SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
(Main)Geographic information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data (ISO 19115-2:2009)
Geographic information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data (ISO 19115-2:2009)
This part of ISO 19115 extends the existing geographic metadata standard by defining the schema required for describing imagery and gridded data. It provides information about the properties of the measuring equipment used to acquire the data, the geometry of the measuring process employed by the equipment, and the production process used to digitize the raw data. This extension deals with metadata needed to describe the derivation of geographic information from raw data, including the properties of the measuring system, and the numerical methods and computational procedures used in the derivation. The metadata required to address coverage data in general is addressed sufficiently in the general part of ISO 19115.
Geoinformation - Metadaten - Teil 2: Erweiterungen für Bild- und Rasterdaten (ISO 19115-2:2009)
Dieser Teil von ISO 19115 erweitert die bestehende Norm zu geographischen Metadaten durch Definieren
des zur Beschreibung von Bild- und Rasterdaten erforderlichen Schemas. Es werden Informationen
bereitgestellt zu den Eigenschaften der zur Datenerfassung verwendeten Messausrüstung, zu der Geometrie
des von der Ausrüstung angewendeten Messprozesses sowie zu dem zur Digitalisierung der Rohdaten
angewendeten Erzeugungsprozess. In der vorliegenden Erweiterung werden Metadaten behandelt, die zur
Beschreibung der Ableitung von Geoinformationsdaten aus Rohdaten erforderlich sind, einschließlich der
Eigenschaften des Messsystems und der numerischen Methoden und Rechenvorgänge im Zusammenhang
mit einer derartigen Ableitung. Die für Coverage-Daten im Allgemeinen erforderlichen Metadaten sind
ausführlich im allgemeinen Teil von ISO 19115 behandelt.
Information géographique - Métadonnées - Partie 2: Extensions pour les images et les matrices (ISO 19115-2:2009)
L'ISO 19115-2:2009 étend la norme existante sur les métadonnées géographiques en définissant le schéma requis de description des images et des matrices. Elle donne des informations relatives aux propriétés des équipements de mesure utilisés pour obtenir les données, la géométrie du processus de mesure utilisée par ces équipements, et le processus de production utilisé pour numériser les données brutes. Cette extension porte sur les métadonnées nécessaires pour décrire la déduction des informations géographiques à partir de données brutes, y compris les propriétés du système de mesure, et les méthodes numériques et procédures informatiques utilisées pour la déduction. Les métadonnées requises pour aborder les données de couverture en général sont suffisamment abordées dans la partie générale de l'ISO 19115.
Geografske informacije - Metapodatki - 2. del: Razširitev za podobe in mrežne podatke (ISO 19115-2:2009)
Ta del ISO 19115 razširja obstoječ geografski standard o metapodatkih z definiranjem sheme, potrebne za opisovanje podob in mrežnih podatkov. Zagotavlja informacije o lastnostih opreme za merjenje, ki se uporablja za pridobivanje podatkov, geometrijo postopka merjenja, ki ga uporablja oprema in produkcijski proces, ki se uporablja za digitalizacijo neobdelanih podatkov. Ta razširitev obravnava metapodatke, potrebne za opisovanje izpeljav geografskih informacij iz neobdelanih podatkov, vključno z lastnostmi merilnega sistema ter numerične metode in izračunske postopke, ki se uporabljajo pri izpeljavah. Metapodatki, potrebni za obravnavo vključenih podatkov na splošno, so v zadostni meri obravnavani v splošnem delu ISO 19115.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
01-junij-2010
Geografske informacije - Metapodatki - 2. del: Razširitev za podobe in mrežne
podatke (ISO 19115-2:2009)
Geographic information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data
(ISO 19115-2:2009)
Geoinformation - Metadaten - Teil 2: Erweiterungen für Bild- und Rasterdaten (ISO
19115-2:2009)
Information géographique - Métadonnées - Partie 2: Extensions pour les images et les
matrices (ISO 19115-2:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 19115-2:2010
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 19115-2
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
January 2010
ICS 35.240.70
English Version
Geographic information - Metadata - Part 2: Extensions for
imagery and gridded data (ISO 19115-2:2009)
Information géographique - Métadonnées - Partie 2: Geoinformation - Metadaten - Teil 2: Erweiterungen für
Extensions pour les images et les matrices (ISO 19115- Bild- und Rasterdaten (ISO 19115-2:2009)
2:2009)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 December 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 19115-2:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
EN ISO 19115-2:2010 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
EN ISO 19115-2:2010 (E)
Foreword
The text of ISO 19115-2:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211 “Geographic
information/Geomatics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over
as EN ISO 19115-2:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 287 “Geographic Information” the secretariat of
which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by July 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 19115-2:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 19115-2:2010 without any
modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 19115-2
First edition
2009-02-15
Geographic information — Metadata —
Part 2:
Extensions for imagery and gridded data
Information géographique — Métadonnées —
Partie 2: Extensions pour les images et les matrices
Reference number
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
©
ISO 2009
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
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ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope .1
2 Conformance.1
2.1 Conformance requirements.1
2.2 Metadata profiles .1
3 Normative references .1
4 Terms and definitions .2
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms .5
5.1 Abbreviations.5
5.2 UML notations.5
5.3 UML model relationships .6
5.4 UML model stereotypes .7
6 Imagery and gridded data metadata .8
6.1 Metadata for geospatial imagery and gridded data requirement.8
6.2 Imagery and gridded data metadata packages.8
6.3 Unified Modeling Language (UML) diagrams .12
6.4 Data dictionary.12
Annex A (normative) Imagery and gridded data metadata schemas.13
Annex B (normative) Imagery and gridded data metadata data dictionary .22
Annex C (normative) Conformance.40
Bibliography .43
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 19115-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 211, Geographic information/Geomatics.
ISO 19115 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geographic information — Metadata:
⎯ Geographic information — Metadata
⎯ Part 2: Extensions for imagery and gridded data
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Introduction
Imagery and gridded data are important information sources and products used within a geospatial
environment by geographic information systems. The production of imagery and gridded data follows one or
more process chains that begin with remote sensing data, scanned maps, field data collection or other
sensing methods and end with the creation of the end data products. The production process needs to be
documented in order to maintain quality control over the end products. In addition, metadata about the
geometry of the measuring process and the properties of the measuring equipment need to be retained with
the raw data in order to support the production process.
Within the suite of ISO geographic information standards, ISO 19115 defines the guidelines for describing
geographic information and services. While the ISO 19115 metadata model does provide some provisions for
imagery and gridded data, the requirements were not fully developed at the time ISO 19115:2003 was drafted.
To permit the development of ISO 19115 to proceed, inclusion of metadata definitions for imagery and gridded
data was deferred until the framework for these data was more fully specified within the suite of ISO
geographic information standards. Additionally, other standards that implement metadata for imagery and
gridded data have been surveyed and are described in ISO/TR 19121.
The object of this part of ISO 19115 is to provide the additional structure to more extensively describe the
derivation of geographic imagery and gridded data. This structure is intended to augment ISO 19115.
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SIST EN ISO 19115-2:2010
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
Geographic information — Metadata —
Part 2:
Extensions for imagery and gridded data
1 Scope
This part of ISO 19115 extends the existing geographic metadata standard by defining the schema required
for describing imagery and gridded data. It provides information about the properties of the measuring
equipment used to acquire the data, the geometry of the measuring process employed by the equipment, and
the production process used to digitize the raw data. This extension deals with metadata needed to describe
the derivation of geographic information from raw data, including the properties of the measuring system, and
the numerical methods and computational procedures used in the derivation. The metadata required to
address coverage data in general is addressed sufficiently in the general part of ISO 19115.
2 Conformance
2.1 Conformance requirements
Metadata shall be provided as specified in Clause 6 and Annexes A and B of this part of ISO 19115 and
ISO 19115:2003, Clause 6 and Annexes A and B.
User-defined metadata extensions to this part of ISO 19115 shall be defined and provided as specified in
ISO 19115:2003, Annex C.
Any metadata claiming conformance with this part of ISO 19115 shall pass the requirements described in
Annex C of this part of ISO 19115 and the abstract test suite presented in ISO 19115:2003, Annex D.
2.2 Metadata profiles
Any profile conforming to this part of ISO 19115 shall conform to the rules for creating a profile given in
ISO 19115:2003, C.6.
3 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TS 19103:2005, Geographic information — Conceptual schema language
ISO 19107:2003, Geographic information — Spatial schema
ISO 19115:2003, Geographic information — Metadata
ISO/TS 19139:2007, Geographic information — Metadata — XML schema implementation
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ISO 19115-2:2009(E)
4 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 19115:2003 and the following apply.
4.1
attribute
named property of an entity
[ISO/IEC 2382-17:1999]
NOTE Describes a geometrical, topological, thematic, or other characteristic of an entity.
4.2
band
range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation that produce a single response by a sensing device
[ISO/TS 19101-2:2008]
4.3
class
description of a set of objects that share the same attributes, operations, methods, relationships, and
semantics
[ISO/TS 19103:2005]
4.4
coverage
feature that acts as a function to return values from its range for any direct position within its spatial, temporal
or spatiotemporal domain
[ISO 19123:2005]
EXAMPLE Examples include a raster image, polygon overlay, or digital elevation matrix
4.5
data
reinterpretable representation of information in a formalised manner suitable for communication, interpretation,
or processing
[ISO/IEC 2382-1:1993]
4.6
data type
specification of a value domain with operations allowed on values in this domain
[ISO/TS 19103:2005]
4.7
dataset
identifiable collection of data
[ISO 19115:2003]
4.8
dataset series
collection of datasets sharing the same product specification
[ISO 19115:2003]
4.9
domain
well-defined set
[ISO/TS 19103:2005]
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4.10
event
action which occurs at an instant
[ISO 19108:2002]
4.11
geolocation information
information used to determine geographic location corresponding to image location
4.12
georectified
corrected for positional displacement with respect to the surface of the earth
4.13
georeferencing
process of determining the relation between the position of data in the image coordinates and its geographic
or map location
4.14
grid
network composed of two or more sets of curves in which the members of each set intersect the members of
the other sets in an algorithmic way
[ISO 19123:2005]
NOTE The curves partition a space into grid cells.
4.15
grid coordinate system
coordinate system in which a position is specified relative to the intersection of curves
4.16
grid coordinates
sequence of two or more numbers specifying a position with respect to its location on a grid
4.17
gridded data
data whose attribute values are associated with positions on a grid coordinate system
4.18
ground control point
point on the earth that has an accurately known geographic position
4.19
image
gridded coverage whose attribute values are a numerical representation of a physical parameter
NOTE The physical parameters are the result of measurement by a sensor or a prediction from a model.
4.20
imagery
representation of phenomena as images produced by electronic and/or optical techniques
[ISO 19101-2:2008]
NOTE In this part of ISO 19115, it is assumed that the objects and phenomena have been sensed or detected by
camera, infrared and multispectral scanners, radar and photometers, or similar devices.
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4.21
metadata
data about data
[ISO 19115:2003]
4.22
pass
single instance of a remote, mobile measuring system going by a target of interest
NOTE In this part of ISO 19115, the measuring system will usually be a remote sensing platform. In a navigation
context, the measuring system might be a GPS satellite.
4.23
pixel
smallest element of a digital image to which attributes are assigned
[ISO/TS 19101-2:2008]
NOTE It is the smallest unit of display for a visible image.
4.24
platform
structure which supports a sensor, or sensors
4.25
polarization
restricting radiation, especially light, vibrations to a single plane
4.26
remote sensing
collection and interpretation of information about an object without being in physical contact with the object
4.27
resolution (of a sensor)
smallest difference between indications of a sensor that can be meaningfully distinguished
NOTE For imagery, resolution refers to radiometric, spectral, spatial and temporal resolutions.
[ISO/TS 19101-2:2008]
4.28
sensor
element of a measuring system that is directly affected by a phenomenon, body, or substance carrying a
quantity to be measured
[ISO/IEC GUIDE 99:2007)]
4.29
sensor model
description of the radiometric and geometric characteristics of a sensor
[ISO19101-2:2008]
4.30
spectral resolution
specific wavelength interval within the electromagnetic spectrum
EXAMPLE Band 1 of Landsat TM lies between 0,45 and 0,52 µm in the visible part of the spectrum.
4.31
value
element of a type domain
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[ISO/TS 19103:2005]
4.32
value domain
set of accepted values
[ISO/TS 19103:2005]
EXAMPLE The range 3-28, all integers, any ASCII character, enumeration of all accepted values (green, blue, white).
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms
5.1 Abbreviations
IDL Interface Definition Language
OCL Object Constraint Language
UML Unified Modeling Language
5.2 UML notations
The diagrams that appear in this part of ISO 19115 are presented using the Unified Modelling Language
(UML) static structure diagram with the ISO Interface Definition Language (IDL) basic type definitions and the
UML Object Constraint Language (OCL) as the conceptual schema language. The UML notations used in this
part of ISO 19115 are described in Figure 1.
Association
Aggregation
Composition
Generalization
Dependency
Figure 1 — UML notation
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5.3 UML model relationships
5.3.1 Associations
An association is used to describe a relationship between two or more classes. UML defines three different
types of relationships, called association, aggregation and composition. The three types have different
semantics. An ordinary association shall be used to represent a general relationship between two classes.
The aggregation and composition associations shall be used to create part-whole relationships between two
classes. The direction of an association must be specified. If the direction is not specified, it is assumed to be
a two-way association. If one-way associations are intended, the direction of the association can be marked
by an arrow at the end of the line.
An aggregation association is a relationship between two classes in which one of the classes plays the role of
container and the other plays the role of a containee.
A composition association is a strong aggregation. In a composition association, if a container object is
deleted, then all of its containee objects are deleted as well. The composition association shall be used when
the objects representing the parts of a container object cannot exist without the container object.
5.3.2 Generalization
A generalization is a relationship between a superclass and the subclasses that may be substituted for it. The
superclass is the generalized class, while the subclasses are specified classes.
5.3.3 Instantiation/Dependency
A dependency relationship shows that the client class depends on the supplier class/interface to provide
certain services, such as:
⎯ client class accesses a value (constant or variable) defined in the supplier class/interface;
⎯ operations of the client class invoke operations of the supplier class/interface;
⎯ operations of the client class have signatures whose return class or arguments are instances of the
supplier class/interface.
An instantiated relationship represents the act of substituting actual values for the parameters of a
parameterized class or parameterized class utility to create a specialized version of the more general item.
5.3.4 Roles
If an association is navigable in a particular direction, the model shall supply a “role name” that is appropriate
for the role of the target object in relation to the source object. Thus in a two-way association, two role names
will be supplied. Figure 2 represents how role names and cardinalities are expressed in UML diagrams.
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Association between classes
Association name
Class #1 Class #2
role-1 role-2
Association cardinality
1.*
1
Class Exactly one Class One or more
n
0.*
Class Class
Zero or more Specific number
0.1
Class Optional (zero or one)
Aggregation between classes Class inheritance (subtyping of classes)
Aggregate
Superclass
class
Component Component Component
Subclass #1 Subclass #2 Subclass #n
class #1 class #2 class #n
Figure 2 — UML roles
5.4 UML model stereotypes
A UML stereotype is an extension mechanism for existing UML concepts. It is a model element that is used to
classify (or mark) other UML elements so that they in some respect behave as if they were instances of new
virtual or pseudo metamodel classes whose form is based on existing base metamodel classes. Stereotypes
augment the classification mechanisms on the basis of the built-in UML metamodel class hierarchy. Below are
brief descriptions of the stereotypes used in this part of ISO 19115. For more detailed descriptions consult
ISO/TS 19103.
In this part of ISO 19115 the following stereotypes are used.
a) <> class used for specification of a domain of instances (objects), together with the operations
applicable to the objects. A type may have attributes and associations.
b) <> data type whose instances form a list of named literal values. Both the enumeration
name and its literal values are declared. Enumeration means a short list of well-understood potential
values within a class.
c) <> a descriptor of a set of values that lack identity and whose operations do not have side
effects. Datatypes include primitive pre-defined types and user-definable types. Pre-defined types include
numbers, string, and time. User-definable types include enumerations.
d) <> used to describe a more open enumeration. <> is a flexible enumeration. Code
lists are useful for expressing a long list of potential values. If the elements of the list are completely
known, an enumeration should be used; if only the likely values of the elements are known, a code list
should be used.
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e) <> describes a selection of one of the specified types. This is useful to specify a set of alternative
classes/types that can be used, without the need to create a common super-type/class.
f) <> class (or other classifier) that cannot be directly instantiated. UML notation for this to show
the name in italics.
g) <> class whose instances are classes. Metaclasses are typically used in the construction of
metamodels. A metaclass is an object class whose primary purpose is to hold metadata about another
class.
h) <> named set of operations that characterize the behaviour of an element.
i) <> cluster of logically related components, containing sub-packages.
j) <> package that contains definitions, without any sub-packages.
6 Imagery and gridded data metadata
6.1 Metadata for geospatial imagery and gridded data requirement
ISO 19115 identifies the metadata required to describe digital geographic data. This part of ISO 19115
extends the metadata identified in ISO 19115 and identifies the metadata required to describe digital
geospatial imagery and gridded data. ISO 19115 identifies some of the metadata for imagery and gridded data
and this part of ISO 19115 builds upon that foundation. The extended metadata shall be provided for
geographic images and gridded datasets which include the geospatial imagery and gridded data and may
optionally be provided for aggregations of datasets.
6.2 Imagery and gridded data metadata packages
6.2.1 Introduction
Figure 3 illustrates the relationships among the packages described in this part of ISO 19115 and the relevant
packages specified in ISO 19115. The ISO 19115 UML model diagrams and data dictionary for each package
are fully specified in ISO 19115. The additional metadata for geospatial imagery and gridded data is fully
specified in the UML model diagrams and data dictionary for each additional package, which is given in
Annex A and Annex B, respectively. If a discrepancy between the two annexes exists, Annex A shall be
considered authoritative.
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<>
Content information -
Imagery
<> <>
Content information Units of Measure
(from ISO 19115 Metadata) (from Derived)
<> <>
Spatial representation information Data quality information
<>
(from ISO 19115 Metadata) (from ISO 19115 Metadata)
Metadata entity set information
(from ISO 19115 Metadata)
<>
Metadata entity set -
Imagery
<>
Spatial representation information -
Imagery
<> <>
Acquisition information - Data quality information -
Imagery Imagery
Figure 3 — Metadata packages
To ensure global uniqueness of class names, ISO/TS 19103 requires that all class names be defined with a
bi-alpha prefix that identifies the package in which the class is defined. ISO 19115 uses the prefixes MD
(Metadata), CI (Citation), DQ (Data quality), EX (Extent), and LI (Lineage). To differentiate between
ISO 19115 and entities of this part of ISO 19115, this part uses different prefixes. The prefixes used are MI
(
...
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