SIST EN 13501-4:2007
(Main)Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systems
Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systems
This European Standard specifies the procedure for classification of components of smoke control systems, using data from fire resistance tests which are within the field of application of the relevant test methods. Classification on the basis of extended application is not within the scope of this European Standard, however for extended application the same classes are used as specified in this European Standard.
Products covered by this European Standard are:
- smoke control ducts;
- smoke control dampers;
- smoke barriers;
- powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators (fans), including connectors;
- natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators.
Relevant documents which include the relevant test methods which have been prepared for these products are listed in Clause 2.
Klassifizierung von Bauprodukten und Bauarten zu ihrem Brandverhalten - Teil 4: Klassifizierung mit den Ergebnissen aus den Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen von Anlagen zur Rauchfreihaltung
Diese Europäische Norm legt das Verfahren zur Klassifizierung von Bauteilen zur Rauch und Wärmefreihaltung anhand der Ergebnisse von Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen entsprechend dem direkten Anwendungsbereich der zugehörigen Prüfverfahren fest. Die Klassifizierung auf der Basis des erweiterten Anwendungsbereichs von Versuchsergebnissen ist nicht Gegenstand dieser Europäischen Norm. Für die Klassifizierung auf der Basis des erweiterten Anwendungsbereichs werden jedoch die gleichen Klassen benutzt wie sie in dieser Europäischen Norm festgelegt sind.
Folgende Bauprodukte werden von dieser Europäischen Norm abgedeckt:
Entrauchungsleitungen;
Rauchschutzklappen;
Rauchschürzen;
maschinelle Rauch und Wärmeabzugsgeräte (Ventilatoren) einschließlich deren Verbindungsteile;
natürliche Rauch und Wärmeabzugsgeräte.
Die für diese Bauprodukte entwickelten zugehörigen Prüfverfahren sind in den nach Abschnitt 2 aufgeführten Dokumenten enthalten.
Classification de la résistance au feu de produits et éléments de construction - Partie 4: Classification des résultats des tests de la résistance au feu des composants de dispositifs de contrôle de fumée
La présente Norme européenne précise le mode opératoire pour le classement des composants de systemes de contrôle de fumées, a partir des données des essais de résistance au feu qui font partie du domaine d'application des méthodes d'essai applicables. Un classement établi sur la base d'application étendue ne releve pas du domaine d'application de la présente Norme européenne. Pour une application étendue, les memes classes sont toutefois utilisées comme spécifié dans la présente Norme européenne.
Les produits couverts par la présente Norme européenne sont :
les conduits de désenfumage ;
les volets de désenfumage ;
les écrans de cantonnement de fumée ;
les ventilateurs extracteurs de fumées et de chaleur, y compris les joints de connexion ;
les dispositifs d’évacuation naturelle de fumées et de chaleur.
L'Article 2 donne les documents appropriés incluant la liste des méthodes d'essais applicables qui ont été élaborées pour ces produits.
Požarna klasifikacija gradbenih proizvodov in elementov stavb – 4. del: Klasifikacija na podlagi podatkov iz preskusov požarne odpornosti na sestavnih delih sistemov za nadzor dima
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Fire classification of construction products and building elements - Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systemsPožarna klasifikacija gradbenih proizvodov in elementov stavb – 4. del: Klasifikacija na podlagi podatkov iz preskusov požarne odpornosti na sestavnih delih sistemov za nadzor dimaClassification de la résistance au feu de produits et éléments de construction - Partie 4: Classification des résultats des tests de la résistance au feu des composants de dispositifs de contrôle de fuméeKlassifizierung von Bauprodukten und Bauarten zu ihrem Brandverhalten - Teil 4: Klassifizierung mit den Ergebnissen aus den Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen von Anlagen zur RauchfreihaltungTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13501-4:2007SIST EN 13501-4:2007en13.220.50Požarna odpornost gradbenih materialov in elementovFire-resistance of building materials and elementsICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13501-4:200701-september-2007
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13501-4January 2007ICS 13.220.50 English VersionFire classification of construction products and building elements- Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests oncomponents of smoke control systemsClassification de la résistance au feu de produits etéléments de construction - Partie 4: Classification desrésultats des tests de la résistance au feu des composantsde dispositifs de contrôle de fuméeKlassifizierung von Bauprodukten und Bauarten zu ihremBrandverhalten - Teil 4: Klassifizierung mit denErgebnissen aus den Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen vonAnlagen zur RauchfreihaltungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 December 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2007 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13501-4:2007: E
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 Fire scenarios.8 4.1 General.8 4.2 The standard temperature/time curve (post flash-over fire).8 4.3 The slow heating curve (smouldering fire).9 4.4 Constant temperature attack.9 4.5 Specific thermal actions.9 4.5.1 Smoke control ducts.9 4.5.2 Smoke control dampers.9 4.5.3 Smoke barriers.9 4.5.4 Powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators.10 4.5.5 Natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators.10 5 Resistance to fire performance characteristics.10 5.1 General.10 5.2 Performance characteristics.10 5.2.1 E – Integrity.10 5.2.2 I – Insulation.11 5.2.3 S – Smoke leakage.11 5.2.4 D – Stability duration under constant temperature.12 5.2.5 DH – Stability duration under the standard time-temperature curve.12 5.2.6 F – Functionality of powered smoke and heat ventilators.12 5.2.7 B – Functionality of natural smoke and heat ventilators.12 6 Declaration of performance.12 6.1 Classification periods.12 6.2 Designatory letters.12 6.3 Declaration of performance.13 6.4 Declaration of classes in product standards.13 6.5 Number of tests required for classification.13 7 Classification procedure for fire resistance.13 7.1 General.13 7.1.1 Procedure.13 7.1.2 General rules for deducing the number of fire resistance tests.14 7.2 Classification of smoke control ducts.14 7.2.1 General.14 7.2.2 Test methods.15 7.2.3 Tests to be carried out.15 7.2.4 Performance criteria.16 7.2.5 Classes.16 7.3 Classification of smoke control dampers.17 7.3.1 General.17 7.3.2 Test method.17 7.3.3 Tests to be carried out.17 7.3.4 Performance criteria.18 7.3.5 Classes.20
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 3 7.4 Classification of smoke barriers.21 7.4.1 General.21 7.4.2 Test method.21 7.4.3 Tests to be carried out.21 7.4.4 Performance criteria.21 7.4.5 Classes.22 7.5 Classification of powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators.22 7.5.1 Test method.22 7.5.2 Tests to be carried out.22 7.5.3 Performance criteria.22 7.5.4 Classes.22 7.6 Classification of natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators.23 7.6.1 Test method.23 7.6.2 Tests to be carried out.23 7.6.3 Performance criteria.23 7.6.4 Classes.23 Annex A (normative)
Classification report.24 A.1 General.24 A.2 Content and format.24
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 13501-4:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2007. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. CEN, CENELEC and EOTA committees preparing technical specifications which contain performance requirements against fire resistance tests should make reference to the fire resistance classification given in this European Standard and not refer directly to any specific fire test method. EN 13501 consists of the following parts: Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests Part 2: Classification using data from fire resistance tests, excluding ventilation services Part 3: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on products and elements used in building service installations: fire resisting ducts and fire dampers Part 4: Classification using data from fire resistance tests on components of smoke control systems Part 5: Classification using data from external fire exposure to roof tests According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard defines a harmonised procedure for the classification for resistance to fire of construction products. This classification is based on the test procedures sited in the relevant documents listed in Clause 2. This European Standard is prepared in support of the second essential requirement, in the EC Construction Products Directive (89/106/CEC) and is detailed in the Interpretative Document number 2 (ID2): Safety in case of fire (OJC62 Vol 37). The Interpretative Document and the Commission Decision of 3 May 2000 specify performance and classes regarding fire resistance. These classes are identified by designation letters, each of which refers to an important characteristic of fire resistance behaviour. This European Standard provides for a common understanding for these requirements. It interprets the functional requirements for the different groups of building products/elements and explains the method for deriving their classification on the basis of test results for individual products/elements.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the procedure for classification of components of smoke control systems, using data from fire resistance tests which are within the field of application of the relevant test methods. Classification on the basis of extended application is not within the scope of this European Standard, however for extended application the same classes are used as specified in this European Standard. Products covered by this European Standard are: smoke control ducts; smoke control dampers; smoke barriers; powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators (fans), including connectors; natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators. Relevant documents which include the relevant test methods which have been prepared for these products are listed in Clause 2. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 1363-1, Fire resistance tests — Part 1: General requirements EN 1363-2, Fire resistance tests — Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures EN 1366-1, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 1: Ducts EN 1366-2, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 2: Fire dampers EN 1366-8, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 8: Smoke extraction ducts prEN 1366-9, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 9: Single compartment smoke extraction ducts prEN 1366-10, Fire resistance tests for service installations — Part 10: Smoke control dampers
EN 12101-1:2005, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 1: Specification for smoke barriers EN 12101-2, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 2: Specification for natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators EN 12101-3, Smoke and heat control systems — Part 3: Specification for powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators EN ISO 13943:2000, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2000)
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2000 and the following apply. 3.1 direct field of application outcome of a process (involving the application of defined rules) whereby a test result is deemed to be equally valid for variations in one or more of the product properties and/or intended end use applications 3.2 extended field of application outcome of a process (involving the application of defined rules that may incorporate calculation procedures) that predicts, for a variation of a product property and/or its intended end use application(s), a test result on the basis of one or more test results to the same test standard 3.3 test specimen product provided for test purposes 3.4 smoke control duct duct used in a system to control the movement and/or containment of smoke and heat 3.5 multi compartment smoke control duct smoke control duct designed to provide a degree of fire resistance for use in multi compartment applications 3.6 smoke control damper device, open or closed in its operational position to control the flow of smoke and hot gasses, which is automatically or manually activated 3.6.1 single-compartment smoke control damper smoke control damper for use within a single compartment, associated with a single compartment smoke extraction duct tested to prEN 1366-9 3.6.2 multi-compartment fire resisting smoke control damper smoke control damper for use in multi-compartment applications, associated with a smoke extraction duct tested to EN 1366-8 3.7 smoke barrier device to channel, contain and/or prevent the migration of smoke (fire effluent) NOTE Smoke barriers may also be referred to as smoke curtains, smoke blinds or smoke screens.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 8 3.8 smoke and heat exhaust ventilator device specially designed to move smoke and hot gasses out of a construction works under conditions of fire 3.9 powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilator powered device (usually a fan) that is suitable for exhausting hot gasses from a building under fire conditions NOTE Such devices are often able to function under fire conditions for a limited period only. 3.10 natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilator device specifically designed to move smoke and hot gasses out of the construction works by buoyancy forces 4 Fire scenarios 4.1 General The essential requirement ‘safety in case of fire’ of the Construction Products Directive addresses the spread of fire and smoke in a building. To demonstrate satisfaction of this requirement, the fire resistance performance of these components is addressed in this European Standard. Fire resistance can be assessed using one or more of the levels of thermal attack given in 4.2 to 4.5. Later clauses of this European Standard identify which attack(s) shall be used for which products. The various levels of thermal action given in 4.2 to 4.5 reflect different fire scenarios and the standards which prescribe their translation into practical tests give tolerances for their application. NOTE Other heating curves exist, for example the hydrocarbon curve. Also, for extreme fire scenarios (e.g. traffic tunnels, nuclear plants), more severe conventional curves may be specified. These are not, however, used for the classification of products according to this European Standard. 4.2 The standard temperature/time curve (post flash-over fire) The ‘post flash-over’ fire test utilises the ‘standard temperature/time relationship’ which is a model of a fully developed fire in a compartment. It is given by the following relationship: T = 345 log10 (8t + 1) + 20 where t is the time from the start of the test in minutes (min); T is the mean furnace temperature in degrees Celsius (°C). Further details relating to the practical application of this curve, and other test parameters, e.g. tolerances, shall be as given in EN 1363-1. When applied as a basis for testing the relationship shall be applied for the full duration of the test.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 9 4.3 The slow heating curve (smouldering fire) The ‘smouldering’ fire test is only used if the fire resistance performance of the product is expected to be reduced by exposure to temperatures associated with the growth stage of a fire. It is, therefore, particularly relevant to products whose performance may be dependent upon high heating rates below approximately 500 °C (defined in the ‘standard temperature/time’ curve) for achievement of their classifications (i.e. mainly reactive or intumescent products). The slow heating curve is given by the following relationship: for 0 < t ≤ 21
T = 154t0,25 + 20 for t > 21
T = 345 log10
(8(t-20) + 1) + 20 where t is the time from start of test, in minutes (min); T is the mean furnace temperature in degrees Celsius (°C). Further details relating to the practical application of this curve, and other test parameters e.g. tolerances, shall be as given in EN 1363-2. 4.4 Constant temperature attack In addition to the heating regimes given above, the evaluation of smoke barriers and smoke and heat exhaust ventilators is made using a notional constant temperature attack. The specified temperature and the rate at which the temperature is reached, is specified in the relevant test method. 4.5 Specific thermal actions 4.5.1 Smoke control ducts Multi-compartment ducts – standard temperature/time curve. Single compartment ducts – a constant temperature of either 300 °C or 600 °C, following the standard temperature/time curve up to the specified constant temperature. NOTE prEN 1366-9 does not include a test for assessing integrity at 300 °C. 4.5.2 Smoke control dampers Multi-compartment dampers – standard temperature/time curve. Single compartment dampers – a constant temperature of either 300 °C or 600 °C, following the standard temperature/time curve up to the specified constant temperature. NOTE prEN 1366-10 does not include a test for assessing integrity at 300 °C. 4.5.3 Smoke barriers A constant temperature of 600 °C, following the standard temperature/time curve up to the specified constant temperature.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 10 4.5.4 Powered smoke and heat exhaust ventilators A constant temperature of: 200 °C, reached within 5 min to 10 min, or 300 °C, reached within 5 min to 10 min, or 400 °C, reached within 5 min to 10 min, or 600 °C, reached within 5 min to 10 min, or 842 °C following the standard temperature/time curve up to the specified constant temperature. 4.5.5 Natural smoke and heat exhaust ventilators A constant temperature of 300 °C, increasing the furnace temperature following a gradient as specified in EN 12101-2. A constant temperature of 600 °C, increasing the furnace temperature following a gradient as specified in EN 12101-2. A constant temperature of
°C, increasing the furnace temperature following a gradient as specified in EN 12101-2. NOTE
°C is an open class for special applications. 5 Resistance to fire performance characteristics 5.1 General The essential requirement ‘safety in case of fire’ of the Construction Products Directive requires the products covered in this standard to be assessed against specified characteristics. These include integrity, insulation, stability, smoke leakage and reliability. This clause provides the necessary details of each of the above characteristics. Where a characteristic may have more than one different definition or type of performance, later clauses identify which specific definition applies to which products. 5.2 Performance characteristics 5.2.1 E – Integrity Integrity E is the ability of a component of a smoke control system to prevent the transmission of fire as a result of the passage of significant quantities of flames or hot gases from the fire to the unexposed side, thereby causing ignition either of the non-fire exposed surface or of any material adjacent to that surface. The assessment of integrity is made on the basis of one or more of the following aspects simultaneously: cracks or openings in excess of given dimensions; ignition of a cotton pad; sustained flaming on the non-exposed side;
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 11 leakage measurements. The integrity shall be determined by all methods during the test. The cotton pad procedure shall be applied until the pad ignites and once it has ignited, it shall be withdrawn and the test continued until all aspects have been exceeded (the sponsor has the option, however, of stopping the test once the desired level has been reached). The times of each mode of integrity failure shall be recorded. Classification of integrity is according to whether or not the component is also classified for insulation. Where a component is classified both for integrity E and insulation I, the integrity value shall be that determined by whichever of the four criteria fails first. Where a component is classified E but without an I classification, failure of the cotton pad shall not be taken into account. Where leakage rate is a performance characteristic for integrity, the limit value for different products is given in the relevant clause. The application of this criterion, E, is relevant for: multi-compartment smoke extraction ducts; single compartment smoke extraction ducts; multi-compartment smoke control dampers; single compartment smoke control dampers. 5.2.2 I – Insulation Insulation I is the ability of a component of a service installation to withstand fire exposure without the transmission of fire as a result of significant transfer of heat. Heat transfer shall be limited so that non-exposed surfaces or any material in close proximity to that surface is not ignited. The product shall also provide a barrier to heat sufficient to protect people near to it. The application of this criterion, I, is relevant for: multi-compartment smoke extraction ducts; multi-compartment smoke control dampers. The insulation criterion is also applicable for powered smoke and heat ventilators outside the burning room inside the building. 5.2.3 S – Smoke leakage Smoke leakage S is the ability of a product to resist the passage of smoke under defined temperature and pressure conditions. The application of this criterion, S, is relevant for: multi-compartment smoke extraction ducts; single compartment smoke extraction ducts; multi-compartment smoke control dampers; single compartment smoke control dampers.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 12 5.2.4 D – Stability duration under constant temperature The ability of a product to resist the passage of gasses or smoke under a constant temperature attack of 600 °C. It includes: penetration of gap gauges; sustained flaming; collapse. The application of this criterion, D, is relevant for: smoke barriers. 5.2.5 DH – Stability duration under the standard time-temperature curve The ability of a product to resist the passage of gasses or smoke when subjected to the standard temperature/ time curve. It includes: penetration of gap gauges; sustained flaming; collapse. The application of this criterion, DH, is relevant for: smoke barriers. 5.2.6 F – Functionality of powered smoke and heat ventilators The ability of a powered smoke and heat ventilator to function as prescribed under the defined test conditions. The application of this criterion, F, is relevant for: powered smoke and heat ventilators. 5.2.7 B – Functionality of natural smoke and heat ventilators The ability of a natural smoke and heat ventilator to function as prescribed under the defined test conditions. The application of this criterion, B, is relevant for: natural smoke and heat ventilators. 6 Declaration of performance 6.1 Classification periods All classification periods against any of the characteristics are declared in minutes. Not all periods apply to all products, and later clauses show which classification periods apply to which products. 6.2 Designatory letters For the classification of components of smoke and heat control systems use is made of the designatory letters explained in 5.2.
EN 13501-4:2007 (E) 13 6.3 Declaration of performance Combinations of these designatory letters, as appropriate, are used as part of the classification of performance. They are supplemented by the time, in elapsed completed minutes, during which the functional requirements are satisfied. Test results are always rounded down to the nearest lower class. When characteristics are combined, the time declared is that for the characteristic having the shortest time. 6.4 Declaration of classes in product standards Product standards including descriptive product specifications and claiming a given fire resistance classification in accordance with this European Standard are expected to have their classification justified by fire resistance testing. This establishes the performance at an adequate level of confidence, ta
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