SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006
(Main)Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications
Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications
DVB-S (EN 300 421 [2]) was introduced as a standard in 1994 and DVB-DSNG (EN 301 210 [3]) in 1997. The DVB-S standard specifies QPSK modulation and concatenated convolutional and Reed-Solomon channel coding, and is now used by most satellite operators worldwide for television and data broadcasting services. DVB-DSNG specifies, in addition to DVB-S format, the use of 8PSK and 16QAM modulation for satellite news gathering and contribution services.
Since 1997, digital satellite transmission technology has evolved somewhat:
• New channel coding schemes, combined with higher order modulation, promise more powerful alternatives to the DVB-S/DVB-DSNG coding and modulation schemes. The result is a capacity gain in the order of 30 % at a given transponder bandwidth and transmitted EIRP, depending on the modulation type and code rate.
• Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) may be applied to provide different levels of error protection to different service components (e.g. SDTV and HDTV, audio, multimedia).
• In the case of interactive and point-to-point applications, the VCM functionality may be combined with the use of return channels, to achieve Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM). This technique provides more exact channel protection and dynamic link adaptation to propagation conditions, targeting each individual receiving terminal. ACM systems promise satellite capacity gains of up to 100 %-200 %. In addition, service availability may be extended compared to a constant protection system (CCM) such as DVB-S or DVB-DSNG. Such gains are achieved by informing the satellite up-link station of the channel condition (e.g. C/N+I) of each receiving terminal via the satellite or terrestrial return channels.
• DVB-S and DVB-DSNG are strictly focused on a unique data format, the MPEG Transport Stream (ISO/IEC 13818-1 [1] or a reference to it). Extended flexibility to cope with other input data formats (such as multiple Transport Streams, or generic data formats) is now possible without significant complexity increase.
The present document defines a "second generation" modulation and channel coding system (denoted the "System" or "DVB-S.2" for the purposes of the present document) to make use of the improvements listed above. DVB-S.2 is a single, very flexible standard, covering a variety of applications by satellite, as described below. It is characterized by:
• A flexible input stream adapter, suitable for operation with single and multiple input streams of various formats (packetized or continuous);
• a powerful FEC system based on LDPC (Low-Density Parity Check) codes concatenated with BCH codes, allowing Quasi-Error-Free operation at about 0,7dB to 1 dB from the Shannon limit, depending on the transmission mode (AWGN channel, modulation constrained Shannon limit);
• a wide range of code rates (from 1/4 up to 9/10); 4 constellations, ranging in spectrum efficiency from 2 bit/s/Hz to 5 bit/s/Hz, optimized for operation over non-linear transponders;
• a set of three spectrum shapes with roll-off factors 0,35, 0,25 and 0,20;
• Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) functionality, optimizing channel coding and modulation on a frame-by-frame basis.
Digitalna videoradiodifuzija (DVB) – Druga generacija strukture okvirov, kodiranja kanalov in modulacijskih sistemov za radiodifuzijo, interaktivne storitve, novinarstvo in druge širokopasovne satelitske aplikacije
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006
01-marec-2006
Digitalna videoradiodifuzija (DVB) – Druga generacija strukture okvirov, kodiranja
kanalov in modulacijskih sistemov za radiodifuzijo, interaktivne storitve,
novinarstvo in druge širokopasovne satelitske aplikacije
Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Second generation framing structure, channel coding
and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and
other broadband satellite applications
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 302 307 Version 1.1.1
ICS:
33.170 Televizijska in radijska Television and radio
difuzija broadcasting
SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006
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SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006
ETSI EN 302 307 V1.1.1 (2005-03)
European Standard (Telecommunications series)
Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB);
Second generation framing structure, channel coding and
modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services,
News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications
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SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006
2 ETSI EN 302 307 V1.1.1 (2005-03)
Reference
DEN/JTC-DVB-154
Keywords
BSS, modulation
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SIST EN 302 307 V1.1.1:2006
3 ETSI EN 302 307 V1.1.1 (2005-03)
Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.5
Foreword.5
1 Scope.6
2 References.8
3 Symbols and abbreviations.9
3.1 Symbols.9
3.2 Abbreviations.10
4 Transmission system description.11
4.1 System definition.11
4.2 System architecture.12
4.3 System configurations.13
5 Subsystems specification.14
5.1 Mode adaptation.14
5.1.1 Input interface.14
5.1.2 Input stream synchronizer (optional, not relevant for single TS - BS) .15
5.1.3 Null-Packet Deletion (ACM and Transport Stream only) .15
5.1.4 CRC-8 encoder (for packetized streams only).15
5.1.5 Merger/Slicer.16
5.1.6 Base-Band Header insertion .17
5.2 Stream adaptation.18
5.2.1 Padding.19
5.2.2 BB scrambling.19
5.3 FEC encoding.19
5.3.1 Outer encoding (BCH).20
5.3.2 Inner encoding (LDPC) .21
5.3.2.1 Inner coding for normal FECFRAME.22
5.3.2.2 Inner coding for short FECFRAME.23
5.3.3 Bit Interleaver (for 8PSK, 16APSK and 32APSK only).23
5.4 Bit mapping into constellation.25
5.4.1 Bit mapping into QPSK constellation.25
5.4.2 Bit mapping into 8PSK constellation.25
5.4.3 Bit mapping into 16APSK constellation.26
5.4.4 Bit mapping into 32APSK .27
5.5 Physical Layer (PL) framing .27
5.5.1 Dummy PLFRAME insertion.28
5.5.2 PL signalling.28
5.5.2.1 SOF field.29
5.5.2.2 MODCOD field.29
5.5.2.3 TYPE field.29
5.5.2.4 PLS code.29
5.5.3 Pilots insertion.30
5.5.4 Physical layer scrambling .30
5.6 Baseband shaping and quadrature modulation .32
6 Error performance.33
Annex A (normative): Signal spectrum at the modulator output.34
Annex B (normative): Addresses of parity bit accumulators for n = 64 800.36
ldpc
Annex C (normative): Addresses of parity bit accumulators for n = 16 200.45
ldpc
Annex D (normative): Additional Mode Adaptation and ACM tools .48
ETSI
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4 ETSI EN 302 307 V1.1.1 (2005-03)
D.1 "ACM Command" signalling interface .48
D.2 Input stream synchronizer .48
D.3 Null-packet Deletion (normative for input transport streams and ACM).50
D.4 BBHEADER and Merging/slicing Policy for various application areas.51
D.5 Signalling of reception quality via return channel (Normative for ACM).52
Annex E (normative): SI and signal identification for DSNG and contribution applications .54
Annex F (normative): Backwards Compatible modes (optional).55
Annex G (informative): Supplementary information on receiver implementation .58
G.1 Carrier recovery.58
G.2 FEC decoding.58
G.3 ACM: Transport Stream regeneration and clock recovery using ISCR .61
G.4 Non linearity pre-compensation and Intersymbol Interference suppression techniques.61
G.5 Interactive services using DVB-RCS return link: user terminal synchronization.62
Annex H (informative): Examples of possible use of the System.63
H.1 CCM digital TV broadcasting: bit rate capacity and C/N requirements .63
H.2 Distribution of multiple TS multiplexes to DTT Transmitters (Multiple TS, CCM).65
H.3 SDTV and HDTV broadcasting with differentiated protection (VCM, Multiple TS) .66
H.4 DSNG Services using ACM (Single transport Stream, information rate varying in time) .66
H.5 IP Unicast Services (Non-uniform protection on a user-by-user basis) .67
H.6 Example performance of BC modes.69
H.7 Satellite transponder models for simulations .70
H.8 Phase noise masks for simulations .72
Annex I (informative): Bibliography.73
History .74
ETSI
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5 ETSI EN 302 307 V1.1.1 (2005-03)
Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC)
Broadcast of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comité Européen de Normalisation ELECtrotechnique
(CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
The work of the JTC was based on the studies carried out by the European DVB Project under the auspices of
theAd Hoc Group on DVB-S.2 of the DVB Technical Module. This joint group of industry, operators and broadcasters
provided the necessary information on all relevant technical matters (see bibliography).
NOTE: The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the drafting of standards in the
specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripartite body
by including in the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the
standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting
organizations whose work includes the co-ordination of its members' activities in the technical, legal,
programme-making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about
60 countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva.
European Broadcasting Union
CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva)
Switzerland
Tel: +41 22 717 21 11
Fax: +41 22 717 24 81
Founded in September 1993, the DVB Project is a market-led consortium of public and private sector organizations in
the television industry. Its aim is to establish the framework for the introduction of MPEG-2 based digital television
services. Now comprising over 200 organizations from more than 25 countries around the world, DVB fosters
market-led systems, which meet the real needs, and economic circumstances, of the consumer electronics and the
broadcast industry.
National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 18 March 2005
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 30 June 2005
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 December 2005
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 December 2005
ETSI
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1 Scope
DVB-S (EN 300 421 [2]) was introduced as a standard in 1994 and DVB-DSNG (EN 301 210 [3]) in 1997. The DVB-S
standard specifies QPSK modulation and concatenated convolutional and Reed-Solomon channel coding, and is now
used by most satellite operators worldwide for television and data broadcasting services. DVB-DSNG specifies, in
addition to DVB-S format, the use of 8PSK and 16QAM modulation for satellite news gathering and contribution
services.
Since 1997, digital satellite transmission technology has evolved somewhat:
• New channel coding schemes, combined with higher order modulation, promise more powerful alternatives to
the DVB-S/DVB-DSNG coding and modulation schemes. The result is a capacity gain in the order of 30 % at
a given transponder bandwidth and transmitted EIRP, depending on the modulation type and code rate.
• Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) may be applied to provide different levels of error protection to
different service components (e.g. SDTV and HDTV, audio, multimedia).
• In the case of interactive and point-to-point applications, the VCM functionality may be combined with the use
of return channels, to achieve Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM). This technique provides more exact
channel protection and dynamic link adaptation to propagation conditions, targeting each individual receiving
terminal. ACM systems promise satellite capacity gains of up to 100 %-200 %. In addition, service availability
may be extended compared to a constant protection system (CCM) such as DVB-S or DVB-DSNG. Such
gains are achieved by informing the satellite up-link station of the channel condition (e.g. C/N+I) of each
receiving terminal via the satellite or terrestrial return channels.
• DVB-S and DVB-DSNG are strictly focused on a unique data format, the MPEG Transport Stream
(ISO/IEC 13818-1 [1] or a reference to it). Extended flexibility to cope with other input data formats (such as
multiple Transport Streams, or generic data formats) is now possible without significant complexity increase.
The present document defines a "second generation" modulation and channel coding system (denoted the "System" or
"DVB-S.2" for the purposes of the present document) to make use of the improvements listed above. DVB-S.2 is a
single, very flexible standard, covering a variety of applications by satellite, as described below. It is characterized by:
• A flexible input stream adapter, suitable for operation with single and multiple input streams of various
formats (packetized or continuous);
• a powerful FEC system based on LDPC (Low-Density Parity Check) codes concatenated with BCH codes,
allowing Quasi-Error-Free operation at about 0,7dB to 1 dB from the Shannon limit, depending on the
transmission mode (AWGN channel, modulation constrained Shannon limit);
• a wide range of code rates (from 1/4 up to 9/10); 4 constellations, ranging in spectrum efficiency from
2 bit/s/Hz to 5 bit/s/Hz, optimized for operation over non-linear transponders;
• a set of three spectrum shapes with roll-off factors 0,35, 0,25 and 0,20;
• Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) functionality, optimizing channel coding and modulation on a
frame-by-frame basis.
The System has been optimized for the following broadband satellite applications:
Broadcast Services (BS) Digital multi-programme Television (TV)/High Definition Television (HDTV)
Broadcasting services to be used for primary and secondary distribution in the Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) and the
Broadcast Satellite Service (BSS) bands.
ETSI
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DVB-S.2 is intended to provide Direct-To-Home (DTH) services for consumer Integrated Receiver Decoder (IRD), as
well as collective antenna systems (Satellite Master Antenna Television - SMATV) and cable television head-end
stations (possibly with remodulation, see EN 300 429 [6]). DVB-S.2 may be considered a successor to the current
DVB-S standard EN 300 421 [2], and may be introduced for new services and allow for a long-term migration. BS
services are transported in MPEG Transport Stream format. VCM may be applied on multiple transport stream to
achieve a differentiated error protection for different services (TV, HDTV, audio, multimedia). Two modes are
available:
• NBC-BS (Non Backwards Compatible Broadcast Services) is not backwards-compatible with EN 300 421 [2].
• BC-BS (Backwards-Compatible Broadcast Services) is backwards-compatible to EN 300 421 [2]
(see annex F).
In fact, with a large number of DVB-S receivers already installed, backwards compatibility may be required for a period
of time, where old receivers continue to receive the same capacity as before, while the new DVB-S.2 receivers could
receive additional capacity broadcasts. When the complete receiver population has migrated to DVB-S.2, the
transmitted signal can be modified to a non-backward compatible mode, thus exploiting the full potential of DVB-S.2.
To facilitate the reception of DVB-S services by DVB-S.2 receivers, implementation of DVB-S in DVB-S.2 chips is
highly recommended.
Interactive Services (IS) Interactive data services including Internet access
DVB-S.2 is intended to provide interactive services to consumer IRDs and to personal computers, where DVB-S.2's
forward path supersedes the current DVB-S standard EN 300 421 [2] for interactive systems. The return path can be
implemented using various DVB interactive systems, such as DVB-RCS (EN 301 790 [7]), DVB-RCP
(ETS 300 801 [8]), DVB-RCG (EN 301 195 [9]), DVB-RCC (ES 200 800 [10]). Data services are transported in (single
or multiple) Transport Stream format according to EN 301 192 [5] (e.g. using Multiprotocol Encapsulation), or in
(single or multiple) generic stream format. DVB-S.2 can provide Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM), or Adaptive
Coding and Modulation (ACM), where each individual satellite receiving station controls the protection mode of the
traffic addressed to it. Input Stream Adaptation for ACM is specified in annex D.
Digital TV Contribution and Satellite News Gathering (DTVC/DSNG)
Digital television contribution applications by satellite consist of point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmissions,
connecting fixed or transportable uplink and receiving stations. They are not intended for reception by the general
public. According to ITU-R Recommendation SNG.770-1 [11], SNG is defined as "Temporary and occasional
transmission with short notice of television or sound for broadcasting purposes, using highly portable or transportable
uplink earth stations .". Services are transported in single (or multiple) MPEG Transport Stream format. DVB-S.2 can
provide Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM), or Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM). In this latter case, a
single satellite receiving station typically controls the protection mode of the full multiplex. Input Stream Adaptation for
ACM is specified in annex D.
Data content distribution/trunking and other professional applications (PS)
These services are mainly point-to-point or point-to-multipoint, including interactive services to professional head-ends,
which re-distribute services over other media. Services may be transported in (single or multiple) generic stream format.
The system can provide Constant Coding and Modulation (CCM), Variable Coding and Modulation (VCM) or
Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM). In this latter case, a single satellite receiving station typically controls the
protection mode of the full TDM multiplex, or multiple receiving stations control the protection mode of the traffic
addressed to each one. In either case, interactive or non-interactive, the present document is only concerned with the
forward broadband channel.
DVB-S.2 is suitable for use on different satellite transponder bandwidths and frequency bands. The symbol rate is
matched to given transponder characteristics, and, in the case of multiple carriers per transponder (FDM), to the
frequency plan adopted. Examples of possible DVB-S.2 use are given in clause H.1.
Digital transmissions via satellite are affected by power and bandwidth limitations. Therefore DVB-S.2 provides for
many transmission modes (FEC coding and modulations), giving different trade-offs between power and spectrum
efficiency (see annex H.1). For some specific applications (e.g. broadcasting) modes such as QPSK and 8PSK, with
their quasi-constant envelope, are appropriate for operation with saturated satellite power amplifiers (in single carrier
per transponder configuration). When higher power margins are available, spectrum efficiency can be further increased
to reduce bit delivery cost. In these cases also 16APSK and 32APSK can operate in single carrier mode close to the
satellite HPA saturation by pre-distortion techniques. All the modes are appropriate for operation in quasi-linear
satellite channels, in multi-carrier Frequency Division Multiplex (FDM) type applications.
ETSI
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DVB-S.2 is compatible with Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4) coded TV services (see
ISO/IEC 13818-1 [1]), with a Transport Stream packet multiplex. Multiplex flexibility allows the use of the
transmission capacity for a variety of TV service configurations, including sound and data services. All service
components are Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) on a single digital carrier.
The present document:
• gives a general description of the DVB-S.2 system;
• specifies the digitally modulated signal in order to allow compatibility between pieces of equipment developed
by different manufacturers. This is achieved by describing in detail the signal processing principles at the
modulator side, while the processing at the receive side is left open to different implementation solutions.
However, it is necessary in the present document to refer to certain aspects of reception;
• identifies the global performance requirements and features of the System, in order to meet the service quality
targets.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
[1] ISO/IEC 13818 (parts 1 and 2): "Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and
associated audio information".
[2] ETSI EN 300 421 (V.1.1.2): "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel
coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite services".
[3] ETSI EN 301 210: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and
modulation for Digital Satellite News Gathering (DSNG) and other contribution applications by
satellite".
[4] ETSI TR 101 154: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of
MPEG-2 Systems, Video and Audio in satellite, cable and terrestrial broadcasting applications".
[5] ETSI EN 301 192: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting".
[6] ETSI EN 300 429: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and
modulation for cable systems".
[7] ETSI EN 301 790: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for satellite
distribution systems".
[8] ETSI ETS 300 801: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel through Public
Switched Telecommunications Network (PSTN)/ Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDN)".
[9] ETSI EN 301 195: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel through the Global
System for Mobile communications (GSM)".
[10] ETSI ES 200 800: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB interaction channel for Cable TV
distribution systems (CATV)".
[11] ITU-R Recommendation SNG.770-1: "Uniform operational procedures for satellite news gathering
(SNG)".
ETSI
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[12] ETSI ETS 300 802: "Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Network-independent protocols for DVB
interactive services".
3 Symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply:
α Roll-off factor
γ
...
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