ISO 14382:2012
(Main)Workplace atmospheres — Determination of toluene diisocyanate vapours using 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine-coated glass fibre filters and analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors
Workplace atmospheres — Determination of toluene diisocyanate vapours using 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine-coated glass fibre filters and analysis by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors
This International Standard gives general guidance for the sampling and analysis of airborne toluene diisocyanate (TDI) in workplace atmospheres. The procedure specified in this International Standard is especially suitable for short (15 min) and long-term (4 h) sampling and analysis of 2,4- and 2,6-TDI vapours. The upper limit for this method is approximately 85 µg of TDI per sample. This is a conservative upper limit based on the requirement of maintaining a sufficient amount of reagent on the coated glass fibre filter while permitting a 4 h sample to be collected at 1 l/min from an atmosphere containing 50 nl/l of TDI. The quantitation limits for this method are 0,039 µg for 2,4-TDI and 0,034 μg for 2,6-TDI using a fluorescence detector. These limits, for a 15-min sample collected at 1 l/min, are equivalent to 0,36 nl/l for 2,4-TDI, and 0,32 nl/l for 2,6-TDI. For a 4 h sample collected at 1 l/min, the limits are equivalent to 0,022 nl/l for 2,4-TDI and 0,020 nl/l for 2,6-TDI. The commercial availability of the specified reagents, the use of common analytical instrumentation, and the current widespread use of the method make this standard method ideally suited for the determination of TDI in workplace environments.
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des vapeurs de toluène di-isocyanate à l'aide de filtres en fibre de verre enduits de pipérazine-1-(2-pyridyl) et par analyse par chromatographie liquide à haute performance avec détecteurs à ultraviolets et à fluorescence
Zrak na delovnem mestu - Določevanje hlapov toluen diizocianata z uporabo filtrov s steklenimi vlakni, prevlečenimi z 1-(2-piridil)piperazinom, in analizo s tekočinsko kromatografijo visoke ločljivosti z ultravijoličnimi in fluorescenčnimi detektorji
Ta mednarodni standard podaja splošne napotke za vzorčenje in analizo toluen diizocianata v zraku (TDI) na delovnem mestu. Ta standardni postopek se posebej priporoča za kratka (15-min) in srednje dolga (4-ure) vzorčenja in analize hlapov 2,4 in 2,6-TDI. Količinske omejitve za to metodo so 0,039 μg za 2,4-TDI in 0,034 μg za 2,6-TDI z uporabo fluorescenčnega detektorja. Te omejitve za 15-min vzorec, zbran pri 1 l/m, so enake 0,36 delcem na milijardo (ppb) za 2,4-TDI in 0,32 ppb za 2,6-TDI. Za 4-urni vzorec, zbran pri 1 l/min, so omejitve 0,022 ppb za 2,4-TDI in 0,020 ppb za 2,6-TDI. Zaradi komercialne dostopnosti navedenih reagentov, uporabe splošnih instrumentov za analizo in trenutne razširjenosti te metode je ta standardna metoda idealna za določanje spojin TDI na delovnem mestu.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2013
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NURPDWRJUDILMRYLVRNHORþOMLYRVWL]XOWUDYLMROLþQLPLLQIOXRUHVFHQþQLPLGHWHNWRUML
Workplace atmospheres - Determination of toluene diisocyanate vapours using 1-(2-
pyridyl)piperazine-coated glass fibre filters and analysis by high performance liquid
chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors
Air des lieux de travail - Détermination des vapeurs de toluène di-isocyanate à l'aide de
filtres en fibre de verre enduits de pipérazine-1-(2-pyridyl) et par analyse par
chromatographie liquide à haute performance avec détecteurs à ultraviolets et à
fluorescence
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 14382:2012
ICS:
13.040.30 Kakovost zraka na delovnem Workplace atmospheres
mestu
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14382
First edition
2012-12-01
Workplace atmospheres —
Determination of toluene diisocyanate
vapours using 1-(2-pyridyl)
piperazine-coated glass fibre filters
and analysis by high performance
liquid chromatography with
ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des vapeurs de toluène di-
isocyanate à l’aide de filtres en fibre de verre enduits de pipérazine-
1-(2-pyridyl) et par analyse par chromatographie liquide à haute
performance avec détecteurs à ultraviolets et à fluorescence
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the
address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle . 1
4 Reagents and materials . 2
5 Reagent solutions . 2
5.1 Preparation of TDI urea derivatives . 2
5.2 Analytical standards . 2
5.3 Filter extraction solution . 3
5.4 1-2PP filter coating solution . . 3
5.5 HPLC mobile phase. 3
6 Apparatus . 3
6.1 Air sampler . 3
6.2 Sampling pump . 4
6.3 Sampling pump calibration . 4
6.4 Tubing . 4
6.5 Flowmeter . 4
6.6 Liquid chromatography system . 4
7 Air sampling . 5
7.1 Calibration of sampling pump . 5
7.2 Safety practices . 5
7.3 Preparation of air sampler . 5
7.4 Collection of air samples . 5
7.5 Blanks . . 5
7.6 Sample shipment . 5
8 HPLC analysis . 6
8.1 Safety precautions . 6
8.2 Sample preparation . 6
8.3 Standards preparation . 6
8.4 HPLC conditions . 6
9 Analysis . 7
9.1 Calibration . 7
10 Quality control . 7
11 Sample quantification . 7
11.1 Determination of TDI mass per sample . 7
11.2 Determination of TDI mass concentration in air . 8
11.3 Determination of TDI volume fraction in air. 8
12 Interferences . 8
13 Determination of performance characteristics. 9
13.1 Introduction . 9
13.2 Relevant uncertainty contributions and criteria .10
13.3 Assessment of performance characteristics (ISO GUM approach) .10
Annex A (informative) Performance characteristics .18
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14382 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 2,
Workplace atmospheres.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The most common form of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) marketed commercially is a mixture containing
80 % 2,4-TDI and 20 % 2,6-TDI. It is also available as a mixture containing 65 % 2,4-TDI and 35 % 2,6-TDI,
and as the pure 2,4-TDI isomer. The main commercial use for TDI is the manufacture of polyurethane
(PU) flexible foams used in upholstery, mattresses, shoe soles, and automotive seats. The PU foams
are prepared by reacting the TDI with a polyol to produce the product. Depending on the components
selected and how they are combined, end products with quite different properties can be achieved.
The majority of flexible foams are produced by the slabstock foaming process, in which the mixture
of polyurethane raw materials is dispensed onto paper linings in an open trough, where it gradually
expands into a large bun of foam. These buns are cut into blocks or slices, which are then processed into
the final desired products.
In the majority of workplace atmospheres, TDI is present as a vapour and the 2,6-isomer may be
predominant. In those rare instances where TDI is emitted into workplace environments as an aerosol,
the aerosols are collected efficiently by the glass fibre filter. The TDI in the aerosol readily evaporates
during sampling and is captured by the liquid reagent [1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine] coated on the filter. This
International Standard provides a simple, well-tested and reliable method for the sampling and analysis
of TDI using instrumentation readily available in most commercial laboratories. This International
Standard is based on the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Method
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14382
First edition
2012-12-01
Workplace atmospheres —
Determination of toluene diisocyanate
vapours using 1-(2-pyridyl)
piperazine-coated glass fibre filters
and analysis by high performance
liquid chromatography with
ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors
Air des lieux de travail — Détermination des vapeurs de toluène di-
isocyanate à l’aide de filtres en fibre de verre enduits de pipérazine-
1-(2-pyridyl) et par analyse par chromatographie liquide à haute
performance avec détecteurs à ultraviolets et à fluorescence
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the
address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Principle . 1
4 Reagents and materials . 2
5 Reagent solutions . 2
5.1 Preparation of TDI urea derivatives . 2
5.2 Analytical standards . 2
5.3 Filter extraction solution . 3
5.4 1-2PP filter coating solution . . 3
5.5 HPLC mobile phase. 3
6 Apparatus . 3
6.1 Air sampler . 3
6.2 Sampling pump . 4
6.3 Sampling pump calibration . 4
6.4 Tubing . 4
6.5 Flowmeter . 4
6.6 Liquid chromatography system . 4
7 Air sampling . 5
7.1 Calibration of sampling pump . 5
7.2 Safety practices . 5
7.3 Preparation of air sampler . 5
7.4 Collection of air samples . 5
7.5 Blanks . . 5
7.6 Sample shipment . 5
8 HPLC analysis . 6
8.1 Safety precautions . 6
8.2 Sample preparation . 6
8.3 Standards preparation . 6
8.4 HPLC conditions . 6
9 Analysis . 7
9.1 Calibration . 7
10 Quality control . 7
11 Sample quantification . 7
11.1 Determination of TDI mass per sample . 7
11.2 Determination of TDI mass concentration in air . 8
11.3 Determination of TDI volume fraction in air. 8
12 Interferences . 8
13 Determination of performance characteristics. 9
13.1 Introduction . 9
13.2 Relevant uncertainty contributions and criteria .10
13.3 Assessment of performance characteristics (ISO GUM approach) .10
Annex A (informative) Performance characteristics .18
Bibliography .20
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 14382 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 2,
Workplace atmospheres.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Introduction
The most common form of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) marketed commercially is a mixture containing
80 % 2,4-TDI and 20 % 2,6-TDI. It is also available as a mixture containing 65 % 2,4-TDI and 35 % 2,6-TDI,
and as the pure 2,4-TDI isomer. The main commercial use for TDI is the manufacture of polyurethane
(PU) flexible foams used in upholstery, mattresses, shoe soles, and automotive seats. The PU foams
are prepared by reacting the TDI with a polyol to produce the product. Depending on the components
selected and how they are combined, end products with quite different properties can be achieved.
The majority of flexible foams are produced by the slabstock foaming process, in which the mixture
of polyurethane raw materials is dispensed onto paper linings in an open trough, where it gradually
expands into a large bun of foam. These buns are cut into blocks or slices, which are then processed into
the final desired products.
In the majority of workplace atmospheres, TDI is present as a vapour and the 2,6-isomer may be
predominant. In those rare instances where TDI is emitted into workplace environments as an aerosol,
the aerosols are collected efficiently by the glass fibre filter. The TDI in the aerosol readily evaporates
during sampling and is captured by the liquid reagent [1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine] coated on the filter. This
International Standard provides a simple, well-tested and reliable method for the sampling and analysis
of TDI using instrumentation readily available in most commercial laboratories. This International
Standard is based on the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Method
[9] [8] [9]
42 for diisocyanates, ASTM D5836 (which is based on the OSHA Method 42 ) and on modifications
[9] [10]
to OSHA Method 42 recommended by Bayer MaterialScience Environmental Analytics Laboratory .
The Bayer modifications include the use of 2 mg of reagent to coat the sampling filter and the use of
cellulose spacer rings in the air sampling cassette.
OSHA Method 42 is widely used throughout the world. In an interlaboratory evaluation of the
[8]
ASTM D5836 with 13 participating laboratories, the average recovery from spiked media for 2,4-TDI
was (106 ± 5,6) % and (104 ± 5,7) % for 2,6-TDI. Laboratory precision, measured as a repeatability
coefficient of variation, was 6,2 % for 2,4-TDI and 5,7 % for 2,6-TDI.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14382:2012(E)
Workplace atmospheres — Determination of toluene
diisocyanate vapours using 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine-coated
glass fibre filters and analysis by high performance liquid
chromatography with ultraviolet and fluorescence detectors
WARNING — This document does not purport to address all safety concerns, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this document to establish appropriate health
and safety
...
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