SIST EN ISO 9239-1:2002
(Main)Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-1:2002)
Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination of the burning behaviour using a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-1:2002)
This European Standard specifies a method for assessing the wind-opposed burning behaviour and spread of flame of horizontally mounted floorings exposed to a heat flux radiant gradient in a test chamber, when ignited with pilot flames. Annex A gives details of assessing the smoke development, when required.
This method is applicable to all types of flooring e.g. textile carpet, cork, wood, rubber and plastics coverings as well as coatings. Results obtained by this method reflect the performance of the flooring, including any substrate if used. Modifications of the backing, bonding to a substrate, underlay or other changes of the flooring may affect test results.
This European Standard is applicable to the measurement and description of the properties of floorings in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions. It should not be used alone to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of floorings under actual fire conditions.
Information on the precision of the test method is given in annex B.
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bodenbelägen - Teil 1: Bestimmung des Brandverhaltens bei Beanspruchung mit einem Wärmestrahler (ISO 9239-1:2002)
Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt ein Verfahren zum Nachweis des Brandverhaltens, bei Beanspruchung entgegen der Luftströmung, und der Flammenausbreitung horizontal angeordneter Bodenbeläge, die in einer Prüfkammer einem Wärmestromgefälle ausgesetzt werden und dabei durch eine Zündflamme entzündet werden. Sofern eine Beurteilung der Rauchentwicklung erforderlich ist, sind Einzelheiten hierzu Anhang A zu entnehmen.
Dieses Prüfverfahren gilt für alle Bodenbeläge, wie z. B. textile Bodenbeläge, Kork, Holz, Gummi und Kunststoffbeläge, sowie für Beschichtungen. Die mit diesem Prüfverfahren erzielten Ergebnisse zeigen das Brandverhalten des gesamten geprüften Bodenbelags einschließlich einer etwaigen Trägerplatte. Änderungen des Bodenbelagrückens, der Verklebung mit der Trägerplatte, der Unterlagsschicht oder andere Änderungen des Bodenbelags können die Prüfergebnisse beeinflussen.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für die Messung und Beschreibung der Eigenschaften von Bodenbelägen bei Beanspruchung durch Wärme und Flammen unter kontrollierten Laboratoriumsbedingungen. Sie sollte nicht allein dazu benutzt werden, die Brandgefahr bzw. das Brandrisiko von Bodenbelägen unter realen Brandbedingungen zu beschreiben oder zu bewerten.
Hinweise zur Genauigkeit des Prüfverfahrens sind Anhang B zu entnehmen.
Essais de réaction au feu des revetements de sol - Partie 1: Détermination du comportement au feu a l'aide d'une source de chaleur rayonnante (ISO 9239-1:2002)
La présente Norme européenne prescrit une méthode d'évaluation du comportement au feu opposé au vent et de la propagation de flamme de revetements de sol montés horizontalement et exposés a un gradient de flux énergétique dans une chambre d'essai, lorsqu'ils sont allumés avec une flamme pilote. L'annexe A fournit des détails sur l'évaluation du développement de la fumée, lorsque cela est nécessaire.
La présente méthode s'applique a tous les types de revetements de sol comme la moquette textile, le liege, le bois et les revetements en caoutchouc et en plastique ainsi que les enduits. Les résultats obtenus par la présente méthode refletent les performances du revetement de sol, y compris son substrat, le cas échéant. Les résultats d'essai sont susceptibles d'etre affectés par des modifications apportées au support, au collage sur un substrat, a la thibaude ou par d'autres changements du revetement.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique au mesurage et a la description des propriétés des revetements de sol en réponse a la chaleur et a la flamme dans des conditions contrôlées de laboratoire. Il ne convient pas de l'utiliser seule pour décrire ou évaluer les dangers ou le risque d'incendie des revetements de sol dans des conditions réelles d'incendie.
L'annexe B fournit des informations sur la fidélité de la méthode d'essai.
Preskusi odziva talnih oblog na ogenj - 1. del: Ugotavljanje obnašanja pri gorenju z uporabo sevalnega vira toplote (ISO 9239-1:2002)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 9239-1:2002
01-september-2002
Preskusi odziva talnih oblog na ogenj - 1. del: Ugotavljanje obnašanja pri gorenju z
uporabo sevalnega vira toplote (ISO 9239-1:2002)
Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination of the burning behaviour using
a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-1:2002)
Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bodenbelägen - Teil 1: Bestimmung des
Brandverhaltens bei Beanspruchung mit einem Wärmestrahler (ISO 9239-1:2002)
Essais de réaction au feu des revetements de sol - Partie 1: Détermination du
comportement au feu a l'aide d'une source de chaleur rayonnante (ISO 9239-1:2002)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 9239-1:2002
ICS:
13.220.40 Sposobnost vžiga in Ignitability and burning
obnašanje materialov in behaviour of materials and
proizvodov pri gorenju products
59.080.60 Tekstilne talne obloge Textile floor coverings
97.150 Netekstilne talne obloge Non-textile floor coverings
SIST EN ISO 9239-1:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 9239-1
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2002
ICS 13.220.40; 59.080.60; 97.150
English version
Reaction to fire tests for floorings - Part 1: Determination of the
burning behaviour using a radiant heat source (ISO 9239-
1:2002)
Essais de réaction au feu des revêtements de sol - Partie Prüfungen zum Brandverhalten von Bodenbelägen - Teil 1:
1: Détermination du comportement au feu à l'aide d'une Bestimmung des Brandverhaltens bei Beanspruchung mit
source de chaleur rayonnante (ISO 9239-1:2002) einem Wärmestrahler (ISO 9239-1:2002)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 June 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 9239-1:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope.4
2 Normative references.5
3 Terms and definitions.5
4 Test apparatus.6
5 Test specimen .8
6 Conditioning .8
7 Test procedure .9
7.1 Calibration procedure.9
7.2 Standard test procedure.10
8 Expression of results.11
9 Test report.11
Annex A (normative) Smoke measurement .13
A.1 General .13
A.2 Performance requirements .13
A.3 Apparatus.13
A.4 Light system calibration.14
A.4.1 General .14
A.4.2 Stability check .14
A.4.3 Optical filters for checking the smoke measurement system.14
A.4.4 Optical filter check .14
A.5 Test procedure .15
A.6 Expression of results.15
Annex B (informative) Precision of test method .16
Annex C (informative) Gas and air supplies .17
Bibliography .27
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
Foreword
The text of EN ISO 9239-1:2002 has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 "Fire
safety in buildings", the secretariat of which is held by BSI, in collaboration with Technical Committee
ISO/TC 92 "Fire safety".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by December 2003.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
Introduction
The measurements in this test method provide a basis for estimating one aspect of fire exposure
behaviour of floorings. The imposed radiant flux simulates the thermal radiation levels likely to
impinge on the floor of a corridor whose upper surfaces are heated by flames or hot gases or both,
during the early stages of a developing fire in an adjacent room or compartment under wind-opposed
flame spread conditions.
The test specimen is placed in a horizontal position below a gas-fired radiant panel inclined at
30°where it is exposed to a defined heat flux. A pilot flame is applied to the hotter end of the
specimen. The test principle is illustrated in Figure 1. Following ignition, any flame front which
develops is noted and a record is made of the progression of the flame front horizontally along the
length of the specimen in terms of the time it takes to spread to defined distances. If required, the
smoke development during the test is recorded as the light transmission in the exhaust stack.
The results are expressed in terms of flame spread distance versus time, the critical heat flux at
extinguishment and smoke density versus time.
Safety warning:
The possibility of a gas-air fuel explosion in the test chamber should be recognized. Suitable
safeguards consistent with sound engineering practice should be installed in the panel fuel supply
system. These should include at least the following:
a gas feed cut-off which is immediately activated when air and/or gas supply fail;
a temperature sensor or a flame detection unit directed at the panel surface that stops fuel flow
when the panel flame goes out.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that toxic or harmful gases may be produced during exposure of
the specimens. In view of the potential hazard from products of combustion, the exhaust system
should be designed and operated so that the laboratory environment is protected from smoke and
gas. The operator should be instructed to minimize his exposure to combustion products by following
sound safety practice, for example ensuring that the exhaust system is working properly, wearing
appropriate clothing including gloves, etc.
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies a method for assessing the wind-opposed burning behaviour and
spread of flame of horizontally mounted floorings exposed to a heat flux radiant gradient in a test
chamber, when ignited with pilot flames. Annex A gives details of assessing the smoke development,
when required.
This method is applicable to all types of flooring e.g. textile carpet, cork, wood, rubber and plastics
coverings as well as coatings. Results obtained by this method reflect the performance of the flooring,
including any substrate if used. Modifications of the backing, bonding to a substrate, underlay or other
changes of the flooring may affect test results.
4
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
This European Standard is applicable to the measurement and description of the properties of
floorings in response to heat and flame under controlled laboratory conditions. It should not be used
alone to describe or appraise the fire hazard or fire risk of floorings under actual fire conditions.
Information on the precision of the test method is given in annex B.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any
of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or
revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including
amendments).
EN 13238, Reaction to fire tests for building products — Conditioning procedures and general rules
for selection of substrates
EN 60584-1, Thermocouples — Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1:1995)
EN ISO 13943, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943:1999)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the definitions given in EN ISO 13943, together with the
following terms and definitions, apply.
3.1
2
heat flux (kW/m )
incident heat power per unit area; this includes both radiant heat flux and convective heat flux
3.2
critical heat flux at extinguishment (CHF)
2
incident heat flux (kW/m ) at the surface of a specimen at the point where the flame ceases to
advance and may subsequently go out. The heat flux value reported is based on interpolations of
measurements with a non-combustible calibration board
3.3
heat flux at X min (HF-X)
2
heat flux (kW/m ) received by the specimen at the most distant spread of flame position observed
during the first X minutes of the test
3.4
critical heat flux
heat flux at which the flame extinguishes (CHF) or the heat flux after the test period of 30 min
(HF-30), whichever is the lower value (i.e. the flux corresponding with the furthest extent of spread of
flame within 30 min)
3.5
flux profile
curve relating heat flux on the specimen plane to distance from the zero point
The zero point of the heat flux profile is specified as the inner edge of the hottest side of the specimen
holder.
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
3.6
sustained flaming
persistence of flame on or over the surface of the specimen for a period of more than 4 s
3.7
distance of flame spread
furthest extent of travel of a sustained flame along the length of the test specimen within a given time
3.8
flooring
upper layer(s) of a floor, comprising any surface finish with or without an attached backing and with
any accompanying underlay, interlay and/or adhesive
3.9
substrate
product which is used immediately beneath the product about which information is required. For a
flooring, it is the floor on which the flooring is mounted or the material to represent the floor
4 Test apparatus
4.1 The test apparatus shall be placed in a room, at a distance of at least 0,4 m to the walls and the
ceiling. It shall have the dimensions shown in Figures 2 to 5. The chamber shall be made of calcium
3
silicate boards of (13 ± 1) mm thickness and 650 kg/m nominal density, with a tightly fitting panel of
fire resistant glass with dimensions of (110 ± 10) mm x (1 100 ± 100) mm, situated at the front so that
the whole length of the specimen can be observed during the test. The chamber may have an outside
metal cladding. Below this observation window, a tightly closing door shall be provided through which
the test specimen platform can be moved in and out.
A steel scale marked with 10 mm and 50 mm intervals starting at the inner edge of the test specimen
holder shall be mounted on both sides of the test specimen.
4.2 The bottom of the chamber shall consist of a sliding platform which shall have provision for
rigidly securing the test specimen holder in a fixed and level position (see Figure 1). The total air
2
access area between the chamber and the test specimen holder shall be (0,23 ± 0,03) m uniformly
distributed on all sides of the test specimen.
4.3 The source of radiant heat energy shall be a panel of porous refractory material mounted in a
1)
metal frame, with a radiation surface of (30 0 ± 10) mm (450 ± 10) mm.
The panel shall be capable of withstanding temperatures up to 900 °C and use a fuel gas/air mixing
system with suitable instrumentation (see annex C) to ensure consistent and repeatable operation.
The radiant heat panel is placed over the test specimen holder with its longer dimension at (30 ± 1)°
to the horizontal plane (see Figure 5).
4.4 The test specimen holder is fabricated from heat resistant L-profile stainless steel of
(2,0 ± 0,1) mm thickness to the dimensions shown in Figure 6. The test specimen is exposed through
an opening (200 ± 3) mm (1 015 ± 10) mm. The test specimen holder is fastened to the sliding steel
platform by means of two bolts on each end.
1) Propane and/or butane air mixtures have been proved to be suitable but other fuel gas/air mixtures may be
utilised as well.
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
The test specimen holder shall be provided with means to secure the specimen (e.g. steel bar
clamps). The overall thickness of the holder is (22 ± 2) mm.
4.5 The pilot burner, used to ignite the test specimen, shall be nominal 6 mm ID, 10 mm OD,
stainless steel burner having 2 lines of 19 evenly spaced 0,7 mm diameter holes drilled radially along
the centre line and 16 evenly spaced 0,7 mm diameter holes drilled radially 60° below the centre line
(see Figure 7). In operation the propane flow rate shall be adjusted to (0,026 ± 0,002) l/s. The pilot
burner shall be positioned so that the flames generated from the lower line of holes will impinge on
the specimen (10 ± 2) mm from the zero point (see Figure 8). The pilot burner tube shall be 3 mm
above the edge of the specimen holder when the burner is in the ignition position. When not being
applied to the test specimen, the burner shall be capable of being moved at least 50 mm away from
the zero point of the test specimen. The gas used shall be commercial grade propane having a
3
calorific value of approximately 83 MJ/m .
NOTE 1 It is important to keep the holes in the pilot burner clean. A soft wire brush is suitable to remove
surface contaminants. Nickel-chromium or stainless steel wire, 0,5 mm diameter, is suitable for opening the
holes.
NOTE 2 With the propane gas flow properly adjusted and the pilot burner in the test position, the pilot flame
will vary in height from approximately 60 mm to approximately 120 mm across the width of the burner
(see Figure 8).
2)
4.6 An exhaust system , de-coupled from the exhaust stack, shall be used to extract the products
of combustion. With the panel turned off, the dummy specimen in place and the access door closed,
the air velocity in the exhaust stack shall be (2,5 ± 0,2) m/s.
4.7 An anemometer with an accuracy of ± 0,1 m/s shall be provided for measuring the air velocity in
the exhaust stack. It shall be fitted in the exhaust stack, in such a way that its measuring point
coincides with the centre line of the exhaust stack at (250 ± 10) mm above the lower edge of the
exhaust stack (see Figure 4).
4.8 In order to control the thermal output of the radiant panel, a radiation pyrometer with a range of
480 °C to 530 °C (black body temperature) and an accuracy of ± 5 °C suitable for viewing a circular
area 250 mm in diameter at a distance of about 1,4 m shall be used (see 7.1.3 and 8.1).
The sensitivity of the pyrometer shall be substantially constant between the wavelengths of 1 μm and
9 μm.
4.9 A 3,2 mm stainless steel sheathed type K thermocouple, in accordance with EN 60584-1 with
an insulated and ungrounded hot junction, shall be mounted in the flooring radiant test chamber. It
shall be located in the longitudinal central vertical plane of the chamber, 25 mm down from the top
and 100 mm back from the inside wall of the exhaust stack (see Figures 4 and 5).
A second thermocouple may be inserted centrally in the exhaust stack, at a distance of (150 ± 2) mm
from the top of the exhaust stack. The thermocouples shall be cleaned after each test.
4.10 The heat flux meter used to determine the heat flux profile to the test specimen shall be of the
2
Schmidt-Boelter type without window and with a diameter of 25 mm. Its range shall be from 0 kW/m
2 2
to 15 kW/m , and shall be calibrated over the operating heat flux level range from 1 kW/m to
2
15 kW/m . A source of cooling water with a temperature of 15 °C to 25 °C shall be provided for this
instrument.
The heat flux meter shall have an accuracy of ± 3 % of the measured value.
3 3 o
2) An exhaust capacity of 39 m /min to 85 m /min ( at 25 C,1 bar) has been proved suitable.
7
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EN ISO 9239-1:2002 (E)
The dummy specimen used for calibration shall be made of (20 ± 1) mm thick uncoated calcium
4.11
3
silicate board of (850 ± 100) kg/m density. It shall be (250 ± 10) mm wide and (1 050 ± 20) mm long
(see Figure 6), with (26 ± 1) mm diameter holes centred on and along the centre line at 110 mm,
210 mm through to 910 mm locations, measured from the zero point of the test specimen.
4.12 Smoke measurements, if required, are made using the apparatus described in annex A.
4.13 The output from the radiation pyrometer, the heat flux meter(s) and the smoke measurement
system shall be recorded by an appropriate method.
4.14 A timing device capable of recording elapsed time to the nearest second and with an accuracy
of 1 s in 1 h shall be used.
5 Test specimen
5.1 The test specimens shall be representative of the flooring in its end use.
5.2 Cut six specimens (1 050 ± 5) mm (230 ± 5) mm, three in one direction (e.g. production
direction) and three in a direction perpendicular to the first direction.
NOTE If the thickness of the specimen is more than 19 mm, the length may be reduced to (1025 ± 5) mm.
5.3 The specimen shall be mounted on a substrate that simulates the actual floor (see EN 13238)
and shall simulate actual installation practice.
The adhesive used for the specimens shall be representative of those used in practice. If in practice
specific adhesives are used, the specimens shall be prepared, either using each of the specific
adhesives or without adhesives.
Underlays used as part of the specimens shall be representative of those used in practice.
If the specimen consists of tiles, it shall be mounted in such a way that a joint is situated 250 mm from
the zero point. If the tiles are not glued, the edges of the test specimen shall be secured on the
substrate by mechanical means.
Flooring, which due to shrinkage withdraws from the specimen holder frame, can show different
results depending on the fixing. Special attention shall therefore be given to the use of good fixing
techniques for
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