SIST EN 14227-11:2006
(Main)Hydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 11: Soil treated by lime
Hydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 11: Soil treated by lime
This European Standard applies to the treatment with lime of natural soils and other materials for roads, airfields and other trafficked areas and specifies the requirements for their constituents, composition and laboratory performance classification.
Two types of treatment are covered, improvement and stabilization.
This European Standard relates only to lime-treated layers for trafficked areas (as opposed to lime columns or piles for example) but can be used for other civil engineering purposes although additional requirements might be necessary to complement or replace those required by this European Standard.
Hydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Anforderungen - Teil 11: Bodenverbesserung mit Kalk
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für Behandlungen von natürlichen Böden und sonstigen Baustoffen, die für den
Bau von Straßen, Flugplätzen und sonstigen Verkehrsflächen verwendet werden, mit Kalk und legt die
Anforderungen an ihre Bestandteile und Zusammensetzung sowie die Klassifizierung des im Labor
bestimmten Gebrauchsverhaltens fest.
Es werden zwei Arten von Behandlungen abgedeckt: Verbesserung und Stabilisierung.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für kalkbehandelte Schichten von Verkehrsflächen (im Gegensatz zu z. B.
Kalksäulen oder -pfählen). Sie kann jedoch auch für andere bautechnische Zwecke verwendet werden, wobei
in diesem Falle in Ergänzung oder anstelle der Anforderungen dieser Europäischen Norm weitere Anforde-rungen
erforderlich sein könnten.
Mélanges traités aux liants hydrauliques - Spécifications - Partie 11: Sol traité a la chaux
Cette Norme européenne concerne le traitement a la chaux des sols naturels et autres matériaux pour les
routes, les terrains d’aviation et autres zones de circulation, et précise les exigences relatives a leurs
constituants, a leur composition et a leur classification selon les performances mesurées en laboratoire.
Deux types de traitement sont abordés, l’amélioration et la stabilisation.
La présente Norme européenne concerne uniquement les couches traitées a la chaux pour les zones de
circulation (par opposition aux pieux ou aux colonnes de chaux, par exemple), mais peut servir a d’autres
applications dans le domaine du génie civil, auquel cas des exigences supplémentaires peuvent etre
nécessaires pour compléter ou remplacer celles qui sont requises par la présente Norme européenne.
Hidravlično vezane zmesi - Specifikacije - 11. del: Izboljšanje zemljin z apnom
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Hydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 11: Soil treated by limeMélanges traités aux liants hydrauliques - Spécifications - Partie 11: Sol traité a la chauxHydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Anforderungen - Teil 11: Bodenverbesserung mit KalkTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14227-11:2006SIST EN 14227-11:2006en93.080.20ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14227-11:200601-julij-2006
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14227-11May 2006ICS 93.080.20 English VersionHydraulically bound mixtures - Specifications - Part 11: Soiltreated by limeMélanges traités aux liants hydrauliques - Spécifications -Partie 11: Sol traité à la chauxHydraulisch gebundene Gemische - Anforderungen - Teil11: Bodenverbesserung mit KalkThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 3 February 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14227-11:2006: E
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 1 Scope.5 2 Normative references.5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Constituents.6 4.1 Lime.6 4.1.1 Quick lime.6 4.1.2 Hydrated lime.7 4.2 Water.7 4.3 Soil.7 4.3.1 Soil for improvement by lime.7 4.3.2 Soil for stabilization by lime.7 5 Laboratory performance for soil improved by lime.7 5.1 General.7 5.2 Immediate bearing index.7 5.3 Moisture condition value.8 5.4 Degree of compaction.8 5.5 Swelling.8 6 Laboratory performance for soil stabilized by lime.9 6.1 Degree of pulverization.9 6.2 Water content.9 6.3 Immediate bearing index.9 6.4 Moisture condition value.10 6.5 Mechanical performance.10 6.5.1 General.10 6.5.2 California bearing ratio.10 6.5.3 Compressive strength.11 6.6 Swelling.11 6.6.1 General.11 6.7 Frost resistance.12 7 Production control.12 8 Designation and description.12 9 Marking and labelling.13 Annex A (informative)
Grading and plasticity guidance for soil for stabilization.14 Annex B (informative)
Production control for hydraulically treated mixtures.15 B.1 General.15 B.2 Quality Manual.15 B.3 Organization.15 B.3.1 Responsibility and authority.15 B.3.2 Management representative.15 B.3.3 Internal audits.16 B.3.4 Management review.16 B.3.5 Sub-contract services.16 B.3.6 Records.16 B.3.7 Training.16 B.4 Control procedures.16
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 3 B.4.1 Production management.16 B.4.2 Composition of the mixture.17 B.4.3 Constituents.17 B.4.4 Process control.17 B.4.5 Inspection, calibration and control of process equipment.18 B.4.6 Handling and delivery.18 B.5 Inspection and testing of constituents and mixtures during production.18 B.5.1 General.18 B.5.2 Characteristics that require control during production.18 B.5.3 Frequency of sampling the mixture.19 B.6 Inspection and testing equipment.19 B.6.1 General.19 B.6.2 Measuring and testing equipment.19 B.6.3 Measuring and testing equipment in the process.19 B.6.4 Measuring and testing equipment in laboratory.20 B.7 Non-conformity.20 B.7.1 General.20 B.7.2 Non-conformity of constituents.20 B.7.3 Non-conformity of the mixture.20
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 4 Foreword This European Standard (EN 14227-11:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2006. This European Standard is one of a series of standards for hydraulically bound mixtures: EN 14227-1, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 1: Cement bound granular mixtures. EN 14227-2, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 2: Slag bound mixtures. EN 14227-3, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 3: Fly ash bound mixtures. EN 14227-4, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 4: Fly ash for hydraulically bound mixtures. EN 14227-5, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 5: Hydraulic road binder bound mixtures. EN 14227-10, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 10: Soil treated by cement. EN 14227-11, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 11: Soil treated by lime. EN 14227-12, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 12: Soil treated by slag. EN 14227-13, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 13: Soil treated by hydraulic road binder. EN 14227-14, Hydraulically bound mixtures — Specifications — Part 14: Soil treated by fly ash. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard applies to the treatment with lime of natural soils and other materials for roads, airfields and other trafficked areas and specifies the requirements for their constituents, composition and laboratory performance classification. Two types of treatment are covered, improvement and stabilization. This European Standard relates only to lime-treated layers for trafficked areas (as opposed to lime columns or piles for example) but can be used for other civil engineering purposes although additional requirements might be necessary to complement or replace those required by this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 459-1, Building lime — Part 1: Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria EN 459-2, Building lime — Part 2: Test methods EN 13286-2, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 2: Test methods for the determination of the laboratory reference density and water content — Proctor compaction EN 13286-41, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 41: Test method for the determination of the compressive strength of hydraulically bound mixtures EN 13286-46, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 46: Test method for the determination of the moisture condition value EN 13286-47, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 47: Test method for the determination of theCalifornia bearing ratio, immediate bearing index and linear swelling EN 13286-48, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 48: Test method for the determination of the degree of pulverisation EN 13286-49, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 49: Accelerated swelling test for soil treated by lime and/or hydraulic binder EN 13286-50, Unbound and hydraulically bound mixtures — Part 50: Method for the manufacture of test specimens of hydraulically bound mixtures using Proctor equipment or vibrating table compaction 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 lime air lime 3.2 soil natural, artificial or recycled material or any combination of these
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 6 3.3 soil treated by lime mixture resulting from the addition of lime to a soil in order that it can fulfil its intended purpose NOTE Treatment encompasses both improvement and stabilization. 3.4 soil improved by lime mixture resulting from the treatment of a soil with lime which improves immediate performance by, for example, either a reduction in moisture content, and/or enhancement of bearing capacity, and/or reduction in plasticity, to enable the soil to provide one or more of the following: ability to be handled by conventional earthmoving equipment; ability to be satisfactorily compacted in layers; ability to be trafficked and provide a working platform for the superimposed layer; preparation of a soil for the subsequent treatment by slag, fly ash, cement, hydraulic road binder or other product 3.5 soil stabilized by lime mixture resulting from the treatment of a soil with lime that significantly enhances, generally in the medium to long-term, its mechanical performance and stability, particularly with respect to the action of water and frost 4 Constituents 4.1 Lime Lime shall be quick lime or hydrated lime. NOTE Hydrated lime may be used dry or in slurry form. 4.1.1 Quick lime Quick lime shall conform to EN 459-1, class CL 90 or CL 80, and the following. When tested in accordance with EN 459-2, the particle size of the quick lime shall conform to the selected category from Table 1. Table 1 — Particle size categories for quick lime Sieve size mm Category 1 Category 2 10 100 100 5 100 ≥ 95 2 ≥ 95 — 0,2 ≥ 70 — 0,09 ≥ 50 —
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 7 When tested in accordance with the reactivity test in EN 459-2, the quick lime shall attain a temperature of 60 °C within 25 min. NOTE 1 In the case of quick limes containing material greater than 2 mm in size, the proportion retained on the 2 mm sieve should be ground down to finer than 2 mm for inclusion in the test. The mixing process shall ensure that full slaking of the quick lime occurs prior to final compaction. NOTE 2 In the case of category 1 particle size and provided sufficient water is present, full slaking is normally possible after just one mixing stage. In the case of category 2, full slaking, again provided sufficient water is present, may require 2 or more mixing stages separated by a period of at least 24 h. 4.1.2 Hydrated lime Hydrated lime shall conform to EN 459-1, class CL 90 or CL 80. 4.2 Water The water used shall not adversely affect the performance of the mixture. 4.3 Soil 4.3.1 Soil for improvement by lime The soil shall be suitable for treatment using common processes and equipment. NOTE There are no physical requirements for soil prior to improvement other than the practical limits set by the capabilities of the mixer for the improvement operation, although the presence of sulfates or other substances with the potential for disruption by swelling may require investigation using testing in accordance with this European Standard. 4.3.2 Soil for stabilization by lime The soil shall not contain sulfates or other potentially disruptive material that, after lime addition, result in swelling of the mixture in excess of that allowed by Clause 6. NOTE 1 There are no absolute requirements for the grading or plasticity of soil prior to stabilization but guidance is given in Annex A. NOTE 2 Laboratory mixture design work will determine whether soil containing organic matter can be accommodated. The amount of organic matter that can be accommodated depends on its type. 5 Laboratory performance for soil improved by lime 5.1 General Soil improved by lime shall conform to one of the categories in either 5.2, 5.3 or 5.4 for immediate bearing index, moisture condition value and degree of compaction respectively. 5.2 Immediate bearing index When required, the immediate bearing index of the mixture at the declared water content shall conform to one of the classes in Table 2 observing the following testing procedure. After mixing, the mixture shall be stored in bags in a sealed condition for 60 min. The specimen(s) shall then be manufactured and the determination of the index carried out immediately or no later than 90 min after mixing.
EN 14227-11:2006 (E) 8 Table 2 — Immediate bearing index Immediate bearing index Category >
5 IPI5 > 7 IPI7 > 10 IPI10 > 15 IPI15 > 20 IPI20 > 25 IPI25 Declared value IPIDV
5.3 Moisture condition value The moisture condition value of the mixture, determined in accordance with EN 13286-46, shall conform to the selected category from Table 3. Table 3 — Moisture condition value Moisture condition value Category 8 minimum, 12 maximum MCV8/12 Declared values MCVDV
NOTE The moisture condition value test is particularly suitable for cohesive soils. 5.4 Degree of compaction The degree of compaction of the mixture shall conform to the selected category from Table 4. Table 4 — Degree of compaction The ratio in % of the in situ dry density to the Proctor (see NOTE) dry density determined in accordance with EN 13286-2 Category > 95 DC95 > 97 DC97 Declared value DCDV
NOTE Proctor refers to an energy level of approximately 0,6 MJ/m3 conforming to EN 13286-2. 5.5 Swelling Depending on the application
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