primary item identifier . 11
6.2.2 UII comprising owner institution + primary item identifier .12
6.2.3 Encoding set information .12
6.2.4 Unambiguous UII structure . 13
6.3 Primary item identifier .13
6.4 Content parameter .13
6.5 Owner institution (ISIL) . 14
6.6 Set information. 14
6.7 Type of usage .15
6.8 Shelf location . 15
6.9 ONIX media format .15
6.10 MARC media format . 15
6.11 Supplier identifier .15
6.12 Order number . 15
6.13 ILL borrowing institute .15
6.14 ILL transaction number . 16
6.15 GS1 product identifier . 16
6.16 Alternative unique item identifier . 16
6.17 Local data . 16
6.18 Title . 17
6.19 Product identifier (local) . 17
6.20 Media format (other) . 17
6.21 Supply chain stage . 17
6.22 Supplier invoice number . 18
6.23 Alternative item number . 18
6.24 Alternative owner institution . 18
6.25 Subsidiary of an owner library . 18
6.26 Alternative ILL borrowing institution . 18
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ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
6.27 Other reserved data elements . 18
7 Data encoding . .19
7.1 Data protocol overview . 19
7.1.1 General . 19
7.1.2 Data constructs . 19
7.1.3 AFI . 19
7.1.4 Data format . 19
7.1.5 Object identifier for library applications . 20
7.1.6 Object identifier for the UII and its interpretation .20
7.1.7 DSFID . 20
7.2 ISO/IEC 15961-1 commands and responses . 20
7.3 ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules for this document . 21
7.3.1 General . 21
7.3.2 Structure of MB 00 .23
7.3.3 Encoding and use of MB 00 . 23
7.3.4 Structure of MB 01. 23
7.3.5 Encoding in MB 01 . 24
7.3.6 Relative-OID for the UII .26
7.3.7 Decoding and processing the Monomorphic-UII. 26
7.3.8 Use of GS1 EPC codes in MB 01 . 26
7.3.9 Structure and use of MB 10 . . 27
7.3.10 Structure of MB 11 . 27
7.3.11 Encoding in MB 11 .28
8 RFID tag requirements .32
8.1 Air interface protocol . 32
8.1.1 General . 32
8.1.2 Memory parameters . . 32
8.1.3 Declaring memory parameters . 32
8.2 Required air interface commands . 33
8.3 Air interface conformance .34
8.4 Performance .34
9 Data integrity, security, and privacy issues .34
9.1 Data integrity .34
9.2 Item security .34
9.2.1 General .34
9.2.2 Use of the UII . 35
9.2.3 Using passwords in MB 00. 35
9.2.4 Use of the unique tag ID . 37
9.2.5 Use of the AFI . 37
9.2.6 Use of the EAS features .38
9.3 Privacy issues .38
10 Implementation and migration .38
11 Miscellaneous .38
Annex A (informative) Information about ISO 28560 RFID in libraries .39
Annex B (informative) Relevant ISO/IEC 15961-1 application commands .40
Annex C (informative) Locking procedure for MB 01 with encoding in MB 11 .43
Annex D (informative) Monomorphic-UII and URN Code 40 encoding . 44
Annex E (informative) Encoding examples .48
Annex F (informative) Implementation and migration .52
Bibliography .54
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ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation,
Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 28560-4:2014), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— a few updates are made and a new clause (see Clause 11) about RFID Emblem has been added;
— Annexes B, C and D have been changed to informative.
A list of all parts in the ISO 28560 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
Introduction
Libraries are implementing radio frequency identification (RFID) as item identification to replace
bar codes. RFID streamlines applications like user self-service, security, and materials handling. This
standard data model for encoding information on RFID tags increases the cost-effectiveness of the
technology within libraries particularly through greater interoperability of RFID tags and equipment,
and enhance support for resource sharing between libraries.
A standard data model, taking into account the lessons learned from the national schemes and vendor
solutions was developed with ISO 28560-1, which defines the set of mandatory and optional data
elements. ISO 28560-2 and ISO 28560-3 define encoding rules for those libraries that choose to use
High Frequency RFID technology operating at 13,56 MHz.
This document defines encoding rules for those libraries that choose to use UHF RFID technology
operating at 860 MHz to 960 MHz, with the interrogators (readers) set to conform to local radio
regulations that specify only part of this spectrum. The UHF tags can function efficiently in any of the
radio regulated regions. This document uses encoding rules that are specified in ISO/IEC 15962, as
does ISO 28560-2. Some of the encoding rules are different because of the nature of the different RFID
technology, but a number of rules are similar if not identical.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
Information and documentation — RFID in libraries —
Part 4:
Encoding of data elements based on rules from ISO/IEC
15962 in an RFID tag with partitioned memory
1 Scope
This document defines rules for ISO 28560-1 data elements to be encoded in radio frequency
identification (RFID) tags with a memory structure that is partitioned into four memory banks. This
primarily applies to ISO/IEC 18000-63 (previously known as ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type C) operating in the
UHF frequency, but not necessarily restricted to this technology.
The rules for encoding a subset of data elements taken from the total set of data elements defined in
ISO 28560-1 are based on ISO/IEC 15962, which uses an object identifier structure to identify data
elements. This document defines the rules for encoding a unique item identifier in a specific memory
bank, known as MB 01, taking into account different requirements for privacy. It also defines the rules
for encoding other relevant data in a separate memory bank, known as MB 11. Each of these memory
banks is addressable using different command set of the appropriate RFID technology.
As with other parts of ISO 28560, this document is appropriate for the needs of all types of libraries
(including academic, public, corporate, special, and school libraries).
This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. A source of
additional information about implementation issues is provided in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 15961-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management:
Data protocol — Part 1: Application interface
ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management —
Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions
ISO/IEC 18000-63, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Part
63: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type C
ISO/IEC 18046-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 1: Test methods for system performance
ISO/IEC 18046-2, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 2: Test methods for interrogator performance
ISO/IEC 18046-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 3: Test methods for tag performance
ISO/IEC 18047-6, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device conformance test
methods — Part 6: Test methods for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz
1
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ISO/TS 28560-4:2023(E)
ISO 28560-1, Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 1: Data elements and general
guidelines for implementation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
access method
component of the DSFID (3.8) that is responsible for declaring the ISO/IEC 15962 compaction and
encoding rules on an RFID tag
Note 1 to entry: In this document, the term is only relevant to Memory Bank 11, containing optional data elements.
3.2
air interface protocol
rules of communication between an RFID interrogator and the RFID tag of a particular type, covering
frequency, modulation, bit encoding, and command sets
3.3
application command
instruction issued from the application to the ISO/IEC 15962 data protocol processor in order to initiate
an action or operation with the RFID tag(s) through the interrogator
3.4
application family identifier
AFI
mechanism used in the data protocol and the air interface protocol (3.2) to select a class of RFID tags
relevant to an application or aspect of an application, and to ignore further communications with other
classes of RFID tags with different identifiers
Note 1 to entry: In this document, the term is only relevant to Memory Bank 01, containing the data elements
comprising the UII.
3.5
arc
specific branch of an object identifier tree, with new arcs added as required to define a particular object
Note 1 to entry: The top three arcs of all object identifiers are compliant with ISO/IEC 9834-1 ensuring
uniqueness.
3.6
data format
component of the DSFID (3.8) that is a mechanism used in the data protocol to identify how object
identifiers (3.12) are encoded on the RFI
...
ISO TC 46/SC 4/WG 11
Date: 2022-06-30
ISO/PDTS 28560-4.6
Date: 2023-04-05
ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
ISO TC 46/SC 4/WG 11
Secretariat: KATS
Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 4: Encoding of
RFID data elements based on rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID tag with
partitioned memory
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques — Partie 4: Encodage des éléments de données RFID
fondé sur les règles de l'ISO/CEI 15962 ans une étiquette de RFID avec la mémoire divisée
Document type:
Document language:
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Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 4: Encoding of data elements
based on rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID tag with partitioned memory
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques — Partie 4: Encodage des éléments
de données RFID fondé sur les règles de l'ISO/CEI 15962 dans une étiquette de RFID avec la
mémoire divisée
Document type: Technical Specification
Document language: E
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ISO/PDTS 28560-4.6
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation,
no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet,
without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO Copyright Office
CP 401 • CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved 4
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Independent standards-based components . 4
4.3 Integrated encoding/decoding software . 6
4.4 Legacy-based architecture. 8
5 Requirements . 8
5.1 Data elements . 8
5.2 RFID air interface: ISO/IEC 18000-63 for UHF . 9
5.2.1 General . 9
5.2.2 Air interface conformance . 9
5.2.3 Tag performance . 9
5.2.4 Interrogator performance . 9
5.2.5 System performance . 9
5.3 RFID air interface: Other air interface protocols . 9
5.4 Data protocol . 9
5.5 RFID interrogators (RFID readers) . 10
6 Data elements . 10
6.1 General . 10
6.2 Unique item identifier (UII) . 12
6.2.1 UII comprising of only the primary item identifier . 13
6.2.2 UII comprising owner institution + primary item identifier . 13
6.2.3 Encoding set information . 13
6.2.4 Unambiguous UII structure . 14
6.3 Primary item identifier . 14
6.4 Content parameter . 14
6.5 Owner institution (ISIL) . 15
6.6 Set information . 16
6.7 Type of usage . 16
6.8 Shelf location . 16
6.9 ONIX media format . 16
6.10 MARC media format . 16
6.11 Supplier identifier . 16
6.12 Order number . 17
6.13 ILL borrowing institute. 17
6.14 ILL transaction number . 17
6.15 GS1 product identifier . 17
6.16 Alternative unique item identifier . 17
6.17 Local data . 17
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved© ISO 2023 – All rights 5v
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
6.18 Title . 18
6.19 Product identifier (local) . 18
6.20 Media format (other) . 18
6.21 Supply chain stage . 19
6.22 Supplier invoice number . 19
6.23 Alternative item number . 19
6.24 Alternative owner institution . 19
6.25 Subsidiary of an owner library . 19
6.26 Alternative ILL borrowing institution . 19
6.27 Other reserved data elements . 19
7 Data encoding . 20
7.1 Data protocol overview . 20
7.1.1 Data constructs . 20
7.1.2 AFI . 20
7.1.3 Data format . 20
7.1.4 Object identifier for library applications . 21
7.1.5 Object identifier for the UII and its interpretation . 21
7.1.6 DSFID . 21
7.2 ISO/IEC 15961-1 commands and responses . 21
7.3 ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules for this part of ISO 28560 . 22
7.3.1 General . 22
7.3.2 Structure of MB 00 . 24
7.3.3 Encoding and use of MB 00 . 24
7.3.4 Structure of MB 01 . 24
7.3.5 Encoding in MB 01 . 25
7.3.6 Relative-OID for the UII . 27
7.3.7 Decoding and processing the Monomorphic-UII . 27
7.3.8 The use of GS1 EPC codes in MB 01 . 28
7.3.9 Structure and use of MB 10 . 28
7.3.10 Structure of MB 11 . 28
7.3.11 Encoding in MB 11 . 29
8 RFID tag requirements . 33
8.1 Air interface protocol . 33
8.1.1 General . 33
8.1.2 Memory parameters . 33
8.1.3 Declaring memory parameters . 34
8.2 Required air interface commands . 34
8.3 Air interface conformance . 35
8.4 Performance . 35
9 Data integrity, security, and privacy issues . 35
9.1 Data integrity . 35
9.2 Item security . 36
9.2.1 General . 36
9.2.2 Use of the UII . 36
9.2.3 Using passwords in MB 00 . 36
9.2.4 Use of the unique tag ID . 38
9.2.5 Use of the AFI . 38
9.2.6 Use of the EAS features . 39
9.3 Privacy issues . 39
10 Implementation and migration . 39
11 Miscellaneous . 39
6vi © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved© ISO 2023 – All rights
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Annex A (informative) Information about ISO 28560 RFID in libraries . 40
A.1 Informational website . 40
A.2 Types of support information . 40
Annex B (normative) Relevant ISO/IEC 15961-1 application commands . 41
B.1 Write-Monomorphic-UII . 41
B.2 Write-Objects-Segmented-Memory-Tag . 41
B.3 Write-Password-Segmented-Memory-Tag . 41
B.4 Inventory-ISO-UIImemory . 41
B.5 Read-Objects . 42
B.6 Read-Words-Segmented-Memory-Tag . 42
B.7 Read-Object-Identifiers . 42
B.8 Modify-Object. 42
B.9 Delete-Object . 42
B.10 Erase-Memory . 42
B.11 Kill-Segmented-Memory-Tag . 43
Annex C (normative) Locking procedure for MB 01 with encoding in MB 11 . 44
Annex D (normative) Monomorphic-UII and URN Code 40 encoding . 45
D.1 Monomorphic-UII . 45
D.2 URN Code 40 encoding . 45
D.2.1 Basic character set . 45
D.2.2 Extended encoding . 47
D.2.3 Encoding example . 47
Annex E (informative) Encoding examples . 49
E.1 General considerations . 49
E.2 Encoding the UII . 49
E.3 Encoding optional data in MB 11 . 49
E.3.1 Input assumptions for the tag . 49
E.3.2 The input data . 49
E.3.3 Encoding the data elements . 49
E.3.3.1 General . 49
E.3.3.2 OID index . 49
E.3.3.3 Set information . 50
E.3.3.4 Shelf location . 50
E.3.3.5 Owner institution (ISIL) . 51
E.3.4 The complete encoding . 51
E.3.5 Locking implications . 51
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved© ISO 2023 – All rights 7vii
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Annex F (informative) Implementation and migration . 52
F.1 New RFID implementations . 52
F.2 Legacy RFID implementations using ISO/IEC 18000-63 RFID tags . 52
F.3 Legacy RFID implementations using other RFID tags . 53
Bibliography . 54
Foreword . vi
Introduction . vii
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Independent standards-based components . 5
4.3 Integrated encoding/decoding software . 8
4.4 Legacy-based architecture . 10
5 Requirements . 12
5.1 Data elements . 12
5.2 RFID air interface: ISO/IEC 18000-63 for UHF . 12
5.2.1 General . 12
5.2.2 Air interface conformance . 12
5.2.3 Tag performance . 12
5.2.4 Interrogator performance . 13
5.2.5 System performance . 13
5.3 RFID air interface: Other air interface protocols . 13
5.4 Data protocol . 13
5.5 RFID interrogators (RFID readers) . 13
6 Data elements . 14
6.1 General . 14
6.2 Unique item identifier (UII) . 16
6.2.1 UII comprising of only the primary item identifier . 16
6.2.2 UII comprising owner institution + primary item identifier . 17
6.2.3 Encoding set information . 17
6.2.4 Unambiguous UII structure . 18
6.3 Primary item identifier . 18
6.4 Content parameter . 18
6.5 Owner institution (ISIL) . 19
6.6 Set information . 20
6.7 Type of usage. 20
6.8 Shelf location . 20
6.9 ONIX media format . 20
6.10 MARC media format . 21
6.11 Supplier identifier . 21
6.12 Order number . 21
6.13 ILL borrowing institute . 21
6.14 ILL transaction number . 21
6.15 GS1 product identifier . 21
6.16 Alternative unique item identifier . 22
8viii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved© ISO 2023 – All rights
reserved
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ISO/DTS 2
...
FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTS
DRAFT
SPECIFICATION 28560-4
ISO/TC 46/SC 4
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: KATS
RFID in libraries —
Voting begins on:
2023-04-19
Part 4:
Voting terminates on:
Encoding of data elements based on
2023-06-14
rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID
tag with partitioned memory
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques —
Partie 4: Encodage des éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles
de l'ISO/CEI 15962 dans une étiquette de RFID avec la mémoire
divisée
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
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FINAL
TECHNICAL ISO/DTS
DRAFT
SPECIFICATION 28560-4
ISO/TC 46/SC 4
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: KATS
RFID in libraries —
Voting begins on:
Part 4:
Voting terminates on:
Encoding of data elements based on
rules from ISO/IEC 15962 in an RFID
tag with partitioned memory
Information et documentation — RFID dans les bibliothèques —
Partie 4: Encodage des éléments de données RFID fondé sur les règles
de l'ISO/CEI 15962 dans une étiquette de RFID avec la mémoire
divisée
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
DOCUMENTATION.
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
ii
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction . vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Applicability and relationship with other systems . 4
4.1 General . 4
4.2 Independent standards-based components . 4
4.3 Integrated encoding/decoding software . 6
4.4 Legacy-based architecture . 6
5 Requirements . 7
5.1 Data elements . 7
5.2 RFID air interface: ISO/IEC 18000-63 for UHF . 7
5.2.1 General . 7
5.2.2 Air interface conformance . 8
5.2.3 Tag performance . 8
5.2.4 Interrogator performance . 8
5.2.5 System performance . 8
5.3 RFID air interface: Other air interface protocols . 8
5.4 Data protocol . 8
5.5 RFID interrogators (RFID readers) . 9
6 Data elements . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Unique item identifier (UII) . 11
6.2.1 UII comprising of only the primary item identifier . 11
6.2.2 UII comprising owner institution + primary item identifier .12
6.2.3 Encoding set information .12
6.2.4 Unambiguous UII structure . 13
6.3 Primary item identifier .13
6.4 Content parameter .13
6.5 Owner institution (ISIL) . 14
6.6 Set information. 14
6.7 Type of usage .15
6.8 Shelf location . 15
6.9 ONIX media format .15
6.10 MARC media format . 15
6.11 Supplier identifier .15
6.12 Order number . 15
6.13 ILL borrowing institute .15
6.14 ILL transaction number . 16
6.15 GS1 product identifier . 16
6.16 Alternative unique item identifier . 16
6.17 Local data . 16
6.18 Title . 17
6.19 Product identifier (local) . 17
6.20 Media format (other) . 17
6.21 Supply chain stage . 17
6.22 Supplier invoice number . 18
6.23 Alternative item number . 18
6.24 Alternative owner institution . 18
6.25 Subsidiary of an owner library . 18
6.26 Alternative ILL borrowing institution . 18
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
6.27 Other reserved data elements . 18
7 Data encoding . .19
7.1 Data protocol overview . 19
7.1.1 General . 19
7.1.2 Data constructs . 19
7.1.3 AFI . 19
7.1.4 Data format . 19
7.1.5 Object identifier for library applications . 20
7.1.6 Object identifier for the UII and its interpretation .20
7.1.7 DSFID . 20
7.2 ISO/IEC 15961-1 commands and responses . 20
7.3 ISO/IEC 15962 encoding rules for this document . 21
7.3.1 General . 21
7.3.2 Structure of MB 00 .23
7.3.3 Encoding and use of MB 00 . 23
7.3.4 Structure of MB 01. 23
7.3.5 Encoding in MB 01 . 24
7.3.6 Relative-OID for the UII .26
7.3.7 Decoding and processing the Monomorphic-UII. 26
7.3.8 Use of GS1 EPC codes in MB 01 . 26
7.3.9 Structure and use of MB 10 . . 27
7.3.10 Structure of MB 11 . 27
7.3.11 Encoding in MB 11 .28
8 RFID tag requirements .32
8.1 Air interface protocol . 32
8.1.1 General . 32
8.1.2 Memory parameters . . 32
8.1.3 Declaring memory parameters . 32
8.2 Required air interface commands . 33
8.3 Air interface conformance .34
8.4 Performance .34
9 Data integrity, security, and privacy issues .34
9.1 Data integrity .34
9.2 Item security .34
9.2.1 General .34
9.2.2 Use of the UII . 35
9.2.3 Using passwords in MB 00. 35
9.2.4 Use of the unique tag ID . 37
9.2.5 Use of the AFI . 37
9.2.6 Use of the EAS features .38
9.3 Privacy issues .38
10 Implementation and migration .38
11 Miscellaneous .38
Annex A (informative) Information about ISO 28560 RFID in libraries .39
Annex B (informative) Relevant ISO/IEC 15961-1 application commands .40
Annex C (informative) Locking procedure for MB 01 with encoding in MB 11 .43
Annex D (informative) Monomorphic-UII and URN Code 40 encoding . 44
Annex E (informative) Encoding examples .48
Annex F (informative) Implementation and migration .52
Bibliography .54
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use
of (a) patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed
patent rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received
notice of (a) patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are
cautioned that this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent
database available at www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all
such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation,
Subcommittee SC 4, Technical interoperability.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 28560-4:2014), which has been
technically revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— a few updates are made and a new clause (see Clause 11) about RFID Emblem has been added;
— Annexes B, C and D have been changed to informative.
A list of all parts in the ISO 28560 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Introduction
Libraries are implementing radio frequency identification (RFID) as item identification to replace
bar codes. RFID streamlines applications like user self-service, security, and materials handling. This
standard data model for encoding information on RFID tags increases the cost-effectiveness of the
technology within libraries particularly through greater interoperability of RFID tags and equipment,
and enhance support for resource sharing between libraries.
A standard data model, taking into account the lessons learned from the national schemes and vendor
solutions was developed with ISO 28560-1, which defines the set of mandatory and optional data
elements. ISO 28560-2 and ISO 28560-3 define encoding rules for those libraries that choose to use
High Frequency RFID technology operating at 13,56 MHz.
This document defines encoding rules for those libraries that choose to use UHF RFID technology
operating at 860 MHz to 960 MHz, with the interrogators (readers) set to conform to local radio
regulations that specify only part of this spectrum. The UHF tags can function efficiently in any of the
radio regulated regions. This document uses encoding rules that are specified in ISO/IEC 15962, as
does ISO 28560-2. Some of the encoding rules are different because of the nature of the different RFID
technology, but a number of rules are similar if not identical.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
Information and documentation — RFID in libraries —
Part 4:
Encoding of data elements based on rules from ISO/IEC
15962 in an RFID tag with partitioned memory
1 Scope
This document defines rules for ISO 28560-1 data elements to be encoded in radio frequency
identification (RFID) tags with a memory structure that is partitioned into four memory banks. This
primarily applies to ISO/IEC 18000-63 (previously known as ISO/IEC 18000-6 Type C) operating in the
UHF frequency, but not necessarily restricted to this technology.
The rules for encoding a subset of data elements taken from the total set of data elements defined in
ISO 28560-1 are based on ISO/IEC 15962, which uses an object identifier structure to identify data
elements. This document defines the rules for encoding a unique item identifier in a specific memory
bank, known as MB 01, taking into account different requirements for privacy. It also defines the rules
for encoding other relevant data in a separate memory bank, known as MB 11. Each of these memory
banks is addressable using different command set of the appropriate RFID technology.
As with other parts of ISO 28560, this document is appropriate for the needs of all types of libraries
(including academic, public, corporate, special, and school libraries).
This document provides essential standards-based information about RFID in libraries. A source of
additional information about implementation issues is provided in Annex A.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC 15961-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management:
Data protocol — Part 1: Application interface
ISO/IEC 15962, Information technology — Radio frequency identification (RFID) for item management —
Data protocol: data encoding rules and logical memory functions
ISO/IEC 18000-63, Information technology — Radio frequency identification for item management — Part
63: Parameters for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz Type C
ISO/IEC 18046-1, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 1: Test methods for system performance
ISO/IEC 18046-2, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 2: Test methods for interrogator performance
ISO/IEC 18046-3, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device performance test
methods — Part 3: Test methods for tag performance
ISO/IEC 18047-6, Information technology — Radio frequency identification device conformance test
methods — Part 6: Test methods for air interface communications at 860 MHz to 960 MHz
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ISO/DTS 28560-4:2023(E)
ISO 28560-1, Information and documentation — RFID in libraries — Part 1: Data elements and general
guidelines for implementation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online b
...
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