This document provides guidelines for the laboratory refining of various pulps intended for paper production including: — Harmonization of terms and parameters for the simulation of industrial refining processes by laboratory refiners; — Treatment of pulp samples in a (semi) continuous operation in contrast to the batch operation of laboratory beating equipment such as the PFI mill; — Evaluation of fibres for papermaking, in particular chemical market pulps, under close-to-reality conditions in terms of refining intensity and refining energy consumption. This document only considers refiners operating at low stock concentration, i.e. 3 % to 5 %.

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This document specifies a method for the determination of the conductivity of aqueous extracts of paper, board or pulp, these extracts having been prepared by a hot or cold method.
The method is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulps, except for papers used for electrical purposes. For high purity papers used for electrical purposes, see method given in EN 60554‑2.

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This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by hot water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all kinds of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.
Since the extraction in this document is performed with distilled or deionised water, the pH-value measured can sometimes be different (e.g. fully bleached pulp) from the pH-value measured under mill process conditions in which various types of process waters, such as chemically treated river water containing electrolytes, are used. In such cases, ISO 29681 can be used instead, as it is specifically applicable to bleached pulps from virgin fibres and to pulp samples having a low ionic strength for which the pH value gives more realistic results related to mill conditions than those obtained with this document. For cellulosic papers used for electrical purposes, the method used can be that given in IEC 60554-2[5].

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This document specifies a method for the determination of the pH-value defined by the electrolytes extractable by cold water from a sample of paper, board or pulp.
This document is applicable to all types of paper, board and pulp.
As the quantity of extractable ionic material approaches zero, as in the case of highly purified pulps, the precision of the method becomes poor because of the difficulties encountered in making pH measurements on water containing little electrolytic material.
Since the extraction in this document is performed with distilled or deionised water, the pH-value measured can sometimes be different (e.g. for fully bleached pulp) from the pH-value measured under mill process conditions, in which various types of process waters, such as chemically treated river water containing electrolytes, are used. In such cases, ISO 29681 can be used instead, as it is specifically applicable to bleached pulps from virgin fibres and to pulp samples having a low ionic strength for which the pH value gives more realistic results related to mill conditions than those obtained with this document.
For cellulosic papers used for electrical purposes, the method used can be that given in IEC 60554‑2[5].

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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss.
This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards which incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments. It may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards which contain fluorescent whitening agents provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470‑1.

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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.

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This document specifies a method for determining the bacteria, yeast and mould population on the surface of paper and paperboard. The enumeration relates to specific media. This document is applicable to all kinds of paper and paperboard, to dry market pulp in sheet form and to packaging material.

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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the tensile strength of perforated lines of tissue paper. It uses a tensile-testing apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation.
This method is only used for measuring machine-direction tensile strength, that is for cross-direction perforations on tissue paper.
The calculation of perforation efficiency is also specified in this document.

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This document specifies an apparatus and the procedures for the laboratory wet disintegration of mechanical pulps that exhibit latency except when brightness is measured. This apparatus and procedure can be used for preparation of the test portion in other International Standards dealing with pulps.
This document is applicable to all kind of mechanical pulps (i.e. mechanical, semi-chemical and chemi-mechanical pulps) exhibiting latency.

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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the tensile strength of perforated lines of tissue paper. It uses a tensile-testing apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation. This method is only used for measuring machine-direction tensile strength, that is for cross-direction perforations on tissue paper. The calculation of perforation efficiency is also specified in this document.

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This document specifies a non-waxed edge method for the determination of the edgewise crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard. The force is applied in the direction of the flute axis.
This method is applicable to single-wall (double-faced), double-wall, and triple-wall corrugated fibreboard.
It is applicable to all corrugated fibreboard flute types if no buckling and/or tipping occurs during measurement. This method is also applicable to test samples taken from corrugated cases and other converted products.

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This document specifies a method for determining the water absorptiveness of paper and board, including corrugated fibreboard, under standard conditions.
This document is not applicable for paper of grammage less than 50 g/m2 or embossed paper. It is not applicable for porous papers such as newsprint or papers such as blotting paper or other papers having a relatively high-water absorptiveness for which ISO 8787 is more suitable.

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This document specifies a method for determining the water absorptiveness of paper and board, including corrugated fibreboard, under standard conditions. This document is not applicable for paper of grammage less than 50 g/m2 or embossed paper. It is not applicable for porous papers such as newsprint or papers such as blotting paper or other papers having a relatively high-water absorptiveness for which ISO 8787 is more suitable.

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This document specifies a potentiometric titration procedure for the determination of total, active and effective alkali in white and green liquors obtained and used in the kraft or sulphate pulping process. This document is not applicable for the analysis of liquors such as oxidized white liquors which contain significant amounts of polysulphides. The method given in this document is not intended for the determination of particular ionic species, such as sulphides or carbonates.

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This document describes a procedure for the determination of sulphide, i.e. the hydrosulphide ion concentration, in white, oxidized white and green liquors, as well as in black liquor having a dry matter content up to 40 %. The determination also includes the sulphide part of any polysulphide present in the solution.

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This document describes a procedure for determining the content of residual alkali in Kraft black liquors having a dry matter content up to 40 %. The method is based on a potentiometric titration with hydrochloric acid and is intended for black liquor samples with an initial pH ≥ 11,0. The lower limit of determination is 0,1 g/l of eq. NaOH.

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This document specifies an apparatus and the procedures for the laboratory wet disintegration of mechanical pulps that exhibit latency except when brightness is measured. This apparatus and procedure can be used for preparation of the test portion in other International Standards dealing with pulps.
This document is applicable to all kind of mechanical pulps (i.e. mechanical, semi-chemical and chemi-mechanical pulps) exhibiting latency.

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This document specifies an apparatus and the procedures for the laboratory wet disintegration of mechanical pulps that exhibit latency except when brightness is measured. This apparatus and procedure can be used for preparation of the test portion in other International Standards dealing with pulps. This document is applicable to all kind of mechanical pulps (i.e. mechanical, semi-chemical and chemi-mechanical pulps) exhibiting latency.

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This document specifies the general procedure for fibre furnish analysis of paper, board and pulps. It is applicable to all kinds of pulps and to most papers and boards, including those containing more than one kind of fibre, taking into account different pulping processes. This method is less suitable for heavily impregnated or highly coloured papers and boards, which cannot be dispersed or decoloured without affecting the structure or the staining reactions of the fibres.

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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board,
the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.

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This document describes the determination of the residue (ash content) on ignition of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials at 525 °C. It is applicable to all types of paper, board, pulp and cellulose nanomaterial samples.
This document provides measurement procedures to obtain a measurement precision of 0,01 % or better for residue (ash content) on ignition at 525 °C.
Determination of residue (ash content) on ignition at 900 °C of paper, board, pulps and cellulose nanomaterials is described in ISO 2144.
In the context of this document, the term "cellulose nanomaterial" refers specifically to cellulose nano-object (see 3.2 to 3.4). Owing to their nanoscale dimensions, these cellulose nano-objects can have intrinsic properties, behaviours or functionalities that are distinct from those associated with paper, board and pulps.

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This document specifies testing procedures for the instrumental determination of brightness and
colour of tissue paper and tissue products viewed in indoor daylight conditions. It also gives specific
instructions for the preparation of test pieces (single-ply, multi-ply products) and for the optical
measurements of products, where special precautions can be necessary.
NOTE The properties called D65 brightness and colour are measured with an instrument adjusted to a much
higher UV content than that specified in this document.

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This document specifies a non-waxed edge method for the determination of the edgewise crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard. The force is applied in the direction of the flute axis.
This method is applicable to single-wall (double-faced), double-wall, and triple-wall corrugated fibreboard.
It is applicable to all corrugated fibreboard flute types if no buckling and/or tipping occurs during measurement. This method is also applicable to test samples taken from corrugated cases and other converted products.

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This document specifies two procedures for the preparation of laboratory sheets prior to measuring optical properties. One is the preparation of pads in a Büchner funnel using a filter paper or a wire screen and the other one is the preparation of laboratory sheets in a standard sheet former (conventional or Rapid Köthen). This document is applicable to all wood pulps and to most other types of pulp. It is not applicable to pulps with very long fibres, such as those made from unshortened cotton, flax and similar materials, unless they are reduced to a suitable fibre length (about 2 mm) before performing the methods. It is not applicable to recycled pulps (see ISO 21993). It is not applicable to opacity measurements or to the determination of light scattering and absorption coefficients.

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This document specifies a non-waxed edge method for the determination of the edgewise crush resistance of corrugated fibreboard. The force is applied in the direction of the flute axis. This method is applicable to single-wall (double-faced), double-wall, and triple-wall corrugated fibreboard. It is applicable to all corrugated fibreboard flute types if no buckling and/or tipping occurs during measurement. This method is also applicable to test samples taken from corrugated cases and other converted products.

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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.

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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in paper, board, pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials in solid form, which all can be produced from virgin and /or recycled materials.
It is also applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of paper and board for recycling.
The procedure is applicable to paper, board, and pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of pulp, paper, and board and cellulosic nanomaterial samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required.
This method is not applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of slush pulp or to the determination of the saleable mass of pulp lots.
NOTE 1    ISO 638-2[1] specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content of suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials, ISO 287[2] specifies the determination of the moisture content of a lot of paper and board; ISO 4119[3] specifies the determination of stock concentration of pulps; the ISO 801 series[4] specifies the determination of the saleable mass in lots.
NOTE 2    This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material; in cases where the sample is filterable without loss of cellulosic solids, ISO 4119[3] can be used to determine the stock consistency (content of cellulosic material in solid form).

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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the surface friction of tissue paper and tissue products using a contact-type surface tester.

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This document specifies testing procedures for the instrumental determination of brightness and colour of tissue paper and tissue products viewed in indoor daylight conditions. It also gives specific instructions for the preparation of test pieces (single-ply, multi-ply products) and for the optical measurements of products, where special precautions can be necessary.
NOTE      The properties called D65 brightness and colour are measured with an instrument adjusted to a much higher UV content than that specified in this document.

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This document specifies the standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing pulp, paper and board, the conditioning procedure and the procedures for measuring the temperature and relative humidity.

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This document specifies the relevant International Standards used for the determination of physical
properties of laboratory sheets made of all types of pulps.
It is applicable to laboratory sheets prepared in accordance with ISO 5269-1, ISO 5269-2 or ISO 5269-3.

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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the tensile strength, stretch at
maximum force and tensile energy absorption of tissue paper and tissue products. It uses a tensiletesting apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation.
It also specifies the method of calculating the tensile index and the tensile energy absorption index.

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This document provides guidance on the interpretation of clause 2.2 "prohibited materials" of EN 643:2014 and provides definitions and examples to help the users to meet EN 643 requirements. It does not add to, subtract from, or in any way modify the requirements of the EN 643 standard. This document does not prescribe mandatory approaches to implementation.This document does not modify clause 5.2 of EN 643.

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This document specifies testing procedures for the instrumental determination of brightness and colour of tissue paper and tissue products viewed in indoor daylight conditions. It also gives specific instructions for the preparation of test pieces (single-ply, multi-ply products) and for the optical measurements of products, where special precautions can be necessary. NOTE The properties called D65 brightness and colour are measured with an instrument adjusted to a much higher UV content than that specified in this document.

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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials. The procedure is applicable to cellulosic nanomaterial suspensions which do not contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of 105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of cellulosic nanomaterial suspensions samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of dry matter content is required.
NOTE      This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids. If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material.

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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the tensile strength, stretch at maximum force and tensile energy absorption of tissue paper and tissue products. It uses a tensile-testing apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation.
It also specifies the method of calculating the tensile index and the tensile energy absorption index.

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This document specifies the relevant International Standards used for the determination of physical properties of laboratory sheets made of all types of pulps.
It is applicable to laboratory sheets prepared in accordance with ISO 5269‑1, ISO 5269‑2 or ISO 5269‑3.

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This document provides guidance on the interpretation of Clause 2.2 “prohibited materials” of EN 643:2014 and provides definitions and examples to help the users to meet EN 643 requirements. It does not add to, subtract from, or in any way modify the requirements of the EN 643 standard. This document does not prescribe mandatory approaches to implementation.
This document does not modify Clause 5.2 of EN 643.

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This document specifies a test method for the determination of the tensile strength, stretch at maximum force and tensile energy absorption of tissue paper and tissue products. It uses a tensile-testing apparatus operating with a constant rate of elongation. It also specifies the method of calculating the tensile index and the tensile energy absorption index.

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This document specifies the relevant International Standards used for the determination of physical properties of laboratory sheets made of all types of pulps. It is applicable to laboratory sheets prepared in accordance with ISO 5269‑1, ISO 5269‑2 or ISO 5269‑3.

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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. This document is primarily intended for measuring the colour of paper and board to be used in the graphic arts industry, where that industry specifies the measurement of colour under D50/2° conditions in accordance with ISO 13655. This method differs from ISO 13655, in that the UV content of the illumination is adjusted to a different level. The method can be used to determine the colour of papers or boards that contain fluorescent whitening agents, provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470‑1. This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards that incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments.

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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards which incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments. It may be used to determine the colour of papers or boards which contain fluorescent whitening agents provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been adjusted to conform to that in the CIE illuminant C, using a fluorescent reference standard that fulfils the requirements for international fluorescent reference standards of level 3 (IR3) as prescribed by ISO 2469 with an assigned ISO brightness value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 2470‑1.

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This document specifies a method for measuring the colour of paper and board by the diffuse reflectance method with the elimination of specular gloss. It can be used to determine the colour of papers or boards that contain fluorescent whitening agents, provided the UV content of the illumination on the test piece has been previously adjusted to give the calibrated colorimetric value corresponding to CIE standard illuminant D65, using a fluorescent reference standard with an assigned CIE whiteness (D65/10°) value provided by an authorized laboratory, as described in ISO 11475. This document is not applicable to coloured papers or boards that incorporate fluorescent dyes or pigments.

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This document specifies a test method for the evaluation of the paper coating strength in the inner fold. The test method is intended for single or multiple coated papers up to a thickness of 150 µm that can be folded without creasing.

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This document specifies a method of obtaining, for test purposes, a gross sample representative of a certain lot of pulp. This document applies to all kinds of pulp delivered in bales or rolls. It is intended for use when sampling for all kinds of testing purposes except for the determination of saleable mass, in which case other International Standards apply such as ISO 801-1 and ISO 801-2.
If, however, the pulp is to be tested for saleable mass in addition to other properties, the gross sample obtained according to the appropriate International Standard for sampling saleable mass can also be used for the other pulp property tests.

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This document describes a method for the determination of lignin content in kraft, soda, and hydrolysis lignin. The method is applicable to lignin isolated from a kraft pulping process, a soda pulping process, or lignin obtained by hydrolysis of biomass.

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This document describes a method for the determination of carbohydrate composition in kraft lignin, soda lignin and biorefinery lignin. The method is applicable to lignin isolated from a kraft pulping process, a soda pulping process, or lignin obtained by hydrolysis of biomass.

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This document describes a procedure to gravimetrically determine the physical composition of paper and board for recycling by manually separating/sorting the individual components (including any unwanted materials) and determining the relative masses.

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This document specifies safety requirements.
This document is applicable to pulpers and their loading facilities intended for use in paper making as well as for pulpers used in pulp drying machines and is intended to be used together with EN 1034 1:2021.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to pulpers and their loading facilities, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer.
This document does not apply to pulpers and their loading facilities that have been manufactured before the date of publication of this document.

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This document specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content in
paper, board, pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials in solid form, which all can be produced from virgin
and /or recycled materials.
It is also applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of paper and board for recycling.
The procedure is applicable to paper, board, and pulp and cellulosic nanomaterials which do not
contain any appreciable quantities of materials other than water that are volatile at the temperature of
105 °C ± 2 °C. It is used, for example, in the case of pulp, paper, and board and cellulosic nanomaterial
samples taken for chemical and physical tests in the laboratory, when a concurrent determination of
dry matter content is required.
This method is not applicable to the determination of the dry matter content of slush pulp or to the
determination of the saleable mass of pulp lots.
NOTE 1 ISO 638-2[1]
specifies an oven-drying method for the determination of the dry matter content of
suspensions of cellulosic nanomaterials, ISO 287[2]
specifies the determination of the moisture content of a lot
of paper and board; ISO 4119[3]
specifies the determination of stock concentration of pulps; the ISO 801 series[4]
specifies the determination of the saleable mass in lots.
NOTE 2 This document determines the total dry matter content of the sample, including any dissolved solids.
If only the cellulosic material content free of dissolved solids is desired, dissolved solids are removed prior to
measuring the dry matter content, e.g. by washing or dialysis, taking care to retain all cellulosic material; in
cases where the sample is filterable without loss of cellulosic solids, ISO 4119[3]
can be used to determine the
stock consistency (content of cellulosic material in solid form).

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