SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022
(Main)Electroacoustics - Hearing aids - Part 16: Definition and verification of hearing aid features (IEC 60118-16:2022)
Electroacoustics - Hearing aids - Part 16: Definition and verification of hearing aid features (IEC 60118-16:2022)
This part of IEC 60118 gives definitions for common hearing aid features such as noise reduction or feedback reduction, etc. Only acoustical inputs are considered. Binaural features are currently not covered in this document. In addition, measurement procedures are described to verify hearing aid features. The objective is not to evaluate the performance of features but to verify their existence and functionality.
Furthermore, definitions and procedures are kept as general as possible so that this document can be applied to various types of hearing aids, e.g. air conduction hearing aids or bone conduction hearing aids. To this end, the general definition for hearing aid of IEC 60118-0:2015 is adopted, and this document does not refer to any specific ear simulator or acoustic coupler but uses a general definition of a coupler. However, if a general view is not applicable or leads to unclear or complex wording, the situation for an air conduction hearing aid is considered, only. Nevertheless, in Clause 4, an explanation is given on how this document can be applied to hearing aids which do not use air conduction.
Elektroakustik - Hörgeräte - Teil16: Begriffe und Verifikation von Hörgeräteeigenschaften (IEC 60118-16:2022)
Électroacoustique - Appareils de correction auditive - Partie 16: Définition et vérification des caractéristiques des appareils de correction auditive (IEC 60118-16:2022)
L'IEC 60118-16:2022 définit les caractéristiques communes des appareils de correction auditive telles que la réduction du bruit ou la réduction des retours, etc. Seules les entrées acoustiques sont prises en considération. Les caractéristiques binaurales ne sont actuellement pas couvertes par le présent document. En outre, des procédures de mesure destinées à vérifier les caractéristiques des appareils de correction auditive sont décrites. L’objectif n’est pas d’évaluer les performances des caractéristiques, mais de vérifier leur existence et leur fonctionnalité.
Par ailleurs, les définitions et les procédures sont maintenues aussi générales que possible de telle sorte que le présent document peut être appliqué à différents types d'appareils de correction auditive, par exemple, appareils de correction auditive à conduction aérienne ou à conduction osseuse. À cette fin, la définition générale du terme "appareil de correction auditive" donnée dans l’IEC 60118-0 est adoptée, et le présent document ne fait référence à aucun simulateur d'oreille ou aucun coupleur acoustique spécifiques, mais utilise une définition générale du terme "coupleur". Toutefois, lorsqu’une vue générale n’est pas applicable ou entraîne une formulation peu claire ou complexe, seule la situation d’un appareil de correction auditive à conduction aérienne est prise en considération. Néanmoins, une explication est donnée sur la manière dont le présent document peut être appliqué à des appareils de correction auditive qui n’utilisent pas la conduction aérienne.
Elektroakustika - Slušni pripomočki - 16. del: Opredelitev in preverjanje lastnosti slušnega aparata (IEC 60118-16:2022)
Ta del standarda IEC 60118 podaja opredelitve za običajne funkcije slušnega aparata, kot je zmanjšanje hrupa ali zmanjševanje odmeva itd. Obravnavani so samo akustični vhodi. Binavralne funkcije trenutno niso zajete v tem dokumentu. Opisani pa so postopki merjenja za preverjanje funkcij slušnega aparata. Cilj ni vrednotenje učinkovitosti funkcij, temveč preverjanje njihovega obstoja in delovanja.
Opredelitve in postopki so toliko splošni, da se dokument lahko uporablja za različne vrste slušnih pripomočkov, npr. slušne aparate, ki delujejo na podlagi prevajanja zvoka po zraku, ali kostno prevodne slušne aparate. V ta namen je uveljavljena splošna opredelitev slušnega aparata iz standarda IEC 60118-0:2015 in ta dokument se ne navezuje na noben določen ušesni simulator ali akustični spojnik, ampak uporablja splošno opredelitev spojnika. Če pa splošni opis ni uporaben ali je zaradi tega besedilo nejasno ali zapleteno, se obravnava samo situacija za slušni aparat, ki deluje na podlagi prevajanja zvoka po zraku. Kljub temu pa je v točki 4 podano pojasnilo, kako je mogoče ta dokument uporabiti za slušne aparate, ki ne delujejo na podlagi prevajanja zvoka po zraku.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022
01-junij-2022
Elektroakustika - Slušni pripomočki - 16. del: Opredelitev in preverjanje lastnosti
slušnega aparata (IEC 60118-16:2022)
Electroacoustics - Hearing aids - Part 16: Definition and verification of hearing aid
features (IEC 60118-16:2022)
Elektroakustik - Hörgeräte - Teil16: Begriffe und Verifikation von Hörgeräteeigenschaften
(IEC 60118-16:2022)
Électroacoustique - Appareils de correction auditive - Partie 16: Définition et vérification
des caractéristiques des appareils de correction auditive (IEC 60118-16:2022)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN IEC 60118-16:2022
ICS:
11.180.15 Pripomočki za gluhe osebe in Aids for deaf and hearing
osebe z okvaro sluha impaired people
17.140.50 Elektroakustika Electroacoustics
SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022
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SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN IEC 60118-16
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM April 2022
ICS 17.140.50
English Version
Electroacoustics - Hearing aids - Part 16: Definition and
verification of hearing aid features
(IEC 60118-16:2022)
Électroacoustique - Appareils de correction auditive - Partie Elektroakustik - Hörgeräte - Teil16: Begriffe und Verifikation
16: Définition et vérification des caractéristiques des von Hörgeräteeigenschaften
appareils de correction auditive (IEC 60118-16:2022)
(IEC 60118-16:2022)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2022-04-20. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
Ref. No. EN IEC 60118-16:2022 E
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SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022
EN IEC 60118-16:2022 (E)
European foreword
The text of document 29/1110/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 60118-16, prepared by IEC/TC 29
"Electroacoustics" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN IEC 60118-16:2022.
The following dates are fixed:
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national (dop) 2023-01-20
level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the (dow) 2025-04-20
document have to be withdrawn
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national committee. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CENELEC website.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60118-16:2022 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60318-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60318-5
IEC 60318-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60318-4
IEC 60318-6 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60318-6
IEC 60601-2-66:2019 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 60601-2-66:2020 (not modified)
IEC 60118-9 NOTE Harmonized as EN IEC 60118-9
2
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EN IEC 60118-16:2022 (E)
Annex ZA
(normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
NOTE 1 Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the
relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available
here: www.cenelec.eu.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1 2
IEC 60118-0 — Electroacoustics - Hearing aids - Part 0: EN IEC 60118-0 —
Measurement of the performance
characteristics of hearing aids
Electroacoustics - Hearing aids - Part 15:
IEC 60118-15 - EN 60118-15 -
Methods for characterising signal
processing in hearing aids with a speech-
like signal
IEC 61260-1 - Electroacoustics - Octave-band and EN 61260-1 -
fractional-octave-band filters - Part 1:
Specifications
ISO 21748 - Guidance for the use of repeatability, - -
reproducibility and trueness estimates in
measurement uncertainty estimation
1
In preparation. Stage at time of publication: IEC FDIS 60118-0:2022.
2
In preparation. Stage at time of publication: prEN IEC 60118-0:2021.
3
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SIST EN IEC 60118-16:2022
IEC 60118-16
®
Edition 1.0 2022-03
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside
Electroacoustics – Hearing aids –
Part 16: Definition and verification of hearing aid features
Électroacoustique – Appareils de correction auditive –
Partie 16: Définition et vérification des caractéristiques des appareils de
correction auditive
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.140.50 ISBN 978-2-8322-1088-7
Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.
Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
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CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Application to non-air-conduction hearing aids . 10
5 Test equipment . 10
5.1 Acoustical requirements . 10
5.2 Examples of test signals for common listening situations . 11
6 Verification of noise reduction. 11
6.1 Noise reduction for speech enhancement . 11
6.2 Gain reduction for noise . 12
7 Strategies of hearing aid programs and their verification. 13
7.1 General . 13
7.2 User-selected hearing aid programs . 13
7.2.1 Description . 13
7.2.2 Verification . 13
7.3 Automatically-selected hearing aid programs depending on listening
situation . 14
7.3.1 Description . 14
7.3.2 Verification by setting a marker . 15
7.3.3 Verification using a linear gain configuration . 15
8 Verification of feedback reduction . 16
8.1 General . 16
8.2 Coupling of the hearing aid . 16
8.3 Measurement procedure . 16
8.4 Post processing . 17
9 Verification of the number of hearing aid channels . 18
9.1 Visualization of the effect of multichannel signal processing . 18
9.2 Evaluation of the number of independent channels . 19
10 Verification of an output limiter . 20
Annex A (informative) Coupling of the hearing aid to the measurement coupler in
order to provoke feedback . 21
3
A.1 Simplified coupling of air-conduction hearing aids to the 2 cm acoustic
coupler . 21
A.2 Head and torso simulator with vented ear canal extension . 22
Annex B (informative) Particular guidance . 24
B.1 Verification of user selected hearing aid programs . 24
B.2 Automatically-selected hearing aid programs depending on listening
situation . 25
B.2.1 Verification by setting a marker . 25
B.2.2 Verification by using a linear gain configuration . 27
Bibliography . 29
Figure 1 – Visualization of user selected HAPs . 13
Figure 2 – Visualization of automatically-selected HAPs depending on listening
situation . 14
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Figure 3 – Example of the plot of the results of the feedback reduction measurement . 18
Figure A.1 – Simplified coupling of air-conduction hearing aids with one microphone to
3
the 2 cm acoustic coupler to provoke feedback . 21
Figure A.2 – Simplified coupling of air-conduction hearing aids with two microphones to
3
the 2 cm acoustic coupler to provoke feedback . 22
Figure A.3 – Head and torso simulator for the measurement of air-conduction hearing
aids according to IEC/TS 60318-7 together with an ear simulator according to
IEC 60318-4 and a vented ear canal extension . 22
Figure A.4 – Example for a vented ear canal extension with medium flow (left) and high
flow (right) . 23
Figure B.1 – Visualization of the verification of user-selected hearing aid programs . 24
Figure B.2 – Visualization of the measurement of the reference data for the verification
of automatically-selected hearing aid programs by setting a marker . 25
Figure B.3 – Visualization of the measurement for the verification of
automatically-selected hearing aid programs by setting a marker where a marker is set
to the hearing aid program 1 . 26
Figure B.4 – Visualization of the measurement for the verification of
automatically-selected hearing aid programs by using a linear gain configuration . 28
Table 1 – Examples of test signals for different listening situations . 11
Table 2 – Symbols used for the evaluation and results of the feedback reduction
measurement . 17
Table 3 – Example results of the procedure for the verification of multichannel signal
processing . 19
Table B.1 – Example results for the verification of user selected hearing aid programs . 24
Table B.2 – Example results for the verification of automatically-selected hearing aid
programs by setting a marker . 27
Table B.3 – Example for the evaluation of the results for the verification of
automatically-selected hearing aid programs by setting a marker . 27
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
ELECTROACOUSTICS – HEARING AIDS –
Part 16: Definition and verification of hearing aid features
FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between
any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60118-16 has been prepared by technical committee 29: Electroacoustics. It is an
International Standard.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
29/1110/FDIS 29/1116/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at http://www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
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IEC 60118-16:2022 © IEC 2022 – 5 –
A list of all parts in the IEC 60118 series, published under the general title Electroacoustics –
Hearing aids, can be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The "colour inside" logo on the cover page of this document indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding
of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.
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ELECTROACOUSTICS – HEARING AIDS –
Part 16: Definition and verification of hearing aid features
1 Scope
This part of IEC 60118 gives definitions for common hearing aid features such as noise
reduction or feedback reduction, etc. Only acoustical inputs are considered. Binaural features
are currently not covered in this document. In addition, measurement procedures are described
to verify hearing aid features. The objective is not to evaluate the performance of features but
to verify their existence and functionality.
Furthermore, definitions and procedures are kept as general as possible so that this document
can be applied to various types of hearing aids, for example, air-conduction hearing aids or
bone conduction hearing aids. To this end, the general definition for the term "hearing aid" given
in IEC 60118-0 is adopted, and this document does not refer to any specific ear simulator or
acoustic coupler but uses a general definition of a coupler. However, if a general view is not
applicable or leads to unclear or complex wording, the situation for an air-conduction hearing
aid only is considered. Nevertheless, an explanation is given on how this document can be
applied to hearing aids which do not use air conduction.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
1
IEC 60118-0:— , Electroacoustics – Hearing aids – Part 0: Measurement of the performance
characteristics of hearing aids
IEC 60118-15, Electroacoustics – Hearing aids – Part 15: Methods for characterising signal
processing in hearing aids with a speech-like signal
IEC 61260-1, Electroacoustics – Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters – Part 1:
Specifications
ISO 21748, Guidance for the use of repeatability, reproducibility and trueness estimates in
measurement uncertainty evaluation
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
___________
1
Fourth edition under preparation. Stage at the time of publication: IEC FDIS 60118-0:2022
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3.1
sound pressure level
SPL
ten times the logarithm to the base 10 of the ratio of the square of the sound pressure, p, to the
square of a reference value, p expressed in decibels, where the reference value, p , is 20 µPa
0 0
[SOURCE: ISO/TR 25417:2007, 2.2, modified – The abbreviated term has been added and the
symbol, formula and notes to entry have been omitted.]
3.2
1/f noise
pink noise
random noise having a continuous spectrum and such that the power spectral density is
proportional to the reciprocal of the frequency in the frequency range considered
3.3
signal-to-noise ratio
SNR
difference in sound pressure level between the target signal, usually speech, and the
interference signal, usually noise
3.4
hearing aid
wearable instrument intended to aid a person with impaired hearing
[SOURCE: IEC 60118-0:—, 3.2]
3.5
reference point
point related to the hearing aid sound inlet port(s) for the purpose of defining the position of the
hearing aid
3.6
hearing aid user
person wearing a hearing aid to alleviate hearing impairment
3.7
measurement coupler
device through which the output of a hearing aid can be measured
Note 1 to entry: For an air-conduction hearing aid, usually the acoustic coupler according to IEC 60318-5 or the
occluded-ear simulator according to IEC 60318-4 is used as a measurement coupler and for a bone conduction
hearing aid, the coupler according to IEC 60318-6 or a skull simulator is used.
3.8
hearing aid program
HAP
set of parameters, defining at least the frequency characteristic and possibly other parameters
of the signal processing of a hearing aid that can be selected by the hearing aid user or that
are automatically selected by the hearing aid to adapt the signal processing to specific listening
situations
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3.9
configurable hearing aid program
configurable HAP
hearing aid program with an adjustable set of parameters, which can be configured and
reconfigured to meet the individual needs of the hearing aid user without influencing the
processing in other programs
Note 1 to entry: Usually fitting software provided by the hearing aid manufacturer, a computer and a programming
interface are used to configure the set of parameters.
Note 2 to entry: The fact that a hearing aid program is configurable has the benefit that the signal processing can
be optimized to the individual needs, for example, for a specific listening situation for this specific user.
3.10
non-configurable hearing aid program
non-configurable HAP
hearing aid program configured by the manufacturer or automatically by the hearing aid
depending on the listening situation, which cannot be reconfigured either by the hearing aid
user or by using the fitting software without influencing the processing in other programs
3.11
listening situation
situation in which a hearing aid user requires a specific signal processing
Note 1 to entry: This definition is intentionally different from the term "acoustic environment" in ISO 12913-1:2014,
2.2 and 3.4.
3.12
noise reduction
feature of the signal processing of a hearing aid intended to reduce noise with respect to the
absolute level or relative to the level of a target signal
3.13
noise reduction for speech enhancement
feature of the signal processing of a hearing aid intended to increase the signal-to-noise ratio
even if speech and noise are presented simultaneously from the same direction and have the
same long-term average spectrum
Note 1 to entry: It is possible that the increase in signal-to-noise ratio will not increase speech intelligibility.
3.14
gain reduction for noise
feature of the signal processing of a hearing aid intended to decrease the gain for noise
compared to the gain for speech even if speech and noise are presented successively from the
same direction and have the same long-term average spectrum
3.15
feedback
return of some of the energy of the output signal from the hearing aid to the input of the same
hearing aid
3.16
critical feedback condition
situation where feedback causes a whistling noise at the output of the hearing aid
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3.17
feedback reduction
feature of the signal processing of a hearing aid to reduce or completely avoid the occurrence
of the critical feedback condition without reducing gain
Note 1 to entry: Changing the feedback path, by, for example, increasing the sealing of the earmold, is not a part
of the signal processing and therefore not understood as feedback reduction.
3.18
hearing aid channel
feature of the signal processing of a hearing aid that enables individual adjustment of the gain
and the parameters of an automatic gain control for a certain frequency range
Note 1 to entry: A hearing aid channel can consist of multiple hearing aid bands.
3.19
hearing aid band
feature of the signal processing of a hearing aid that enables individual adjustment of the gain
for a certain frequency range
3.20
maximum power output
MPO
maximum level at the output of the hearing aid which is adjustable by the output limiter
3.21
output limiter
feature of a hearing aid that allows one to define and redefine a limit for maximum power output
(MPO)
3.22
fitted maximum output sound pressure level
fitted OSPL90
maximum output SPL of a hearing aid when measured after fitting with 90 dB input SPL
[SOURCE: IEC 60601-2-66:2019, 201.3.206, modified – Note to entry has been omitted.]
3.23
functional test setting
FTS
setting of the hearing aid where all accessible features in the fitting software are manually
disabled and a linear gain is applied equally to the reference test setting of the gain control
according to IEC 60118-0
Note 1 to entry: The difference between reference test setting (RTS) as defined in IEC 60118-0 and the functional
test setting (FTS) is due to the fact that not always all features are accessible in the fitting software and can be
disabled.
3.24
rank
number of singular values
...
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