SIST EN 14225-3:2005
(Main)Diving suits - Part 3: Actively heated or cooled suits (systems) - Requirements and test methods
Diving suits - Part 3: Actively heated or cooled suits (systems) - Requirements and test methods
This document specifies the construction and performance of actively heated suits and actively cooled suits for wear by divers for underwater activities where the user is breathing underwater. Marking, labelling, information to be provided at the point of sale, and instructions for use are also specified.
The document applies to the actively heated or cooled suits (systems) of the two types, dry and wet. It is only required that the suit should fulfil this part 3, not the parts 1 or 2 unless specified.
Laboratory and practical performance tests are specified.
Tauchanzüge - Teil 3: Aktiv beheizte oder gekühlte Anzüge (Systeme) - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Dieses Dokument legt die Konstruktion und die Leistungsfähigkeit von aktiv beheizten und aktiv gekühlten Tauch-
anzügen fest, die von Tauchern bei Tätigkeiten unter Wasser zu tragen sind, bei denen der Benutzer unter Wasser
atmet. Kennzeichnung, Etikettierung, mitzuliefernde Informationen beim Verkauf und die Gebrauchsanweisung
werden auch festgelegt.
Dieses Dokument gilt für aktiv beheizte oder aktiv gekühlte Tauchanzüge (Systeme) der beiden Typen trocken und
nass. Der Anzug sollte nur diesen Teil 3 erfüllen, nicht die Teile 1 oder 2, wenn nicht anders festgelegt.
Es werden Laborprüfungen und praktische Leistungsprüfungen festgelegt.
Vetements de plongée - Partie 3: Vetements avec systeme de chauffage ou de refroidissement actif (ensembles) - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essai
Le présent document spécifie les prescriptions relatives a la construction et aux performances des combinaisons avec systeme de chauffage ou de refroidissement actif destinées a etre portées par les plongeurs dans le cadre d'activités subaquatiques, au cours desquelles l'utilisateur respire sous l'eau. Le marquage, l'étiquetage, les informations a fournir sur le point de vente et la notice d'instructions sont également spécifiés.
Le présent document s'applique aux vetements avec systeme de chauffage ou de refroidissement actif (ensembles) des deux types existants, a savoir les combinaisons étanches et les combinaisons isothermes. Il est uniquement requis que la combinaison satisfasse les prescriptions de la présente partie 3, et non celles des parties 1 ou 2 sauf spécification contraire.
Des essais réalisés en laboratoire et des essais de performances pratiques sont mentionnés par ailleurs.
Potapljaške obleke – 3. del: Aktivno segrevane ali hlajene obleke (sistemi) – Zahteve in preskusne metode
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Diving suits - Part 3: Actively heated or cooled suits (systems) - Requirements and test methodsPotapljaške obleke – 3. del: Aktivno segrevane ali hlajene obleke (sistemi) – Zahteve in preskusne metodeVetements de plongée - Partie 3: Vetements avec systeme de chauffage ou de refroidissement actif (ensembles) - Prescriptions et méthodes d'essaiTauchanzüge - Teil 3: Aktiv beheizte oder gekühlte Anzüge (Systeme) - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren97.220.40Oprema za športe na prostem in vodne športeOutdoor and water sports equipmentICS:SIST EN 14225-3:2005enTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14225-3:200501-julij-2005SIST EN 14225-3:2005SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14225-3March 2005ICS 97.220.40English versionDiving suits - Part 3: Actively heated or cooled suits (systems) -Requirements and test methodsVêtements de plongée - Partie 3: Vêtements avec systèmede chauffage ou de refroidissement actif (ensembles) -Prescriptions et méthodes d'essaiTauchanzüge - Teil 3: Aktiv beheizte oder gekühlte Anzüge(Systeme) - Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 February 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2005 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14225-3:2005: E
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 Introduction.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.6 4 Requirements.7 4.1 General.7 4.2 Mechanical performance of the whole suit.7 4.3 Mechanical performance of the material, seams and attachments.8 4.4 Mechanical performance of underwear material.10 4.5 Construction.10 4.6 Thermal requirements.11 4.7 Special safety requirements for electrical systems.11 4.8 Practical performance requirements.11 4.9 Optional features.12 5 Test methods.13 5.1 General.13 5.2 Test sequence.13 5.3 Visual inspection.14 5.4 Leakage test for dry suits.14 5.5 Cold and hot storage and inflation resistance test.14 5.6 Sea water resistance test.16 5.7 Cleaning, disinfection and decontamination.16 5.8 Active system functional test.16 5.9 Pull test of connectors.16 5.10 Practical performance test.16 5.11 Testing optional features.20 6 Marking.21 7 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer.22 7.1 Information to be supplied with the suit.22 7.2 Customer information to be supplied at the point of sale.22 7.3 Instructions for use.22 Annex A (normative)
Ratings of practical performance, thermal comfort and perceived exertion.24 A.1 Practical Performance: Scale.24 A.2 Thermal Comfort: Scale and Questionnaire.24 A.3 Perceived Exertion: Scale and Questionnaire.24 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC.26 Bibliography.28
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 14225-3:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 162 “Protective clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2005. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/686/EEC. For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This standard for actively heated suits or actively cooled diving suits (Systems) is Part 3 of 4. The other parts are: - Diving Suits – Part 1: Wet suits −
Requirements and test methods. - Diving Suits – Part 2: Dry suits −
Requirements and test methods. - Diving Suits – Part 4: One atmosphere suits (ADS) − Human factors requirements and test methods.
This document includes a Bibliography. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 4
Introduction This document for actively heated or cooled diving suits (systems) has been prepared to meet the needs of persons engaged in underwater activities where the user is breathing underwater, and where the water temperature and exposure duration are such that the person's thermal status only can be maintained at a safe level by means of active heating or cooling. Actively heated suits and actively cooled suits are designed to reduce the risk of the diver suffering hypothermia and hyperthermia, respectively. The performance of the suit can be altered by a number of factors including any additional equipment carried by the diver. A suit may be comprised of one or more pieces.
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 5 1 Scope This document specifies the construction and performance of actively heated suits and actively cooled suits for wear by divers for underwater activities where the user is breathing underwater. Marking, labelling, information to be provided at the point of sale, and instructions for use are also specified. The document applies to the actively heated or cooled suits (systems) of the two types, dry and wet. It is only required that the suit should fulfil this Part 3, not the Parts 1 or 2 unless specified. Laboratory and practical performance tests are specified. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 250:2000, Respiratory equipment — Open circuit self-contained compressed air diving apparatus — Requirements, testing marking EN 340:2003, Protective clothing — General requirements EN 1809:1997, Diving accessories — Buoyancy compensators — Functional and safety requirements, test methods EN 14126:2003, Protective clothing — Performance requirements and test methods for protective clothing against infective agents EN 14225-2:2005, Diving suits — Part 2: Dry suits — Requirements and test methods EN 23758:1993, Textiles — Care labelling code using symbols (ISO 3758:1991) EN ISO 105-E02:1996, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part E02: Colour fastness to sea water (ISO 105-E02:1994) EN ISO 105-X12:2002, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part X12: Color fastness to rubbing (ISO 105-X12:2001) EN ISO 4674-2:1998, Rubber- or plastic-coated fabrics — Determination of tear resistance — Part 2: Ballistic pendulum method (ISO 4674-2:1998) EN ISO 6529:2001, Protective clothing — Protection against chemicals — Determination of resistance of protective clothing materials to permeation by liquids and gases (ISO 6529:2001) EN ISO 13935-2:1999, Textiles — Seam tensile properties of fabrics and made-up textile articles — Part 2: Determination of maximum force to seam rupture using the grab method (ISO 13935-2:1999) EN ISO 15027-3:2002, Immersion suits — Part 3: Test methods (ISO 15027-3:2002) ISO 105-A02:1993, Textiles — Tests for colour fastness — Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change in colour AODC:1985, Code of practice for safe use of electricity under water
(http://www.imca-int.com/publications/IMCA-Publications.pdf ) SOLAS:1974, as amended, Chapter III as amended by IMO Resolution MSC 47(66) and LSA Code. Recommendation on retroreflective tapes on life-saving appliances adopted by Res. A.658(16), Annex 2
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 6 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 actively heated suit suit designated to provide heat to the layer of gas or water between the suit and the diver’s body 3.2 actively cooled suit suit designated to remove heat from the layer of gas or water between the suit and the diver’s body 3.3 connector connecting device between the suit’s internal distribution system and the umbilical delivering electricity and/or heating/cooling gas/liquid from an external source 3.4 diving environment environment in which the wearer of a diving suit engages in diving activities 3.5 diving suit suit designed for intended underwater activities, in which the user is breathing underwater 3.6 dry suit diving suit, which covers all or particular regions of the body and which is designed to prevent the ingress of water upon immersion 3.7 heat stress physiological stress produced by the heat load on the body NOTE The total heat load is made up of the metabolic heat load and environmental heat loads including that due to clothing. 3.8 hypothermia condition of the human body in which the core temperature is below 35 °C 3.9 hyperthermia condition of the human body in which the core temperature is above 39 °C 3.10 suit system combination of diving suit components, undergarments and attachments 3.11 wet suit diving suit, made of thermal insulating material, which covers all or part of the body and that is designed to reduce the flow of the water around the diver's body 3.12 umbilical hose or cable system for transferring energy and other services to or from an actively heated or actively cooled suit
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 7 3.13 undergarment garment worn under the diving suit to provide one or more of insulation mechanical protection or thermal control 3.14 single action release mechanism mechanism, which can be released with one hand 4 Requirements 4.1 General Actively heated and cooled suits (systems) shall conform to the requirements listed in Table 1, as applicable. Actively heated and cooled suits (systems) incorporating optional features shall also conform to the requirements listed in Table 2, as applicable. The requirements are for both types of suits (wet and dry) unless otherwise specified. 4.2 Mechanical performance of the whole suit 4.2.1 Resistance to cold and hot storage and inflation Applicable only for dry suits. After the leakage test (5.4) a suit, complete with all attachments including valves and hose, shall be subjected to hot and cold storage followed by an inflation resistance test, in accordance with 5.5. After each hot and cold storage cycle and after the inflation resistance test the suit shall be visually inspected in accordance with 5.3. There shall be no visible signs of damage. Applicable only for wet suits. A suit and samples of each suit material and each suit material combination shall be subjected to a high temperature resistance test followed by a low temperature resistance test as given in 5.5 and repeated four cycles. The suit and the samples shall then be inspected in accordance with 5.3. There shall be no visible signs of damage. 4.2.2 Sea water resistance After the test for resistance to hot and cold storage (5.5), the suit, complete with all attachments including valves and hose, and the samples of suit materials shall be subjected to the seawater resistance test in accordance with 5.6 and then visually inspected after each cycle in accordance with 5.3. There shall be no visible signs of damage.
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 8 4.2.3 Resistance to cleaning, disinfection and decontamination The suits, complete with all attachments and the samples of suit materials and of each material combination shall be subjected to cleaning and disinfection and, where applicable, to decontamination in accordance with 5.7 and shall then be visually inspected in accordance with 5.3. There shall be no visible signs of damage or degradation. 4.3 Mechanical performance of the material, seams and attachments 4.3.1 Resistance of material to puncture and dynamic tearing Following preliminary tests of resistance to cold and hot storage (5.5), seawater resistance (5.6) and resistance to cleaning, disinfection and decontamination (5.7) the suit material samples shall be tested in accordance with EN 14225-2:2005, 5.4.3.1 the mean tear length shall be less than 40 mm. 4.3.2 Strength of suit seams When the suit material samples (with seams) that has been subjected to the tests specified in 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 are tested in accordance with EN ISO 13935-2:1999 the seam joining each combination of materials used to manufacture the suit, but excluding wrist, ankle, neck and face seals, shall withstand a tensile load of > 100 N for 10 s applied perpendicular to the seam, without visible evidence of permanent deformation or tearing, when visually inspected according to 5.3. 4.3.3 Joint strength of attachments When the suit material samples (with attachments) that has been subjected to the tests specified in 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 are tested in accordance with EN ISO 13935-2:1999 (if joints include seams) and
EN 14225-2:2005, 5.4.3.2, the joints between the basic suit material and the hood, gloves, neck seal, wrist seals, boots and socks, where these are attached to the suit, shall each withstand a tensile load of
100 (100+) N without visible evidence of permanent deformation or tearing, when visually inspected according to 5.3.
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 9 Table 1 — Actively heated or cooled suit (systems) – Overall requirements Requirement Requirement specified in clause Test method Whole suit Sizing 4.5.1 5.10.7.3 b) Leakage resistance of dry suits 4.5.6 5.4 Resistance to hot and cold storage and inflation resistance 4.2.1 5.5 Sea water resistance 4.2.2 5.6 Resistance to cleaning, disinfection and decontamination 4.2.3 5.7 Thermal requirements 4.6 5.10 Safety requirements 4.7 AODC Electrical code:1985 Practical performance 4.8 5.10 Control systems 4.5.2 5.10 Provision for urination 4.5.5 5.10 and 5.3 Internal volume control system
4.5.3 5.10 EN 14225-2:2005, 5.5.1 Connectors 4.5.4 5.10, 5.9 and 5.3 Suit materials Resistance to puncture and dynamic tearing 4.3.1 EN 14225-2:2005, 5.4.3.1 Seam strength 4.3.2 EN ISO 13935-2:1999 Joint strength of attachments 4.3.3 EN 14225-2:2005 Compactness of slide fasteners 4.3.4 EN 14225-2: 2005, 5.5.2 Mechanical performance of underwear material
4.4 EN ISO 4674-2:1998 Marking and Information Marking Clause 6 5.3 and 5.9 Information to be supplied by manufacturer Clause 7 5.3 and 5.9
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 10 Table 2 — Actively heated or cooled Suit (Systems) with Special Protection and other optional features Feature Requirement specified in clause Test method Symbol Protection against chemicals 4.9.1.1 5.11.1.2 HZ Protection against micro-organisms 4.9.1.2 EN 14126:2003, 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2 BIO Suits to aid visibility 4.9.2.1 4.9.2.2 EN ISO 105-E02:1996 EN ISO 105-X12:2002 EN ISO 15027-3:2002 VIS
4.3.4 Compactness of slide fasteners Any slide fasteners used in dry suits shall not leak when the suit is tested in accordance with
EN 14225-2:2005, 5.5.2. 4.4 Mechanical performance of underwear material When tested in accordance with EN ISO 4674-2:1998 the material of an underwear being a specified part of the suit system shall withstand a tensile force of 25 N applied in the direction of the warp and in the direction of the weft of the material, without signs of tearing, when visually inspected according to 5.3. 4.5 Construction 4.5.1 Sizing The manufacturer shall use the sizing system specified in EN 340:2003 or another sizing system. If the manufacturer uses a sizing system other than that specified in EN 340:2003, the manufacturer shall state at least two body dimensions including at least the height and chest girth of the intended user. When the suit is donned by a test diver in accordance with 5.10.7.3 b) the size of the suit shall correspond to the size marked on it by the manufacturer. 4.5.2 Control systems for heating or cooling When tested in accordance with 5.10, the system shall provide a mechanism to enable the diver to override the active heating or cooling system. 4.5.3 Internal volume control system If devices for control of the internal volume of the suit are fitted they shall demonstrate appropriate function when tested in accordance with 5.10 and EN 14225-2:2005, 5.5.1. 4.5.4 Connectors External suit connectors shall have a single action release mechanism. When tested in accordance with 5.10 external suit connectors shall be capable of being readily connected and disconnected with gloved hands, when the diver is wearing three finger gloves, (620+) mm thickness, double lined, or the gloves permanently attached to the suit.
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 11 When tested in accordance with 5.9 each connector shall withstand a pulling force of (500 ± 10) N without becoming disconnected and without the suit being damaged, when visually inspected according to 5.3. 4.5.5 Provision for urination A dry diving suit system intended for dive durations longer than 2 h shall be provided with a system to allow the diver to urinate. The system shall be tested in accordance with the practical performance test (5.10), and inspected according to 5.3 4.5.6 Leakage resistance of dry suits If the suit is a dry suit, when tested in accordance with 5.4 in the prone and in the supine position the suit shall not allow the escape of more than one bubble of gas during the final minute of the 15 min immersion. 4.6 Thermal requirements The suit system shall have the means of controlling the risk of heat stress during a range of physical activities and environmental conditions, when tested according to 5.10. When tested in accordance with 5.10, the actively heated suits (systems) shall demonstrate that they can maintain the core temperature within ± 1 °C of divers' normal core temperature, and mean skin temperatures above 25 °C. The actively cooled suits (systems) shall demonstrate that they can maintain the core temperature within ± 1 °C of divers' normal core temperature, and mean skin temperatures below 40 °C. The thermal system shall have sufficient residual capacity for a situation with failure of the heating or cooling system to allow either the diver to return to a point of safety or an alternative system to be provoked when tested in accordance with 5.10.7.5.3 (heated suits) or 5.10.7.6.3 (cooled suits). All active thermal systems shall include a protection system reducing the risk of local burning or freezing. If a hood is attached to the suit, it shall be constructed in such a way that a seal cannot form between the hood and the ear. 4.7 Special safety requirements for electrical systems Any electrical system on or carried by the diver shall conform to AODC Electrical Code:1985 and shall include monitoring and safety protection circuitry when tested according to 5.8. The thermal system shall have sufficient residual capacity for a situation with failure of the heating or cooling system to allow either the diver to return to a point of safety or an alternative system to be provoked. NOTE 1 Attention is also drawn to the Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC (Electrical equipment designed for use within certain voltage limits). NOTE 2 In the case of chemical systems, attention is drawn to national legislation regarding occupational exposure limits. 4.8 Practical performance requirements When tested in accordance with 5.10 it shall be possible for the suit system to be donned and doffed with the assistance of no more than one person. When suits are subjected to practical performance tests in accordance with 5.10 the test divers shall be able to carry out all the procedures listed in 5.10 and shall not report a practical performance score of 5 or more (given in A.1) for more than 3 of the separate test procedures, and no score higher than 8 for any procedure. When actively heated or cooled suits are tested in accordance with 5.10, at no stage during the dive shall the test diver report a thermal comfort score of 4 or less for an actively heated suit, or 9 or higher for an actively cooled suit (see A.2). Neither shall the diver report a perceived exertion score of 5 or more at any stage during the dive (see A.3).
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 12 When tested in accordance 5.10 the satisfactory surface condition of the suit in contact with the user shall be confirmed by showing no excessive irritation, abrasions or other skin injuries. 4.9 Optional features 4.9.1 Special protection 4.9.1.1 Protection against chemicals For suits intended to provide the user with protection against chemicals in the diving environment, the suit material and critical interfaces, e.g. seams, latex closures and slide fasteners, shall be tested in accordance with 5.11.1. The average normalized breakthrough detection time shall be a minimum of 20 min. Materials with an average normalized breakthrough detection time of 20 min to 60 min shall be deemed to have a low protection index and materials with an average normalized breakthrough detection time of more than 60 min shall be deemed to have a high protection index. The protection index, and the chemicals against which protection was shown, shall be marked on the suit [see Clause 6 item n)]. Instructions on effective methods for decontaminating the suit and measuring that decontamination has been effectively achieved shall be provided by the manufacturer. 4.9.1.2 Protection against micro-organisms For suits intended to provide the user with protection against micro-organisms e.g. infective agents in the diving environment, the suit material and critical interfaces, e.g. seams, latex closures and slide fasteners, shall have at least the performance levels Class 6 when tested as required in EN 14126:2003, 4.1.4.1 and 4.1.4.2. 4.9.2 Visibility 4.9.2.1 Colour If the suit manufacturer claims the suit to have a colour enhancing the visibility, this property shall be documented and include an area of the suit not less than 50 % of the total suit area when tested in accordance with 5.3. This enhanced visibility shall be for the relevant use environment. The colour fastness of suit material when determined in accordance with ISO 105-A02:1993 shall be resistant to rubbing (wet and dry), when tested in accordance with EN ISO 105-X12:2002 to at least step 4, and to salt water when tested in accordance with EN ISO 105-E02:1996 to at least step 4. 4.9.2.2 Retroreflective material There shall be affixed to the suit surface a total area of at least 400 cm2 of material which is retroreflective to light and which conforms to the recommendation detailed in IMO SOLAS 83:1974, Chapter III, Resolution A.658(16), Annex 2, as it may be amended. These retroreflective areas shall be located in at least two positions on the suit. Preference shall be given to the upper body, and parts of the suit that will not be covered by attachment or by other parts of the diving equipment. When retroreflective material attached to a suit, and the same material that has not been attached to a suit are tested in accordance with EN ISO 15027-3:2002, 3.11.6.4.2, there shall be no difference in retroreflectivity between the two samples.
EN 14225-3:2005 (E) 13 5 Test methods 5.1 General At least three suits of different sizes including the largest and smallest sizes as stated by the manufacturer together with suit material samples, shall be submitted for visual inspection (see 5.3) and testing. One suit and suit material samples where appropriate shall undergo laboratory tests in accordance with 5.4, 5.5, 5.6 and 5.7 and one suit system shall undergo functional test in accordance with 5.8 and 5.9. All three suits shall undergo practical performance tests under realistic conditions in accordance with 5.10. 5.2 Test sequence The tests shall be conducted in accordance with the flow chart shown in Figure 1 for all types of suits (wet and dry): a) tests on samples of material: cold and hot storage test, (5.5); sea water resistance (5.6); resistance to cleaning and disinfection (5.7); resistance of material to puncture and dynamic tearing (EN 14225-2:2005); strength of suit seams (EN ISO 13935-2:1999 and EN 14225-2:2005); joint strength of attachments (EN ISO 13935-2:1999 and EN 14225-2:2005); compactness and strength of slide fasteners (EN ISO 13935-2:1999 and EN 14225-2:2005); mechanical performance of underwear material (EN ISO 4674-2:1998); b) tests on suits: leakage test (5.4) cold and hot storage test, and inflation resistance test (5.5 and 5.4); sea water resistance (5.6); resistance to cleaning and disinfection (5.7); testing of suits components (5.8 and 5.9); practical performance tests (5.10); c) tests for optional features: protecti
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