oSIST ISO/DIS 11108:2024
(Main)Information and documentation — Archival paper — Requirements for permanence and durability
Information and documentation — Archival paper — Requirements for permanence and durability
Contains requirements for unprinted archival paper intended for documents and publications required for permanent retention and frequent use. For these purposes paper of high performance and high durability is required.
Information et documentation — Papier pour documents d'archives — Prescriptions pour la permanence et la durabilité
Informatika in dokumentacija - Arhivski papir - Zahteve za trajnost in obstojnost
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2024
Informatika in dokumentacija - Arhivski papir - Zahteve za trajnost in obstojnost
Information and documentation — Archival paper — Requirements for permanence and
durability
Information et documentation — Papier pour documents d'archives — Prescriptions pour
la permanence et la durabilité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/DIS 11108
ICS:
01.140.20 Informacijske vede Information sciences
85.060 Papir, karton in lepenka Paper and board
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 11108
ISO/TC 46/SC 10
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: SIS
Archival paper — Requirements for
Voting begins on:
permanence and durability
2024-03-26
Information et documentation — Papier pour documents
Voting terminates on:
d'archives — Prescriptions pour la permanence et la durabilité
2024-06-18
ICS: 01.140.20; 85.060
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Reference number
DRAFT
International
Standard
ISO/DIS 11108
ISO/TC 46/SC 10
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: SIS
Archival paper — Requirements for
Voting begins on:
permanence and durability
Information et documentation — Papier pour documents
Voting terminates on:
d'archives — Prescriptions pour la permanence et la durabilité
ICS: 01.140.20; 85.060
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED
FOR COMMENTS AND APPROVAL. IT
IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE
AND MAY NOT BE REFERRED TO AS AN
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL
PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL,
© ISO 2024
TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND
USER PURPOSES, DRAFT INTERNATIONAL
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
This document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat. BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS,
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE AND TO
PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Required characteristics . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Fibre composition .2
4.3 Grammage . .2
4.4 Tearing resistance .2
4.5 Folding endurance .3
4.6 pH value of aqueous extract .3
4.7 Alkali reserve.3
4.8 Resistance to oxidation .3
5 Report . 3
Annex A (informative) Relationship between archival paper and permanent paper as defined
in ISO 9706 . 4
Annex B (informative) Relationship between paper permanence (ISO 9706), archival paper
permanence and durability (ISO 11108), and paper stability for general graphic
applications (ISO 20494) . 5
Bibliography . 7
iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 46, Information and documentation,
Subcommittee SC 10, Requirements for document storage and conditions for preservation, Working group WG7,
Requirements for materials related to preservation.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 11108:1996).
The main changes are as follows:
— Addition of an Introduction and an Annex to emphasize the relationship and differences between existing
standards on permanence, durability and stability of papers.
— Normative references updating.
— Modification of the term Document to use an existing definition in the terminology database of ISO.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
Introduction
The intention of ISO 11108 is to define a permanent and durable paper that is most suitable for indefinite
storage e.g. in archives, libraries, and museums, and that will show no or only slight changes in optical and
mechanical properties when stored and handled for a long period. Such papers can be used for books as
well as for files, documents and other records that are to be stored and used permanently for legal, cultural
policy or other reasons. For this purpose, this document provides a method for specifying paper, which,
according to the present state of knowledge, has a high degree of permanence and durability.
As research indicates that the deterioration of paper is due to the presence of cellulose-degrading compounds
in the paper furnish and materials incorporated in the paper during manufacture, papers eligible for
permanent use are required to be free of any type of acid sizing or other acid-producing substances, and
of oxidizable matter that causes undesirable discolouration e.g. lignin or recycled material of uncertain
composition.
To ensure durability over time, well-defined fibre sources are important. This document requires a specified
fibre composition in order to ascertain a low degree of oxidizable or acid-producing substances and to ensure
durable strength. In addition, strength is tested through both tearing resistance and folding endurance.
This document is based on a small number of quantitative tests for which limiting values have been specified.
Paper classified in accordance with this document shall show measurement results within the specified
limits for all prescribed tests.
There are two other standards, apart from ISO 11108, regarding either permanence, or stability of papers:
— ISO 9706, Information and documentation – Paper for documents - Requirements for permanence (permanent
paper), which describes permanent paper with the same permanence requirements as for ISO 11108 but
not including durability (ability to withstand the effects of wear and tear during use).
— ISO 20494, Paper - Requirements for stability for general graphic applications (stable paper), which describes
paper for general graphic applications, not intended for permanent storage, including newspapers,
magazines, catalogues, books, office printouts and copies where changes in optical properties over time
can be tolerated.
ISO 11108 and 9706 differ from ISO 20494; they are not comparable either in approach or in method. In
ISO 20494, the decrease in mechanical-physical strength that a paper suffers when subjected to moist heat
treatment for up to 12 days is the basis for defining service life.
Conversely, ISO 11108 and ISO 9706 are based on the fact that acid-catalyzed hydrolysis is the major cause
of the degradation of cellulose, the substance that provides strength to paper, and that this acid hydrolysis
is strongly inhibited if an alkaline buffer and no or little acid-forming substances are present in the paper.
Furthermore, ISO 11108 and ISO 9706 define a resistance to oxidation, which requires the paper to have a
Kappa number of less than 5, corresponding to about 1 % lignin. ISO 11108 and ISO 9706 therefore specify a
paper that is expected to remain substantially unchanged over time in long-term storage.
Both ISO 9706 and ISO 11108 evaluate the permanence properties of the paper. For a doc
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