SIST-TS CEN/TS 17702-1:2023
(Main)Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 1: Sampling
Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 1: Sampling
This document specifies sampling plans and methods of representative sampling of plant biostimulants to obtain samples for physical, chemical and biological analysis.
It is applicable to the sampling of lots of plant biostimulants supplied or ready for supply to third parties, as such, or in smaller lots.
It is also applicable to the sampling of blends of fertilizing products where plant biostimulants are main part of the blend. Otherwise, deliverables of sampling relevant for the main part of the blend apply.
This document is intended to be used by manufacturers, buyers and competent authorities to obtain samples prior to transport and supply it to a laboratory for testing.
NOTE This document is applicable to the category of EU fertilizing product (plant biostimulants) in the meaning of the Regulation (EU) 2019/1009.
Pflanzen-Biostimulanzien - Probenahme und Probenvorbereitung - Teil 1: Probenahme
Dieses Dokument legt Probenahmepläne und Verfahren der repräsentativen Probenahme aus Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung zur Gewinnung von Proben für physikalische, chemische und biologische Analysen fest.
Es ist auf die Probenahme aus Losen von Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung, die als solche oder in kleineren Losen an Dritte geliefert wurden oder lieferbereit sind, anwendbar.
Es ist zudem auf die Probenahme aus Mischungen von Düngeprodukten anwendbar, bei denen Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung den Hauptbestandteil der Mischung darstellen. Andernfalls gelten die für den Hauptbestandteil der Mischung relevanten Vorgaben für die Probenahme.
Dieses Dokument ist für die Verwendung durch Hersteller, Käufer und die zuständigen Behörden bestimmt, um Proben vor dem Transport zu erhalten und diese zur Untersuchung an ein Labor zu übergeben.
ANMERKUNG Dieses Dokument ist anwendbar auf die Kategorie von EU Düngeprodukten (Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung) im Sinne der Verordnung (EU) 2019/1009.
Biostimulants des végétaux - Échantillonnage et préparation des échantillons - Partie 1 : Échantillonnage
Le présent document spécifie les plans d'échantillonnage et les méthodes d'échantillonnage représentatif de biostimulants des végétaux pour obtenir des échantillons en vue d’une analyse physique, chimique et biologique.
Il est applicable à l’échantillonnage de lots de biostimulants des végétaux livrés ou prêts à être livrés à une tierce partie, en l’état ou sous forme de lots plus petits.
Il est également applicable à l’échantillonnage de mélanges de fertilisants dans lesquels les biostimulants des végétaux représentent la majorité du mélange. Dans le cas contraire, ce sont les livrables de l’échantillonnage pertinents pour le fertilisant majoritairement présent dans le mélange qui s’appliquent.
Le présent document est destiné à être utilisé par les fabricants, acheteurs et autorités compétentes pour obtenir des échantillons avant de les transporter et de les fournir à un laboratoire pour essai.
NOTE Le présent document est applicable à la catégorie de fertilisants UE (biostimulants des végétaux) au sens du règlement (UE) 2019/1009.
Rastlinski biostimulanti - Vzorčenje in priprava vzorcev - 1. del: Vzorčenje
Ta dokument določa načrte vzorčenja in metode reprezentativnega vzorčenja rastlinskih biostimulantov za pridobitev vzorcev za fizikalne, kemijske in biološke analize.
Uporablja se za vzorčenje serij rastlinskih biostimulantov, dobavljenih ali pripravljenih za dobavo tretjim osebam, kot takih ali v manjših serijah.
Uporaben je tudi za vzorčne mešanice sredstev za gnojenje, pri katerih so rastlinski biostimulanti glavni del mešanice. V nasprotnem primeru se uporabijo rezultati vzorčenja, ki veljajo za glavni del mešanice.
Dokument naj bi uporabljali proizvajalci, kupci ter pristojni organi za pridobivanje vzorcev pred prevozom in dostavo v laboratorij za preskušanje.
OPOMBA: Ta dokument se uporablja za kategorijo sredstev za gnojenje EU (rastlinski biostimulanti) v smislu Uredbe (EU) 2019/1009.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17702-1:2023
01-februar-2023
Rastlinski biostimulanti - Vzorčenje in priprava vzorcev - 1. del: Vzorčenje
Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 1: Sampling
Pflanzen-Biostimulanzien - Probenahme und Probenvorbereitung - Teil 1: Probenahme
Biostimulants des végétaux - Échantillonnage et préparation des échantillons - Partie 1 :
Échantillonnage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN/TS 17702-1:2022
ICS:
65.080 Gnojila Fertilizers
SIST-TS CEN/TS 17702-1:2023 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CEN/TS 17702-1:2023
CEN/TS 17702-1
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
March 2022
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 65.080
English Version
Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation -
Part 1: Sampling
Biostimulants des végétaux - Échantillonnage et Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung -
préparation des échantillons - Partie 1 : Probenahme und Probenvorbereitung - Teil 1:
Échantillonnage Probenahme
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 3 January 2022 for provisional application.
This Technical Specification was corrected and reissued by the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre on 4 May 2022.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIO N
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUN G
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2022 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN/TS 17702-1:2022 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Sampling plans and quantitative data . 7
4.1 Principle . 7
4.2 Sampling plans . 7
4.3 Quantitative data . 9
5 Incremental sampling methods . 9
5.1 General. 9
5.2 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a rotary mechanical
sample divider . 9
5.3 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a riffle divider . 12
5.4 Sampling of solid plant biostimulants in packages – using a spear . 13
5.5 Sampling of solid plant biostimulants in packages – Manual method . 15
5.6 Sampling of fluid plant biostimulants . 16
6 Reduction of aggregate sample . 17
6.1 General. 17
6.2 Solid plant biostimulants . 17
6.3 Fluid plant biostimulants . 18
7 Division into final samples . 18
8 Practical arrangements for final (laboratory) samples . 18
8.1 General. 18
8.2 Containers . 18
8.3 Sealing of containers. 19
8.4 Labelling of final samples . 19
8.5 Dispatch of the final sample . 19
8.6 Storage of final samples . 19
9 Sampling report . 19
9.1 General. 19
9.2 Essential information . 19
9.3 Additional information . 20
Annex A (informative) Examples of rotating sample dividers . 21
Annex B (informative) Test for bias in a rotary divider . 23
Annex C (informative) Examples of apparatus for sampling of fluid plant biostimulant . 24
Annex D (informative) Methods of mixing for fluid plant biostimulants . 26
Bibliography . 32
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European foreword
This document (CEN/TS 17702-1:2022) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 455 “Plant
Biostimulants”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a Standardization Request given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.
The CEN/TS 17702 series, Plant biostimulants — Sampling and sample preparation, consists of the
following parts:
— Part 1: Sampling;
— Part 2: Sample preparation.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United
Kingdom.
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Introduction
This document was prepared by the experts of CEN/TC 455 “Plant Biostimulants”. The European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) was requested by the European Commission (EC) to draft
European standards or European standardization deliverables to support the implementation of
Regulation (EU) 2019/1009 of 5 June 2019 laying down rules on the making available on the market of
EU fertilizing products (“FPR” or “Fertilising Products Regulation”).
This standardization request, presented as M/564, also contributes to the Communication on “Innovating
for Sustainable Growth: A Bio economy for Europe”. The Working Group 1 “Sampling”, was created to
develop a work program as part of this request. The technical committee CEN/TC 455 “Plant
Biostimulants” was established to carry out the work program that will prepare a series of standards. The
interest in biostimulants has increased significantly in Europe as a valuable tool to use in agriculture.
Standardization was identified as having an important role in order to promote the use of biostimulants.
The work of CEN/TC 455 seeks to improve the reliability of the supply chain, thereby improving the
confidence of farmers, industry, and consumers in biostimulants, and will promote and support
commercialisation of the European biostimulant industry.
This document covers the following aspects of sampling, derived from EN 1482-1:2007, Fertilizers and
liming materials — Sampling and sample preparation — Part 1: Sampling and documents indicated. This
document is presented in a form adapted to the specificity of plant biostimulants. The titles of the
standards are given in the Bibliography.
From a technical point of view, sampling is generally defined as the withdrawal operation, of the part of
a “mass”, of such dimensions that the properties found in the sample taken are, within the limits of
statistical acceptability, the same as those of the mass of origin (representativeness of the sample). In
other words, the ultimate purpose of sampling is to allow the collection of representative portions of
plant biostimulants to be subject to analysis. Therefore, it fundamentally affects the significance and
reliability of the analytical results themselves.
The final results, in fact, must as far as possible refer to the state and conditions in where the material is
found at the time of collection, therefore, care must be taken to avoid or minimize possible modifications
to the chemical, physical and biological properties of the sample during or after sampling.
In conclusion, for a correct sampling, it is necessary that the sampling and collection of samples take place
quickly, if possible, taking necessary precautions to ensure that they are representative of the plant
biostimulants to be analysed and that the samples taken are stored in appropriate way. The surfaces,
containers and instruments used must be clean and dry.
Furthermore, remember the protection of health and safety in places of work, and that every intervention
must be carried out in compliance with the defined prevention and protection measures (including the
use of any suitable personal protective equipment (PPE)), in particular a careful reading of the labels on
the product and where available on the safety data sheet.
Figure 1 gives a schematic diagram of the sampling and sample preparation process.
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Figure 1 — Schematic diagram of sampling and sample preparation process for solid plant
biostimulants
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1 Scope
This document specifies sampling plans and methods of representative sampling of plant biostimulants
to obtain samples for physical, chemical and biological analysis.
It is applicable to the sampling of lots of plant biostimulants supplied or ready for supply to third parties,
as such, or in smaller lots.
It is also applicable to the sampling of blends of fertilizing products where plant biostimulants are main
part of the blend. Otherwise, deliverables of sampling relevant for the main part of the blend apply.
This document is intended to be used by manufacturers, buyers and competent authorities to obtain
samples prior to transport and supply it to a laboratory for testing.
NOTE This document is applicable to the category of EU fertilizing product (plant biostimulants) in the
meaning of the Regulation (EU) 2019/1009.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
aggregate sample
combination of all increments from the lot
3.2
division
process of producing a number of representative smaller portions, approximately equal in mass to each
other, from a larger mass
3.3
final sample
representative part of the reduced sample or, where no intermediate reduction is required, of the
aggregate sample
Note 1 to entry: Often, more than one sample is prepared, at the same time, from the reduced sample (or from the
aggregate sample). One or more of these final samples will be used as a laboratory sample or as laboratory samples,
while others may be stored for reference purposes.
3.4
increment
representative quantity of material taken from a sampling unit
Note 1 to entry: This may be constituted from a number of sub samples.
3.5
laboratory sample
final sample intended for laboratory inspection or testing
3.6
lot
total quantity of material, assumed to have the same characteristics, to be sampled using a sampling plan
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3.7
reduced sample
representative part of the aggregate sample obtained by a process of reduction in such a manner that the
mass is at least the mass of the required final samples
3.8
reduction
process of producing a representative smaller mass of plant biostimulant from a larger mass, with the
remainder being discarded
3.9
sampling unit
defined quantity of material having a boundary (e.g. a container)
3.10
sampled portion
quantity of a material consisting of all the sampling units from which increments are to be taken and
having characteristics presumed to be uniform
4 Sampling plans and quantitative data
4.1 Principle
The sampling plans given in this document are not based on strict statistical principles, but samples
obtained by following the procedures described in this clause shall be considered to be representative of
the original lot or sampled portion.
This clause specifies sampling plans for the evaluation of deliveries of plant biostimulants as well as
statutory control plans which have to be followed in certain circumstances.
According to available resources, the plant biostimulants are not supplied in other than packaged form
(up to 1 000 kg or 1 000 l). Therefore this document specifies principles for those cases. Nevertheless, if
plant biostimulants were delivered in larger packages and containers or in bulk, the principles of
EN 1482-1 should be applied accordingly.
For statutory control and the simple commercial evaluation of a small quantity of plant biostimulant, one
final sample is sufficient, but this may subsequently be divided into a number of identical samples.
The number of sampling units from which increments are to be taken depends on the size of the lot.
No incremental samples are taken at microbial plant biostimulants – in order to preserve the sensitive
content and maintain its properties intact avoiding possible contamination. Thus, the original package or
container itself shall be considered a final sample.
4.2 Sampling plans
4.2.1 Determination of the number of sampling units which form the sampled portion
4.2.1.1 General
The number of sampling units from which increments are to be taken depends on the size of the lot.
4.2.1.2 Plant biostimulant in packages or containers up to 50 kg or 50 l
The sampling unit is a package or container and the number of individual packages (containers) from
which incremental samples are to be taken should be in accordance with Table 1. For packages smaller
than 1 kg (1 l) each, it might be necessary to increase the number taken to ensure a sufficiently large
aggregate sample.
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Table 1 — Number of individual packages (containers)
from which incremental samples are to be taken
Lot size Minimum number of sampling units
4 or fewer packages All packages
More than 4 up to 10 packages 4 packages
More than 10 up to 400 The nearest whole number above the square root of
packages the number of packages
More than 400 packages 20
4.2.1.3 Plant biostimulant in packages or containers of more than 50 kg or 50 l and up to
1 000 kg or 1 000 l
Sampling units are mostly larger containers such as Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBC's). The number of
sampling units from which incremental samples should be taken depends on the total mass present. The
number of sampling units to be sampled should be in accordance with Table 2.
Table 2 — Number of sampling units from which incremental samples are to be taken
Lot size Minimum number of sampling units
3
10
25 t (25 m ) or less
3
The nearest whole number above the square root of
More than 25 t (25 m ) and up
3
the number of packages
to 400 t (400 m )
3
40
More than 400 t (400 m )
4.2.2 Identification of the sampling units to be sampled
Identify the packages in the lot or sampled portion consecutively and, by using a source of random
numbers, select the packages from which incremental samples are to be taken and mark them.
For microbial plant biostimulants – identify the packages in the lot or sampled portion consecutively and,
using a source of random numbers, select five packages which are to be taken as final samples.
4.2.3 Collection of increments
4.2.3.1 General
All incremental samples shall be of approximately the same mass or volume.
4.2.3.2 Solid plant biostimulants
Collect the relevant number of increments from each of the selected packages (sampling units – 4.2.2), by
the use of a divider (5.2 or 5.3), by the use of a spear (5.4) or by the manual method (5.5).
4.2.3.3 Fluid plant biostimulants
Follow the appropriate procedure described in 5.6.
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4.3 Quantitative data
4.3.1 Mass of increments
Increments should normally be of at least 250 g (250 ml) each. For packages of 1 kg (1 l) or smaller, the
entire contents is taken as the increment.
4.3.2 Mass of aggregate/reduced samples
Combine and mix all the collected increments. When necessary, reduce the aggregate sample as described
in Clause 5, so that the final mass for chemical or biological testing is at least 2 kg (2 l) and for physical
testing at least 4 times the maximum amount required for the physical test method.
4.3.3 Mass of final sample
The mass of each final sample for chemical or biological analysis shall be at least 500 g. For physical
testing the mass is dependent on the test(s) to be carried out.
5 Incremental sampling methods
5.1 General
Packages of solid plant biostimulants may be sampled by a process of reduction (see 5.2 and 5.3), starting
with the total contents of the package, or by spear sampling (see 5.4.) from the selected packages but the
latter only when the product is homogenous. The packages (including IBC's) may be sampled by emptying
the contents as in the method described in 5.5.
Containers up to 20 l of fluid plant biostimulants may be sampled by a process of pouring into collecting
vessel immediately after homogenization. All containers may be sampled by a process of filling of tube,
sucking by sampling pump or by sampling at source.
The sampling apparatus shall be clean, dry and inert (i.e. fabricated of materials that will not affect the
characteristics of the plant biostimulant to be sampled).
All sampling operations should be carried out in such a way as to minimize changes to sample properties,
e.g. moisture content.
5.2 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a rotary
mechanical sample divider
5.2.1 General
This subclause specifies a method suitable for the reduction of a mass of a solid plant biostimulant to a
smaller quantity which forms the incremental sample from the package.
The method may also be used to prepare reduced samples, final samples or laboratory samples.
By choosing suitable equipment, the method is applicable to the reduction of a sample of any mass above
a minimum defined by the size and number of particles.
5.2.2 Principle
Passage of the material through a rotary mechanical sample divider. Collection of the fractions followed
by rejection or recombination of some of the fractions to give the desired quantity for the incremental
sample.
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5.2.3 Apparatus
5.2.3.1 General
Rotary mechanical sample dividers are of several basic types. They can operate by collecting subsamples
from a falling stream (cutter type) or by extracting a helical ribbon from a falling cylindrical curtain, such
as is created by allowing the plant biostimulant to fall onto the apex of a cone distributor. In the case of
the cutter type, each sub-sample consists of a complete cross-section of the stream.
The sample divider is fed from a hopper fitted with one of a series of interchangeable orifices so that the
criteria below can be met.
−1
A standard divider operates at a rotational frequency of about 60 rounds min but this rotational
−1
frequency can be increased up to about 360 rounds min , the variance of the sample division being
reduced as a larger number of sub-samples are taken. However, care is needed to ensure that there is no
bias because of larger particles bouncing on the rapidly moving edges of the sample receiver or because
particles are shattered.
The hopper can be on the vertical axis of the receiver, feeding via the distributing cone, or off-centre when
no such cone is needed.
Examples of rotary sample dividers are shown in Annex A, Figures A.1, A.2 and A.3.
All sample dividers shall conform to the following basic requirements.
a) The effective opening of the cutter or slot shall be at least three times, but preferably five times, the
maximum particle size of the plant biostimulant to be divided. In practice, this means a minimum
dimension of at least 15 mm.
b) The divider shall be constructed and operated in such a manner that every particle has an equal
opportunity of being included in the sub-sample. Provided that all parts of the stream are sampled in
due proportion, an unbiased sample should be obtained.
c) During reduction, there shall be at least 50 rotations of the cup(s) so that at least 50 increments are
taken from the gross sample at each stage of division.
5.2.3.2 Test for bias (referred to previous clause: Rotary mechanical sample dividers)
A suitable test for bias is given in Annex B.
5.2.4 Procedure
5.2.4.1 General
Follow the procedure specified in 5.2.4.2, or 5.2.4.3 depending on the mass of the bulk sample.
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5.2.4.2 Sample small enough for the apparatus to handle the whole quantity in one pass
5.2.4.2.1 Set the rotary sample divider in motion and allow time for it to reach its steady rotational
frequency (a period of 15 s to 20 s is normally sufficient).
Fill the feed hopper from the contents of the package and open the retaining device at the base of the
hopper.
Top up the hopper from the remainder of the contents of the package, making sure that at no time can
material run directly from the sample container through the hopper outlet. Continue until the entire
contents of the package has passed through the divider.
5.2.4.2.2 Depending on the size of the incremental sample required, take and combine an appropriate
number of the sub-samples produced by the divider. Place in an air-tight container and discard the
remainder.
5.2.4.2.3 Repeat the operations described in 5.2.4.2.1 and 5.2.4.2.2 on the combined fractions if further
reduction is needed.
5.2.4.3 Sample too large for the apparatus to handle in one pass
5.2.4.3.1 Follow the procedure described in 5.2.4.2.1. Continue to top up the hopper from the
remainder of the contents of the package, making sure that at no time can material run directly from the
sample container through the hopper outlet, until the collecting devices are about 80 % (volume fraction)
full.
5.2.4.3.2 Depending on the size of the incremental sample required, take and combine an appropriate
number of the sub-samples produced by the divider and place them in an air-tight container. Discard the
remainder.
5.2.4.3.3 Repeat the operations described in 5.2.4.3.1 and 5.2.4.3.2, adding the selected fractions to the
container and discarding the remainder, as often as is necessary to completely empty the package.
5.2.4.3.4 If the masses of the sub-samples produced differ from each other by more than 3 % (mass
fraction), follow the procedure described in 5.2.4.3.5.
5.2.4.3.5 Divide the original package contents into n equal parts by weighing (n = M/m, where M is the
total net mass of the original package and m is the capacity of the divider).
Pass the first of the n parts through the divider in accordance with 5.2.4.2.
Take a number of the sub-samples depending on the mass of the incremental sample required and the
variation between the sub-samples. Place this (or these) sub-sample(s) in an air-tight container and
discard the remainder.
Repeat these operations on the remainder of the n parts, adding the selected sub-samples to the
container. The masses of the portions collected from the n operations should be as nearly as possible
equal to each other.
Provided that a rotary sample divider is used throughout for the reduction, it is not necessary to mix the
material passed through before further reduction in accordance with 5.2.4.2.3.
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5.2.5 Precautions
5.2.5.1 Ensure that all equipment is clean and dry before use.
5.2.5.2 Carry out all the operations described in 5.2.4 as rapidly as possible to avoid loss or gain of
moisture.
5.2.5.3 Store samples in air-tight containers except during the actual process of reduction.
5.3 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a riffle divider
5.3.1 General
If a suitable rotary sample divider is not available, or cannot be used for lack of power supply, it is still
possible to obtain incremental samples by other reduction methods. The procedure described in 5.3.2 is
known to be less precise and might introduce bias. The extent of this bias will depend on the nature of
the plant biostimulant and the tests which are subsequently to be carried out. For example, the standard
deviations for the results of particle size analysis of replicate samples obtained by the methods of
reduction described and by coning and quartering (see 6.2.3) are in the following approximate ratios:
s : s : s = 1,0 : 1,5 : 3,5 (1)
r f c
where
s is the standard deviation for a rotary divider;
r
s is the standard deviation for a riffle divider;
f
s is the standard deviation for coning and quartering.
c
5.3.2 Apparatus
A riffle divider is a two-way divider without moving parts. It consists of a hopper having two vertical sides
and two sloping sides which run the full
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17702-1:2021
01-december-2021
Rastlinski biostimulansi - Vzorčenje in priprava vzorcev - 1. del: Vzorčenje
Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 1: Sampling
Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung - Probenahme und Probenvorbereitung -
Teil 1: Probenahme
Biostimulants des végétaux - Échantillonnage et préparation des échantillons - Partie 1 :
Échantillonnage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprCEN/TS 17702-1
ICS:
65.080 Gnojila Fertilizers
kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17702-1:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17702-1:2021
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kSIST-TS FprCEN/TS 17702-1:2021
FINAL DRAFT
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
FprCEN/TS 17702-1
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
September 2021
ICS 65.080
English Version
Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation -
Part 1: Sampling
Biostimulants des végétaux - Échantillonnage et Biostimulanzien für die pflanzliche Anwendung -
préparation des échantillons - Partie 1 : Probenahme und Probenvorbereitung - Teil 1:
Échantillonnage Probenahme
This draft Technical Specification is submitted to CEN members for Vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 455.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a Technical Specification. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change
without notice and shall not be referred to as a Technical Specification.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprCEN/TS 17702-1:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Sampling plans and quantitative data . 8
4.1 Principle . 8
4.2 Sampling plans . 8
4.2.1 Determination of the number of sampling units which form the sampled portion . 8
4.2.2 Identification of the sampling units to be sampled . 9
4.2.3 Collection of increments . 9
4.3 Quantitative data . 10
4.3.1 Mass of increments . 10
4.3.2 Mass of aggregate/reduced samples . 10
4.3.3 Mass of final sample . 10
5 Incremental sampling methods . 10
5.1 General. 10
5.2 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a rotary mechanical
sample divider . 10
5.2.1 General. 10
5.2.2 Principle . 11
5.2.3 Apparatus . 11
5.2.4 Procedure . 11
5.2.5 Precautions . 13
5.3 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a riffle divider . 13
5.3.1 General. 13
5.3.2 Apparatus . 13
5.3.3 Procedure . 13
5.4 Sampling of solid plant biostimulants in packages – using a spear . 14
5.4.1 General. 14
5.4.2 Apparatus . 15
5.4.3 Procedure . 15
5.5 Sampling of solid plant biostimulants in packages – Manual method . 16
5.6 Sampling of fluid plant biostimulants . 17
6 Reduction of aggregate sample . 18
6.1 General. 18
6.2 Solid plant biostimulants . 18
6.2.1 General. 18
6.2.2 Riffle divider . 18
6.2.3 Coning and quartering . 18
6.3 Fluid plant biostimulants . 19
6.3.1 Apparatus . 19
6.3.2 Procedure . 19
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7 Division into final samples . 19
8 Practical arrangements for final (laboratory) samples . 19
8.1 General . 19
8.2 Containers . 19
8.3 Sealing of containers . 19
8.4 Labelling of final samples . 20
8.5 Dispatch of the final sample . 20
8.6 Storage of final samples . 20
9 Sampling report . 20
9.1 General . 20
9.2 Essential information . 20
9.3 Additional information . 21
Annex A (informative) Examples of rotating sample dividers . 22
Annex B (informative) Test for bias in a rotary divider . 24
Annex C (informative) Examples of apparatus for sampling of fluid plant biostimulant . 25
Annex D (informative) Methods of mixing for fluid plant biostimulants . 27
D.1 General . 27
D.2 Small containers. 27
D.2.1 Hand shaking . 27
D.2.2 Rocking . 27
D.3 Containers bigger than 20 l and up to 1 000 l. 27
D.3.1 Rocking in a see-saw fashion . 27
D.3.2 Rolling to and fro . 27
D.3.3 Mechanically driven drum shaker or roller . 27
D.3.5 Hand mixing . 29
D.3.6 Compressed gas . 30
D.4 Precautions for sampling of multi-phase fluids . 30
D.5 Precautions against static electricity . 31
Bibliography . 33
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European foreword
This document (FprCEN/TS 17702-1:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 455
“Plant Biostimulants”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the Vote on TS.
The CEN/TS 17702 series, Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation, consists of the
following parts:
— CEN/TS 17702-1, Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 1: Sampling;
— CEN/TS 17702-2, Plant biostimulants - Sampling and sample preparation - Part 2: Sample preparation.
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Introduction
This document was prepared by the experts of CEN/TC 455 ‘Plant Biostimulants’. The European
Committee for Standardization (CEN) was requested by the European Commission (EC) to draft
European standards or European standardization deliverables to support the implementation of
Regulation (EU) 2019/1009 of 5 June 2019 laying down rules on the making available on the market of
EU fertilising products (“FPR” or “Fertilising Products Regulation”).
This request, presented as SR M/564, also contributes to the Communication on “Innovating for
Sustainable Growth: A Bio economy for Europe”. The Working Group 1 “Sampling”, was created to
develop a work program as part of this Request. The technical committee CEN/TC 455 ‘Plant
Biostimulants’ was established to carry out the work program that will prepare a series of standards. The
interest in biostimulants has increased significantly in Europe as a valuable tool to use in agriculture.
Standardization was identified as having an important role in order to promote the use of biostimulants.
The work of CEN/TC 455 seeks to improve the reliability of the supply chain, thereby improving the
confidence of farmers, industry, and consumers in biostimulants, and will promote and support
commercialisation of the European biostimulant industry.
This document covers the following aspects of sampling, derived from EN 1482-1:2007, Fertilizers and
liming materials – Sampling and sample preparation – Part 1: Sampling and documents indicated. This
document is presented in a form adapted to the specificity of plant biostimulants. The titles of the
standards are given in the Bibliography.
From a technical point of view, sampling is generally defined as the withdrawal operation, of the part of
a “mass”, of such dimensions that the properties found in the sample taken are, within the limits of
statistical acceptability, the same as those of the mass of origin (representativeness of the sample). In
other words, the ultimate purpose of sampling is to allow the collection of representative portions of
plant biostimulants to be subject to analysis. Therefore, it fundamentally affects the significance and
reliability of the analytical results themselves.
The final results, in fact, must as far as possible refer to the state and conditions in where the material is
found at the time of collection, therefore, care must be taken to avoid or minimize possible modifications
to the chemical, physical and biological properties of the sample during or after sampling.
In conclusion, for a correct sampling, it is necessary that the sampling and collection of samples take place
quickly, if possible, taking necessary precautions to ensure that they are representative of the plant
biostimulants to be analysed and that the samples taken are stored in appropriate way. The surfaces,
containers and instruments used must be clean and dry.
Furthermore, remind the protection of health and safety in places of work that every intervention must
be carried out in compliance with the defined prevention and protection measures (including the use of
any suitable PPE), in particular a careful reading of the labels on the product and where available on the
safety data sheet.
Figure 1 gives a schematic diagram of the sampling and sample preparation process.
5
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Figure 1 — Schematic diagram of sampling process for solid plant biostimulants
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1 Scope
This document specifies sampling plans and methods of representative sampling of plant biostimulants
to obtain samples for physical, chemical and biological analysis.
It is applicable to the sampling of lots of plant biostimulants supplied or ready for supply to third parties,
as such, or in smaller lots.
It is also applicable to the sampling of blends of fertilizing products where plant biostimulants are main
part of the blend. Otherwise, deliverables of sampling relevant for the main part of the blend apply.
This document is intended to be used by manufacturers, buyers and competent authorities to obtain
samples prior to transport and supply it to a laboratory for testing.
NOTE This document is applicable to the category of EU fertilizing product (plant biostimulants) in the
meaning of the Regulation (EU) 2019/1009.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
aggregate sample
combination of all increments from the lot
3.2
division
process of producing a number of representative smaller portions, approximately equal in mass to each
other, from a larger mass
3.3
final sample
representative part of the reduced sample or, where no intermediate reduction is required, of the
aggregate sample
Note 1 to entry: Often, more than one sample is prepared, at the same time, from the reduced sample (or from the
aggregate sample). One or more of these final samples will be used as a laboratory sample or as laboratory samples,
while others may be stored for reference purposes.
3.4
increment
representative quantity of material taken from a sampling unit
Note 1 to entry: This may be constituted from a number of sub samples.
3.5
laboratory sample
final sample intended for laboratory inspection or testing
3.6
lot
total quantity of material, assumed to have the same characteristics, to be sampled using a sampling plan
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3.7
reduced sample
representative part of the aggregate sample obtained by a process of reduction in such a manner that the
mass is at least the mass of the required final samples
3.8
reduction
process of producing a representative smaller mass of plant biostimulant from a larger mass, with the
remainder being discarded
3.9
sampling unit
defined quantity of material having a boundary (e.g. a container)
3.10
sampled portion
quantity of a material consisting of all the sampling units from which increments are to be taken and
having characteristics presumed to be uniform
4 Sampling plans and quantitative data
4.1 Principle
The sampling plans given in this document are not based on strict statistical principles, but samples
obtained by following the procedures described in this clause shall be considered to be representative of
the original lot or sampled portion.
This clause specifies sampling plans for the evaluation of deliveries of plant biostimulants as well as
statutory control plans which have to be followed in certain circumstances.
According to available resources, the plant biostimulants are not supplied in other than packaged form
(up to 1000 kg / 1 000 l). Therefore this document specifies principles for those cases. Nevertheless, if
plant biostimulants were delivered in larger packages and containers or in bulk, the principles of
EN 1482-1:2007 should be applied accordingly.
For statutory control and the simple commercial evaluation of a small quantity of plant biostimulant, one
final sample is sufficient, but this may subsequently be divided into a number of identical samples.
The number of sampling units from which increments are to be taken depends on the size of the lot.
No incremental samples are taken at microbial plant biostimulants - in order to preserve the sensitive
content and maintain its properties intact avoiding possible contamination. Thus, the original package or
container itself shall be considered a final sample.
4.2 Sampling plans
4.2.1 Determination of the number of sampling units which form the sampled portion
4.2.1.1 General
The number of sampling units from which increments are to be taken depends on the size of the lot.
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4.2.1.2 Plant biostimulant in packages or containers up to 50 kg or 50 l
The sampling unit is a package or container and the number of individual packages (containers) from
which incremental samples are to be taken should be in accordance with Table 1. For packages smaller
than 1 kg (1 l) each, it might be necessary to increase the number taken to ensure a sufficiently large
aggregate sample.
Table 1 — Number of individual packages (containers)
from which incremental samples are to be taken
Lot size Minimum number of sampling units
4 or fewer packages All packages
More than 4 up to 10 packages 4 packages
More than 10 up to 400 The nearest whole number above the square root of
packages the number of packs.
More than 400 packages 20
4.2.1.3 Plant biostimulant in packages or containers of more than 50 kg or 50 l and up to
1 000 kg or 1 000 l
Sampling units are mostly larger containers such as Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBC's). The number of
sampling units from which incremental samples should be taken depends on the total mass present. The
number of sampling units to be sampled should be in accordance with Table 2.
Table 2 — Number of sampling units from which incremental samples are to be taken
Lot size Minimum number of sampling units
3
10
25 t (25 m ) or less
3
The nearest whole number above the square root of
More than 25 t (25 m ) and up
3
the number of packs.
to 400 t (400 m )
3
40
More than 400 t (400 m )
4.2.2 Identification of the sampling units to be sampled
Identify the packages in the lot or sampled portion consecutively and, by using a source of random
numbers, select the packages from which incremental samples are to be taken and mark them.
For microbial plant biostimulants - identify the packages in the lot or sampled portion consecutively and,
by using a source of random numbers, select five packages which are to be taken as final samples.
4.2.3 Collection of increments
4.2.3.1 General
All incremental samples shall be of approximately the same mass/volume.
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4.2.3.2 Solid plant biostimulants
Collect the relevant number of increment from each of the selected packages (sampling units - 4.2.2), by
the use of a divider (5.2 or 5.3), by the use of a spear (5.4) or by the manual method (5.5).
4.2.3.3 Fluid plant biostimulants
Follow the appropriate procedure described in 5.6.
4.3 Quantitative data
4.3.1 Mass of increments
Increments should normally be of at least 250 g (250 ml) each. For packages of 1 kg (1 l) or smaller, the
entire contents are taken as the increment.
4.3.2 Mass of aggregate/reduced samples
Combine and mix all the collected increments. When necessary, reduce the aggregate sample as described
in Clause 5, so that the final mass for chemical or biological testing is at least 2 kg (2 l) and for physical
testing at least 4 times the maximum amount required for the physical test method.
4.3.3 Mass of final sample
The mass of each final sample for chemical or biological analysis shall be at least 500 g. For physical
testing the mass is dependent on the test(s) to be carried out.
5 Incremental sampling methods
5.1 General
Packages of solid plant biostimulants may be sampled by a process of reduction (see 5.2 and 5.3), starting
with the total contents of the package, or by spear sampling (see 5.4.) from the selected packages but the
latter only when the product is uniform. The packages (including IBC's) may be sampled by emptying the
contents as in the method described in 5.5.
Containers up to 20 l of fluid plant biostimulants may be sampled by a process of pouring into collecting
vessel immediately after homogenization. All containers may be sampled by a process of filling of tube,
sucking by sampling pump or by sampling at source.
The sampling apparatus shall be clean, dry and inert (i.e. fabricated of materials that will not affect the
characteristics of the plant biostimulant to be sampled).
All sampling operations should be carried out in such a way as to minimize changes to sample properties,
e.g. moisture content.
5.2 Solid plant biostimulants in packages – Reduction method using a rotary mechanical
sample divider
5.2.1 General
This subclause specifies a method suitable for the reduction of a mass of a solid plant biostimulant to a
smaller quantity which forms the incremental sample from the package.
The method may also be used to prepare reduced samples, final samples or laboratory samples.
By choosing suitable equipment, the method is applicable to the reduction of a sample of any mass above
a minimum defined by the size and number of particles.
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5.2.2 Principle
Passage of the material through a rotary mechanical sample divider. Collection of the fractions followed
by rejection or recombination of some of the fractions to give the desired quantity for the incremental
sample.
5.2.3 Apparatus
5.2.3.1 General
Rotary mechanical sample dividers are of several basic types. They can operate by collecting subsamples
from a falling stream (cutter type) or by extracting a helical ribbon from a falling cylindrical curtain, such
as is created by allowing the plant biostimulant to fall onto the apex of a cone distributor. In the case of
the cutter type, each sub-sample consists of a complete cross-section of the stream.
The sample divider is fed from a hopper fitted with one of a series of interchangeable orifices so that the
criteria below can be met.
−1
A standard divider operates at a rotational frequency of about 60 rounds min but this rotational
−1
frequency can be increased up to about 360 rounds min , the variance of the sample division being
reduced as a larger number of sub-samples are taken. However, care is needed to ensure that there is no
bias because of larger particles bouncing on the rapidly moving edges of the sample receiver or because
particles are shattered.
The hopper can be on the vertical axis of the receiver, feeding via the distributing cone, or off-centre when
no such cone is needed.
Examples of rotary sample dividers are shown in Annex A, Figures A.1, A.2 and A.3.
All sample dividers shall conform to the following basic requirements.
a) The effective opening of the cutter or slot shall be at least three times, but preferably five times, the
maximum particle size of the plant biostimulant to be divided. In practice, this means a minimum
dimension of at least 15 mm.
b) The divider shall be constructed and operated in such a manner that every particle has an equal
opportunity of being included in the sub-sample. Provided that all parts of the stream are sampled in
due proportion, an unbiased sample should be obtained.
c) During reduction, there shall be at least 50 rotations of the cup(s) so that at least 50 increments are
taken from the gross sample at each stage of division.
5.2.3.2 Test for bias (referred to previous clause: Rotary mechanical sample dividers)
A suitable test for bias is given in Annex B.
5.2.4 Procedure
5.2.4.1 General
Follow the procedure specified in 5.2.4.2, or 5.2.4.3 depending on the mass of the bulk sample.
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5.2.4.2 Sample small enough for the apparatus to handle the whole quantity in one pass
5.2.4.2.1 Set the rotary sample divi
...
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