SIST EN 71-3:2013
(Main)Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements
Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements
This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for the migration of aluminium, antimony, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium (III), chromium (VI), cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, selenium, strontium, tin, organic tin and zinc from toy materials and from parts of toys. Packaging materials are not considered to be part of the toy unless they have intended play value. The standard contains requirements for the migration of certain elements from the following categories of toy materials: - Category I: Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable materials; - Category II: Liquid or sticky materials; - Category III: Scraped-off materials. The requirements of this standard do not apply to toys or parts of toys which, due to their accessibility, function, volume or mass, clearly exclude any hazard due to sucking, licking or swallowing or prolonged skin contact when the toy or part of toy is used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour of children.
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 3: Migration bestimmter Elemente
Diese Europäische Norm legt Anforderungen an und Prüfverfahren für die Migration der Elemente Aluminium, Antimon, Arsen, Barium, Bor, Cadmium, Chrom(III), Chrom(VI), Cobalt, Kupfer, Blei, Mangan, Quecksilber, Nickel, Selen, Strontium, Zinn, Organozinnverbindungen und Zink aus Spielzeugmaterialien und Spielzeugteilen fest.
Verpackungsmaterialien werden nicht als Teil des Spielzeugs angesehen, es sei denn, sie haben einen beabsichtigten Spielwert.
ANMERKUNG 1 Siehe hierzu Leitlinie Nr 12 der Europäischen Kommission zur Anwendung der Richtlinie über die Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Verpackungen [2].
Diese Norm enthält Anforderungen an die Migration bestimmter Elemente aus den folgenden Kategorien von Spielzeugmaterialien:
- Kategorie I: Trockene, brüchige, staubförmige oder geschmeidige Materialien;
- Kategorie II: Flüssige oder haftende Materialien;
- Kategorie III: Abgeschabte Materialien.
Die Anforderungen dieser Norm gelten nicht für Spielzeug und Spielzeugbestandteile, die bei bestimmungs-gemäßem oder vorhersehbarem Gebrauch und unter Berücksichtigung des Verhaltens von Kindern wegen ihrer/ihres Zugänglichkeit, Funktion, Volumens oder Masse jegliche Gefährdung durch Saugen, Lecken oder Verschlucken oder längeren Hautkontakt eindeutig ausschließen.
ANMERKUNG 2 Für die Zwecke dieser Norm werden die folgenden Kriterien als geeignet angesehen, die Wahrscheinlichkeit von Saugen, Lecken oder Verschlucken von Spielzeug und dessen Teilen und von längerem Hautkontakt zu bestimmen (siehe H.2 und H.3):
- Bei jedem Spielzeug, das dazu bestimmt ist, in oder an den Mund genommen zu werden, sowie bei Kosmetikspielzeug und Schreibgeräten, die als Spielzeug eingestuft sind, kann davon ausgegangen werden, das sie gesaugt, geleckt oder verschluckt werden;
- Bei allen zugänglichen Teilen und Bestandteilen von Spielzeug, das für Kinder bis zu 6 Jahren vorgesehen ist, kann von Mundkontakt ausgegangen werden. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Mundkontakts mit Teilen von Spielzeug, das für ältere Kinder vorgesehen ist, wird in den meisten Fällen als nicht signifikant angesehen (siehe H.2).
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 3: Migration de certains éléments
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences et les méthodes d’essai applicables à la migration de l’aluminium, de l’antimoine, de l’arsenic, du baryum, du bore, du cadmium, du chrome (III), du chrome (VI), du cobalt, du cuivre, du plomb, du manganèse, du mercure, du nickel, du sélénium, du strontium, de l’étain, des composés organostanniques et du zinc à partir des matériaux-jouet et des parties de jouets.
Les matériaux d’emballage ne sont pas considérés comme des parties de jouets sauf s’ils ont une valeur ludique.
NOTE 1 Voir Document d’orientation n° 12 de la Commission Européenne [2] sur l’application de la Directive relative à la sécurité des jouets - Emballage.
La présente norme contient des exigences relatives à la migration de certains éléments à partir des catégories de matériaux-jouet suivantes :
- Catégorie I : matériau-jouet sec, friable, poudreux ou souple ;
- Catégorie II : matériau-jouet liquide ou collant ;
- Catégorie III : matériau-jouet gratté.
Les exigences de la présente norme ne s’appliquent pas aux jouets ou parties de jouets qui, en raison de leur accessibilité, fonction, volume ou masse, excluent manifestement tout danger par succion, léchage, ingestion ou contact prolongé avec la peau. Les usages prévus et prévisibles doivent être pris en compte, en gardant le comportement des enfants à l’esprit.
NOTE 2 Pour les besoins de la présente norme, pour les jouets et parties de jouets suivants, la probabilité de succion, léchage ou ingestion des jouets est considérée significative (voir H.2 et H.3) :
- tous les jouets destinés à être mis dans la bouche ou portés à la bouche, les jouets cosmétiques et les articles d’écriture classés comme jouets peuvent être considérés comme étant sucés, léchés ou ingérés ;
- toutes les parties accessibles et tous les composants de jouets destinés aux enfants jusqu’ à l’âge de 6 ans peuvent être considérés comme entrant en contact avec la bouche. La probabilité de contact oral avec des parties de jouets destinés à des enfants plus âgés n’est pas jugée significative dans la plupart des cas (voir H.2).
Varnost igrač - 3. del: Migracija določenih elementov
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve in preskusne metode za migracijo aluminija, antimona, arzena, barija, bora, kadmija, kroma (III), kroma (VI), kobalta, bakra, svinca, mangana, živega srebra, niklja, selena, stroncija, kositra, organskega kositra in cinka iz materialov igrač in delov igrač. Materiali, ki se uporabljajo za embalažo, se ne upoštevajo kot del igrače, razen če imajo igralni namen. Ta standard vsebuje zahteve za migracijo določenih elementov iz naslednjih kategorij materialov igrač: –Kategorija I: Suhi, lomljivi, prahasti ali prožni materiali; –Kategorija II: Tekoči ali lepljivi materiali; –Kategorija III: Materiali, postrgani s površine igrače. Zahteve za ta standard ne veljajo za igrače ali dele igrač, ki zaradi svoje dostopnosti, funkcije, velikosti ali teže jasno izključujejo nevarnost zaradi sesanja, lizanja ali zaužitja oz. podaljšanega stika s kožo, kadar se igrača ali del igrače uporablja v skladu s predvideno uporabo ali na predvidljiv način, pri čemer je pri tem treba upoštevati vedenje otrok.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 71-3:2013
01-september-2013
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 71-3:1995
SIST EN 71-3:1995/A1:2000
SIST EN 71-3:1995/A1:2000/AC:2002
SIST EN 71-3:1995/AC:2003
9DUQRVWLJUDþGHO 0LJUDFLMDGRORþHQLKHOHPHQWRY
Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements
Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 3: Migration bestimmter Elemente
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 3: Migration de certains éléments
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 71-3:2013
ICS:
97.200.50 ,JUDþH Toys
SIST EN 71-3:2013 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 71-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2013
ICS 97.200.50 Supersedes EN 71-3:1994
English Version
Safety of toys - Part 3: Migration of certain elements
Sécurité des jouets - Partie 3: Migration de certains Sicherheit von Spielzeug - Teil 3: Migration bestimmter
éléments Elemente
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 29 May 2013.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 71-3:2013: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword . 4
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Requirements . 8
4.1 Toy material categories (see H.4) . 8
4.2 Specific requirements . 9
5 Principle. 10
6 Reagents and apparatus . 11
6.1 Reagents . 11
6.2 Apparatus . 11
7 Sampling and sample preparation . 11
7.1 Selection of test portions. 11
7.2 Standards preparation . 12
7.3 Sample preparation . 12
7.3.1 General . 12
7.3.2 Category I: Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable and Category II: Liquid or sticky. 12
7.3.3 Category III: Scraped-off . 12
7.4 Migration procedure . 14
7.4.1 General . 14
7.4.2 Category I: Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable and Category II: Liquid or sticky. 14
7.4.3 Category III: Scraped-off . 15
8 Methods of analysis . 16
9 Calculation of results . 17
9.1 General elements . 17
9.1.1 Calibration curve . 17
9.1.2 Calculation of migration . 17
9.1.3 Interpretation of results . 17
9.2 Chromium (III) and Chromium (VI) . 17
9.2.1 Calibration curve . 17
9.2.2 Calculation of migration . 17
9.2.3 Interpretation of results . 18
9.3 Organic tin . 18
9.3.1 Calibration curves . 18
9.3.2 Calculation of migration of single organic tin compound . 18
9.3.3 Calculation of migration of organic tin. 19
9.3.4 Interpretation of results . 19
10 Test report . 19
Annex A (informative) Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the
previous version . 21
Annex B (informative) Method performance . 22
B.1 Method performance . 22
B.2 Use of measurement uncertainty in compliance assessment . 22
B.3 Information on round robin test . 22
Annex C (normative) Sieve requirements . 24
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EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Annex D (informative) Preparation and analysis of test portion . 25
Annex E (informative) Method of analysis for general elements . 26
E.1 Principle .2 6
E.2 Working solutions .2 6
E.2.1 Working solutions ICP-MS .2 6
E.2.2 Working solutions ICP-OES .2 7
E.3 Procedure .2 8
E.4 Analysis .2 8
E.4.1 General .2 8
E.4.2 Limit of detection and quantification .2 8
Annex F (informative) Methods of analysis for speciation of Chromium (III) and (VI) . 30
F.1 Principle .3 0
F.2 Reagents .3 0
F.3 Apparatus .3 1
F.4 Procedure .3 1
F.5 Analysis .3 2
F.5.1 General .3 2
F.5.2 LC-ICP-MS conditions .3 2
F.5.3 Limit of detection and quantification .3 3
Annex G (informative) Method of analysis for organic tin (see H.10). 34
G.1 Principle .3 4
G.2 Terms and definitions .3 4
G.3 Reagents .3 5
G.4 Apparatus .3 7
G.5 Procedure .3 8
G.5.1 Sample derivatisation.3 8
G.5.2 Calibration standards .3 8
G.6 Analysis .3 8
G.6.1 General .3 8
G.6.2 Example of GC conditions .3 9
G.6.3 Example of MS conditions .3 9
G.6.4 Limit of detection and quantification .3 9
G.6.5 Example of a GC/MS chromatogram .4 1
Annex H (informative) Rationale .4 2
H.1 General .4 2
H.2 Mouthing behaviour of children (Scope) .4 2
H.3 Skin contact (Scope) .4 2
H.4 Toy categories (4.1) .4 3
H.5 Test portions (7.1, 7.3.3.2, 7.3.3.3, 7.3.3.6) .4 3
H.6 Size of test pieces (7.3.3.2, 7.3.3.3, 7.3.3.4) .4 3
H.7 Textile threads .4 3
H.8 Chromium (VI) migration (7.4) .4 3
H.9 Filtration of migration solutions (7.4.2.1, 7.4.2.2, 7.4.3.1, 7.4.3.3, 7.4.3.5) . 44
H.10 Organic tin (9.3) .4 4
H.11 pH value .4 4
Annex I (informative) Conformity assessment .4 5
I.1 General .4 5
I.2 Chromium VI .4 5
Annex J (informative) List of other organic tin compounds .4 6
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC .4 7
Bibliography .4 8
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 71-3:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 52 “Safety of toys”, the
secretariat of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by December 2013.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 71-3:1994.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2009/48/EC.
For relationship with EU Directive 2009/48/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
The significant changes from the previous edition of this standard are detailed in Annex A.
EN 71, Safety of toys, consists of the following parts:
Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties;
Part 2: Flammability;
Part 3: Migration of certain elements;
Part 4: Experimental sets for chemistry and related activities;
Part 5: Chemical toys (sets) other than experimental sets;
Part 7: Finger paints — Requirements and test methods;
Part 8: Activity toys for domestic use;
Part 9: Organic chemical compounds — Requirements;
Part 10: Organic chemical compounds — Sample preparation and extraction;
Part 11: Organic chemical compounds — Methods of analysis;
Part 12: N-Nitrosamines and N-nitrosatable substances;
Part 13: Olfactory board games, gustative board games, cosmetic kits and gustative kits;
Part 14: Trampolines for domestic use.
NOTE 1 In addition to the above parts of EN 71, the following guidance documents have been published: CEN Report,
CR 14379, Classification of toys Guidelines, CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15071, Safety of toys National
4
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EN 71-3:2013 (E)
translations of warnings and instructions for use in EN 71, and CEN Technical Report CEN/TR 15371, Safety of toys
Replies to requests for interpretation of EN 71-1, EN 71-2, and EN 71-8.
NOTE 2 Words in italics are defined in Clause 3 (Terms and definitions).
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
5
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Introduction
The Toy Safety Directive (2009/48/EC) [1] specifies maximum migration limits for three categories of toy
materials. The limits for the migration of certain elements are expressed in milligram per kilogram toy material
and are detailed in Table 2. The purpose of the limits is to minimise children’s exposure to certain potentially
toxic elements.
6
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EN 71-3:2013 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies requirements and test methods for the migration of aluminium, antimony,
arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium (III), chromium (VI), cobalt, copper, lead, manganese, mercury,
nickel, selenium, strontium, tin, organic tin and zinc from toy materials and from parts of toys.
Packaging materials are not considered to be part of the toy unless they have intended play value.
NOTE 1 See guidance document of the European Commission guidance document no. 12 [2] on the application of the
Directive on the safety of toys – packaging.
The standard contains requirements for the migration of certain elements from the following categories of toy
materials:
Category I: Dry, brittle, powder like or pliable materials;
Category II: Liquid or sticky materials;
Category III: Scraped-off materials.
The requirements of this standard do not apply to toys or parts of toys which, due to their accessibility,
function, volume or mass, clearly exclude any hazard due to sucking, licking or swallowing or prolonged skin
contact when the toy or part of toy is used as intended or in a foreseeable way, bearing in mind the behaviour
of children.
NOTE 2 For the purposes of this standard, for the following toys and parts of toys the likelihood of sucking, licking or
swallowing toys is considered significant (see H.2 and H.3):
− All toys intended to be put in the mouth or to the mouth, cosmetics toys and writing instruments categorised as toys
can be considered to be sucked, licked or swallowed;
− All the accessible parts and components of toys intended for children up to 6 years of age can be considered to
come into contact with the mouth. The likelihood of mouth contact with parts of toys intended for older children is not
considered significant in most cases (see H.2).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are referenced in this document and are necessary for its
application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 71-1:2011, Safety of toys — Part 1: Mechanical and physical properties
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
base material
material upon which coatings may be formed or deposited
3.2
coating
layer of material formed or deposited on a base material which can be removed by scraping
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Note 1 to entry: Coatings can include paints, varnishes, lacquers, inks, polymeric coatings or other substances of a
similar nature, whether they contain metallic particles or not, and irrespective of the manner of application.
3.3
limit of detection
minimum single result which, with a stated probability, can be distinguished from a suitable blank value; the
result, c , is given by the formula:
L
c x+⋅ks
L bl bl
where
x is the mean of the blank values, s is the standard deviation of the blank values and
bl
bl
k is a numerical factor chosen according to the confidence level desired
Note 1 to entry: The use of k=3 will usually suffice.
3.4
limit of quantification
lowest amount of analyte in a sample that can be quantitatively determined with a suitable precision and
accuracy
Note 1 to entry: For the purpose of this standard, the limit of quantification is twice the limit of detection.
3.5
other material, whether mass coloured or not
material such as wood, leather or other porous substances which may absorb colouring matter without
forming a coating
3.6
paper
2
sheet formed by irregularly intervened fibres with a mass per unit area of 400 g/m or less
3.7
paper board
2
sheet formed by irregularly intervened fibres with a mass per unit area over 400 g/m
Note 1 to entry: The term paperboard also includes materials commonly referred to as card or cardboard with a mass
2
per unit area over 400 g/m .
3.8
scraping
mechanical removal of coatings down to but not including the base material
3.9
toy material
material present in toys and accessible as determined in accordance with EN 71-1:2011, 8.10
4 Requirements
4.1 Toy material categories (see H.4)
Table 1 shows the categories of common toy materials. Toys not listed in Table 1 shall be classified into one
of the categories.
8
=
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EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Table 1 — Cross-reference table for determining category
Toy Material Category I Category II Category III
Coatings of paints, varnishes, lacquers, printing
X
inks, polymers, foams and similar coatings
Polymeric and similar materials, including
X
laminates, whether textile reinforced or not, but
excluding other textiles
X
Paper and paper board
X
Textiles, whether natural or synthetic
X
Glass, ceramic, metallic materials
Other materials whether mass coloured or not
X
(e.g. wood, fibre board, hard board, bone and
leather)
Compressed paint tablets, materials intended to
leave a trace or similar materials in solid form
X
appearing as such in the toy (e.g. the cores of
colouring pencils, chalk, crayons)
Pliable modelling materials, including modelling
X
clays and plaster [3]
Liquid paints, including finger paints, varnishes,
lacquers, liquid ink in pens and similar materials in
X
liquid form appearing as such in the toy (e.g.,
slimes, bubble solution)
X
Glue sticks
4.2 Specific requirements
The migration of elements from toy materials categorised in accordance with 4.1 shall not exceed the
migration limits given in Table 2 when tested in accordance with Clauses 7 and 8.
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SIST EN 71-3:2013
EN 71-3:2013 (E)
Table 2 — Migration limits from toy materials
Migration limit
Element
Category I Category II Category III
mg/kg mg/kg mg/kg
Aluminium 5 625 1 406 70 000
Antimony 45 11,3 560
Arsenic 3,8 0,9 47
Barium 1 500 375 18 750
Boron 1 200 300 15 000
Cadmium 1,3 0,3 17
Chromium (III) 37,5 9,4 460
Chromium (VI) 0,02 0,005 0,2
Cobalt 10,5 2,6 130
Copper 622,5 156 7 700
Lead 13,5 3,4 160
Manganese 1 200 300 15 000
Mercury 7,5 1,9 94
Nickel 75 18,8 930
Selenium 37,5 9,4 460
Strontium 4 500 1 125 56 000
Tin 15 000 3 750 180 000
Organic tin 0,9 0,2 12
Zinc 3 750 938 46 000
5 Principle
Soluble elements are extracted from toy materials using conditions which simulate the material remaining in
contact with gastric juices for a period of time after swallowing. The concentrations of the soluble elements are
determined quantitatively by three different methods:
method for determining general elements: Aluminium, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium,
Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Lead, Manganese, Mercury, Nickel, Selenium, Strontium, Tin and Zinc;
method for determining Chromium (III) and Chromium (VI);
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EN 71-3:2013 (E)
method for determining organic tin.
6 Reagents and apparatus
6.1 Reagents
All reagents used for analysis shall be of analytical grade or, if unavailable, technical grade reagents which
have been determined to have acceptably low levels of impurity to allow the analysis to be performed.
6.1.1 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = (0,07 ± 0,005) mol/l.
6.1.2 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = (0,14 ± 0,010) mol/l.
6.1.3 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = approximately 1 mol/l.
6.1.4 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = approximately 2 mol/l.
6.1.5 Hydrochloric acid solution, c(HCl) = approximately 6 mol/l.
6.1.6 n-Heptane, (C H ), 99 %.
7 16
6.1.7 Water, of at least grade 3 purity in accordance with EN ISO 3696.
6.2 Apparatus
Standard laboratory equipment and the following shall be used.
6.2.1 Plain weave wire cloth stainless steel sieve, of nominal aperture size 0,5 mm and tolerances as
indicated in Table C.1.
6.2.2 A means to measure the pH, with an accuracy of ± 0,2 pH unit.
6.2.3 Centrifuge, capable of centrifuging at high speed to separate the solids.
6.2.4 A means to agitate the mixture, at a temperature of (37 ± 2) °C.
An orbital or linear shaker, wrist action shaker, shaking water bath or magnetic stirrer can be used. It is
important that the migration solution is in constant motion relative to the sample.
6.2.5 A selection of containers of gross volume, between 1,6 times and 5,0 times that of the volume of
hydrochloric acid extract.
NOTE It is important to be aware the use of borosilicate glass ware may result in high blank values for Boron.
6.2.6 High retention filter-paper, ashless filter paper, particle retention in liquids 2,5 µm.
6.2.7 Membrane filters with pore sizes of 0.45, 0.22 and 0.02 µm.
7 Sampling and sample preparation
7.1 Selection of test portions
A laboratory sample for testing shall consist of one toy in the form in which it will be marketed. Test portions
shall be taken from toy materials of the single toy sample. Identical materials in the toy may be combined and
treated as a single test portion but addition
...
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