SIST EN 12697-24:2004
(Main)Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 24: Resistance to fatigue
Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 24: Resistance to fatigue
This European Standard specifies the methods for characterising the fatigue of bituminous mixtures by alternative tests, including bending tests and direct and indirect tensile tests. The tests are performed on compacted bituminous material under a sinusoidal loading or other controlled loading, using different types of specimens and supports.
The procedure is used to rank bituminous mixtures on the basis of resistance to fatigue, as a guide to relative performance in the pavement, to obtain data for estimating the structural behaviour in the road and to judge test data according to specifications for bituminous mixtures.
Because this European Standard does not impose a particular type of testing device, the precise choice of the test conditions depends on the possibilities and the working range of the used device. For the choice of specific test conditions, the requirements of the product standards for bituminous mixtures shall be respected. The applicability of this European Standard is described in the product standards for bituminous mixtures. Results obtained from different test methods are not assured to be comparable.
Asphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 24: Beständigkeit gegen Ermüdung
Dieses Dokument legt die Verfahren fest zur Charakterisierung der Ermüdung von Asphalt durch verschiedene Prüfungen, einschließlich Biegeprüfungen und Prüfungen der direkten sowie der indirekten Zugfestigkeit. Die Prüfungen werden an verdichtetem Asphalt unter sinusförmiger oder einer anderen kontrollierten Belastung unter Verwendung verschiedener Probekörpertypen und Auflagerungen vorgenommen.
Das Verfahren dient zur Einstufung von Asphalt nach seiner Beständigkeit gegen Ermüdung, als Hinweis auf sein relatives Leistungsvermögen in der Fahrbahnbefestigung, um Daten zur Abschätzung des Tragverhaltens in der Straße zu erhalten und die Prüfdaten nach den für Asphalt geltenden Festlegungen zu beurteilen.
Da dieses Dokument keinen bestimmten Prüfgerätetyp vorschreibt, hängt die genaue Auswahl der Prüfbedingungen von den Möglichkeiten und dem Arbeitsbereich des im betreffenden Fall verwendeten Prüfgeräts ab. Bei der Auswahl der jeweiligen Prüfbedingungen müssen die Anforderungen der Produktnormen für Asphalt berücksichtigt werden. Die Anwendbarkeit dieses Dokumentes ist in den Produktnormen für Asphalt beschrieben. Die mit verschiedenen Prüfverfahren erhaltenen Prüfergebnisse sind nicht notwendigerweise miteinander vergleichbar.
Mélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné a chaud - Partie 24: Résistance a la fatigue
Le présent document spécifie les méthodes qui sont utilisées pour caractériser la fatigue des mélanges bitumineux par différents types d'essais, dont des essais de flexion et des essais de traction directe et indirecte. Les essais sont réalisés sur des matériaux bitumineux compactés, au moyen d'une charge sinusoidale ou d'une autre charge contrôlée, en utilisant différents types d'éprouvettes et de supports.
La procédure est utilisée pour classer les mélanges bitumineux selon leur résistance a la fatigue, prise comme guide comparatif des performances dans les structures de chaussée, de maniere a obtenir des données permettant d'estimer le comportement structurel du matériau dans la chaussée et de pouvoir juger les résultats d'essais en fonction des spécifications des mélanges bitumineux.
Comme le présent document n'impose pas un type de dispositif d'essai particulier, le choix précis des conditions d'essai dépend des possibilités et de la plage de fonctionnement du dispositif utilisé. Pour le choix des conditions d'essai spécifiques, il sera nécessaire de respecter les criteres des normes produit des mélanges bitumineux. Le domaine d'application du présent document est décrit dans les normes produit des mélanges bitumineux. Il n'est pas certain que les résultats obtenus selon les différentes méthodes d'essai soient comparables.
Bitumenske zmesi – Preskusne metode za vroče asfaltne zmesi – 24. del: Odpornost proti utrujanju
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part 24: Resistance to fatigueMélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour mélange hydrocarboné a chaud - Partie 24: Résistance a la fatigueAsphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 24: Beständigkeit gegen ErmüdungTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12697-24:2004SIST EN 12697-24:2004en93.080.20Materiali za gradnjo cestRoad construction materialsICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12697-24:200401-september-2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 12697-24July 2004ICS 93.080.20English versionBituminous mixtures - Test methods for hot mix asphalt - Part24: Resistance to fatigueMélanges bitumineux - Méthodes d'essai pour enrobés àchaud - Partie 24: Résistance à la fatigueAsphalt - Prüfverfahren für Heißasphalt - Teil 24:Beständigkeit gegen ErmüdungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 March 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 12697-24:2004: E
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.5 1 Scope.8 2 Normative references.8 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviations.8 3.1 General.8 3.2 Two-point bending test on trapezoidal specimens.9 3.3 Two-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.10 3.4 Three-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.13 3.5 Four-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.14 3.6 Indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens.19 3.6.1 Symbols.19 4 Failure.20 5 Calculations.20 6 Summary of the procedures.20 6.1 Two-point bending test on trapezoidal specimens.20 6.2 Two-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.20 6.3 Three-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.20 6.4 Four-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.20 6.5 Indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens.21 7 Test report.21 Annex A (normative)
Two-point bending test on trapezoidal shaped specimens.22 A.1 Principle.22 A.1.1 General.22 A.1.2 Element test.22 A.1.3 Fatigue line.23 A.2 Equipment.23 A.2.1 Test machine.23 A.2.2 Thermostatic chamber.23 A.2.3 Measuring equipment.24 A.3 Specimen preparation.24 A.3.1 Sawing and storing.24 A.3.2 Characteristics of the specimens.25 A.3.3 Embedding Check.25 A.3.4 Stabilisation of the specimens.26 A.3.5 Gluing the ends.26 A.4 Procedure.27 A.4.1 Preparing the test equipment.27 A.4.2 Carrying out the fatigue test.27 A.4.3 Choice of the strain.27 A.4.4 Number of element tests.28 A.5 Calculation and expression of results.28 A.6 Test report.30 A.7 Precision.30 Annex B (normative)
Two-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.31 B.1 Principle.31
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 3 B.2 Equipment.31 B.2.1 Test machine.31 B.2.2 Thermostatic chamber.31 B.2.3 Measuring equipment.31 B.3 Specimen preparation.32 B.3.1 Sawing and storing.32 B.3.2 Characteristics of the specimens.32 B.3.3 Stabilisation of the specimens.32 B.3.4 Gluing the ends.32 B.4 Procedure.32 B.4.1 Preparing the test equipment.32 B.4.2 Carrying out the fatigue test.33 B.4.3 Choice of the tension.33 B.5 Calculation and expression of results.33 B.6 Test report.35 B.7 Precision.36 Annex C (normative)
Three-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.37 C.1 Principle.37 C.1.1 General.37 C.1.2 Element test.37 C.1.3 Fatigue line.37 C.2 Equipment.37 C.2.1 Test machine.37 C.2.2 Load cell.37 C.2.3 Extensometer and displacement sensor.37 C.2.4 Clamping device.38 C.2.5 Data acquisition equipment.38 C.2.6 Thermostatic chamber.38 C.2.7 Other general equipment.38 C.2.8 Check on the operation of the complete equipment and the mounting of the specimen.38 C.3 Specimen preparation.38 C.3.1 Manufacturing and sawing.38 C.3.2 Bulk density.38 C.3.3 Storing.38 C.3.4 Clamping devices preparation.39 C.4 Procedure.39 C.4.1 Preparing the test equipment.39 C.4.2 Carrying out the fatigue test.39 C.4.3 Load function, extensometer signal function, and displacement function recording.39 C.4.4 End of test.40 C.5 Calculation and expression of results.40 C.5.1 Calculation of the stress function and the strain function at a cycle.40 C.5.2 Calculation of the dynamic modulus, phase difference angle, and density of dissipated energy at one cycle.41 C.5.3 Determination of the fatigue law and energy law.42 C.6 Test report.43 C.7 Precision.43 Annex D (normative)
Four-point bending test on prismatic shaped specimens.44 D.1 Principle.44 D.1.1 General.44 D.1.2 Element test.44 D.1.3 Fatigue line.45 D.2 Equipment.46 D.2.1 Test machine.46 D.2.2 Clamping device.46 D.2.3 Thermostatic chamber.46 D.2.4 Electronic data registration equipment.46 D.2.5 Check on the operation of the complete equipment and the mounting of the specimen.47
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 4 D.3 Specimen preparation.47 D.3.1 Dimensions.47 D.3.2 Sawing.48 D.3.3 Drying.48 D.3.4 Storage.48 D.3.5 Condition.48 D.3.6 Mounting.48 D.4 Procedure.48 D.4.1 Preparing the test equipment.48 D.4.2 Carrying out the fatigue test.49 D.4.3 Choice of test conditions.49 D.4.4 Data processing.50 D.5 Calculation and expression of results.50 D.6 Test report.51 D.7 Precision.51 Annex E (normative)
Indirect tensile test on cylindrical shaped specimens.52 E.1 Principle.52 E.2 Equipment.52 E.2.1 Test machine.52 E.2.2 Loading.52 E.2.3 Displacement.52 E.2.4 Thermostatic chamber.52 E.2.5 Recording and measuring system.52 E.2.6 Loading frame.53 E.2.7 Positioning rig.54 E.2.8 Glue.54 E.3 Specimen preparation.55 E.3.1 Test specimen.55 E.3.2 Specimen dimensions.55 E.3.3 Position of the deformation and loading strips.55 E.3.4 Conditioning.55 E.4 Procedure.56 E.5 Calculation and reporting of results.56 E.6 Test report.59 E.7 Precision.59 Bibliography.60
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 12697-24:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2005. This document is one of a series of standards as listed below: EN 12697-1, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 1: Soluble binder content. EN 12697-2, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 2: determination of particle size distribution. EN 12697-3, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 3: Binder recovery: Rotary evaporator. EN 12697-4, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 4: Binder recovery: Fractionating column. EN 12697-5, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 5: Determination of the maximum density. EN 12697-6, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 6: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-7, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 7: Determination of bulk density of bituminous specimens by gamma rays. EN 12697-8, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 8: Determination of void characteristics of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-9, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 9: Determination of the reference density. EN 12697-10, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 10: Compactibility. EN 12697-11, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 11: Determination of the affinity between aggregate and bitumen. EN 12697-12, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 12: Determination of the water sensitivity of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-13, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 13: Temperature measurement. EN 12697-14, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 14: Water content. EN 12697-15, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 15: Determination of the segregation sensitivity. EN 12697-16, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 16: Abrasion by studded tyres.
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 6 EN 12697-17, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 17: Partial loss of porous asphalt specimen. EN 12697-18, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 18: Binder drainage. EN 12697-19, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 19: Permeability of specimen. EN 12697-20, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 20: Indentation using cube or Marshall specimens. EN 12697-21, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 21: Indentation using plate specimens. EN 12697-22, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 22: Wheel tracking. EN 12697-23, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 23: Determination of the indirect tensile strength of bituminous specimens. EN 12697-24, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 24: Resistance to fatigue. prEN 12697-25, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 25: Cyclic compression test. EN 12697-26, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 26: Stiffness. EN 12697-27, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 27: Sampling. EN 12697-28, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 28: Preparation of samples for determining binder content, water content and grading. EN 12697-29, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 29: Determination of the dimensions of a bituminous specimen. EN 12697-30, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 30: Specimen preparation, impact compactor. EN 12697-31, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 31: Specimen preparation, gyratory compactor. EN 12697-32, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 32: Laboratory compaction of bituminous mixtures by a vibratory compactor. EN 12697-33, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 33: Specimen prepared by roller compactor. EN 12697-34, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 34: Marshall test. prEN 12697-35, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 35: Laboratory mixing. EN 12697-36, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 36: Determination of the thickness of a bituminous pavement. EN 12697-37, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 37: Hot sand test for the adhesivity of binder on precoated chippings for HRA. EN 12697-38, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 38: Common equipment and calibration.
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 7 prEN 12697-39, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 39: Binder content by ignition. prEN 12697-40, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 40: In-situ drainability. prEN 12697-41, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 41: Resistance to de-icing fluids. prEN 12697-42, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 42: Amount of foreign matters in reclaimed asphalt. prEN 12697-43, Bituminous mixtures — Test methods for hot mix asphalt — Part 43: Resistance to fuel. No existing European Standard is superseded. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 12697-24:2004 (E) 8
1 Scope This document specifies the methods for characterising the fatigue of bituminous mixtures by alternative tests, including bending tests and direct and indirect tensile tests. The tests are performed on compacted bituminous material under a sinusoidal loading or other controlled loading, using different types of specimens and supports. The procedure is used to rank bituminous mixtures on the basis of resistance to fatigue, as a guide to relative performance in the pavement, to obtain data for estimating the structural behaviour in the road and to judge test data according to specifications for bituminous mixtures. Because this document does not impose a particular type of testing device, the precise choice of the test conditions depends on the possibilities and the working range of the used device. For the choice of specific test conditions, the requirements of the product standards for bituminous mixtures shall be respected. The applicability of this doc
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