SIST EN 14227-1:2013
(Main)Hydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 1: Cement bound granular mixtures
Hydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 1: Cement bound granular mixtures
This European Standard specifies cement bound granular mixtures for roads, airfields and other trafficked areas and specifies the requirements for their constituents, composition and laboratory performance classification.
Hydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Anforderungen - Teil 1: Zementgebundene Gemische
Diese Europäische Norm enthält Festlegungen für zementgebundene Gemische für Straßen, Flugplätze und weitere Verkehrsflächen und legt die Anforderungen an ihre Bestandteile und Zusammensetzung sowie an die Klassifizierung des im Labor bestimmten Gebrauchsverhaltens fest.
Mélanges traités aux liants hydrauliques - Spécifications - Partie 1: Mélanges granulaires traités au ciment
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les mélanges granulaires traités au ciment pour les routes, les aéroports et autres zones de circulation, et précise les exigences relatives à leurs constituants, à leur composition et à leur classification selon les performances mesurées en laboratoire.
Hidravlično vezane zmesi - Specifikacije - 1. del: S cementom stabilizirane mešanice
Ta evropski standard določa s cementom stabilizirane mešanice za ceste, letališča in druge prometne površine in določa zahteve za njihove sestavine, sestavo in klasifikacijo usposobljenosti laboratorija.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.ELOL]LUDQHPHãDQLFHHydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Anforderungen - Teil 1: Zementgebundene GemischeMélanges traités aux liants hydrauliques - Spécifications - Partie 1: Mélanges granulaires traités au cimentHydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 1: Cement bound granular mixtures93.080.20Materiali za gradnjo cestRoad construction materialsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14227-1:2013SIST EN 14227-1:2013en,fr,de01-julij-2013SIST EN 14227-1:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14227-1:20051DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 14227-1
May 2013 ICS 93.080.20 Supersedes EN 14227-1:2004English Version
Hydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 1: Cement bound granular mixtures
Mélanges traités aux liants hydrauliques - Spécifications - Partie 1: Mélanges granulaires traités au ciment
Hydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Anforderungen - Teil 1: Zementgebundene Gemische This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 March 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 14227-1:2013: ESIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms .6 5 Constituents .7 5.1 Aggregates .7 5.2 Cement .7 5.3 Water .7 5.4 Retarders .7 6 Cement bound granular mixture .7 6.1 Types .7 6.1.1 General .7 6.1.2 Cement bound granular mixture 1 .7 6.1.3 Cement bound granular mixture 2 .7 6.1.4 Cement bound granular mixture 3 .8 6.1.5 Cement bound granular mixture 4 .8 6.1.6 Cement bound granular mixture 5 .8 6.2 Water content of mixtures .9 6.3 Proportioning of the constituents, grading and dry density .9 6.4 Other requirements for the fresh mixture .9 6.4.1 Compacity .9 6.4.2 Immediate bearing index of the mixture .9 6.4.3 Workability period. 10 7 Laboratory mechanical performance classification . 10 7.1 General . 10 7.2 Classification by compressive strength . 10 7.3 Classification by Rt, E . 11 7.3.1 General . 11 7.3.2 Method by direct tensile testing . 12 7.3.3 Method by indirect tensile testing. 12 7.3.4 Method by indirect tensile and compression testing. 12 8 Other requirements for the mixture . 13 8.1 Strength after immersion in water . 13 8.2 Other characteristics . 13 9 Production control . 13 10 Designation and description . 13 10.1 Designation . 13 10.2 Description . 13 11 Marking and labelling . 14 12 Figures . 15 Annex A (normative)
Compacity of a cement bound granular mixture 2 . 22 Annex B (informative)
Production control for cement bound granular mixtures . 23 B.1 General . 23 B.2 Quality manual . 23 B.3 Organisation . 23 SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 3 B.3.1 Responsibility and authority . 23 B.3.2 Management representative . 23 B.3.3 Internal audits . 23 B.3.4 Management review . 24 B.3.5 Sub-contract services . 24 B.3.6 Records . 24 B.3.7 Training. 24 B.4 Control procedures . 24 B.4.1 Production management . 24 B.4.2 Composition of the mixture . 25 B.4.3 Constituents . 25 B.4.4 Process control . 25 B.4.5 Inspection, calibration and control of process equipment . 25 B.4.6 Handling and delivery . 25 B.5 Inspection and testing of constituents and mixtures during production . 26 B.5.1 General . 26 B.5.2 Characteristics that require control during production . 26 B.5.3 Frequency of sampling the mixture . 26 B.6 Inspection and testing equipment . 27 B.6.1 General . 27 B.6.2 Measuring and testing equipment . 27 B.6.3 Measuring and testing equipment in the process . 27 B.6.4 Measuring and testing equipment in laboratory . 27 B.7 Non-conformity . 27 B.7.1 General . 27 B.7.2 Non-conformity of constituents . 28 B.7.3 Non-conformity of the mixture . 28
SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14227-1:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 14227-1:2004. Compared with EN 14227-1:2004, the following changes have been made: Changing of the title; Revision of Clause 6 "Hydraulic road binder bound granular mixture"; Revision of Clause 7 "Laboratory mechanical performance classification"; Inclusion of Clause 8 "Other requirements for the mixture". This standard is one of a series of parts for EN 14227, Hydraulically bound mixtures— Specifications: Part 1: Cement bound granular mixtures Part 2: Slag bound granular mixtures Part 3: Fly ash bound granular mixtures Part 4: Fly ash for hydraulically bound mixtures Part 5: Hydraulic road binder bound granular mixtures Part 10: Soil treated by cement Part 11: Soil treated by lime Part 12: Soil treated by slag Part 13: Soil treated by hydraulic road binder Part 14: Soil treated by fly ash According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies cement bound granular mixtures for roads, airfields and other trafficked areas and specifies the requirements for their constituents, composition and laboratory performance classification. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 197-1, Cement — Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements EN 933-1, Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates — Part 1: Determination of particle size distribution — Sieving method EN 1097-6:2000, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 6: Determination of particle density and water absorption EN 1097-7, Tests for mechanical and physical properties of aggregates — Part 7: Determination of the particle density of filler — Pyknometer method EN 13242, Aggregates for unbound and hydraulically bound materials for use in civil engineering work and road construction EN 13286-1, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 1: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Introduction, general requirements and sampling EN 13286-2, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 2: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Proctor compaction EN 13286-3, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 3: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Vibrocompression with controlled parameters EN 13286-4, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 4: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Vibrating hammer EN 13286-5, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 5: Test methods for laboratory reference density and water content — Vibrating table EN 13286-40, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 40: Test method for the determination of the direct tensile strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-41, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 41: Test method for the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-42, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 42: Test method for the determination of the indirect tensile strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-43, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 43: Test method for the determination of the modulus of elasticity of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-45, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 45: Test method for the determination of the workability period of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-47, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 47: Test method for the determination of California bearing ratio, immediate bearing index and linear swelling SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 6 EN 13286-50, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 50: Method for the manufacture of test specimens of hydraulically bound mixtures using Proctor equipment or vibrating table compaction EN 13286-51, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 51: Method for the manufacture of test specimens of hydraulically bound mixtures using vibrating hammer compaction EN 13286-52, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 52: Method for the manufacture of test specimens of hydraulically bound mixtures using vibrocompression EN 13286-53, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 53: Methods for the manufacture of test specimens of hydraulically bound mixtures using axial compression 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 hydraulically bound mixture mixture which sets and hardens by hydraulic reaction 3.2 cement bound granular mixture granular hydraulically bound mixture where cement is the binder 3.3 slenderness ratio height to diameter ratio of the specimen 3.4 compacity ratio of the absolute volume of the solid to the apparent volume of the mixture (see Annex A) 4 Symbols and abbreviated terms For the purpose of this document, the following symbols and abbreviated terms apply. Rc is the compressive strength, expressed in megapascals (MPa) Ri is the compressive strength after immersion, expressed in megapascals (MPa) Rt is the direct tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (MPa) Rit is the indirect tensile strength, expressed in megapascals (MPa) E is the modulus of elasticity, expressed in megapascals (MPa) Ec is the E determined by compression, expressed in megapascals (MPa) Et is the E determined in direct tension, expressed in megapascals (MPa) Eit is the E determined in indirect tension, expressed in megapascals (MPa) SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 7 5 Constituents 5.1 Aggregates Aggregates shall be selected from EN 13242. The properties and the appropriate categories of the aggregates shall be specified depending on the position of the cement bound granular mixture in the pavement structure and the traffic to be carried. Aggregates shall be volumetrically stable. When this is not the case, the use of the mixture shall be permitted provided there is a satisfactory performance record or a thorough laboratory evaluation of the mixture has been carried out in accordance with provisions valid at the place of use. 5.2 Cement Cement shall comply with EN 197-1 or a European Technical Approval.
5.3 Water Water shall not contain components which adversely affect the hardening and the performance of the cement bound granular mixtures. 5.4 Retarders Retarders shall comply with provisions valid in the place of use. 6 Cement bound granular mixture 6.1 Types 6.1.1 General Cement bound granular mixtures shall be made from the constituents specified in Clause 5. The mixture shall be selected from the five types described in 6.1.2, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.1.5 and 6.1.6, and shall conform to the specified requirements for the selected mixture. 6.1.2 Cement bound granular mixture 1 Cement bound granular mixture 1 shall be either a 0/31,5 mm, a 0/20 mm or a 0/14 mm mixture with a grading, determined in accordance with EN 933-1, complying with the corresponding requirements of Figures 1, 2 and 3 using either G1 or G2 limits.
6.1.3 Cement bound granular mixture 2 6.1.3.1 Description Cement bound granular mixture 2 shall be a granular mixture with compacity requirement. There are three options depending on the aggregate size. 6.1.3.2 Grading of the mixture The grading of the selected option, determined in accordance with EN 933-1, shall comply with Table 1. Either category G1 or category G2 of the grading envelopes and Figures 4 to 6 shall be specified. SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 8 6.1.3.3 Compacity The minimum compacity of the mixture at the maximum modified Proctor dry density shall be 0,80 in accordance with Annex A. 6.1.3.4 Immediate bearing index The immediate bearing index category of the 0/10 mixture, determined in accordance with EN 13286-47 using modified Proctor compaction, shall be IPI50 in accordance with Table 4. Table 1 — Grading of cement bound granular mixture 2 Column 1 2 3 Line Cement bound granular mixture Grading category Grading envelopes 1 2-0/20 G1 or G2 Figure 4 2 2-0/14 G1 or G2 Figure 5 3 2-0/10 G1 or G2 Figure 6
6.1.4 Cement bound granular mixture 3 6.1.4.1 Description Cement bound granular mixture 3 shall be a granular mixture with a maximum nominal size of D equal to or less than 6,3 mm with an immediate bearing index requirement. 6.1.4.2 Grading of the mixture The grading of the mixture, determined in accordance with EN 933-1, shall comply with Table 2. Table 2 — Grading of cement bound granular mixture 3 Column 1 2 3 4 Line Sieve mm 2D D 0,063 1 Percentage of the mixture passing by mass 100 ≥85 ≤35
6.1.4.3 Immediate bearing index The immediate bearing index category shall be selected from Table 4. 6.1.5 Cement bound granular mixture 4 Cement bound granular mixture 4 shall be a mixture where the grading, including declared upper and lower limits, determined in accordance with EN 933-1, is declared by the supplier. When required, an immediate bearing index category selected from Table 4 shall be declared. 6.1.6 Cement bound granular mixture 5 Cement bound granular mixture 5 shall be a mixture where the grading, determined in accordance with EN 933-1, complies with the limits in Table 3. SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 9 When required, an immediate bearing index category selected from Table 4 shall be declared. Table 3 — Grading of cement bound granular mixture 5 Sieve mm Percentage passing by mass Minimum Maximum 45 100 100 31,5 85 100 25 75 100 20 60 100 10 35 100 4 25 100 2 20 100 0,5 13 75 0,25 10 60 0,063 5 25
6.2 Water content of mixtures The water content shall be selected to permit compaction on site by rolling and to optimise the mechanical performance of the mixture. The water content shall be determined by the Proctor test or other method in accordance with EN 13286-1, EN 13286-2, EN 13286-3, EN 13286-4 and EN 13286-5, and limits set to give a workable range of water content on site compatible with the compaction and the desired mechanical performance of the mixture. 6.3 Proportioning of the constituents, grading and dry density The proportioning of the constituents, expressed as a percentage by dry mass of the total dry mass of the mixture, the grading, and the dry density of the mixture shall be declared. The declared proportions shall be based on the laboratory mixture design and/or practical experiences with mixtures produced with the same constituents and under the same conditions in a way that the mixture complies with the requirements of this European Standard. Irrespective of the binder content necessary to fulfil the strength requirements of this European Standard, the binder content should normally not be less than a minimum value fixed by provisions valid at the place of use to ensure adequate distribution of the binder throughout the mixture. 6.4 Other requirements for the fresh mixture 6.4.1 Compacity The minimum compacity of cement bound granular mixture 2 at the maximum modified Proctor dry density shall be 0,80 calculated in accordance with Annex A (normative). 6.4.2 Immediate bearing index of the mixture In order to facilitate site compaction and depending on trafficking, the immediate bearing index of the mixture, determined in accordance with EN 13286-47 using modified Proctor compaction shall not be less than 50 for cement bound granular mixture 2 – 0/10, SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 10 shall be selected from Table 4 for cement bound granular mixture 3 and, when required, 4 and 5 Table 4 — Immediate bearing index categories for cement bound granular mixture 3, 4 and 5 Column 1 2 Line Immediate bearing index requirement Immediate bearing index, IPI Category 1 Declared value IPIDV
2 ≥ 50 IPI50 3 ≥ 40 IPI40 4 ≥ 25 IPI25 5 No requirement IPINR
Mixtures with an immediate bearing index less than 40 may not support immediate trafficking and should be used with care. Blends of aggregates can be used to achieve the required immediate bearing index. 6.4.3 Workability period When required for the intended use and the weather conditions, the workability period, determined in accordance with EN 13286-45, shall be declared. 7 Laboratory mechanical performance classification 7.1 General Laboratory mechanical performance shall be characterised and classified by one of the following methods: compressive strength Rc; the combination Rt, E of tensile strength Rt and modulus of elasticity E. No correlation is intended nor should be assumed between the two methods. 7.2 Classification by compressive strength Mixtures shall be classified by compressive strength, determined in accordance with EN 13286-41, carried out on specimens manufactured in accordance with EN 13286-50, EN 13286-51, EN 13286-52 and EN 13286-53. The class of compressive strength shall be selected from Table 5 in combination with the selected method of specimen manufacture. NOTE The permitted methods of specimen manufacture realise different specimen shapes and density, and thus for the same mixture, different strengths. Hence it is important, on the basis of experience and utilisation, not to separate strength from the method of specimen manufacture. The age of classification and curing conditions shall be specified in accordance with practice at the place of use. For characterisation or mixture design testing in the laboratory, compressive strength shall be the average result from at least three specimens. If one value varies by more than 20 % of the average, it shall be discarded and Rc taken as the average of the other values. SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 11 Table 5 — Compressive strength classification Column 1 2 3 Line Minimum Rc for cylinders of slenderness ratio 2a MPa Minimum Rc for cylinders of slenderness ratio 1a
and cubes MPa
Rc Class 1 0,4 0,5 C0,4/0,5 2 0,8 1 C0,8/1 3 1,5 2 C1,5/2 4 2,3 3 C2,3/3 5 3 4 C3/4 6 4 5 C4/5 7 5 6 C5/6 8 6 8 C6/8 9 8 10 C8/10 10 9 12 C9/12 11 12 16 C12/16 12 15 20 C15/20 13 18 24 C18/24 14 21 28 C21/28 15 24 32 C24/32 16 27 36 C27/36 17 30 40 C30/40 18 33 44 C33/44 19 36 48 C36/48 20 Declared value Declared value CDV a If cylinders with slenderness ratios other than 1 or 2 are used, then the correlation with cylinders of either slenderness ratio 1 or 2 shall be established before use.
7.3 Classification by Rt, E 7.3.1 General Mixtures shall be classified by the combination of tensile strength Rt and modulus of elasticity E, designated Rt, E. The class of Rt, E shall be selected from Figure 7. The age of classification and curing conditions shall be specified in accordance with practice at the place of use. SIST EN 14227-1:2013
EN 14227-1:2013 (E) 12 For characterisation or mixture design testing in the laboratory, Rt and E shall be the average result from at least three specimens. If one value varies by more than 20 % of the average, it shall be discarded and Rt and E taken as the average of the other values. Rt and E shall be established using one of the equivalent methods outlined in 7.3.2 to 7.3.4. 7.3.2 Method by direct tensile testing Rt shall be determined in accordance with EN 13286-40. E shall be determined in direct tension Et in accordance with EN 13286-43. For both, specim
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