SIST EN 12697-5:2004
(Main)Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum density
This European Standard specifies test methods for determining the maximum density of a bituminous mixture (voidless mass). It specifies a volumetric procedure, a hydrostatic procedure and a mathematical procedure.
The test methods described are intended for use with loose bituminous mixtures containing paving grade bitumens, modified binders or other bituminous binders used for hot mix asphalt. The tests are suitable for both fresh or aged bituminous mixtures.
NOTE 1 Samples can be supplied as loose mixture or as compacted mixture.
NOTE 2 General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the maximum density of a bituminous mixture is given in annex A.
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 5: Bestimmung der Rohdichte
Diese Europäische Norm legt Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Rohdichte von Asphalt fest (hohlraumfreie Masse). Sie legt ein volumetrisches, ein Auftriebs- und ein mathematisches Verfahren fest.
Die beschriebenen Verfahren sind zur Anwendung auf unverdichteten Asphalt bestimmt, der Straßenbaubitumen, modifiziertes Bitumen oder sonstige bituminöse Bindemittel für Heißasphalt enthält. Die Verfahren sind sowohl für frisch hergestelltes als auch für bereits verarbeitetes Mischgut geeignet.
ANMERKUNG 1 Die Proben können als lockeres oder als verdichtetes Mischgut angeliefert werden.
ANMERKUNG 2 Anhang A enthält grundsätzliche Hinweise zur Auswahl des Prüfverfahrens für die Bestimmung der Rohdichte von Asphalt.
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné a chaud - Partie 5: Masse volumique maximale (masse volumique réelle) des matériaux bitumineux
La présente Norme européenne spécifie des méthodes d'essai permettant de déterminer la masse volumique maximale (masse volumique réelle) des matériaux bitumineux. Elle spécifie une méthode volumétrique, une méthode hydrostatique et une méthode par calcul.
Les méthodes d'essai décrites sont destinées a etre utilisées pour des matériaux foisonnés contenant des bitumes purs, des liants modifiés ou d'autres liants bitumineux utilisés pour les enrobés a chaud. Les essais sont applicables aux matériaux bitumineux qu'ils soient neufs ou anciens.
NOTE 1 Les échantillons peuvent etre issus d'un matériau foisonné ou compacté.
NOTE 2 Les directives pour sélectionner un mode opératoire par rapport a un autre pour la détermination de la masse volumique réelle des matériaux bitumineux sont données dans l'annexe A.
Bitumenske zmesi – Preskusne metode za vroče asfaltne zmesi – 5. del: Ugotavljanje največje gostote
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximum densityGHOMélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné a chaud - Partie 5: Masse volumique maximale (masse volumique réelle) des matériaux bitumineuxAsphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 5: Bestimmung der RohdichteTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12697-5:2002SIST EN 12697-5:2004en93.080.20Materiali za gradnjo cestRoad construction materialsICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12697-5:200401-junij-2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12697-5July 2002ICS 93.080.20English versionBituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5:Determination of the maximum densityMélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélangehydrocarboné à chaud - Partie 5: Masse volumiquemaximale (masse volumique réelle) des matériauxbitumeuxAsphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 5:Bestimmung der RohdichteThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2002.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2002 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12697-5:2002 E
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)2ContentspageForeword.31Scope.62Normative references.63Terms and definitions.64Principle.75Materials.76Apparatus.77Sampling.88Preparation of sample.89Procedure.810Calculation.1011Precision.1212Report.12Annex A (informative)
General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the maximumdensity of bituminous mixtures.13Annex B (informative)
Determination of the binder absorption characteristics of the mineralaggregates for bituminous mixtures).15Annex C (normative)
Procedure for the calibration of a pyknometer.17Bibliography.18
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)3ForewordThis document EN 12697-5:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 "Road mixtures", thesecretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by January 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby August 2005.This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below.EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 1: Soluble binder contentprEN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 2: Particle size distributionEN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 3: Binder recovery: Rotary evaporatorEN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 4: Binder recovery: FractionatingcolumnprEN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 5: Determination of the maximumdensityprEN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 6: Determination of bulk density ofbituminous specimen by hydro-static methodprEN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 7: Determination of bulk density ofbituminous specimens by gamma raysprEN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 8: Determination of the air voidscontent of bituminous mixturesprEN 12697-9, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 9: Determination of the referencedensity, gyrator compactorEN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 10: CompactibilityprEN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 11: Determination of thecompatibility between aggregate and bitumenprEN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 12: Determination of the watersensitivity of bituminous specimensEN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 13: Temperature measurementEN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 14: Water contentprEN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 15: Determination of thesegregation sensitivity of bituminous mixturesprEN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)4prEN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 17: Particles loss of porous asphaltspecimenprEN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 18: Binder drainage from porousasphaltprEN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 19: Permeability of specimenprEN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 20: Indentation using cube ormarshall specimensprEN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 21: Indentation using platespecimensprEN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 22: Wheel trackingprEN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 23: Determination of the indirecttensile strength of bituminous specimensprEN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 24: Resistance to fatiqueprEN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 25: Dynamic creep testprEN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 26: StiffnessEN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 27: SamplingEN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 28: Preparation of samples fordetermining binder content, water content and gradingprEN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 29: Determination of thedimensions of bituminous specimenprEN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 30: Specimen preparation, impactcompactorprEN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 31: Specimen preparation, gyratorycompactorprEN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 32: Laboratory compaction ofbituminous mixtures by a vibratory compactorprEN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 33: Specimen preparation, slabcompactorprEN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 34: Marshall testprEN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 35: Laboratory mixingprEN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 36: Method for the determination ofthe thickness of a bituminous pavementprEN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivityof binder on precoated chippings for HRAprEN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 38: Common equipment andcalibrationThe applicability of this European Standard is described in the product standards for bituminous mixtures.
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)5No existing European Standard is superseded.WARNING — The method described in this European Standard can require the use of dichloromethane(methylene chloride), this solvent is hazardous to health and is subject to occupational exposure limits asdescribed in relevant legislation and regulations.Exposure levels are related to both handling procedures and ventilation provision and it is emphasised thatadequate training should be given to staff employed in the use of this substances.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)61 ScopeThis European Standard specifies test methods for determining the maximum density of a bituminous mixture(voidless mass). It specifies a volumetric procedure, a hydrostatic procedure and a mathematical procedure.The test methods described are intended for use with loose bituminous mixtures containing paving grade bitumens,modified binders or other bituminous binders used for hot mix asphalt. The tests are suitable for both fresh or agedbituminous mixtures.NOTE 1Samples can be supplied as loose mixture or as compacted mixture.NOTE 2General guidance on selection of a test procedure to determine the maximum density of a bituminous mixture isgiven in annex A.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 1097-6, Test for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates - Part 6: Determination of particle densityand water absorption.EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 1: Soluble binder content.EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 27: Sampling.EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 28: Preparation of samples fordetermining binder content, water content and grading.EN ISO 3838, Crude oil and liquid or solid petroleum products - Determination of density or relative density -Capillary-stoppered pyknometer and graduated bicappilary pyknometer methods (ISO 3838:1995).3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1maximum densitymass per unit volume, without air voids, of a bituminous mixture at known test temperature3.2bulk densitymass per unit volume, including the air voids, of a specimen at known test temperature3.3apparent particle densityratio of the oven dried mass of a sample of aggregate to the volume it occupies in water including any internalsealed voids but excluding water accessible voids3.4particle dry densityratio of the oven dried mass of a sample of aggregate to the volume it occupies in water including both internalsealed voids and water accessible voids
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)73.5loose bulk density of aggregatequotient obtained when the mass of dry aggregate filling a specified container without compaction is divided by thecapacity of that container4 PrincipleThe maximum density, together with the bulk density, is used to calculate the air voids content of a compactedsample and other volumetric-related properties of a compacted bituminous mixture.In the volumetric and hydrostatic procedures the maximum density of bituminous mixtures is determined from thevolume of the sample without voids and from its dry mass.In the volumetric procedure the volume of the sample is measured as the displacement of water or solvent by thesample in a pyknometer.In the hydrostatic procedure the volume of the sample is calculated from the dry mass of the sample and from itsmass in water.In the mathematical procedure the maximum density of a bituminous mixture is calculated from its composition(binder content and aggregate content) and the densities of the constituent mixtures.5 Materials5.1De-aired water (freshly de-aired and cooled) or organic solvent, suitable to solve bituminous binders (for thevolumetric and hydrostatic procedures).5.2Dispersion agent, [e.g. 7 % of Nonylphenolpolyglcolether (7 groups of Ethoxyl) in water].5.3Boiling water.6 Apparatus6.1Tools to clean samples (if required).6.2Ventilated cabinet, capable of drying the sample and maintaining a uniform temperature within (110 ± 5) °C inthe vicinity of the test sample(s).6.3Suitable tools to loosen and separate the sample, e.g. spatula.6.4Balance, accurate to at least 0,1 g.6.5Thermometer, accurate to at least 0,1 °C.6.6Water-bath, maintaining the water at a uniform temperature within ± 0,2 °C in the vicinity of the testsample(s). The water-bath shall contain a grid to permit submersion of the pyknometer or container to around 20mm below the upper edge of pyknometer or container and to allow water to circulate. The volume of the bath shallbe at least three times that of the pyknometer/container.6.7Vibrating table, or other means to shake the pyknometer or container during evacuation of air.6.8Pyknometer, (for the volumetric procedure), of suitable size, with an accurately fitting head piece. Thevolume of the pyknometer shall be such that the sample occupies up to 2/3 of its volume. The volume of thepyknometer shall be regularly calibrated in accordance with annex C.6.9Vacuum system, (for the volumetric procedure), with manometer or calibrated vacuum gauge, capable ofevacuating air from the pyknometer to a residual pressure of 4 kPa or less.
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)86.10Container, (for the hydrostatic procedure), capable of being suspended in water. The shape of the containershall be such that the sample can be immersed completely when filling the container with water; the sample shalloccupy up to 2/3 of the container’s volume which shall be not less than 3 000 cm3.6.11Vacuum desiccator, (for the hydrostatic procedure), or other vacuum vessel capable of accommodating thepyknometer or container.7 SamplingSamples of bituminous mixture shall be obtained in accordance with EN 12697-27.Samples shall have a mass expressed in grams of at least 50 times the numerical value of the nominal maximumparticle size of the aggregates in millimetres, i.e. the largest specified sieve size of the mixture with a minimum of250 g.8 Preparation of sample8.1 Bulk samplesObtain a test sample from a bulk sample after homogenising by riffling or quartering in accordance withEN 12697-28.8.2 Samples from finished mixtureSamples of compacted mixture shall be cleaned by brushing or washing before being placed in the ventilatedcabinet, at a temperature of (110 ± 5) °C, dried to constant mass and then separated.NOTEConstant mass is obtained when the change of mass between two determinations at an interval of at least 30 min isless than 0,1 % (m/m).8.3 Sample separationSamples shall be loosened and separated into coarse particles and agglomerations. Agglomerations shall not belarger than 6 mm. If the mixture is not sufficiently soft to separate manually, warm it on a tray in an oven at atemperature not exceeding 110 °C, but only until it can be properly handled.9 Procedure9.1 GeneralAll masses shall be determined in grams to the nearest 0,1 g. The volume of the pyknometer shall be determined incubic metres to the nearest 0,5 x 10-6 m3.9.2 Procedure A: Volumetric procedure9.2.1Weigh the empty pyknometer including the head piece (m1) of known volume (Vp).NOTEThe volume of the pyknometer can be determined in accordance with annex B.9.2.2Place the dry test sample into the pyknometer and bring it to ambient temperature, then weigh again,together with the head piece (m2).9.2.3Fill the pyknometer with de-aired water or solvent, up to a maximum of 30 mm below the head joint.
EN 12697-5:2002 (E)99.2.4Evacuate entrapped air, by applying a partial vacuum of a residual pressure of 4 kPa
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