SIST EN 12385-3:2021
(Main)Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and maintenance
Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and maintenance
This Part of this European Standard specifies the type of information for use and maintenance of steel wire ropes to be provided by the rope manufacturer or to be included in the manufacturer’s handbook that accompanies a machine, piece of equipment or installation of which the steel wire rope forms a part.
The particular hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4.
For steel wire ropes conforming to Parts 8 and 9 used on cableway installations designed to carry persons, additional information for use and maintenance is given in EN 12927-7.
For steel wire rope slings, specific information on use and maintenance is given in EN 13414-2.
This document is not applicable to steel wire ropes manufactured before the date of publication of this document by CEN.
Drahtseile aus Stahldraht - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Informationen für Gebrauch und Instandhaltung
Dieser Teil dieser Europäischen Norm legt die Art der Informationen für den Gebrauch und die Instand-haltung von Drahtseilen aus Stahldraht fest, die der Seilhersteller bereitstellen muss oder die in der Betriebsanleitung für eine Maschine, ein Geräteteil oder eine Anlage, wovon das Seil ein Bestandteil ist, enthalten sein muss.
Die besonderen Gefährdungen nach dieser Europäischen Norm werden in Abschnitt 4 behandelt.
Besondere Informationen für den Gebrauch und die Instandhaltung von Stahldrahtseilen nach Teil 8 und Teil 9 für Seilbahnen zum Transport von Personen sind in EN 12927 7 angegeben.
Besondere Informationen für den Gebrauch und die Instandhaltung von Anschlagseilen aus Drahtseilen sind in EN 13414 2 angegeben.
Diese Europäische Norm ist nicht für Stahldrahtseile anwendbar, die vor dem Datum der Veröffentlichung dieses Dokuments durch CEN hergestellt wurden.
Câbles en acier - Sécurité - Partie 3: Informations pour l'utilisation et la maintenance
Cette partie de la présente Norme Européenne spécifie le type d’informations pour l’utilisation et la maintenance des câbles en acier que doit fournir le fabricant de câbles ou qui doivent être incluses dans le manuel du fabricant qui accompagne une machine, un équipement ou une installation équipée d’un câble en acier.
Les phénomènes dangereux particuliers couverts par la présente Norme Européenne sont identifiés à l’Article 4.
Les informations spécifiques sur l’utilisation et la maintenance des câbles en acier conformes aux parties 8 et 9 utilisés sur les installations équipées de câbles prévues pour le transport de personnes sont données dans l'EN 12927-7.
Les informations spécifiques relatives à l’utilisation et à la maintenance des élingues en acier sont données dans l’EN 13414-2.
Le présent document n’est pas applicable aux câbles en acier fabriqués avant la date de publication de ce document par le CEN.
Jeklene žične vrvi - Varnost - 3. del: Podatki za uporabo in vzdrževanje
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 12385-3:2021
01-april-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008
Jeklene žične vrvi - Varnost - 3. del: Podatki za uporabo in vzdrževanje
Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and maintenance
Drahtseile aus Stahldraht - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Informationen für Gebrauch und
Instandhaltung
Câbles en acier - Sécurité - Partie 3: Informations pour l'utilisation et la maintenance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12385-3:2020
ICS:
77.140.65 Jeklene žice, jeklene vrvi in Steel wire, wire ropes and
verige link chains
SIST EN 12385-3:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
December 2020
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.140.65 Supersedes EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008
English Version
Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and
maintenance
Câbles en acier - Sécurité - Partie 3 : Informations pour Drahtseile aus Stahldraht - Sicherheit - Teil 3:
l'utilisation et la maintenance Informationen für Gebrauch und Instandhaltung
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 October 2020.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2020 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12385-3:2020 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 List of significant hazards . 7
5 Safety instructions and information for use and maintenance . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Use and maintenance . 7
5.3 Rope selection . 7
5.4 Material health and safety information on steel wire rope and its component parts . 7
Annex A (informative) Example of general information for use and maintenance . 8
A.1 Limitations on use due to adverse environmental conditions . 8
A.1.1 Temperature . 8
A.1.2 Use in exceptionally hazardous conditions . 8
A.2 Before putting the rope into first use . 9
A.2.1 Inspecting the rope and documents . 9
A.2.2 Storing the rope . 9
A.2.3 Checking the condition of rope related parts of the machine, equipment or
installation . 9
A.3 Handling and installing the rope . 10
A.3.1 General . 10
A.3.2 Rope supplied in a coil . 10
A.3.3 Rope supplied on a reel . 11
A.3.4 Cutting the rope . 12
A.3.5 ‘Running in’ the new rope . 12
A.4 Maintenance . 12
A.4.1 Inspecting and examining the rope . 12
A.4.2 Lubricating the rope in service . 13
Annex B (informative) Guidance on rope selection . 14
B.1 Construction in relation to abrasion and wear . 14
B.2 Type of core in relation to crushing of the rope at the drum . 14
B.3 Wire finish in relation to corrosion . 14
B.4 Direction of lay and type. 15
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EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
B.4.1 Connecting ropes to each other (in series) or working alongside each other (in
parallel) . 15
B.4.2 Direction of coiling . 15
B.5 Rotational characteristics and use of a swivel . 16
B.6 Fleet angle . 17
Annex C (informative) Material health and safety information on steel wire rope and its
component parts . 20
C.1 Material . 20
C.1.1 General . 20
C.1.2 Fibre cores: . 20
C.1.3 Filling and covering materials: . 21
C.1.4 Manufacturing rope lubricants: . 21
C.2 General information . 22
C.2.1 Occupational protective measures: . 22
C.2.2 Emergency medical procedures: . 22
C.2.3 Safety information – fire or explosion hazard. 22
C.2.4 Disposal . 22
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 23
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/33/EU aimed to be covered . 25
Bibliography . 27
3
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN 12385-3:2020) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains,
ropes, webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by June 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008.
EN 12385-3:2020 incorporates editorial changes required as part of the compliance with the Lift
Directive 2014/33/EU.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA and Annex ZB, which are integral parts
of this document.
The other Parts of this European standard are:
— Part 1: General requirements;
— Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification;
— Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications;
— Part 5: Stranded ropes for lifts;
— Part 6: Stranded ropes for mine shafts;
— Part 7: Locked coil ropes for mine shafts;
— Part 8: Stranded hauling and carrying-hauling ropes for cableway installations designed to carry
persons;
— Part 9: Locked coil carrying ropes for cableway installations designed to carry persons;
— Part 10: Spiral ropes for general structural applications.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
Introduction
This document is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This Part of this European standard has been prepared to support the other Parts of this standard that
concern themselves with the particular requirements for steel wire ropes to be used in specific
applications.
The types of ropes concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of
this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A and B
standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other
standards, for information for use and maintenance according to the provisions of this type C standard.
5
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
1 Scope
This document specifies the type of information for use and maintenance of steel wire ropes to be
provided by the rope manufacturer or to be included in the manufacturer’s handbook that accompanies
a machine, piece of equipment or installation of which the steel wire rope forms a part.
The particular hazards covered by this document are identified in Clause 4.
For steel wire ropes conforming to Parts 8 and 9 used on cableway installations designed to carry
persons, additional information for use and maintenance is given in EN 12927.
For steel wire rope slings, specific information on use and maintenance is given in EN 13414-2.
This document is not applicable to steel wire ropes manufactured before the date of publication of this
document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Definitions, designation and
classification
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and
EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
inspection
routine visual check on the condition of the rope to identify obvious damage or deterioration which
might affect its fitness for use
Note 1 to entry: Often performed on a daily basis before initial utilization of machine.
3.2
thorough examination
detailed external (and where possible, internal) examination of the rope carried out by a competent
(trained and experienced) person at specific periodic time intervals as determined by national
regulations
Note 1 to entry: Visual examination supplemented by other means, such as measurement or electro-magnetic
non-destructive testing.
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt
with in this standard, identified by risk assessment and which require action to eliminate or reduce the
risk.
Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements
Hazards relevant to this standard Relevant clause of this standard
identified by reference to
EN ISO 12100:2010
Inadequate information for use and 5.2
maintenance
Annex A
Inadequate information on rope selection 5.3
Annex B
Inadequate information about the effects on 5.4
health and safety of the materials used in wire
Annex C
ropes
5 Safety instructions and information for use and maintenance
5.1 General
Information shall be provided on the subjects listed in 5.2 to 5.4.
5.2 Use and maintenance
This information shall include temperature limits, use in exceptionally hazardous conditions, first use,
handling and installation and maintenance.
An example of such information is given in Annex A.
5.3 Rope selection
For stranded ropes this information shall include guidance on rope construction in relation to abrasion
and wear, type of core in relation to crushing of the rope at the drum, wire finish in relation to
corrosion, direction of lay and type in relation to direction of coiling, rotational characteristics in
relation to use of a swivel and fleet angle effects.
An example of such information is given in Annex B.
5.4 Material health and safety information on steel wire rope and its component parts
This information shall include details of all the individual materials that form part of the finished rope
and general information relating to occupational protective measures, emergency medical procedures,
safety (including any fire or explosion hazards) and disposal.
An example of such information is given in Annex C.
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EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
Annex A
(informative)
Example of general information for use and maintenance
A.1 Limitations on use due to adverse environmental conditions
A.1.1 Temperature
A.1.1.1 Steel wire ropes made from carbon steel wires
Account should be taken of the maximum temperature that may be reached by the wire rope in service.
An underestimation of the temperature involved can lead to a dangerous situation.
Stranded ropes with fibre cores or fibre centres can be used up to a maximum of 100 °C.
Stranded ropes with steel cores and spiral ropes (i.e. spiral strand and locked coil) can be used up to
200 °C although some de-rating of the working load limit is necessary, the amount being dependent
upon the exposure time at high temperature and the diameter of the wires. For operating temperatures
between 100 °C and 200 °C the loss in strength may be assumed to be 10 %.
For temperatures above 200 °C special lubricants may be necessary and greater losses in strength than
stated above will need to be taken into account. The rope or machinery manufacturer should be
contacted.
The strength of steel wire ropes will not be adversely affected by operating temperatures as low as –
40 °C and no reduction from the working load limit is necessary; however, rope performance may be
reduced, depending upon the effectiveness of the rope lubricant at low temperatures.
When the rope is fitted with a termination, also refer to A.1.1.2.
A.1.1.2 Terminations
In addition to the limits stated above for rope, and unless otherwise specified by the rope manufacturer
or the manufacturer of the machine, equipment or installation, the following operating temperatures
shall not be exceeded:
— turn-back eye with aluminium ferrule: 150 °C;
— ferrule-secured eye with steel ferrule: 200 °C;
— socket filled with a lead-based alloy: 80 °C;
— socket filled with zinc or a zinc-based alloy: 120 °C;
— socket filled with resin – refer to resin socketing system designer’s instructions.
A.1.2 Use in exceptionally hazardous conditions
In cases where exceptionally hazardous conditions are known to exist, e.g. offshore activities, the lifting
of persons and potentially dangerous loads such as molten metals, corrosive materials or radioactive
materials a risk assessment should be carried out and the working load limit selected or adjusted
accordingly.
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EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
A.2 Before putting the rope into first use
A.2.1 Inspecting the rope and documents
The rope should be unwrapped and examined immediately after delivery in order to check its identity
and condition and to ensure that the rope and its termination(s), if any, are compatible with the
machinery or equipment to which they are to be attached in service.
If damage to the rope or its package is observed, this should be recorded on the delivery note.
The Certificate of conformity by the rope manufacturer should be kept in a safe place, e.g. with the crane
handbook, for identification of the rope when carrying out periodic thorough examinations in service.
The rope should not be used for lifting purposes without the user having a Certificate in his possession.
A.2.2 Storing the rope
A clean, well-ventilated, dry, dust free, undercover location should be selected. The rope should be
covered with waterproof material if it cannot be stored inside.
The rope should be stored and protected in such a manner that it will not be exposed to any accidental
damage during the storage period or when placing the rope in, or taking it out of, storage.
The rope should be stored where it is not likely to be affected by chemical fumes, steam or any other
corrosive agents.
If supplied on a reel, the reel should be rotated periodically during long periods of storage, particularly
in warm environments, to prevent migration of the lubricant from the rope.
The rope should not be stored in areas subject to elevated temperatures as this may affect its future
performance. In extreme cases its original as-manufactured breaking force could be severely reduced
rendering it unfit for safe use.
The rope should not be allowed to make any direct contact with the floor and the reel should be so
positioned that there is a flow of air under the reel.
NOTE Failure to ensure the above can result in the rope becoming contaminated with foreign matter and
start the onset of corrosion even before the rope is put into service.
Preferably, the reel should be supported in an A-frame or cradle standing on ground which is capable of
safely supporting the total mass of rope and reel.
The rope should be inspected periodically and, when necessary, a suitable rope dressing, which is
compatible with the manufacturing lubricant, should be applied.
Any wet packaging, e.g. sackcloth, should be removed.
The rope marking should be checked to verify that it is legible and relates to the certificate. When
removing from store, the principle 'first in, first out' should be applied.
A.2.3 Checking the condition of rope related parts of the machine, equipment or
installation
Before installing the new rope, the condition and dimensions of rope related parts, e.g. drums, sheaves
and rope guards, should be checked to verify that they are within the operating limits as specified by
the original equipment manufacturer.
For ropes working on cranes, the effective groove diameter should be at least 5 % above the nominal
rope diameter. The groove diameter should be checked using a sheave gauge.
Sheaves should also be checked to ensure that they are free to rotate.
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EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
Under no circumstances should the actual rope diameter be greater than the pitch of the drum. In the
case of multi-layer coiling, the relationship between the actual rope diameter and the pitch should be
assessed.
When grooves become excessively worn, it may be possible to have them re-machined. Before doing so,
the sheave or drum should be examined to determine if sufficient strength will remain in the underlying
material supporting the rope after the machining has been carried out.
NOTE When grooves become worn and the rope is pinched at it sides, strand and wire movement is
restricted and the ability of the rope to bend is reduced, thus affecting rope performance.
A.3 Handling and installing the rope
A.3.1 General
The procedure for installing the rope should be carried out in accordance with a detailed plan issued by
the user of the steel wire rope.
The rope should be checked to verify that it is not damaged when unloaded and when transported to
storage compound or site. During these operations, the rope itself should not come into contact with
any part of the lifting device, such as the hook of a crane or a fork of a fork lift truck. Webbing slings may
be helpful.
A.3.2 Rope supplied in a coil
The coil of rope should be placed on the ground and rolled out straight, ensuring that it does not
become contaminated with dust, grit, moisture or other harmful material.
The rope should never be pulled away from a stationary coil as this will induce turn into the rope and
form kinks.
If the coil is too large to physically handle, it may need to be placed on a turntable which will allow the
rope to be paid out as the end of the rope is pulled away from the coil. Correct methods of paying out
rope from a coil are shown in Figure A.1.
Figure A.1 — Correct methods of paying out rope from a coil
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SIST EN 12385-3:2021
EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
A.3.3 Rope supplied on a reel
A shaft of adequate strength should be passed through the reel bore and the reel places in a suitable
stand which allows it to rotate and be braked to avoid overrun during installation.
Where multi-layer coiling is involved, the rope should be placed in equipment that has the capability of
providing a back tension in the rope as it is being transferred from the supply reel to the drum. This is
to ensure that the underlying laps of rope, particularly in the bottom layer, are wound tightly on the
drum.
The supply reel should be positioned such that the fleet angle during installation is kept to a minimum.
If a loop forms in the rope it should not be allowed to tighten to form a kink.
The reel stand should be mounted so as not to create a reverse bend during reeving, i.e. for a drum with
an underwind rope, take the rope off the bottom of the supply reel (see Figure A.2).
Figure A.2 — Transfer of wire rope from reel to drum with control of rope tension – bottom of
reel to bottom of drum
When releasing the outboard end of the rope from the supply reel or coil, this should be done in a
controlled manner. On release of the bindings or the rope end fixing, the rope will want to straighten
itself and unless controlled this could be a violent action, which could result in injury.
The as-manufactured condition of the rope should be maintained during installation.
If installing the new rope with the aid of the old rope, one method is to fit a wire rope sock to each of the
rope ends to be attached. The open end of the sock should be securely attached to the rope by a serving
or alternatively by a suitable clip. The two ends should be connected via a length of fibre rope of
adequate strength in order to avoid turn being transmitted from the old rope into the new rope. If a
wire rope is used, it should be a rotation-resistant type or should have the same lay type and direction
as the new rope. Alternatively, a length of fibre or steel rope of adequate strength may be reeved into
the system for use as a pilot/messenger line. A swivel should not be used during the installation of the
rope.
Monitor the rope carefully as it is being pulled into the system and ensure that it is not obstructed by
any part of the structure or mechanism that may damage the rope and result in a loss of control.
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EN 12385-3:2020 (E)
A.3.4 Cutting the rope
If it is necessary to cut the rope, secure servings should be applied on both sides of the cut mark. The
length of each serving for a stranded rope should be at least equal to two rope diameters.
One serving either side of the cut mark is usually sufficient for preformed ropes (see EN 12385-2). For
non-preformed ropes, rotation-resistant ropes and parallel-closed ropes a minimum of two servings
each side of the cut mark is recommended.
Preferably, cutting of the rope should be done using a high speed abrasive disc cutter. Other suitable
mechanical or hydraulic shearing equipment may be used although not recommended when the rope
end is to be welded or brazed. When cutting, ensure adequate ventilation to avoid any build-up of fumes
from the rope and its constituent parts. See Annex C.
NOTE
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 12385-3:2018
01-december-2018
-HNOHQHåLþQHYUYL9DUQRVWGHO 3RGDWNL]DXSRUDERLQY]GUåHYDQMH
Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and maintenance
Drahtseile aus Stahldraht - Sicherheit - Teil 3: Informationen für Gebrauch und
Instandhaltung
Câbles en acier - Sécurité - Partie 3: Informations pour l'utilisation et la maintenance
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 12385-3
ICS:
77.140.65 Jeklene žice, jeklene vrvi in Steel wire, wire ropes and
verige link chains
oSIST prEN 12385-3:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 12385-3:2018
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oSIST prEN 12385-3:2018
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 12385-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
October 2018
ICS 77.140.65 Will supersede EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008
English Version
Steel wire ropes - Safety - Part 3: Information for use and
maintenance
Câbles en acier - Sécurité - Partie 3: Informations pour Drahtseile aus Stahldraht - Sicherheit - Teil 3:
l'utilisation et la maintenance Informationen für Gebrauch und Instandhaltung
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 168.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 12385-3:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 12385-3:2018
prEN 12385-3:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions . 5
4 List of significant hazards . 5
5 Safety instructions and information for use and maintenance . 6
Annex A (informative) Example of general information for use and maintenance . 7
A.1 Limitations on use due to adverse environmental conditions . 7
A.2 Before putting the rope into first use . 7
A.3 Handling and installing the rope . 9
A.4 Maintenance . 11
Annex B (informative) Guidance on rope selection . 12
B.1 Rope selection . 12
Annex C (informative) Material health and safety information on steel wire rope and its
component parts . 17
C.1 Material . 17
C.2 General information . 18
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/33/EU aimed to be covered . 20
Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 22
Bibliography . 23
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European foreword
This document (prEN 12385-3:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 168 “Chains, ropes,
webbing, slings and accessories - Safety”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 12385-3:2004+A1:2008.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA and Annex ZB, which are integral parts of this
document.
The other Parts of this European Standard are:
• Part 1: General requirements
• Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification
• Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications
• Part 5: Stranded ropes for lifts
• Part 6: Stranded ropes for mine shafts
• Part 7: Locked coil ropes for mine shafts
• Part 8: Stranded hauling and carrying-hauling ropes for cableway installations designed to carry persons
• Part 9: Locked coil carrying ropes for cableway installations designed to carry persons
• Part 10: Spiral ropes for general structural applications
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Introduction
This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
This Part of this European Standard has been prepared to support the other Parts of this standard that concern
themselves with the particular requirements for steel wire ropes to be used in specific applications.
The types of ropes concerned and the extent to which hazards are covered are indicated in the scope of this
document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A and B standards,
the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for
information for use and maintenance according to the provisions of this type C standard.
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1 Scope
This Part of this European Standard specifies the type of information for use and maintenance of steel wire
ropes to be provided by the rope manufacturer or to be included in the manufacturer’s handbook that
accompanies a machine, piece of equipment or installation of which the steel wire rope forms a part.
The particular hazards covered by this European Standard are identified in Clause 4.
For steel wire ropes conforming to Parts 8 and 9 used on cableway installations designed to carry persons,
additional information for use and maintenance is given in EN 12927-7.
For steel wire rope slings, specific information on use and maintenance is given in EN 13414-2.
This document is not applicable to steel wire ropes manufactured before the date of publication of this
document by CEN.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the
latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 12385-2:2002+A1:2008, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 2: Definitions, designation and classification
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction
(ISO 12100:2010)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010, EN 12385-
2 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
inspection
visual check on the condition of the rope to identify obvious damage or deterioration which might affect its
fitness for use
3.2
thorough examination
visual examination carried out by a competent (trained and experienced) person, and where necessary,
supplemented by other means, such as measurement or electro-magnetic non-destructive testing, in order to
detect damage or deterioration which might affect the fitness for use of the rope
4 List of significant hazards
Table 1 contains all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events, as far as they are dealt with in this
standard, identified by risk assessment and which require action to eliminate or reduce the risk.
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Table 1 — Hazards and associated requirements
Hazards relevant to this standard Relevant clause of this standard
identified by reference to EN ISO
12100:2010
Inadequate information for use and 5.2
maintenance
Annex A
Inadequate information on rope selection 5.3
Annex B
Inadequate information about the effects on 5.4
health and safety of the materials used in wire
Annex C
ropes
5 Safety instructions and information for use and maintenance
5.1 General
Information shall be provided on the subjects listed in 5.2 to 5.4.
5.2 Use and maintenance
This information shall include temperature limits, use in exceptionally hazardous conditions, first use, handling
and installation and maintenance.
An example of such information is given in Annex A.
5.3 Rope selection
For stranded ropes this information shall include guidance on rope construction in relation to abrasion and
wear, type of core in relation to crushing of the rope at the drum, wire finish in relation to corrosion, direction
of lay and type in relation to direction of coiling, rotational characteristics in relation to use of a swivel and fleet
angle effects.
An example of such information is given in Annex B.
5.4 Material health and safety information on steel wire rope and its component parts
This information shall include details of all the individual materials that form part of the finished rope and
general information relating to occupational protective measures, emergency medical procedures, safety
(including any fire or explosion hazards) and disposal.
An example of such information is given in Annex C.
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Annex A
(informative)
Example of general information for use and maintenance
A.1 Limitations on use due to adverse environmental conditions
A.1.1 Temperature
A.1.1.1 Steel wire ropes made from carbon steel wires
Account should be taken of the maximum temperature that may be reached by the wire rope in service. An
underestimation of the temperature involved can lead to a dangerous situation.
Stranded ropes with fibre cores or fibre centres can be used up to a maximum of 100 °C.
Stranded ropes with steel cores and spiral ropes (i.e. spiral strand and locked coil) can be used up to 200 °C
although some de-rating of the working load limit is necessary, the amount being dependent upon the exposure
time at high temperature and the diameter of the wires. For operating temperatures between 100 °C and 200
°C the loss in strength may be assumed to be 10 %.
For temperatures above 200 °C special lubricants may be necessary and greater losses in strength than stated
above will need to be taken into account. The rope or machinery manufacturer should be contacted.
The strength of steel wire ropes will not be adversely affected by operating temperatures as low as – 40 °C and
no reduction from the working load limit is necessary; however, rope performance may be reduced, depending
upon the effectiveness of the rope lubricant at low temperatures.
When the rope is fitted with a termination, also refer to A.1.1.2.
A.1.1.2 Terminations
In addition to the limits stated above for rope, and unless otherwise specified by the rope manufacturer or the
manufacturer of the machine, equipment or installation, the following operating temperatures shall not be
exceeded:
Turn-back eye with aluminium ferrule: 150 °C
Ferrule-secured eye with steel ferrule: 200 °C Socket filled with a lead-based alloy: 80 °C
Socket filled with zinc or a zinc-based alloy: 120 °C
Socket filled with resin – refer to resin socketing system designer’s instructions
A.1.2 Use in exceptionally hazardous conditions
In cases where exceptionally hazardous conditions are known to exist, e.g. offshore activities, the lifting of
persons and potentially dangerous loads such as molten metals, corrosive materials or radioactive materials a
risk assessment should be carried out and the working load limit selected or adjusted accordingly.
A.2 Before putting the rope into first use
A.2.1 Inspecting the rope and documents
The rope should be unwrapped and examined immediately after delivery in order to check its identity and
condition and to ensure that the rope and its termination(s), if any, are compatible with the machinery or
equipment to which they are to be attached in service.
If damage to the rope or its package is observed, this should be recorded on the delivery note.
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The Certificate of conformity by the rope manufacturer should be kept in a safe place, e.g. with the crane
handbook, for identification of the rope when carrying out periodic thorough examinations in service.
The rope should not be used for lifting purposes without the user having a Certificate in his possession.
A.2.2 Storing the rope
A clean, well-ventilated, dry, dust free, undercover location should be selected. The rope should be covered
with waterproof material if it cannot be stored inside.
The rope should be stored and protected in such a manner that it will not be exposed to any accidental damage
during the storage period or when placing the rope in, or taking it out of, storage.
The rope should be stored where it is not likely to be affected by chemical fumes, steam or any other corrosive
agents.
If supplied on a reel, the reel should be rotated periodically during long periods of storage, particularly in warm
environments, to prevent migration of the lubricant from the rope.
The rope should not be stored in areas subject to elevated temperatures as this may affect its future
performance. In extreme cases its original as-manufactured breaking force could be severely reduced
rendering it unfit for safe use.
The rope should not be allowed to make any direct contact with the floor and the reel should be so positioned
that there is a flow of air under the reel.
NOTE Failure to ensure the above may result in the rope becoming contaminated with foreign matter and start the
onset of corrosion even before the rope is put into service.
Preferably, the reel should be supported in an A-frame or cradle standing on ground which is capable of safely
supporting the total mass of rope and reel.
The rope should be inspected periodically and, when necessary, a suitable rope dressing, which is compatible
with the manufacturing lubricant, should be applied.
Any wet packaging, e.g. sackcloth, should be removed.
The rope marking should be checked to verify that it is legible and relates to the certificate. When removing
from store, the principle 'first in, first out' should be applied.
A.2.3 Checking the condition of rope related parts of the machine, equipment or installation
Before installing the new rope, the condition and dimensions of rope related parts, e.g. drums, sheaves and
rope guards, should be checked to verify that they are within the operating limits as specified by the original
equipment manufacturer.
For ropes working on cranes, the effective groove diameter should be at least 5 % above the nominal rope
diameter. The groove diameter should be checked using a sheave gauge.
Sheaves should also be checked to ensure that they are free to rotate.
Under no circumstances should the actual rope diameter be greater than the pitch of the drum. In the case of
multi-layer coiling, the relationship between the actual rope diameter and the pitch should be assessed.
When grooves become excessively worn, it may be possible to have them re-machined. Before doing so, the
sheave or drum should be examined to determine if sufficient strength will remain in the underlying material
supporting the rope after the machining has been carried out.
NOTE When grooves become worn and the rope is pinched at it sides, strand and wire movement is restricted and
the ability of the rope to bend is reduced, thus affecting rope performance.
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A.3 Handling and installing the rope
A.3.1 General
The procedure for installing the rope should be carried out in accordance with a detailed plan issued by the
user of the steel wire rope.
The rope should be checked to verify that it is not damaged when unloaded and when transported to storage
compound or site. During these operations, the rope itself should not come into contact with any part of the
lifting device, such as the hook of a crane or a fork of a fork lift truck. Webbing slings may be helpful.
A.3.2 Rope supplied in a coil
The coil of rope should be placed on the ground and rolled out straight, ensuring that it does not become
contaminated with dust, grit, moisture or other harmful material.
The rope should never be pulled away from a stationary coil as this will induce turn into the rope and form
kinks.
If the coil is too large to physically handle, it may need to be placed on a turntable which will allow the rope to
be paid out as the end of the rope is pulled away from the coil. Correct methods of paying out rope from a coil
are shown in Figure A.1.
Figure A.1 — Correct methods of paying out rope from a coil
A.3.3 Rope supplied on a reel
A shaft of adequate strength should be passed through the reel bore and the reel places in a suitable stand
which allows it to rotate and be braked to avoid overrun during installation.
Where multi-layer coiling is involved, the rope should be placed in equipment that has the capability of
providing a back tension in the rope as it is being transferred from the supply reel to the drum. This is to
ensure that the underlying laps of rope, particularly in the bottom layer, are wound tightly on the drum.
The supply reel should be positioned such that the fleet angle during installation is kept to a minimum. If a loop
forms in the rope it should not be allowed to tighten to form a kink.
The reel stand should be mounted so as not to create a reverse bend during reeving, i.e. for a drum with an
underwind rope, take the rope off the bottom of the supply reel (see Figure A.2).
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Figure A.2 — Transfer of wire rope from reel to drum with control of rope tension – bottom of reel to
bottom of drum
When releasing the outboard end of the rope from the supply reel or coil, this should be done in a controlled
manner. On release of the bindings or the rope end fixing, the rope will want to straighten itself and unless
controlled this could be a violent action, which could result in injury.
The as-manufactured condition of the rope should be maintained during installation.
If installing the new rope with the aid of the old rope, one method is to fit a wire rope sock to each of the rope
ends to be attached. The open end of the sock should be securely attached to the rope by a serving or
alternatively by a suitable clip. The two ends should be connected via a length of fibre rope of adequate
strength in order to avoid turn being transmitted from the old rope into the new rope. If a wire rope is used, it
should be a rotation-resistant type or should have the same lay type and direction as the new rope.
Alternatively, a length of fibre or steel rope of adequate strength may be reeved into the system for use as a
pilot/messenger line. A swivel should not be used during the installation of the rope.
Monitor the rope carefully as it is being pulled into the system and ensure that it is not obstructed by any part
of the structure or mechanism that may damage the rope and result in a loss of control.
A.3.4 Cutting the rope
If it is necessary to cut the rope, secure servings should be applied on both sides of the cut mark. The length of
each serving for a stranded rope should be at least equal to two rope diameters.
One serving either side of the cut mark is usually sufficient for preformed ropes (see EN 12385-2). For non-
preformed ropes, rotation-resistant ropes and parallel-closed ropes a minimum of two servings each side of
the cut mark is recommended.
Preferably, cutting of the rope should be done using a high speed abrasive disc cutter. Other suitable
mechanical or hydraulic shearing equipment may be used although not recommended when the rope end is to
be welded or brazed. When cutting, ensure adequate ventilation to avoid any build-up of fumes from the rope
and its constituent parts. See Annex C.
NOTE 1 Some special ropes contain synthetic material which, when heated to a temperature higher than normal
production processing temperatures, will decompose and may give off toxic fumes.
NOTE 2 Rope produced from carbon steel wires in the form as-shipped is not considered a health hazard. During
subsequent processing (e.g. cutting, welding, grinding, cleaning) dust and fumes may be produced which contain elements
that may affect exposed persons.
After cutting, failure to correctly secure the rope end is likely to lead to slackness or distortions in the rope.
An alternative method of cutting is by fusing and tapering, a process which is designed to prevent the wires and
strands from unlaying.
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A.3.5 ‘Running in’ the new rope
Where possible, ‘run in’ the new rope by operating the equipment slowly, preferably with a low load for a
number of cycles. This enables the new rope to adjust itself gradually to the working conditions. The rope
should never 'run in' with full load or even with overload.
Check that the rope is spooling correctly on the drum and that no slack occurs in the rope or cross-laps of rope
develop at the drum.
NOTE Irregular coiling will inevitably result in severe surface wear and rope distortion.
A.4 Maintenance
A.4.1 Inspecting and examining the rope
Inspection and through examination intervals and discard criteria should be in accordance with the following:
• Crane ropes – ISO 4309;
• Lift ropes – ISO 4344;
• Cableway ropes –EN 12927-7.
A.4.2 Lubricating the rope in service
The protection provided by the original manufacturing lubricant is normally adequate to prevent deterioration
due to corrosion during shipment, storage and the early life of the rope; however, in order to obtain optimum
performance, most ropes will benefit from the application of a service lubricant, the type of which will be
dependent upon the rope application and the environmental conditions to which the rope is exposed.
The service lubricant shall be compatible with the original manufacturing lubricant and in the case of a traction
drive rope, not impair its frictional characteristics. Refer to the recommendations of the rope manufacturer or
the original equipment manufacturer.
Typical methods of applying the service lubricant are by brush, drip feed, portable pressurized spray or high
pressure. This latter system is generally designed to force the service lubricant into the rope under high
pressure while simultaneously cleaning the rope and removing moisture, residual lubricant and other
contaminants.
Failure to apply a service lubricant could result in a reduction in the performance of the rope and at worst, lead
to undetectable internal corrosion.
Application of too much and the wrong type of lubricant may lead to an accumulation of foreign debris on the
surface of the rope. This could result in abrasive damage to the rope, the sheave and the drum. It may also
make it difficult to determine the true condition of the rope for evaluation against discard criteria.
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Annex B
(informative)
Guidance on rope selection
B.1 Rope selection
B.1.1 Construction in relation to abrasion and wear
Wire rope will become progressively weaker when subject to abrasion and wear. This occurs when a rope
makes contact with another body, such as when it passes through a sheave or over a roller, coils onto a drum or
is dragged through or along abrasive material.
Where abrasion is known to be the primary mode of deterioration, consideration should be given to selecting a
rope with as larger outer wires as possible, but also taking into account whether there is any additional need to
fulfil any bending fatigue requirements.
Lang lay rope (subject to both ends of the rope being fixed and prevented from rotating) and compacted strand
rope can be advantageous under abrasive conditions.
NOTE Although expected to occur mainly on the crowns of the wires, wear may also take place at the strand-core and
strand interfaces within the rope.
B.1.2 Type of core in relation to crushing of the rope at the drum
Crushing can occur due to a number of reasons but more likely when the rope is subject to multi-layer coiling
at the drum. Also, greater radial pressure will be experienced between the rope and a smooth or plain-faced
drum than with a grooved drum.
Stranded ropes containing fibre should not be used where coiling extends into multi-layers.
Ropes with steel cores and compacted strand ropes are more resistant to crushing and distortion.
B.1.3 Wire finish in relation to corrosion
If corrosion is expected or known to be a primary mode of deterioration, it is preferable to use a rope
containing zinc (or zinc alloy Zn95/Al5) coated wires.
Consideration should be given to selecting a rope with as larger wires as possible, taking into account whether
there is any additional need to fulfil any bending fatigue requirements.
A rope with a large number of small wires is more susceptible to corrosion than a rope with a small number of
large wires.
B.1.4 Direction of lay and type
B.1.4.1 Connecting ropes to each other (in series) or working alongside each other (in parallel)
In the event that it is necessary to connect one rope to another (i.e. in series), whether during installation or in
operation, it is essential that they are of the same lay direction and type, e.g. right lay ordinary (sZ) to right lay
ordinary (sZ).
NOTE Connecting a ‘left’ lay rope to a ‘right’ lay rope will result in rope rotation and unlaying of the strands when
loaded. If the ropes are also hand spliced at the connection the splices will open up and pull apart.
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Some applications, e.g. grabs and container cranes, dem
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