SIST EN 16370:2013
(Main)Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using membrane cells
Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using membrane cells
This European Standard is applicable to sodium chloride intended for on site electrochlorination of water intended for human consumption using membrane cells. It describes the characteristic and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for sodium chloride. It gives information on its use in water treatment.
Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels Membranzellen
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels Membranzellen zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch. Sie beschreibt die Eigenschaften und legt die Anforderungen sowie die entsprechenden Prüfverfahren (siehe Anhang B) für Natriumchlorid fest. Sie enthält Angaben zur Anwendung des Produktes in der Wasseraufbereitung.
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Chlorure de sodium pour la génération électrochimique de chlore au moyen d’électrolyseurs à membrane
La présente Norme européenne s’applique au chlorure de sodium utilisé pour la génération électrochimique de chlore dans l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine au moyen d’électrolyseurs à membrane. Elle décrit les caractéristiques du chlorure de sodium et spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai correspondantes (voir Annexe B). Elle donne des informations sur son emploi dans le traitement de l’eau.
Kemikalije, ki se uporabljajo za pripravo pitne vode - Natrijev klorid za elektrokemično kloriranje na kraju samem z uporabo membranskih celic
Ta evropski standard obravnava natrijev klorid, ki se uporablja za elektrokloriranje vode, namenjene za prehrano ljudi, na mestu uporabe z membranskimi celicami. Opisuje značilnost natrijevega klorida ter določa zahteve in ustrezne preskusne metode zanj. Standard podaja informacije o uporabi natrijevega klorida pri pripravi vode.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.OLFProdukte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels MembranzellenProduits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l’eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Chlorure de sodium pour la génération électrochimique de chlore au moyen d’électrolyseurs à membraneChemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using membrane cells71.100.80Chemicals for purification of water13.060.20Pitna vodaDrinking waterICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16370:2013SIST EN 16370:2013en,fr,de01-oktober-2013SIST EN 16370:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16370:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16370
August 2013 ICS 71.100.80 English Version
Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using membrane cells
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau destinée à la consommation humaine - Chlorure de sodium pour la génération électrochimique de chlore au moyen d'électrolyseurs à membrane
Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch - Natriumchlorid zur elektrochemischen Erzeugung von Chlor vor Ort mittels Membranzellen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 July 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16370:2013: ESIST EN 16370:2013
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Contents Page Foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Description . 6 3.1 Identification . 6 3.1.1 Chemical name . 6 3.1.2 Synonym or common name . 7 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass . 7 3.1.4 Empirical formula . 7 3.1.5 Chemical formula . 7 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number . 7 3.1.7 EINECS Reference. 7 3.2 Commercial forms . 7 3.3 Physical properties . 7 3.3.1 Appearance . 7 3.3.2 Density . 7 3.3.3 Solubility (in water) . 7 3.3.4 Vapour pressure . 8 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa . 8 3.3.6 Melting point . 8 3.3.7 Specific heat . 8 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) . 8 3.3.9 Critical temperature . 8 3.3.10 Critical pressure . 9 3.3.11 Physical hardness . 9 3.4 Chemical properties . 9 4 Purity criteria . 9 4.1 General . 9 4.2 Composition of commercial product . 9 4.3 Impurities and by-products . 10 4.4 Chemical parameters . 10 5 Test methods . 11 5.1 Sampling . 11 5.2 Analyses . 11 5.2.1 Main product . 11 5.2.2 Impurities . 12 5.2.3 Chemical parameters . 15 6 Labelling – Transportation – Storage . 15 6.1 Means of delivery . 15 6.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation . 16 6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling . 16 6.4 Marking . 16 6.5 Storage . 16 6.5.1 Long term stability . 16 6.5.2 Storage incompatibilities . 16 Annex A (informative)
General information on sodium chloride for electrochlorination by membrane cells . 17 SIST EN 16370:2013
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A.1 Origin . 17 A.2 Chemical composition . 17 A.3 Use . 17 A.3.1 Function . 17 A.3.2 Form in which the product is used . 17 A.3.3 Consumption of salt for electrochlorination . 18 A.3.4 Means of application . 18 A.3.5 Secondary effects. 18 A.3.6 Removal of excess product . 18 A.4 Rules for safe handling and use . 18 A.5 Emergency procedures . 18 A.5.1 First aid . 18 A.5.2 Spillage . 18 A.5.3 Fire . 18 Annex B (normative)
Analytical methods — Determination of antimony, cadmium, chromium, iron, lead, manganese, nickel and selenium (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) . 19 B.1 General . 19 B.2 Principle . 19 B.3 Reagents . 19 B.4 Apparatus . 20 B.4.1 Spectrometer ICP-OES . 20 B.5 Procedure . 21 B.5.1 Test portion . 21 B.5.2 Test solution . 21 B.5.3 Calibration and verification solutions . 21 B.5.4 Determination . 21 B.6 Expression of results . 23 B.6.1 Evaluation . 23 B.6.2 Calculation . 23 B.6.3 Repeatability and reproducibility . 23 B.6.4 Limit of quantification (LOQ) . 25 Bibliography . 27
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Foreword This document (EN 16370:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16370:2013
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Introduction In respect of potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption, caused by the product covered by this European Standard: a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA; b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force. NOTE Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the product in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the product covered by this European Standard is subject to regulation or control by National Authorities.
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1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to sodium chloride intended for on site electrochlorination of water intended for human consumption using membrane cells. It describes the characteristics and specifies the requirements and the corresponding test methods for sodium chloride (see Annex B). It gives information on its use in water treatment. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 901:2013, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Sodium hypochlorite EN 973:2009, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Sodium chloride for regeneration of ion exchangers EN 14805:2008, Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption — Sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination using non-membrane technology EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods (ISO 3696) ISO 2479, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of matter insoluble in water or in acid and preparation of principal solutions for other determinations ISO 2480, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of sulphate content — Barium sulphate gravimetric method ISO 2482, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of calcium and magnesium contents — EDTA complexometric methods ISO 2483, Sodium chloride for industrial use — Determination of the loss of mass at 110 °C ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use — Safety in sampling ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling — Vocabulary ISO 6227, Chemical products for industrial use — General method for determination of chloride ions — Potentiometric method ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling techniques — Solid chemical products in the form of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps 3 Description 3.1 Identification 3.1.1 Chemical name Sodium chloride. SIST EN 16370:2013
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3.1.2 Synonym or common name Salt. 3.1.3 Relative molecular mass 58,45. 3.1.4 Empirical formula NaCl. 3.1.5 Chemical formula NaCl. 3.1.6 CAS Registry Number1)
7647-14-5. 3.1.7 EINECS Reference2)
231-598-3. 3.2 Commercial forms The product is available as rock salt, sea salt or evaporated salt, and it is supplied as free-flowing crystals or their compacted forms. 3.3 Physical properties 3.3.1 Appearance The product is white and crystalline. 3.3.2 Density The density of the solid crystal is 2,16 g/cm3 at 20 °C. The bulk density depends on the particle size distribution. 3.3.3 Solubility (in water) The solubility of the product depends on the temperature as given in Figure 1.
1) Chemical Abstract Service Registry Number. 2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances. SIST EN 16370:2013
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Key 1 Transition point NaCl → NaCl · 2 H2O
Temperature °C NaCl solution Mass fraction in g/100 g
- 10 25,00
0 26,34
10 26,35
20 26,43
30 26,56
40 26,71
50 26,89
60 27,09
70 27,30
80 27,53
90 27,80
100 28,12 Figure 1 — Solubility curve for sodium chloride in water
3.3.4 Vapour pressure Not applicable. 3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa3) Not applicable. 3.3.6 Melting point 802 °C. 3.3.7 Specific heat Approximately 850 J/(kg · K) at 25 °C for the solid. 3.3.8 Viscosity (dynamic) The viscosity of the saturated solution at 20 °C is approximately 1,9 mPa · s. 3.3.9 Critical temperature Not applicable.
3) 100 kPa = 1 bar. SIST EN 16370:2013
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3.3.10 Critical pressure Not applicable. 3.3.11 Physical hardness The hardness of solid salt is given as 2 to 2,5 on the Mohs' scale of hardness. 3.4 Chemical properties Sodium chloride is stable, non-volatile and aqueous solutions have good electrical conductivity. Sodium chloride reacts with a number of acids (e.g. sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid) and strong oxidising agents. The reactions are often complex and require heat for completion. NOTE Under certain conditions, a sodium chloride solution can cause corrosion of metallic surfaces. 4 Purity criteria 4.1 General This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for sodium chloride for on site electrochlorination of water intended for human consumption using membrane cells. The basic quality of the applied salt shall meet the requirements of Codex Alimentarius for Food Grade Salt, because all components of the electrolysed salt are added to drinking water. As the treatment chemical produced by this process is chlorine or sodium hypochlorite, limits have also been calculated from the requirements of EN 901 and of EN 973 under consideration of the demand of minimisation for those impurities commonly present in the product and the chemical parameters. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and, if so, this shall be notified to the user and when necessary to relevant authorities. Users of this product should check the national regulations in order to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage, contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in this product standard. Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If the production process or raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be notified to the user. 4.2 Composition of commercial product The composition of the commercial product shall conform to Table 1. SIST EN 16370:2013
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Table 1 — Composition/Additives Composition Mass fraction of dry product NaCl ≥ 99,9 % [Fe(CN)6]4- a) absent a) Analytical method of [Fe(CN)6]4-: see EN 973:2009, B.3.”
4.3 Impurities and by-products The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 2. Table 2 — Impurities and by-products Impurity/by-product Limit in mass fraction of NaCl content (mg/kg)
Grade 1 Grade 2 Moisture, dry product ≤ 1 000 ≤ 1 000
Moisture, wet product ≤ 50 000 a ≤ 50 000
Water-insoluble matter ≤ 500
≤ 1000
Bromide ≤ 50
≤ 250
Iron ≤ 2
≤ 2
Manganese ≤ 0,5
≤ 1
Calcium + magnesium ≤ 25
≤ 300
Sulfate ≤ 400
≤ 600
a The flowability of the products is reduced by a high moisture content; further information is available from the supplier of the product.
The grade should be selected based on the requirements of the electrochlorination equipment depending on the susceptibility of the membrane to fouling. The electrochlorination equipment manufacturers will specify which grade can be used to meet the requirements of the Drinking Water Directive or national regulations.
4.4 Chemical parameters The products shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 3. SIST EN 16370:2013
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Table 3 — Chemical parameters Parameter Limits in mg/kg of commercial product Arsenic (As) ≤ 0,3 Cadmium (Cd) ≤ 0,5 Chromium (Cr) ≤ 0,5 Mercury (Hg) ≤ 0,1 Nickel (Ni) ≤ 0,5 Lead (Pb) ≤ 2 Antimony (Sb) ≤ 2 Selenium (Se)
≤ 2 NOTE 1 The limits result from requirements of Codex Alimentarius (C.A.) for Food Grade Salt and EN 901 and EN 973 with respect to the demand of minimisation. NOTE 2 Other chemical parameters and indicator parameters as listed in EU Directive 98/83/EC (see [1]) are not relevant in sodium chloride. 5 Test methods 5.1 Sampling A test sample of about 500 g shall be taken for analysis, ensuring that it is representative of the whole batch, and taking account of ISO 3165 and ISO 6206. Prepare the laboratory sample(s) required in accordance with ISO 8213. 5.2 Analyses 5.2.1 Main product The mass fraction in % of sodium chloride (NaCI) shall be determined by calculation, on the basis of the results of the determinations of sulfate (according to ISO 2480), halogens (according to ISO 6227), calcium and magnesium (according to ISO 2482), and loss of mass on drying (according to ISO 2483). Convert sulfate to calcium sulfate and unused calcium to calcium chloride, unless sulfate in sample exceeds the amount necessary to combine with calcium, in which case convert calcium to calcium sulfate and unused sulfate to first to magnesium sulfate and the remaining sulfate to sodium sulfate. Convert unused magnesium to magnesium chloride. Convert unused halogens to sodium chloride. Report the sodium chloride contents on a dry matter basis, multiplying the mass fraction in % of sodium chloride by 100/(100 - P), where P in the percentage of the loss of mass on drying (see 5.2.2.2). SIST EN 16370:2013
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5.2.2 Impurities 5.2.2.1 Water-insoluble matter The content of water-insoluble matter shall be determined in accordance with ISO 2479. 5.2.2.2 Moisture content The loss of mass at 110 °C shall be determined in accordance with ISO 2483. 5.2.2.3 Bromide 5.2.2.3.1 General The present method describes a titrimetric method with sodium thiosulfate for the determination of total bromine and iodine in sodium chloride. The method is applicable to products of bromine and iodine content (expressed conventionally as bromide, Br-) equal to or greater than 3 mg bromine per kilogram of salt. Bromine or bromide are equivalent for the expression of the results. 5.2.2.3.2 Principle The sample is dissolved in water. Oxidation of iodide to iodate and bromide to bromate is achieved with hypochlorite in a buffered medium and the excess of oxidant is eliminated with formic acid. Free iodine, equivalent to the amount of the present iodate and bromate, is formed by addition of hydrochloric acid and potassium iodide. The free iodine is titrated with sodium thiosulfate using starch as indicator. 5.2.2.3.3 Reactions I- + 3 ClO- → IO−3 + 3 Cl- (1) Br- + 3 ClO- → BrO−3 + 3 Cl- (2) Titration of the iodate and bromate follows the reactions: IO−3 + 6 I- + 6 H+ → 3 I2 + I- + 3 H2O (3) BrO−3 + 6 I- + 6 H+ → 3 I2 + Br- + 3 H2O (4) NOTE Reactions (1) and (2) require for completion the presence of chloride ions that are added into the buffer solution. 5.2.2.3.4 Reagents Unless otherwise stated, use only reagents of recognised analytical grade and only water conforming to grade 3 in accordance with EN ISO 3696. 5.2.2.3.4.1 Calcium carbonate, precipitated. 5.2.2.3.4.2 Hydrochloric acid, c(HCl) ≈ 4 mol/l. 5.2.2.3.4.3 Formic acid, c(HCOOH) ≈ 3 mol/l. 5.2.2.3.4.4 Potassium iodide, (KI) ≈ 100 g/l. Prepare this solution on the day of use and store it in a dark bottle. SIST EN 16370:2013
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5.2.2.3.4.5 Sodium hypochlorite, (NaClO) ≈ 19 g/l. Prepare this solution by dilution of a concentrated technical sodium hypochlorite solution. Renew the solution each week. Commercial household solutions which can contain interfering additives should not be used. 5.2.2.3.4.6 Buffer solution Dissolve 50 g of sodium dihydrogen orthophosphate dihydrate, (NaH2PO4·2 H2O), 50 g of disodium hydrogen orthophosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12 H2O), 50 g of tetrasodium pyrophosphate decahydrate (Na4P2O7·10 H2O) and 150 g of sodium chloride (see note) in 650 ml of water. NOTE As the same quantity of buffer solution is used for the sample and for the blank test solution, it is not necessary to use products completely free of iodine and bromine. 5.2.2.3.4.7 Sodium thiosulfate, standard volumetric solution, c(Na2S2O3) = 0,01 mol/l. Prepare this solution by dilution of a standard volumetric solution c(Na2S2O3) = 0,1 mol/l and standardise with a potassium iodate solution [c(1/6 KIO3) = 0,01 mol/l]. 5.2.2.3.4.8 Methyl red, 0,5 g/l solution in volume fraction 95 % ethanol. 5.2.2.3.4.9 Starch solution, 2 g/l solution. Prepare this solution at the time of use from soluble starch. 5.2.2.3.5 Apparatus Ordinary laboratory apparatus and: 5.2.2.3.5.1 Burette allowing the distribution and measurement of 0,01 ml. 5.2.2.3.6 Procedure 5.2.2.3.6.1 Test portion Weigh, to the nearest 0,1 g, about 40 g of the test sample. For bromine plus iodine content greater than 200 mg per kilogram of salt, the test portion should be reduced accordingly. 5.2.2.3.6.2 Test solution Transfer the test portion (5.2.2.3.6.1) and 150 ml of water into a 500 ml conical flask, stir to dissolve. 5.2.2.3.6.3 Blank test solution Transfer 150 ml of water into a 500 ml conical flask. 5.2.2.3.6.4 Determination Proceed with the conical flasks prepared in (5.2.2.3.6.2) and (5.2.2.3.6.3) in the following way. Add 4 drops of methyl red (5.2.2.3.4.8) and hydrochloric acid (5.2.2.3.4.2) until the solution turns red. Neutralise by addition of calcium carbonate (5.2.2.3.4.1) to a permanent slight cloudiness. SIST EN 16370:2013
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Add 6,0 ml of buffer solution (5.2.2.3.4.6) and 5,0 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution (5.2.2.3.4.5). Heat to (90 ± 2)
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