SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
(Main)Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test methods (ISO 1461:2009)
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test methods (ISO 1461:2009)
This International Standard specifies the general properties of coatings and test methods for coatings applied by dipping fabricated iron and steel articles (including certain castings) in a zinc melt (containing not more than 2 % of other metals). It does not apply to the following:
a) sheet, wire and woven or welded mesh products that are continuously hot dip galvanized;
b) tube and pipe that are hot dip galvanized in automatic plants;
c) hot dip galvanized products (e.g. fasteners) for which specific standards exist and which might include additional requirements or requirements which are different from those of this International Standard. NOTE Individual product standards can incorporate this International Standard for the coating by quoting its number, or can incorporate it with modifications specific to the product. Different requirements can also be made for galvanized coatings on products intended to meet specific regulatory requirements. After-treatment/over-coating of hot dip galvanized articles is not covered by this International Standard.
Durch Feuerverzinken auf Stahl aufgebrachte Zinküberzüge (Stückverzinken) - Anforderungen und Prüfungen (ISO 1461:2009)
Diese Internationale Norm legt die allgemeinen Anforderungen an die Eigenschaften und Prüfungen von
Überzügen fest, die durch Eintauchen von gefertigten Eisen- und Stahlteilen (einschließlich bestimmter Gussteile)
in eine Zinkschmelze (die nicht mehr als 2 % andere Metalle enthält) aufgebracht werden. Diese Norm
gilt nicht für:
a) kontinuierlich feuerverzinktes Stahlband und Draht und daraus gefertigte Produkte (Schweißmatten und
Maschendraht);
b) Rohre, die in automatischen Anlagen feuerverzinkt werden;
c) feuerverzinkte Produkte (z. B. mechanische Verbindungselemente), für welche separate Normen existieren.
Diese können zusätzliche Anforderungen beinhalten oder Anforderungen festlegen, die von dieser
Internationalen Norm abweichen.
ANMERKUNG Eigenständige Produkt-Normen können Bezug auf diese Internationale Norm nehmen und sie einschließen,
oder sie können sie mit Änderungen, die sich auf das genormte Produkt beziehen, übernehmen. Abweichende
Anforderungen können an Zinküberzüge auf Produkten gestellt werden, die besonderen behördlichen Anforderungen
unterliegen.
Diese Internationale Norm behandelt nicht die Nachbehandlung und die zusätzliche Beschichtung von feuerverzinkten
Teilen.
Revêtements par galvanisation à chaud sur produits finis en fonte et en acier - Spécifications et méthodes d'essaii (ISO 1461:2009)
L'ISO 1461:2009 spécifie les propriétés générales des revêtements et les méthodes d'essais relatives aux revêtements appliqués par immersion de produits finis en fonte et en acier (y compris les pièces moulées) dans un bain de zinc (ne contenant pas plus de 2 % d'autres métaux). Elle ne s'applique pas:
aux tôles, aux fils et produits en treillis tissés ou soudés, galvanisés à chaud en continu;
aux tubes et canalisations galvanisés à chaud dans des installations automatisées;
aux produits galvanisés à chaud (par exemple les éléments de fixation) pour lesquels des normes spécifiques existent pouvant inclure des exigences supplémentaires ou différentes par rapport à celles contenues dans l'ISO 1461:2009.
Les post-traitements/revêtements sur produits galvanisés à chaud ne sont pas traités dans l'ISO 1461:2009.
Prevleke na železnih in jeklenih predmetih, nanesene z vročim pocinkanjem - Specifikacije in metode preskušanja (ISO 1461:2009)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
01-julij-2009
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 1461:1999
3UHYOHNHQDåHOH]QLKLQMHNOHQLKSUHGPHWLKQDQHVHQH]YURþLPSRFLQNDQMHP
6SHFLILNDFLMHLQPHWRGHSUHVNXãDQMD ,62
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test
methods (ISO 1461:2009)
Durch Feuerverzinken auf Stahl aufgebrachte Zinküberzüge (Stückverzinken) -
Anforderungen und Prüfungen (ISO 1461:2009)
Revêtements par galvanisation à chaud sur produits finis en fonte et en acier -
Spécifications et méthodes d'essaii (ISO 1461:2009)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 1461:2009
ICS:
25.220.40 Kovinske prevleke Metallic coatings
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 1461
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2009
ICS 25.220.40 Supersedes EN ISO 1461:1999
English Version
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles
- Specifications and test methods (ISO 1461:2009)
Revêtements par galvanisation à chaud sur produits finis Durch Feuerverzinken auf Stahl aufgebrachte Zinküberzüge
en fonte et en acier - Spécifications et méthodes d'essaii (Stückverzinken) - Anforderungen und Prüfungen (ISO
(ISO 1461:2009) 1461:2009)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 April 2009.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 1461:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
EN ISO 1461:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
EN ISO 1461:2009 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 1461:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107 "Metallic and
other inorganic coatings" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic and other inorganic
coatings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2009.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 1461:1999.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 1461:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 1461:2009 without any modification.
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 1461
Third edition
2009-05-15
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated
iron and steel articles — Specifications
and test methods
Revêtements par galvanisation à chaud sur produits finis en fonte et en
acier — Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
Reference number
ISO 1461:2009(E)
©
ISO 2009
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but
shall not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In
the unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2009
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions. 2
4 General requirements. 3
4.1 General. 3
4.2 Hot dip galvanizing bath . 3
4.3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser . 3
4.4 Safety . 4
5 Acceptance inspection and sampling . 4
6 Coating properties. 4
6.1 Appearance . 4
6.2 Thickness . 5
6.3 Renovation . 8
6.4 Adhesion. 8
6.5 Acceptance criteria. 8
7 Certificate of compliance . 9
Annex A (normative) Information to be supplied. 10
Annex B (normative) Safety and process requirements. 12
Annex C (informative) Renovation of uncoated or damaged areas . 13
Annex D (informative) Determination of thickness. 14
Annex E (informative) Corrosion resistance of hot dip galvanized coatings . 15
Bibliography . 16
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 1461 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings,
Subcommittee SC 4, Hot dip coatings (galvanized, etc.).
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 1461:1999), which has been technically
revised. This revision reflects the experience gained in the use of ISO 1461 and includes a simplification of
procedures and presentation.
Significant changes to the text include the following:
⎯ further refining of the scope of application of the standard to exclude woven or welded mesh products that
are continuously galvanized;
⎯ adding a definition for weld seepage in Clause 3;
⎯ adding references to the availability of secondary zinc supply;
⎯ adding explanatory notes on coating finish;
⎯ simplifying requirements for sampling and testing;
⎯ adding references for the use of alternative renovation materials and for methods of adhesion testing;
⎯ moving much informative information on the influence of the basis metal on the hot dip galvanized
[8]
coatings produced and designed for galvanizing into the guidance document ISO 14713-2 .
iv © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1461:2009(E)
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel
articles — Specifications and test methods
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the general properties of coatings and test methods for coatings applied
by dipping fabricated iron and steel articles (including certain castings) in a zinc melt (containing not more
than 2 % of other metals). It does not apply to the following:
a) sheet, wire and woven or welded mesh products that are continuously hot dip galvanized;
b) tube and pipe that are hot dip galvanized in automatic plants;
c) hot dip galvanized products (e.g. fasteners) for which specific standards exist and which might include
additional requirements or requirements which are different from those of this International Standard.
NOTE Individual product standards can incorporate this International Standard for the coating by quoting its number,
or can incorporate it with modifications specific to the product. Different requirements can also be made for galvanized
coatings on products intended to meet specific regulatory requirements.
After-treatment/over-coating of hot dip galvanized articles is not covered by this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 752, Zinc ingots
ISO 1460, Metallic coatings — Hot dip galvanized coatings on ferrous materials — Gravimetric determination
of the mass per unit area
ISO 2064, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement
of thickness
ISO 2178, Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates — Measurement of coating thickness — Magnetic
method
ISO 2808, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness
ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by
acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection
ISO 2859-2, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 2: Sampling plans indexed by limited
quality (LQ) for isolated lot inspection
ISO 2859-3, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 3: Skip-lot sampling procedures
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
ISO 3549, Zinc dust pigments for paints — Specifications and test methods
ISO 3882, Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Review of methods of measurement of thickness
ISO 10474, Steel and steel products — Inspection documents
EN 1179, Zinc and zinc alloys — Primary zinc
EN 13283, Zinc and zinc alloys — Secondary zinc
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2064 and the following apply.
3.1
hot dip galvanizing
formation of a coating of zinc and/or zinc iron alloys on iron and steel products by dipping prepared steel or
cast iron in a zinc melt
3.2
hot dip galvanized coating
coating obtained by hot dip galvanizing
NOTE The term “hot dip galvanized coating” is subsequently referred to as the “coating”.
3.3
coating mass
total mass of zinc and/or zinc alloys per area of surface
2
NOTE The coating mass is expressed in grams per square metre, g/m .
3.4
coating thickness
total thickness of zinc and/or zinc alloys
NOTE The thickness is expressed in micrometres, µm.
3.5
significant surface
part of the article covered or to be covered by the coating and for which the coating is essential for
serviceability and/or appearance
3.6
control sample
article or group of articles from a lot that is selected for sampling
3.7
reference area
area within which a specific number of single measurements are made
3.8
local coating thickness
mean value of coating thickness obtained from the specific number of measurements within a reference area
for a magnetic test or the single value from a gravimetric test
3.9
mean coating thickness
average value of the local thicknesses
2 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
3.10
local coating mass
value of coating mass obtained from a single gravimetric test
3.11
mean coating mass
average value of the coating masses determined either by using a control sample selected in accordance with
Clause 5 using tests in accordance with ISO 1460 or by conversion of the mean coating thickness (3.9)
3.12
minimum value of the coating thickness
lowest single measurement in a gravimetric test or lowest mean obtained from the specified number of
measurements in a magnetic test within a reference area
3.13
inspection lot
single order or single delivery load
3.14
acceptance inspection
inspection of an inspection lot at the hot dip galvanization works, unless otherwise specified
3.15
uncoated area
areas on the iron or steel articles that do not react with the molten zinc
3.16
zinc melt
molten mass containing primarily zinc
3.17
weld seepage
emission of previously retained pretreatment solutions from narrow spaces between two closely contacting
surfaces that have been subject to intermittent welding or from very small cavities (pinholes) in the welds of a
galvanized article
4 General requirements
4.1 General
This International Standard sets out requirements for the contents of the zinc melt used to apply a galvanized
coating to articles (see 4.2). The chemical composition and the surface condition (finish and roughness) of the
basis metal, the mass of the parts and the galvanizing conditions may affect the appearance, thickness,
texture and physical/mechanical properties of the coating. This International Standard does not define any
[8]
requirements regarding these points. Guidance on these parameters can be found in ISO 14713-2 .
4.2 Hot dip galvanizing bath
The hot dip galvanizing bath shall primarily contain molten zinc. The total of the other elements (as identified
in ISO 752, EN 1179 or EN 13283, excluding tin and iron) in the molten zinc shall not exceed 1,5 % by mass.
4.3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
The information listed in Annex A (Clauses A.1 and A.2) shall be supplied by the purchaser.
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
4.4 Safety
Venting and draining shall be provided for in accordance with Annex B.
5 Acceptance inspection and sampling
Acceptance inspection can be undertaken by, or on behalf of, the purchaser and shall be undertaken before
the products leave the hot dip galvanizers custody, unless otherwise specified at the time of ordering by the
purchaser. Acceptance inspection involves assessment of the appearance of the coated product and testing
of the zinc coating thickness. Adhesion tests are normally not carried out and are only tested by agreement.
If the customer requires this, a control sample for thickness testing shall be taken randomly from each
inspection lot (3.13) selected for testing. The minimum number of articles from each inspection lot that forms
the control sample shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 — Control sample size related to lot size
Minimum number of articles
Number of articles in lot
in the control sample
1 to 3 All
4 to 500 3
501 to 1 200 5
1 201 to 3 200 8
3 201 to 10 000 13
> 10 000 20
6 Coating properties
6.1 Appearance
At acceptance inspection, the significant surface(s) of all the hot dip galvanized article(s), when first examined
by normal or corrected vision from a distance of not less than 1 m, shall be free from nodules, blisters
(i.e. raised areas without solid metal beneath), roughness and sharp points (if either can cause injury) and
uncoated areas.
The primary purpose of the galvanized coating is to protect the underlying iron or steelwork against corrosion.
Considerations related to aesthetics or decorative features should be secondary. Where these secondary
features are also of importance, it is highly recommended that the galvanizer and customer agree upon the
standard of finish that is achievable on the iron or steelwork (in total or in part), given the range of materials
used to form the article. This is of particular importance where the required standard of finish is beyond that
set out in this subclause. It should be noted that “roughness” and “smoothness” are relative terms and the
roughness of coatings on articles galvanized after fabrication differs from that of mechanically wiped products,
such as galvanized sheet, tube and wire. In practice, it is not possible to establish a definition of appearance
and finish covering all requirements.
The occurrence of darker or lighter areas (e.g. cellular pattern or dark grey areas) or some surface
unevenness shall not be a cause for rejection. The development of wet storage staining, primarily basic zinc
oxide (formed during storage in humid conditions after hot dip galvanizing), shall not be a cause for rejection,
providing the coating thickness remains above the specified minimum value.
4 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
NOTE In certain circumstances, for example, where the galvanized article is to receive a further treatment or
application of additional coatings, the purchaser might ask the galvanizer
a) not to quench the article, and/or
b) to take measures to prevent the formation of corrosion products on the surface of the galvanized coating during
storage and transport.
Flux residues shall not be permitted. Lumps and zinc ash shall not be permitted where they might affect the
[7]
intended use of the hot dip galvanized article or its corrosion resistance requirement (see ISO 14713-1 for
corrosion protection performance data).
Aesthetic effects (e.g. weld seepage) resulting from the use of intermittent welds around overlapping surfaces
in the fabrication should not be a cause for rejection. Use of this type of welding pattern often results from
[8]
consideration of health and safety issues. Further guidance is given in ISO 14713-2 .
Articles that fail visual inspection shall be renovated in accordance with 6.3. Otherwise, the articles shall be
regalvanized and resubmitted for inspection.
When particular requirements exist (for example, when the galvanized coating is to be painted), a sample
shall be produced [see A.2 f)] at the purchaser's request.
6.2 Thickness
6.2.1 General
Coatings applied by hot dip galvanizing are designed to protect the iron and steel products against corrosion
(see Annex E). The length of time of corrosion protection by such coatings is approximately proportional to the
[7]
coating thickness (see ISO 14713-1 ).
6.2.2 Test methods
In case of dispute regarding the test method, the method of calculating the coating thickness shall be by the
determination of the mean mass of hot dip galvanized coating per unit area using the gravimetric method in
3
accordance with ISO 1460, and the nominal density of the coating, 7,2 g/cm , shall be used for calculation
purposes. Where less than 10 articles are involved, the purchaser shall not have to accept the gravimetric test
if that would involve the destruction of articles and unacceptable remedial costs to the purchaser.
Tests (see Annex D) are most commonly carried out by one of the magnetic methods given in ISO 2808 and
ISO 2178 (also specified in ISO 3882). Instruments for magnetic methods measure either the magnetic
attraction between a permanent magnet and the base metal, as influenced by the presence of the coating, or
the reluctance of the magnetic flux path passing through the coating and the base metal. Alternative methods
include the gravimetric and the microscopic cross-section methods (see Annex D).
The test methods given in ISO 2808 and ISO 2178 (also reviewed in ISO 3882) are most appropriate within
works and for routine quality control. Because the area on which each measurement is made in these
methods is very small, individual figures may be lower than the values for the local or mean coating thickness.
If a sufficient number of measurements is made within a reference area, effectively the same local thickness
will be determined by magnetic as well as gravimetric methods.
6.2.3 Reference areas
The number and position of reference areas and their sizes for the magnetic or gravimetric test shall be
chosen with regard to the shapes and sizes of the article(s) in order to obtain a result as representative as
possible of mean coating thickness or mass per unit area, as applicable. On a long article in the control
sample, the reference areas shall be cut approximately 100 mm from the edges and 100 mm from each end
and the approximate centre, and shall comprise the whole cross-section of the article.
© ISO 2009 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
The number of reference areas, dependent upon the size of the individual articles in the control sample, shall
be as identified in Table 2.
Table 2 — Required number of reference areas for testing
Category Size of significant surface area Number of reference areas to be taken per article
2
W 3
a > 2 m
2 2
> 100 cm to u 2 m W 1
b
2 2
c > 10 cm to u 100 cm 1
2
u 10 cm
d 1 on each of N articles
2 2
NOTE 2 m = 200 cm × 100 cm; 100 cm = 10 cm × 10 cm.
2
For articles in category a in Table 2, with a significant surface area greater than 2 m (“large” articles) for each
article (taken separately) in the control sample, the mean coating thickness within the reference areas shall be
equal to or greater than the mean coating thickness values in Table 3 or Table 4.
In categories b, c and d in Table 2, the average coating thickness on each reference area shall be equal to or
greater than the “local coating thickness” values given in Tables 3 or 4, as appropriate. The average coating
thickness on all reference areas in a sample shall be equal to or greater than the “mean coating thickness”
values given in Tables 3 or 4, as appropriate.
2
For category d in Table 2 only, N is the sufficient number of articles to provide a minimum of 10 cm of
significant surface for an individual reference area. The total number of articles tested equals the number of
articles required to provide one reference area, N, multiplied by the appropriate number from the second
column of Table 1 related to the size of the lot (or the total number of articles galvanized if that is less).
Alternatively, sampling procedures selected from ISO 2859-1, ISO 2859-2 or ISO 2859-3 shall be used.
When the zinc coating thickness is determined by the magnetic method in accordance with ISO 2178, the
reference areas shall be within, and representative of, those that would have been chosen for the gravimetric
method.
2
When more than five articles have to be taken to make up a reference area of at least 10 cm , a single
magnetic measurement shall be taken on each article if a suitable area of significant surface exists; if not, the
gravimetric test shall be used.
2
Within each reference area of 10 cm , a minimum of five magnetic test readings shall be taken on coated
areas. If any of the individual readings is lower than the values in Tables 3 or 4, this is irrelevant, as only the
mean value over the whole of each reference area is required to be equal to or greater than the local
thickness given in the table. The mean coating thickness for all reference areas shall be calculated in a similar
way for the magnetic test as for the gravimetric test (see ISO 1460).
Thickness measurements shall not be taken on cut surfaces or areas less than 10 mm from edges, flame-cut
[8]
surfaces or corners (see ISO 14713-2 ).
6 © ISO 2009 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 16 ----------------------
SIST EN ISO 1461:2009
ISO 1461:2009(E)
Table 3 — Minimum coating thickness and mass on samples that are not centrifuged
Local coating Local coating Mean coating Mean coating
thickness mass thickness mass
a b c b
Article and its thickness
(minimum) (minimum) (minimum) (minimum)
2 2
µm g/m µm g/m
Steel > 6 mm 70 505 85 610
Steel > 3 mm to u 6 mm 55 395 70 505
Steel W 1,5 mm to u 3 mm 45 325 55 395
Steel < 1,5 mm 35 250 45 325
Castings W 6 mm 70 505 80 575
Castings < 6 mm 60 430 70 505
NOTE This table is for general use: individual product standards may include different requirements including different categories of
thickness. Local coating mass and mean coating mass requirements are set out in this table for reference in such cases of dispute.
a
See 3.8.
b 3
Equivalent coating mass using a nominal coating density of 7,2 g/cm (see Annex D).
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN ISO 1461:2008
01-januar-2008
3UHYOHNHQDMHNOHQLKSUHGPHWLKQDQHVHQH]YURþLPSRFLQNDQMHP6SHFLILNDFLMHLQ
SUHVNXVQHPHWRGH ,62',6
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles - Specifications and test
methods (ISO/DIS 1461:2007)
Durch Feuerverzinken auf Stahl aufgebrachte Zinküberzüge (Stückverzinken) -
Anforderungen und Prüfungen (ISO/DIS 1461:2007)
Revetements par galvanisation a chaud sur produits finis ferreux - Spécifications et
méthodes d'essai (ISO/DIS 1461:2007)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN ISO 1461
ICS:
25.220.40 Kovinske prevleke Metallic coatings
oSIST prEN ISO 1461:2008 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN ISO 1461
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2007
ICS 25.220.40 Will supersede EN ISO 1461:1999
English Version
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel articles
- Specifications and test methods (ISO/DIS 1461:2007)
Revêtements par galvanisation à chaud sur produits finis Durch Feuerverzinken auf Stahl aufgebrachte Zinküberzüge
ferreux - Spécifications et méthodes d'essai (ISO/DIS (Stückverzinken) - Anforderungen und Prüfungen (ISO/DIS
1461:2007) 1461:2007)
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for parallel enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 262.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN ISO 1461:2007: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
prEN ISO 1461:2007 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
2
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
prEN ISO 1461:2007 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN ISO 1461:2007) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107 "Metallic and
other inorganic coatings" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 262 “Metallic and other inorganic
coatings” the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This document is currently submitted to the parallel Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN ISO 1461:1999.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/DIS 1461:2007 has been approved by CEN as a prEN ISO 1461:2007 without any
modification.
3
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 1461
ISO/TC 107/SC 4 Secretariat: BSI
Voting begins on: Voting terminates on:
2007-11-15 2008-04-15
INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION • МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯ ПО СТАНДАРТИЗАЦИИ • ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel
articles — Specifications and test methods
Revêtements par galvanisation à chaud sur produits finis ferreux — Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
[Revision of second edition (ISO 1461:1999)]
ICS 25.220.40
ISO/CEN PARALLEL ENQUIRY
The CEN Secretary-General has advised the ISO Secretary-General that this ISO/DIS covers a subject
of interest to European standardization. In accordance with the ISO-lead mode of collaboration as
defined in the Vienna Agreement, consultation on this ISO/DIS has the same effect for CEN
members as would a CEN enquiry on a draft European Standard. Should this draft be accepted, a
final draft, established on the basis of comments received, will be submitted to a parallel two-month FDIS
vote in ISO and formal vote in CEN.
To expedite distribution, this document is circulated as received from the committee secretariat.
ISO Central Secretariat work of editing and text composition will be undertaken at publication
stage.
Pour accélérer la distribution, le présent document est distribué tel qu'il est parvenu du
secrétariat du comité. Le travail de rédaction et de composition de texte sera effectué au
Secrétariat central de l'ISO au stade de publication.
THIS DOCUMENT IS A DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT AND APPROVAL. IT IS THEREFORE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AND MAY NOT BE
REFERRED TO AS AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD UNTIL PUBLISHED AS SUCH.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNOLOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STANDARDS TO
WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION.
©
International Organization for Standardization, 2007
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 1461
PDF disclaimer
This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobe's licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall
not be edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In
downloading this file, parties accept therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobe's licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat
accepts no liability in this area.
Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.
Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file; the PDF-creation
parameters were optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the
unlikely event that a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below.
Copyright notice
This ISO document is a Draft International Standard and is copyright-protected by ISO. Except as permitted
under the applicable laws of the user's country, neither this ISO draft nor any extract from it may be
reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, photocopying,
recording or otherwise, without prior written permission being secured.
Requests for permission to reproduce should be addressed to either ISO at the address below or ISO's
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Reproduction may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement.
Violators may be prosecuted.
©
ii ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 1461
Contents Page
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references.1
3 Term(s) and definition(s) .2
4 General requirements.3
4.1 General.3
4.2 Hot dip galvanizing bath.3
4.3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser .3
4.4 Safety .3
5 Acceptance inspection and sampling .3
6 Coating properties .4
6.1 Appearance .4
6.2 Thickness.5
6.3 Renovation .7
6.4 Adhesion .8
6.5 Acceptance criteria .8
7 Certificate of compliance .8
Annex A (normative) Information to be supplied.9
Annex B (normative) Safety and process requirements . 11
Annex C (informative) Renovation of uncoated or damaged areas. 12
Annex D (informative) Determination of thickness. 13
Annex E (informative) Corrosion resistance of hot dip galvanized coatings. 14
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 1461
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 1461 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 107, Metallic and other inorganic coatings,
Subcommittee SC 4, and by Technical Committee CEN/TC 262, Metallic and other inorganic coatings in
collaboration.
This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (1999). This revision reflects the experience in the
use of ISO 1461 and includes a simplification of procedures and presentation.
iv © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/DIS 1461
Hot dip galvanized coatings on fabricated iron and steel
articles — Specifications and test methods
1 Scope
This standard specifies the general properties of and methods of test for coatings applied by dipping
fabricated iron and steel articles (including certain castings) in a zinc melt (containing not more than 2% of
other metals). It does not apply to:
a) sheet and wire that are continuously hot dip galvanized
b) tube and pipe that is hot dip galvanized in automatic plants
c) hot dip galvanized products (e.g. fasteners) for which specific standards exist and which may include
additional requirements or requirements which are different from those of this European Standard.
NOTE Individual product standards can incorporate this standard for the coating by quoting its number, or may
incorporate it with modification specific to the product. Different requirements may also be made for galvanized coatings
on products intended to meet specific regulatory requirements.
After-treatment/over-coating of hot dip galvanized articles is not covered by this standard.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 752 Zinc ingots.
ISO 1460 Metallic coatings – Hot dip galvanized coatings on ferrous materials — Gravimetric determination of
the mass per unit area
ISO 2064 Metallic and other inorganic coatings — Definitions and conventions concerning the measurement
of thickness.
ISO 2178 Non-magnetic coatings on magnetic substrates — Measurement of coating thickness — Magnetic
method.
ISO 2808 Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness.
ISO 2859 Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes
Part 1: Sampling plans indexed by acceptable quality level (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection.
Part 2: Sampling plans indexed by limiting quality (LQ) for isolated lot inspection
Part 3: Skip-lot sampling procedures.
ISO 3549:1995, Zinc dust pigments for paints — Specifications and test methods.
ISO 10474 Steel and steel products -- Inspection documents.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 1461
EN 1179 Zinc and zinc alloys — Primary zinc.
3 Term(s) and definition(s)
For the purposes of this standard, the definitions given in ISO 2064 and the following apply:
3.1
hot dip galvanizing
formation of a coating of zinc and/or zinc iron alloys on iron and steel products by dipping prepared steel or
cast irons in a zinc melt
3.2
hot dip galvanized coating
coating obtained by hot dip galvanizing
NOTE The term ‘hot dip galvanized coating’ is subsequently referred to as the ‘coating’
3.3
coating mass
total mass of zinc and/or zinc alloys per area of surface
2
NOTE The coating mass is expressed in grams per square metre, g/m .
3.4
coating thickness
total thickness of zinc and /or zinc alloys
NOTE The thickness is expressed in micrometres, mm.
3.5
significant surface
part of the article covered or to be covered by the coating and for which the coating is essential for
serviceability and/or appearance
3.6
control sample
article or group of articles from a lot that is selected for sampling
3.7
reference area
area within which a specific number of single measurements are made
3.8
local coating thickness
mean value of coating thickness obtained from the specific number of measurements within a reference area
for a magnetic test or the single value from a gravimetric test
3.9
mean coating thickness
average value of the local thicknesses either on one large article or on all articles in the control sample
3.10
local coating mass
the value of coating mass obtained from a single gravimetric test
2 © ISO 2007 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 1461
3.11
mean coating mass
average value of the coating masses determined either by using a control sample selected in accordance with
clause 5 using tests in accordance with ISO 1460 or by conversion of the mean coating thickness (see 3.9)
3.12
minimum value
the lowest single measurement in a gravimetric test or the lowest mean obtained from the specified number of
measurements in a magnetic test within a reference area
3.13
inspection lot
single order or single delivery load
3.14
acceptance inspection
inspection of an inspection lot at the hot dip galvanizers works (unless otherwise specified)
3.15
uncoated area
areas on the iron or steel articles that do not react with the molten zinc
3.16
zinc melt
molten mass containing primarily zinc
4 General requirements
4.1 General
This standard sets out requirements for contents of the zinc melt used to apply the galvanized coating to
articles (see 4.2 below). The chemical composition and the surface condition (finish and roughness) of the
basis metal, the mass of the parts and the galvanizing conditions may affect the appearance, the thickness,
texture and physical / mechanical properties of the coating. This Standard does not define any requirements
regarding these points. Guidance on these parameters can be found in ISO 14713-2 [1].
4.2 Hot dip galvanizing bath
The hot dip galvanizing bath shall primarily contain molten zinc. The total of the other elements (as identified
in ISO 752 or EN 1179, excluding tin and iron) in the molten zinc shall not exceed 1,5 % by mass.
4.3 Information to be supplied by the purchaser
The information listed in Annex A (A.1 and A.2) shall be supplied by the purchaser.
4.4 Safety
Venting and draining shall be provided for in accordance with Annex B.
5 Acceptance inspection and sampling
Acceptance inspection can be undertaken by or on behalf of the purchaser and shall be undertaken before the
products leave the hot dip galvanizers custody, unless otherwise specified at the time of ordering by the
purchaser. Acceptance inspection involves the assessment of appearance of the coated product and testing
the zinc coating thickness. Adhesion tests are normally not carried out and are only tested by agreement.
© ISO 2007 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/DIS 1461
If the customer requires, a control sample for thickness testing shall be taken randomly from each inspection
lot (see 3.13) selected for testing. The minimum number of articles from each inspection lot that forms the
control sample shall be in accordance with Table 1.
Table 1 — Control sample size related to lot size
Number of articles in lot Minimum number of articles in
the control sample
1 to 3 All
4 to 500 3
501 to 1,200 5
1,201 to 3,200 8
3,201 to 10,000 13
> 10,000 20
6 Coating properties
6.1 Appearance
At acceptance inspection, the significant surface(s) of all the hot dip galvanize article(s), when first examined
by normal corrected vision from a distance of not less than 1m, shall be free from nodules, blisters (i.e. raised
areas without solid metal beneath), roughness and sharp points (if either can cause injury) and uncoated
areas.
NOTE 1 The primary purpose of the galvanized coating is to protect the underlying iron or steelwork against corrosion.
Considerations related to aesthetics or decorative features should be secondary. Where these secondary features are
also of importance it is highly recommended that the galvanizer and customer agree the standard of finish that is
achievable on the work [in total or in part], given the range of materials used to form the article. This is of particular
importance where the required standard of finish is beyond that set out in this section. It should be noted that ‘roughness’
and ‘smoothness’ are relative terms and the roughness of coatings on articles galvanized after fabrication differs from
mechanically wiped products, such as galvanized sheet, tube and wire. It is not possible to establish a definition of
appearance and finish covering all requirements in practice.
The occurrence of darker or lighter area (e.g. cellular pattern or dark grey areas) or some surface unevenness
shall not be cause for rejection: the development of (white or dark) corrosion products – primarily basic zinc
oxide – formed during storage in humid conditions after hot dip galvanizing) shall not be cause for rejection,
providing the coating thickness remains above the specified minimum value.
Flux residues shall not be permitted. Lumps and zinc ash shall not be permitted where they may affect the
intended use of the hot dip galvanized article or its corrosion resistance requirement (see ISO 14713-1 for
corrosion protection performance data).
NOTE 2 Aesthetic effects [e.g.
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.