SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
(Main)Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004)
Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004)
ISO 7500-1:2004 specifies the verification of tension/compression testing machines. The verification consists of a general inspection of the testing machine, including its accessories for the force application and a calibration of the force-measuring system.
Metallische Werkstoffe - Prüfung von statischen einachsigen Prüfmaschinen - Teil 1: Zug- und Druckprüfmaschinen - Prüfung und Kalibrierung der Kraftmesseinrichtung (ISO 7500-1:2004)
Dieser Teil von ISO 7500 legt die Prüfung von Zug- und Druckprüfmaschinen fest.
Diese Prüfung besteht aus:
- einer allgemeinen Inspektion der Prüfmaschine einschließlich der Maschinenteile für die Kraftaufbringung,
- einer Kalibrierung der Kraftmesseinrichtung.
ANMERKUNG Dieser Teil von ISO 7500 betrifft nur die statische Prüfung und Kalibrierung der Kraftmesseinrichtung. Die Kalibrierergebnisse können nur mit Einschränkungen für dynamische und Hochgeschwindigkeitsprüfmaschinen verwendet werden. Weitere Informationen bezüglich dynamischer Effekte sind in den Literaturhinweisen angegeben.
Matériaux métalliques - Vérification des machines pour essais statiques uniaxiaux - Partie 1: Machines d'essai de traction/compression - Vérification et étalonnage du systeme de mesure de force (ISO 7500-1:2004)
L'ISO 7500-1:2004 spécifie la vérification des machines d'essai de traction/compression. Cette vérification consiste en une inspection générale de la machine d'essai, y compris ses accessoires pour l'application des forces, et un étalonnage du système de mesure de force.
Kovinski materiali - Preverjanje statičnih enoosnih preskuševalnih strojev - 1. del: Preskuševalni stroji za natezni/tlačni preskus - Preverjanje in umerjanje sistema za merjenje sile (ISO 7500-1:2004)
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Metallische Werkstoffe - Prüfung von statischen einachsigen Prüfmaschinen - Teil 1: Zug- und Druckprüfmaschinen - Prüfung und Kalibrierung der Kraftmesseinrichtung (ISO 7500-1:2004)Matériaux métalliques - Vérification des machines pour essais statiques uniaxiaux - Partie 1: Machines d'essai de traction/compression - Vérification et étalonnage du systeme de mesure de force (ISO 7500-1:2004)Metallic materials - Verification of static uniaxial testing machines - Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines - Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system (ISO 7500-1:2004)77.040.10Mehansko preskušanje kovinMechanical testing of metalsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN ISO 7500-1:2004SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004en01-november-2004SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN ISO 7500-1:2000SIST EN 10002-2:19961DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
Reference numberISO 7500-1:2004(E)© ISO 2004INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO7500-1Third edition2004-08-15Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system Matériaux métalliques — Vérification des machines pour essais statiques uniaxiaux Partie 1: Machines d'essai de traction/compression — Vérification et étalonnage du système de mesure de force SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
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ISO 7500-1:2004(E) © ISO 2004 – All rights reservediiiContents PageForeword.iv1Scope.12Normative references.13Terms and definitions.14Symbols and their meanings.25General inspection of the testing machine.26Calibration of the force-measuring system of the testing machine.36.1General.36.2Determination of the resolution.36.3Prior determination of the relative resolution of the force indicator.46.4Calibration procedure.46.5Assessment of the force indicator.77Class of testing machine range.88Verification report.88.1General.88.2General information.88.3Results of verification.99Intervals between verifications.9Annex A (normative)
General inspection of the testing machine.10Annex B (informative)
Inspection of the loading platens of the compression testing machines.11Annex C (informative)
Alternative method of testing machine classification.12Annex D (informative)
Uncertainty of the calibration results of the force-measuring system.13Bibliography.17SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
ISO 7500-1:2004(E) iv© ISO 2004 – All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 7500-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals, Subcommittee SC 1, Uniaxial testing.This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 7500-1:1999) which has been technically revised. ISO 7500 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines:Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system Part 2: Tension creep testing machines — Verification of the applied load SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7500-1:2004(E)© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved1Metallic materials — Verification of static uniaxial testing machines — Part 1: Tension/compression testing machines — Verification and calibration of the force-measuring system 1 Scope This part of ISO 7500 specifies the verification of tension/compression testing machines. The verification consists of a general inspection of the testing machine, including its accessories for the force application; a calibration of the force-measuring system. NOTE This part of ISO 7500 addresses the static verification of the force-measuring systems. The calibration values are not necessarily valid for high-speed or dynamic testing applications. Further information regarding dynamic effects is given in the Bibliography. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 376, Metallic materials — Calibration of force-proving instruments used for the verification of uniaxial testing machines3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following term and definition apply. 3.1calibrationset of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the corresponding values realized by standards See VIM[1].NOTE 1 The result of a calibration permits either the assignment of values of measurands to the indications or the determination of corrections with respect to indications. NOTE 2 A calibration may also determine other metrological properties such as the effect of influence quantities. SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
ISO 7500-1:2004(E) 2© ISO 2004 – All rights reservedNOTE 3 The result of a calibration may be recorded in a document, sometimes called a calibration certificate or a calibration report. 4 Symbols and their meanings Symbols and their meanings are given in Table 1. Table 1 — Symbols and their meanings Symbol Unit Meaning a% Relative resolution of the force indicator of the testing machine b% Relative repeatability error of the force-measuring system of the testing machine f0% Relative zero error of the force-measuring system of the testing machine FN True force indicated by the force-proving instrument with increasing test force F' N True force indicated by the force-proving instrument with decreasing test force FcN True force indicated by the force-proving instrument with increasing test force, for the complementary series of measurements for the smallest range used FiN Force indicated by the force indicator of the testing machine to be verified, with increasing test force iFcN Force indicated by the force indicator of the testing machine to be verified, with decreasing test force i,FFNArithmetic mean of several measurements of Fi and F for the same discrete force Fi max,Fi minFmax,FminNHighest or lowest value of Fi or F for the same discrete force FicN Force reading on the force indicator of the testing machine to be verified, with increasing test force, for the complementary series of measurements for the smallest range used Fi0N Residual indication of the force indicator of the testing machine to be verified after removal of force FNN Maximum capacity of the measuring range of the force indicator of the testing machine gnm/s2Local acceleration due to gravity q% Relative accuracy error of the force-measuring system of the testing machine rN Resolution of the force indicator of the testing machine v% Relative reversibility error of the force-measuring system of the testing machine Uairkg/m3Density of air Umkg/m3Density of the dead weights 5 General inspection of the testing machine The verification of the testing machine shall only be carried out if the machine is in good working order. For this purpose, a general inspection of the machine shall be carried out before calibration of the force-measuring system of the machine (see Annex A). NOTE Good metrological practice requires a calibration run prior to any maintenance or adjustments to the testing machine. SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
ISO 7500-1:2004(E) © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved36 Calibration of the force-measuring system of the testing machine 6.1 General This calibration shall be carried out for each of the force ranges used and with all force indicators in use. Any accessory devices (e.g. pointer, recorder) that may affect the force-measuring system shall, where used, be verified in accordance with 6.4.6. If the testing machine has several force-measuring systems, each system shall be regarded as a separate testing machine. The same procedure shall be followed for double-piston hydraulic machines. The calibration shall be carried out using force-proving instruments with the following exception. If the force to be verified is below the lower limit of the smallest capacity force-proving device used in the calibration procedure, use known masses. When more than one force-proving instrument is required to calibrate a force range, the maximum force applied to the smaller device shall be the same as the minimum force applied to the next force-proving instrument of higher capacity. When a set of known masses is used to verify forces, the set shall be considered as a single force-proving instrument. The calibration should be carried out with constant indicated forces, Fi. When this method is not feasible, the calibration can be carried out with constant true forces. NOTE 1 Calibration can be carried out using a slowly increasing force. The word “constant” signifies that the same value of Fi (or F) is used for the three series of measurements (see 6.4.5). The instruments used for the calibration shall have a certified traceability to the international system of units. The force-proving instrument shall comply with the requirements specified in ISO 376. The class of the instrument shall be equal to or better than the class for which the testing machine is to be calibrated. In the case of dead weights, the relative error of the force generated by these weights shall be less than or equal to r 0,1 %. NOTE 2 The exact equation giving the force, F, in newtons, created by the dead weight of mass m, in kilograms, is: airn1mFmgUU ªº«»¬¼(1)This force can be calculated using the following approximate formula: F = mgn(2)The relative error of the force can be calculated, using the formula: nnmgFFmg''' (3)6.2 Determination of the resolution 6.2.1 Analogue scale The thickness of the graduation marks on the scale shall be uniform and the width of the pointer shall be approximately equal to the width of a graduation mark. The resolution, r, of the indicator shall be obtained from the ratio between the width of the pointer and the centre-to-centre distance between two adjacent scale graduation marks (scale interval). The recommended ratios are 1:2, 1:5 or 1:10, a spacing of 2,5 mm or greater being required for the determination of one-tenth of a scale division. SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
ISO 7500-1:2004(E) 4© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved6.2.2 Digital scale The resolution is taken to be one increment of the count of the numerical indicator, provided that, when the instrument is unloaded and the motors and controls system are operating, the indication does not fluctuate by more than one increment. 6.2.3 Variation of readings If the readings vary by more than the value previously calculated for the resolution (with the calibration of the force-indicating instrument unloaded and with the motor and/or drive mechanism and control on for determining the sum of all electrical noise), the resolution, r, shall be deemed to be equal to half the range of fluctuation plus one increment. NOTE 1 This only determines the resolution due to system noise and does not account for control errors, i.e., in the case of hydraulic machines. NOTE 2 For auto-ranging machines, the resolution of the indicator changes as the resolution or gain of the system changes. 6.2.4 Unit The resolution, r, shall be expressed in units of force. 6.3 Prior determination of the relative resolution of the force indicator The relative resolution, a, of the force indicator is defined by the relationship: 100raF u(4) where ris the resolution defined in 6.2; Fis the force at the point under consideration. The relative resolution shall be determined at each calibration point and shall not exceed the values given in Table 2 for the class of machine being verified. 6.4 Calibration procedure 6.4.1 Alignment of the force-proving instrument Mount tension force-proving instruments in the machine in such a way as to minimize any effects of bending (see ISO 376). For the alignment of a force-proving instrument in the compression mode, mount a platen with a ball nut on the instrument if the machine does not have an incorporated ball cup. NOTE If the machine has two work areas with a common force application and indicating device, one calibration could be performed, so that e.g., compression in the upper work area equals tension in the lower work area, and vice versa. The certificate should carry an appropriate comment. 6.4.2 Temperature compensation The calibration shall be carried out at an ambient temperature of between 10 °C and 35 °C. The temperature at which the calibration is carried out shall be noted in the verification report. A sufficient period of time shall be provided to allow the force-proving instrument to reach a stable period of temperature. The temperature of the force-proving instrument shall remain stable to within r 2 °C during each calibration run. If necessary, temperature corrections shall be applied to the readings (see ISO 376). SIST EN ISO 7500-1:2004
ISO 7500-1:2004(E) © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved56.4.3 Conditioning of the testing machine The machine, with the force-proving instrument in position, shall be loaded at least three times between zero and the maximum force to be measured. 6.4.4 Procedure The following method should be used: a given force, Fi, indicated by the force indicator of the machine, is applied to the machine and the true force, F, indicated by the force-proving instrument, is noted. If it is not possible to use this method, the true force, F, indicated by the force-proving instrument, is applied to the machine and the force, Fi, indicated by the force indicator of the verified machine, is noted. 6.4.5 Application of discrete forces Three series of measurements shall be taken with increasing force. For machines applying not more than five discrete levels of force, each value of relative error shall not exceed the values given in Table 2 for a specific class. For machines applying more than five discrete levels of force, each series of measurements shall comprise at least five discrete force levels at approximately equal intervals between 20 % and 100 % of the maximum range of the scale. If a calibration is conducted at a force below 20 % of the range, supplementary force
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