SIST EN 14197-2:2004
(Main)Cryogenic vessels - Static non-vacuum insulated vessels - Part 2: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing
Cryogenic vessels - Static non-vacuum insulated vessels - Part 2: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing
This European Standard specifies requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of static non-vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of more than 0,5 bar.
This European standard applies to static non-vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels for fluids as specified in prEN 14197-1 and does not apply to vessels designed for toxic fluids.
For static non-vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of not more than 0,5 bar this European Standard may be used as a guide
Kryo-Behälter - Ortsfeste, nicht vakuum-isolierte Behälter - Teil 2: Bemessung, Herstellung und Prüfung
Anwendungsbereich
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für die Bemessung, Herstellung und Prüfung von ortsfesten, nicht vakuum-isolierten Kryo-Behältern, die für einen höchstzulässigen Betriebsdruck von über 0,5 bar bemessen sind.
Diese Norm gilt für ortsfeste, nicht vakuum-isolierte Kryo-Behälter für Fluide, die in EN 13458-1 festgelegt sind, und sie gilt nicht für giftige Fluide.
Für ortsfeste, nicht vakuum-isolierte Kryo-Behälter mit einem höchstzulässigen Betriebsdruck von weniger als 0,5 bar kann diese Norm als eine Richtlinie angewendet werden.
Récipients cryogéniques - Récipients statiques, non isolés sous vide - Partie 2: Conception, fabrication, inspection et essais
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives a la conception, a la fabrication, a l'inspection et aux essais de récipients cryogéniques statiques non isolés sous vide conçus pour une pression maximale admissible supérieure a 0,5 bar.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux récipients cryogéniques statiques non isolés sous vide destinés a contenir les fluides tels que spécifiés dans l'EN 14197-1 et ne s'applique pas aux récipients conçus pour des fluides toxiques.
La présente Norme européenne peut servir de guide pour les récipients cryogéniques statiques non isolés sous vide prévus pour une pression maximale admissible inférieure ou égale a 0,5 bar.
Kriogene posode – Stabilne, vakuumsko neizolirane posode - 2. del: Konstruiranje, izdelava, kontrola in preskus
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Cryogenic vessels - Static non-vacuum insulated vessels - Part 2: Design, fabrication, inspection and testingKriogene posode – Stabilne, vakuumsko neizolirane posode - 2. del: Konstruiranje, izdelava, kontrola in preskusRécipients cryogéniques - Récipients statiques, non isolés sous vide - Partie 2: Conception, fabrication, inspection et essaisKryo-Behälter - Ortsfeste, nicht vakuum-isolierte Behälter - Teil 2: Bemessung, Herstellung und PrüfungTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14197-2:2003SIST EN 14197-2:2004en23.020.40ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14197-2:200401-junij-2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14197-2November 2003ICS 23.020.40English versionCryogenic vessels - Static non-vacuum insulated vessels - Part2: Design, fabrication, inspection and testingRécipients cryogéniques - Récipients fixes, non isolés sousvide - Partie 2: Conception, fabrication, inspection et essaisKryo-Behälter - Ortsfeste, nicht vakuum-isolierte Behälter -Teil 2: Bemessung, Herstellung und PrüfungThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 September 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2003 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14197-2:2003 E
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)2ContentspageForeword.51Scope.62Normative references.63Terms and definitions and symbols.73.1Terms and definitions.73.2Symbols.84Design.94.1Design options.94.2Common design requirements.94.3Design by calculation.13Figure 1 – Stiffening rings.23Figure 2 – Sectional materials stiffeners.23Figure 3 – Dished ends.24Figure 4 a) - Unpierced dished end.24Figure 4 b) - Dished end with nozzle.24Figure 4 c) - End with knuckle and crown of unequal wall thickness.25Figure 4 d) — Weld outside 0,6 Da.25Figure 4 e) — Weld inside 0,6 Da.25Figure 4 f) — End welded together from round plate and segments.26Figure 5 — Design factors bb for 10 % torispherical dished ends.26Figure 6 — Design factors bb for 2:1 torispherical dished ends.27Figure 7 a) — Geometry of convergent conical shells.27Figure 7 b) — Geometry of a divergent conical shell.28Figure 8 — Geometry of a cone opening.28Figure 9 — Geometrical dimensions in the case of loading by external pressure.28Figure 10.1 – Permissible value vKpS15 for convergent cone with an opening angle jj = 10°.29Figure 10.2 – Permissible value v15KpS or convergent cone with an opening angle jj = 20°.30Figure 10.3 – Permissible value v15KpS for convergent cone with an opening angle j = 30°.31Figure 10.4 – Permissible value v15KpS for convergent cone with an opening angle j = 40°.32Figure 10.5 – Permissible value v15KpS for convergent cone with an opening angle j = 50°.33
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)3Figure 10.6 – Permissible value v15KpS for convergent cone with an opening angle j = 60°.34Figure 10.7 – Permissible value v15KpS for convergent cone with an opening angle j = 70°.35Figure 10.8 – Permissible value v15KpS for convergent cone
(corner joint) with an opening angle jj = 10° to70°.36Figure 11 — Opening factor CA for flat ends and plates without additional marginal moment.37Figure 12 – Design factors for unstayed circular flat ends and plates.39Figure 13 — Design factor CE for rectangular or elliptical flat plates.40Figure 14 — Increased thickness of a cylindrical shell.41Figure 15 — Increased thickness of a conical shell.41Figure 16 — Set-on reinforcement ring.41Figure 17 — Set-in reinforcement ring.41Figure 18 — Pad reinforcement.42Figure 19 — Nozzle reinforcement.42Figure 20 — Necked out opening.42Figure 21 — Pad.43Figure 22 — Calculation scheme for cylindrical shells.43Figure 23 — Calculation scheme for spherical shells.44Figure 24 — Calculation scheme for adjacent nozzles or in a longitudinal direction of a cylinder.44Figure 25 — Openings between longitudinal and circumferential direction.45Figure 26 — Calculation scheme for adjacent nozzles in a sphere or in a circumferential directionof a cylinder.455Fabrication.465.1General.465.2Cutting.465.3Cold forming.465.4Hot forming.475.5Manufacturing tolerances.48Figure 27 a) — Seams which do not require a taper.49Figure 27 b) — Seams which do require a taper.49Figure 27 — Plate alignment.49Figure 28 — Gauge details.515.6Welding.515.7Non-welded permanent joints.526Inspection and testing.536.1Quality
plan.536.2Production control test plates.536.3Non-destructive testing.556.4Rectification.586.5Pressure testing.59Annex A (normative)
Elastic stress analysis.60A.1General.60A.2Terminology.60A.3Limit for longitudinal compressive general membrane stress.62
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)4A.4Stress categories and stress limits for general application.63A.5Specific criteria, stress categories and stress limits for limited application.64Figure A.2 — For vessels not subject to external pressure.68Annex B (normative)
Additional Requirements for 9 % Ni steel.69B.1Introduction.69B.2Specific requirements.69Annex C (Informative) Pressure strengthening of vessels from austenitic stainless steels.71C.1Introduction.71C.2Field of application.71C.3Definitions and units of measurement.71C.4Materials.72C.5Design.73C.6Manufacturing and inspection.76C.7Comments.77Figure C.1 — Stress/strain curve for carbon steel.78Figure C.2 — Stress/strain curve for austenitic stainless steel.78Annex D (informative)
Pressure limiting systems.83Figure D.1 — Examples of relief systems.83Annex E (informative)
Specific weld details.84E.1Field of application.84E.2Specific weld detail.84E.3Oxygen service requirements.85Figure E.1 — Joggle joint.85Figure E.2 — Intermediate end.86Figure E.3 — Backing strip.86Figure E.4 — End plate closure (examples).87Figure E.5 — Partial penetration nozzle welds.87Annex F (normative)
Additional requirements for flammable fluids.88Annex G (informative)
Increased material property for austenitic stainless steel.89Annex H (normative)
Base materials.90Annex I (informative)
Other materials.92Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or otherprovisions of EU Directives.94
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)5ForewordThis document (EN 14197-2:2003) has been prepared by CEN /TC 268, "Cryogenic vessels", the secretariat ofwhich is held by AFNOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by May 2004, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest byMay 2004.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.EN 14197 consists of the following parts under the general title, "Cryogenic vessels – Static non-vacuum insulatedvessels" :¾ Part 1: Fundamental requirements;¾ Part 2: Design, fabrication, inspection and testing;¾ Part 3: Operational requirements.Annexes A, B, F, G and I are normative.
Annexes C, D, E, H and J are informative.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal,Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)61 ScopeThis European Standard specifies requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of static non-vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of more than 0,5 bar.This European standard applies to static non-vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels for fluids as specified inEN 14197-1 and does not apply to vessels designed for toxic fluids.For static non-vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of not more than0,5 bar this European Standard may be used as a guide.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 287-1, Approval testing of welders - Fusion welding – Part 1: Steels.EN 287-2, Approval testing of welders - Fusion welding – Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium alloys.EN 288-3:1992, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials – Part 3: Weldingprocedure tests for the arc welding of steels.EN 288-4:1992, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials – Part 4: Weldingprocedure tests for the arc welding of aluminium and its alloys.EN 288-8, Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials – Part 8: Approval by a pre-production welding test.EN 473:2000, Non destructive testing - Qualification and certification of NDT personnel – General principles.EN 875:1995, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Impact tests – Test specimen location, notchorientation and examination.EN 895, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Transverse tensile test.EN 910, Destructive tests on welds in metallic materials – Bend tests.EN 1252-1:1998, Cryogenic vessels - Materials – Part 1: Toughness requirements for temperatures below - 80 °C.EN 1252-2, Cryogenic vessels - Materials – Part 2: Toughness requirements for temperatures between –80 °C and–20 °C.EN 1418, Welding personnel – Approval testing of welding operators for fusion welding and resistance weld settersfor fully mechanized and automatic welding of metallic materials.EN 1435, Non-destructive examination of welds – Radiographic examination of welded joints.EN 1626:1999, Cryogenic vessels - Valves for cryogenic service.EN 1708-1:1999, Welding - Basic weld joint details in steel - Part 1: Pressurized componentsEN 1797, Cryogenic vessels – Gas/material compatibility.EN 10028-4, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes – Part 4: Nickel alloy steels with specified lowtemperature properties.
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)7EN 10028-7:2000, Flat products made of steels for pressure purposes – Part 7: Stainless steels.EN 13068-3, Non-destructive testing – Radioscopic testing – Part 3: General principles of radioscopic testing ofmetallic materials by X- and gamma rays.EN 13445-3, Unfired pressure vessels – Part 3: Design.EN 13445-4, Unfired pressure vessels – Part 4: Fabrication.EN 13648-1, Cryogenic vessels - Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure - Part 1 : Safety valvesfor cryogenic service.EN 13648-3, Cryogenic vessels – Safety devices for protection against excessive pressure – Part 3: Determinationof required discharge - Capacity and sizing .EN 14197-1, Cryogenic vessels – Static non-vacuum insulated vessels – Part 1: Fundamental requirements.prEN 14197-3, Cryogenic vessels – Static non-vacuum insulated vessels – Part 3: Operational requirements.EN ISO 6520-1:1998, Welding and allied processes - Classification of geometric imperfections in metallic materials– Part 1 : Fusion welding.ISO 1106-1:1984, Recommended practice for radiographic examination of fusion welded joints – Part 1: Fusionwelded butt joints in steel plates up to 50 mm thick.3 Terms and definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 14197-1 and the following apply.3.1.1static vesselstationary unit capable of receiving, storing (under pressure) and dispensing cryogenic fluids. The vessel is notintended to be used for transporting liquid product3.1.2vesselpressure vessel proper intended to contain the cryogenic fluid3.1.3outer jacketgas-tight enclosure which contains the vessel3.1.4automatic weldingwelding in which the parameters are automatically controlled. Some of these parameters can be adjusted to alimited extent, either manually or automatically, during welding to maintain the specified welding conditions3.1.5maximum allowable pressure, psmaximum pressure for which the equipment is designed, as specified by the manufacturer, defined at a locationspecified by the manufacturer, being the location of connection of protective or limiting devices or the top of theequipment.NOTEps is equivalent to PS used in article 1, 2.3 of the PED.
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)83.2 SymbolsNOTEThroughout this European Standard ps is equivalent to PS used in article 1, 2.3 of the PED and pT is equivalent toPT used in annex I of the PED.For the purposes of this standard, the following symbols apply:callowancesmmdidiameter of openingmmdaoutside diameter of tube or nozzlemmfnarrow side of rectangular or elliptical platemmlbbuckling lengthmmnnumber-pdesign pressure as defined by 4.2.3.2 f)barpeallowable external pressure limited by elastic bucklingbarpkstrengthening pressurebarppallowable external pressure limited by plastic deformationbarpTpressure test (see 4.2.3.2))barrradius e.g. inside knuckle radius of dished end and conesmmsminimum wall thicknessmmseactual wall thicknessmmvfactor indicative of the utilization of the permissible design stress in joints or factorallowing for weakenings-x(decay-length zone) distance over which governing stress is assumed to actmmAareamm2A5elongation at fractureCdesign factors-Dshell diametermmDaoutside diameter e.g. of a cylindrical shellmmDiinternal diameter e.g. of a cylindrical shellmmEYoung's modulusN/mm2lmoment of inertia of stiffening ringmm4Kmaterial property (see 4.3.2.3.1)N/mm2K20see 4.3.2.3.2Ktsee 4.3.2.3.3Kdesigna value defined by the manufacturer for a particular design caseRradius of curvature e.g. inside crown radius of dished endmmSsafety factor at design pressure-Sksafety factor against elastic buckling at design pressure-Spsafety factor against plastic deformation at design pressure-STsafety factor against plastic deformation at proof test pressure-Zauxiliary value-uPoisson's ratio-uout of roundnessskdesign stress valueN/mm2
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)94 Design4.1 Design options4.1.1 GeneralThe design shall be carried out in accordance with one of the options given in 4.1.2, 4.1.3 or 4.1.4.In the case of 9 % Ni steel, the additional requirements of annex B shall be satisfied.For carbon and low alloy steels the requirements of EN 1252-2 shall be satisfied.When further use of cold properties is considered the requirements of annex H shall be satisfied.4.1.2 Design by calculationCalculation of all pressure and load bearing components shall be carried out. The pressure part thicknesses of thevessel shall not be less than required by 4.3. Additional calculations may be required to ensure the design issatisfactory for the operating conditions including an allowance for external loads (e.g. seismic).4.1.3 Design by calculation when adopting pressure strengtheningThe pressure retaining capability of vessels manufactured from austenitic stainless steel, strengthened bypressure, is calculated in accordance with the informative annex C.4.1.4 Design by calculation supplemented with experimental methodsWhere it is not possible to design by calculation alone planned and controlled experimental means may be usedproviding that the results confirm the standards of design required by this European Standard. An example wouldbe the application of strain gauges to assess stress levels.4.2 Common design requirements4.2.1 GeneralThe requirements of 4.2.2 to 4.2.7 are applicable to all vessels irrespective of the design option used.4.2.2 Design specification and documentationTo enable the design to be prepared, the following information shall be available:¾ maximum allowable pressure;¾ fluids intended to be used;¾ liquid capacity;¾ volume of the vessel;¾ configuration;¾ method of handling and securing during transit and site erection;¾ site conditions e.g. ambient temperatures, seismic etc;¾ fill and withdrawal rates ;¾ operation temperature range.
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)10A design document in the form of drawings with text if any shall be prepared, it shall contain the information givenabove plus the following where applicable:¾ definition of which components are designed by calculation, by pressure strengthening, by experiment and bysatisfactory in-service experience;¾ drawings with dimensions and thicknesses of load bearing components;¾ specification of all load bearing materials including grade, class, temper, testing etc. as relevant;¾ type of material test certificates;¾ location and details of welds and other joints, welding and other joining procedures, filler, joining materials etc.as relevant;¾ calculations to verify compliance with this standard;¾ design test programme;¾ non destructive testing requirements;¾ pressure test requirements;¾ piping configuration including type, size and location of all valves and relief devices;¾ details of lifting points and lifting procedure;¾ wind, seismic loads.4.2.3 Design loads4.2.3.1 GeneralStatic vessels are not considered to be in cyclic service, therefore fatigue analysis needs normally not to beperformed.The static cryogenic vessel shall be able to safely withstand the mechanical and thermal loads encountered duringnormal operation and pressure test, as specified in 4.2.3.2 to 4.2.3.7.4.2.3.2 VesselThe following loads shall be considered to act in the combinations specified in 4.2.3.2 f):a) pressure during operation when the vessel contains cryogenic liquid product:pcL = ps + pLwherepsmaximum allowable pressure (bar);pLpressure (bar) exerted by the weight of the liquid contents when the vessel is filled to capacity with either:1)boiling liquid at atmospheric pressure; or2)cryogenic fluid at its equilibrium triple point or melting point temperature at atmospheric pressure.
EN 14197-2:2003 (E)11pL may be neglected if less than 5 % of ps. Otherwise the pressure in excess of 5 % of ps shall be used.b) reactions at the support points o
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.