ISO/IEC 14496-2:2001
(Main)Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 2: Visual
Information technology — Coding of audio-visual objects — Part 2: Visual
Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels — Partie 2: Codage visuel
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Standards Content (Sample)
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 14496-2
Second edition
2001-12-01
Information technology — Coding of
audio-visual objects —
Part 2:
Visual
Technologies de l'information — Codage des objets audiovisuels —
Partie 2: Codage visuel
Reference number
©
ISO/IEC 2001
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ii © ISO/IEC 2001 – All rights reserved
Contents
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Abbreviations and symbols.12
4.1 Arithmetic operators.12
4.2 Logical operators.13
4.3 Relational operators.13
4.4 Bitwise operators.13
4.5 Conditional operators.13
4.6 Assignment.13
4.7 Mnemonics.14
4.8 Constants.14
5 Conventions.14
5.1 Method of describing bitstream syntax.14
5.2 Definition of functions.15
5.2.1 Definition of next_bits() function .15
5.2.2 Definition of bytealigned() function.15
5.2.3 Definition of nextbits_bytealigned() function .15
5.2.4 Definition of next_start_code() function .16
5.2.5 Definition of next_resync_marker() function.16
5.2.6 Definition of transparent_mb() function.16
5.2.7 Definition of transparent_block() function.16
5.2.8 Definition of byte_align_for_upstream() function .16
5.3 Reserved, forbidden and marker_bit .16
5.4 Arithmetic precision.17
6 Visual bitstream syntax and semantics .17
6.1 Structure of coded visual data .17
6.1.1 Visual object sequence.18
6.1.2 Visual object.18
6.1.3 Video object.18
6.1.4 Mesh object.24
6.1.5 FBA object.25
6.1.6 3D Mesh Object.29
6.2 Visual bitstream syntax.30
6.2.1 Start codes.30
6.2.2 Visual Object Sequence and Visual Object.34
6.2.3 Video Object Layer .35
6.2.4 Group of Video Object Plane.40
6.2.5 Video Object Plane and Video Plane with Short Header .40
6.2.6 Macroblock.53
6.2.7 Block.58
6.2.8 Still Texture Object.59
6.2.9 Mesh Object.73
6.2.10 FBA Object.75
6.2.11 3D Mesh Object.85
6.2.12 Upstream message.103
6.3 Visual bitstream semantics .104
6.3.1 Semantic rules for higher syntactic structures.104
6.3.2 Visual Object Sequence and Visual Object.104
6.3.3 Video Object Layer .109
© ISO/IEC 2001 – All rights reserved iii
6.3.4 Group of Video Object Plane .120
6.3.5 Video Object Plane and Video Plane with Short Header .120
6.3.6 Macroblock related.131
6.3.7 Block related.134
6.3.8 Still texture object.135
6.3.9 Mesh object.142
6.3.10 FBA object.144
6.3.11 3D Mesh Object.151
6.3.12 Upstream message.162
7 The visual decoding process .164
7.1 Video decoding process .165
7.2 Higher syntactic structures .166
7.3 VOP reconstruction.166
7.4 Texture decoding.166
7.4.1 Variable length decoding.167
7.4.2 Inverse scan.168
7.4.3 DC and AC prediction for intra macroblocks.169
7.4.4 Inverse quantisation.172
7.4.5 Inverse DCT.175
7.4.6 Upsampling of the Inverse DCT output for Reduced Resolution VOP.176
7.5 Shape decoding.177
7.5.1 Higher syntactic structures .177
7.5.2 Macroblock decoding.178
7.5.3 Arithmetic decoding.187
7.5.4 Spatial scalable binary shape decoding.189
7.5.5 Grayscale Shape Decoding .198
7.5.6 Multiple Auxiliary Component Decoding .201
7.6 Motion compensation decoding.201
7.6.1 Padding process.201
7.6.2 Sample interpolation for non-integer motion vectors.205
7.6.3 General motion vector decoding process.207
7.6.4 Unrestricted motion compensation .209
7.6.5 Vector decoding processing and motion-compensation in progressive P- and S(GMC)-VOP .
...
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