SIST-TS ISO/TS 19159-2:2017
Geographic information -- Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data -- Part 2: Lidar
Geographic information -- Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data -- Part 2: Lidar
ISO/TS 19159-2:2016 defines the data capture method, the relationships between the coordinate reference systems and their parameters, as well as the calibration of airborne lidar (light detection and ranging) sensors.
ISO/TS 19159-2:2016 also standardizes the service metadata for the data capture method, the relationships between the coordinate reference systems and their parameters and the calibration procedures of airborne lidar systems as well as the associated data types and code lists that have not been defined in other ISO geographic information international standards.
Information géographique Calibration et validation de capteurs de télédétection -- Partie 2: Lidar
Geografske informacije - Kalibracija in validacija oddaljenih posnetkov senzorjev zaznavanja in podatkov - 2. del: Lidar
Ta del standarda ISO/TS 19159 določa metodo zajemanja podatkov, razmerje med koordinatnimi referenčnimi sistemi in njihovimi parametri ter kalibracijo senzorjev lidar v zraku (zaznavanje svetlobe in oddaljenosti).
Ta del standarda ISO/TS 19159 standardizira tudi metapodatke storitve za metodo zajemanja podatkov, razmerje med koordinatnimi referenčnimi sistemi in njihovimi parametri ter postopke kalibracije senzorjev lidar v zraku, kot tudi povezanih vrst podatkov in seznamov kod, ki niso opredeljeni v drugih mednarodnih standardih ISO glede geografskih informacij.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-junij-2017
Geografske informacije - Kalibracija in validacija oddaljenih posnetkov senzorjev
zaznavanja in podatkov - 2. del: Lidar
Geographic information -- Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors
and data -- Part 2: Lidar
Information géographique Calibration et validation de capteurs de télédétection -- Partie
2: Lidar
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO/TS 19159-2:2016
ICS:
07.040 Astronomija. Geodezija. Astronomy. Geodesy.
Geografija Geography
35.240.70 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in science
znanosti
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19159-2
First edition
2016-04-15
Geographic information — Calibration
and validation of remote sensing
imagery sensors and data —
Part 2:
Lidar
Information géographique – Calibration et validation de capteurs de
télédétection —
Partie 2: Lidar
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Conformance . 1
3 Normative references . 1
4 Terms and definitions . 1
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 9
5.1 Abbreviated terms . 9
5.2 Symbols .10
5.3 Conventions .10
6 Calibration .10
6.1 Project .10
6.2 Coordinate Reference Systems .11
6.2.1 General.11
6.2.2 Sensor frame – s .13
6.2.3 Body frame – b .13
6.2.4 Earth-centred, earth-fixed – e .14
6.2.5 Mapping frame – m .16
6.3 Transformations .16
6.3.1 General.16
6.3.2 Airborne laser scanner observation equation .17
6.3.3 Strip adjustment . .18
6.4 Intensity .18
6.5 Error model.18
6.5.1 General.18
6.5.2 Trajectory positioning and orientation .19
6.5.3 Boresight error and misalignment matrix .19
6.5.4 Lever-arm . .20
6.5.5 Scanner .20
6.5.6 Scanner assembly error .20
6.6 In-flight calibration .20
6.7 Residual strip errors .22
6.8 Validation .22
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite .23
Annex B (normative) Data dictionary .25
Annex C (informative) Rotations .30
Bibliography .32
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 211 Geographic information/Geomatics.
ISO/TS 19159 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geographic information —
Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data:
— Part 1: Optical sensors [Technical Specification]
— Part 2: Lidar [Technical Specification]
The following parts are planned:
— Part 3: SAR/InSAR
— Part 4: SONAR
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Imaging sensors are one of the major data sources for geographic information. The image data capture
spatial and spectral measurements are applied for numerous applications ranging from road/town
planning to geological mapping. Typical spatial outcomes of the production process are vector maps,
Digital Elevation Models, and 3-dimensional city models. There are typically two streams of spectral
analysis data, i.e. the statistical method, which includes image segmentation and the physics-based
method which relies on characterisation of specific spectral absorption features.
In each of the cases the quality of the end products fully depends on the quality of the measuring
instruments that has originally sensed the data. The quality of measuring instruments is determined
and documented by calibration.
A calibration is often a costly and time consuming process. Therefore, a number of different strategies
are in place that combine longer time intervals between subsequent calibrations with simplified
intermediate calibration procedures that bridge the time gap and still guarantee a traceable level of
quality. Those intermediate calibrations are called validations in this part of ISO/TS 19159.
The ISO 19159 series standardizes the calibration of remote sensing imagery sensors and the validation
of the calibration information and procedures. It does not address the validation of the data and the
derived products.
Many types of imagery sensors exist for remote sensing tasks. Apart from the different technologies the
need for a standardization of the various sensor types has different levels of priority. In order to meet
those requirements, the ISO 19159 series has been split into more than one part.
This part of ISO/TS 19159 covers the airborne land lidar sensor (light detection and ranging). It includes
the data capture and the calibration. The result of a lidar data capture is a lidar cloud according to the
ISO 19156:2011. The bathymetric lidar is not included in the ISO 19159 series.
ISO 19159-3 and ISO 19159-4 are planned to cover RADAR (Radio detection and ranging) with the
subtopics SAR (Synthetic Aperture RADAR) and InSAR (Interferometric SAR) as well as SONAR (Sound
detection and ranging) that is applied in hydrography.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19159-2:2016(E)
Geographic information — Calibration and validation of
remote sensing imagery sensors and data —
Part 2:
Lidar
1 Scope
This part of ISO/TS 19159 defines the data capture method, the relationships between the coordinate
reference systems and their parameters, as well as the calibration of airborne lidar (light detection and
ranging) sensors.
This part of ISO/TS 19159 also standardizes the service metadata for the data capture
...
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 19159-2
First edition
2016-04-15
Geographic information — Calibration
and validation of remote sensing
imagery sensors and data —
Part 2:
Lidar
Information géographique – Calibration et validation de capteurs de
télédétection —
Partie 2: Lidar
Reference number
©
ISO 2016
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Conformance . 1
3 Normative references . 1
4 Terms and definitions . 1
5 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 9
5.1 Abbreviated terms . 9
5.2 Symbols .10
5.3 Conventions .10
6 Calibration .10
6.1 Project .10
6.2 Coordinate Reference Systems .11
6.2.1 General.11
6.2.2 Sensor frame – s .13
6.2.3 Body frame – b .13
6.2.4 Earth-centred, earth-fixed – e .14
6.2.5 Mapping frame – m .16
6.3 Transformations .16
6.3.1 General.16
6.3.2 Airborne laser scanner observation equation .17
6.3.3 Strip adjustment . .18
6.4 Intensity .18
6.5 Error model.18
6.5.1 General.18
6.5.2 Trajectory positioning and orientation .19
6.5.3 Boresight error and misalignment matrix .19
6.5.4 Lever-arm . .20
6.5.5 Scanner .20
6.5.6 Scanner assembly error .20
6.6 In-flight calibration .20
6.7 Residual strip errors .22
6.8 Validation .22
Annex A (normative) Abstract test suite .23
Annex B (normative) Data dictionary .25
Annex C (informative) Rotations .30
Bibliography .32
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 211 Geographic information/Geomatics.
ISO/TS 19159 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geographic information —
Calibration and validation of remote sensing imagery sensors and data:
— Part 1: Optical sensors [Technical Specification]
— Part 2: Lidar [Technical Specification]
The following parts are planned:
— Part 3: SAR/InSAR
— Part 4: SONAR
iv © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
Introduction
Imaging sensors are one of the major data sources for geographic information. The image data capture
spatial and spectral measurements are applied for numerous applications ranging from road/town
planning to geological mapping. Typical spatial outcomes of the production process are vector maps,
Digital Elevation Models, and 3-dimensional city models. There are typically two streams of spectral
analysis data, i.e. the statistical method, which includes image segmentation and the physics-based
method which relies on characterisation of specific spectral absorption features.
In each of the cases the quality of the end products fully depends on the quality of the measuring
instruments that has originally sensed the data. The quality of measuring instruments is determined
and documented by calibration.
A calibration is often a costly and time consuming process. Therefore, a number of different strategies
are in place that combine longer time intervals between subsequent calibrations with simplified
intermediate calibration procedures that bridge the time gap and still guarantee a traceable level of
quality. Those intermediate calibrations are called validations in this part of ISO/TS 19159.
The ISO 19159 series standardizes the calibration of remote sensing imagery sensors and the validation
of the calibration information and procedures. It does not address the validation of the data and the
derived products.
Many types of imagery sensors exist for remote sensing tasks. Apart from the different technologies the
need for a standardization of the various sensor types has different levels of priority. In order to meet
those requirements, the ISO 19159 series has been split into more than one part.
This part of ISO/TS 19159 covers the airborne land lidar sensor (light detection and ranging). It includes
the data capture and the calibration. The result of a lidar data capture is a lidar cloud according to the
ISO 19156:2011. The bathymetric lidar is not included in the ISO 19159 series.
ISO 19159-3 and ISO 19159-4 are planned to cover RADAR (Radio detection and ranging) with the
subtopics SAR (Synthetic Aperture RADAR) and InSAR (Interferometric SAR) as well as SONAR (Sound
detection and ranging) that is applied in hydrography.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 19159-2:2016(E)
Geographic information — Calibration and validation of
remote sensing imagery sensors and data —
Part 2:
Lidar
1 Scope
This part of ISO/TS 19159 defines the data capture method, the relationships between the coordinate
reference systems and their parameters, as well as the calibration of airborne lidar (light detection and
ranging) sensors.
This part of ISO/TS 19159 also standardizes the service metadata for the data capture method, the
relationships between the coordinate reference systems and their parameters and the calibration
procedures of airborne lidar systems as well as the associated data types and code lists that have not
been defined in other ISO geographic information international standards.
2 Conformance
This part of ISO/TS 19159 standardizes the metadata for the data recording and the calibration
procedures of airborne lidar systems as well as the associated data types and code lists. Therefore
conformance depends on the type of entity declaring conformance.
Mechanisms for the transfer of data are conformant to this part of ISO/TS 19159 if they can be
considered to consist of transfer record and type definitions that implement or extend a consistent
subset of the object types described within this part of ISO/TS 19159.
Details of the conformance classes are given in the Abstract test suite in Annex A.
3 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest
...
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