ISO/FDIS 14096-2

Non-destructive testing — Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems — Part 2: Minimum requirements

This document specifies three film-digitisation quality classes for the requirements of non-destructive testing. The user specifies one of these quality classes for the respective film digitization task. The digitization parameters depend on the radiation energy, the material thickness penetrated and the quality level of the original radiographic film. This document does not address signal processing, display and storage of the digitised data. For the application of this document, ISO 14096‑1 provides definitions and measurement procedures.

Essais non destructifs — Qualification des systèmes de numérisation des films radiographiques — Partie 2: Exigences minimales

L'ISO 14096-2:2005 définit trois classes de qualité de numérisation de film en raison des exigences relatives aux essais non destructifs (END). Les classes sélectionnées dépendent de l'énergie de radiation, de l'épaisseur du matériau pénétré et du niveau de qualité de la radiographie originale. L'ISO 14096-2:2005 ne s'adresse pas au traitement du signal, à l'affichage et au stockage des données numérisées.

General Information

• Status: Not Published
• ICS: 37.040.25 - Radiographic films
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 135/SC 5 - Radiographic testing
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 135/SC 5 - Radiographic testing
• Current Stage: 5020 - FDIS ballot initiated: 2 months. Proof sent to secretariat
• Start Date: 26-May-2026
• Completion Date: 26-May-2026

Relations

• Consolidates: FprEN ISO 14096-2 - Non-destructive testing - Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems - Part 2: Minimum requirements (ISO/FDIS 14096-2:2026)
• Effective Date: 12-Feb-2026
• Revises: ISO 14096-2:2005 - Non-destructive testing — Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems — Part 2: Minimum requirements
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2023

Overview

ISO/FDIS 14096-2:2026 sets forth the minimum requirements for qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems used in non-destructive testing (NDT). This international standard, developed by ISO Technical Committee 135/SC 5, establishes three quality classes for film digitisation-allowing users to select the appropriate level based on the specific NDT task, type of radiation, material thickness, and the quality of the original radiographic film. Covering only the essential digitisation aspects, the document does not address signal processing, display, or storage of digitised data. For definitions and detailed measurement procedures, users should refer to ISO 14096-1.

Implementing ISO/FDIS 14096-2 helps organizations ensure that critical radiographic information is accurately preserved during digitisation, an increasingly important requirement as digital archiving and analysis become standard practice in industrial inspection.

Key Topics

• Digitisation Quality Classes: The standard defines three film digitisation quality classes:
  • DS: Enhanced technique for digital archiving with minimal loss in image quality.
  • DB: High-performance technique permitting some quality reduction, intended for digital analysis where originals are archived.
  • DA: Basic technique, permitting further reduction in quality and spatial resolution.
• Minimum Performance Parameters:
  • Density Range: Defines the optical density range for each class to ensure critical film features are captured.
  • Digital Resolution: Specifies the number of bits required for accurate analogue-to-digital conversion of optical density.
  • Density Contrast Sensitivity: Sets the minimum resolvable density variation to maintain detection of key features.
  • Basic Spatial Resolution: Defines the smallest feature size reliably digitised, varying by radiation energy and digitiser class.
• Working Ranges: Systems must be identified with all applicable working ranges of optical density, each ensuring minimum contrast sensitivity and suitable performance for various radiographic conditions.
• Application Criteria: Quality class selection depends on radiographic testing class (A or B), material thickness, and film type as defined in related standards.

Applications

ISO/FDIS 14096-2 is essential for industries employing radiographic film digitisation in non-destructive testing, such as:

• Aerospace, Automotive, and Manufacturing: Ensuring that digital archives of weld inspections, castings, and critical components meet traceability and quality requirements.
• Energy and Infrastructure: Supporting the digitalisation of radiographic films from pipelines, pressure vessels, and structural inspections, with clearly defined quality criteria for storage and analysis.
• Testing Laboratories and Inspection Service Providers: Enabling accredited laboratories to demonstrate compliance with international requirements when digitising radiographic films for client projects or regulatory evidence.
• Digital Data Management: Facilitating the transition from analogue radiographic records to digital systems, crucial for long-term preservation, sharing, and integration into digital workflows.

Related Standards

Adherence to ISO/FDIS 14096-2 is best achieved in conjunction with several related international standards:

• ISO 14096-1: Provides definitions, measurement procedures, and quality control requirements for radiographic film digitisation systems.
• ISO 5579: Specifies basic rules for radiographic testing of metallic materials using film radiography.
• ISO 17636-1: Covers X- and gamma-ray radiographic testing of welds using film.
• ISO 19232-5: Describes determination of image unsharpness and spatial resolution using duplex wire-type indicators.
• EN 12681-1: Focuses on radiographic examination of foundry products using film techniques.

By integrating ISO/FDIS 14096-2 requirements with these standards, organizations can establish robust processes for non-destructive testing digitisation, ensuring consistent, high-quality digital records for regulatory, safety, and operational needs.

Keywords: ISO 14096-2, radiographic film digitisation, non-destructive testing, NDT, film digitiser, digital archiving, spatial resolution, image quality, optical density, testing laboratories, digitisation standard.

Standards Content (Sample)

FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 135/SC 5
Non-destructive testing —
Secretariat: DIN
Qualification of radiographic film
Voting begins on:
digitisation systems —
2026-05-26
Part 2:
Voting terminates on:
2026-07-21
Minimum requirements
Essais non destructifs — Qualification des systèmes de
numérisation des films radiographiques —
Partie 2: Exigences minimales
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
FINAL DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/TC 135/SC 5
Non-destructive testing —
Secretariat: DIN
Qualification of radiographic film
Voting begins on:
digitisation systems —
Part 2:
Voting terminates on:
Minimum requirements
Essais non destructifs — Qualification des systèmes de
numérisation des films radiographiques —
Partie 2: Exigences minimales
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2026
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/CEN PARALLEL PROCESSING
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Digitisation quality classes . . 3
5 Minimum requirements for digitisation quality classes . 4
5.1 Density range and working ranges of the radiographic film digitisation system .4
5.2 Minimum basic spatial resolution of radiographic film digitisation systems .4
5.3 Digitisation quality class depending on the radiographic testing class .4

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135, Non-destructive testing, Subcommittee
SC 5, Radiation methods, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 138, Non-destructive testing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14096-2:2005), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— terms 3.4 and 3.5 updated and terms “spatial frequency” and “modulation transfer function” removed;
— in 3.4, definition of term “basic spatial resolution” added;
— values in Table 1, Table 2 and Table 3 updated;
— editorial revisions.
A list of all parts in the ISO 14096 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Radiographic film systems are used for industrial inspection by X- and gamma rays. To apply modern means
of computer support for analysis, transmission and storage, the information stored in the radiographic
film should be converted into digital data (digitisation). This document specifies minimum requirements
to ensure that the relevant information for evaluation of the digital data is preserved during the film
digitisation process. For the application of this document, ISO 14096-1 provides definitions and measurement
procedures.
v
FINAL DRAFT International Standard ISO/FDIS 14096-2:2026(en)
Non-destructive testing — Qualification of radiographic film
digitisation systems —
Part 2:
Minimum requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies three film-digitisation quality classes for the requirements of non-destructive
testing. The user specifies one of these quality classes for the respective film digitisation task. The
digitisation parameters depend on the radiation energy, the material thickness penetrated and the quality
level of the original radiographic film. This document does not address signal processing, display and
storage of the digitised data.
For the application of this document, ISO 14096-1 provides definitions and measurement procedures.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5579, Non-destructive testing — Radiographic testing of metallic materials using film and X- or gamma rays
— Basic rules
ISO 1
...

ISO/DIS FDIS 14096-2:2025(en)
ISO /TC 135/SC 5
Secretariat: DIN
Date: 2026-03-2605-12
Non-destructive testing — Qualification of radiographic film
digitisation systems —
Part 2:
Minimum requirements
Essais non destructifs — Qualification des systèmes de numérisation des films radiographiques —
Partie 2: Exigences minimales
FDIS stage
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MUST BE USED
FOR FINAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents
Foreword . Error! Bookmark not defined.
Introduction . Error! Bookmark not defined.
1 Scope . Error! Bookmark not defined.
2 Normative references . Error! Bookmark not defined.
3 Terms and definitions . Error! Bookmark not defined.
4 Digitisation quality classes . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5 Minimum requirements for digitisation quality classes . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 Density range and working ranges of the radiographic film digitisation system . Error!
Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Minimum basic spatial resolution of radiographic film digitisation systemsError! Bookmark
not defined.
5.3 Digitisation quality class depending on the radiographic testing classError! Bookmark not
defined.
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Digitisation quality classes . 3
5 Minimum requirements for digitisation quality classes . 3
5.1 Density range and working ranges of the radiographic film digitisation system . 3
5.2 Minimum basic spatial resolution of radiographic film digitisation systems . 4
5.3 Digitisation quality class depending on the radiographic testing class . 4

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO [had/had not] received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this
may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents.www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htmlwww.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135, Non-destructive testing, Subcommittee
SC 5, Radiation methods, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical
Committee CEN/TC 138, Non-destructive testing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation
between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14096--2:2005), which has been technically
revised.
The main changes are as follows:
— — terms 3.43.4 and 3.53.5 updated and terms “spatial frequency” and “modulation transfer function”
removed;
— — in 3.4,3.4, definition of term “basic spatial resolution” added;
— — values in Table 1, Table 2Table 1 , Table 2 and Table 3Table 3 updated;
— — editorial revisions.
A list of all parts in the ISO 14096 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.htmlwww.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
Radiographic film systems are used for industrial inspection by X- and gamma rays. To apply modern means
of computer support for analysis, transmission and storage, the information stored in the radiographic film
should be converted into digital data (digitisation). This document specifies minimum requirements to ensure
that the relevant information for evaluation of the digital data is preserved during the film digitisation process.
For the application of this document, ISO 14096‑-1 provides definitions and measurement procedures.

v
DRAFT International Standard ISO/DIS 14096-2:2025(en)

Non-destructive testing — Qualification of radiographic film
digitisation systems —
Part 2:
Minimum requirements
1 Scope
This document specifies three film-digitisation quality classes for the requirements of non-destructive testing.
The user specifies one of these quality classes for the respective film digitizationdigitisation task. The
digitizationdigitisation parameters depend on the radiation energy, the material thickness penetrated and the
quality level of the original radiographic film. This document does not address signal processing, display and
storage of the digitised data.
For the application of this document, ISO 14096‑-1 provides definitions and measurement procedures.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 5579, Non-destructive testing — Radiographic testing of metallic materials using film and X- or gamma rays
— Basic rules
ISO 14096--1, Non-destructive testing — Qualification of radiographic film digitisation systems — Part 1:
Definitions, quantitative measurements of image quality parameters, standard reference film and qualitative
control
ISO 17636--1, Non-destructive testing of welds — Radiographic testing — Part 1: X- and
...