SIST EN 13748-1:2004
(Main)Terrazzo tiles - Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal use
Terrazzo tiles - Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal use
This European Standard specifies materials, properties and methods of testing for unreinforced cement-bound terrazzo tiles which are factory made and sold ready to be placed.
The tiles are intended for internal use.
Terrazzoplatten - Teil 1: Terrazzoplatten für die Verwendung im Innenbereich
Diese Europäische Norm legt Materialien, Eigenschaften und Prüfverfahren für unbewehrte zementgebundene Terrazzoplatten fest, die werkmäßig hergestellt werden und verlegefertig sind.
Diese Platten sind für die Verwendung im Innenbereich vorgesehen.
Carreaux de mosaique de marbre - Partie 1: Carreaux de mosaique de marbre a usage intérieur
La présente norme spécifie les matériaux, les propriétés et les méthodes d'essai relatifs aux carreaux de mosaique de marbre a liant ciment, non armés, fabriqués en usine et prets a etre posés.
Les carreaux sont prévus pour un usage intérieur.
Teraco plošče – 1. del. Teraco plošče za notranjo rabo
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Terrazzo tiles - Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal useCarreaux de mosaique de marbre - Partie 1: Carreaux de mosaique de marbre a usage intérieurTerrazzoplatten - Teil 1: Terrazzoplatten für die Verwendung im Innenbereich91.100.30Beton in betonski izdelkiConcrete and concrete productsICS:SIST EN 13748-1:2004enTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13748-1:200401-april-2004SIST EN 13748-1:2004SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13748-1February 2004ICS 91.100.30English versionTerrazzo tiles - Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal useCarreaux de mosaïque de marbre - Partie 1: Carreaux demosaïque de marbre à usage intérieurTerrazzoplatten - Teil 1: Terrazzoplatten für dieVerwendung im InnenbereichThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 December 2003.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13748-1:2004: E
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)2ContentspageForeword.41Scope.52Normative references.53Terms and definitions.54Requirements.64.1Materials.74.1.1General.74.1.2Cement.74.1.3Aggregates.74.1.4Mixing water.74.1.5Admixtures.74.1.6Additions (including mineral fillers, pigments and polymers).74.2Finished product requirements.74.2.1General.74.2.2Geometrical requirements.74.2.3Surface characteristics and appearance.84.2.4Mechanical strength.94.2.5Slip resistance.94.2.6Water absorption.94.2.7Reaction to fire.104.2.8Thermal conductivity.105Physical test methods.105.1Sampling plan and compliance criteria.105.2Dimensional deviations.105.2.1Apparatus.105.2.2Procedure.115.3Straightness of edges.115.3.1Measuring device.115.3.2Testing method.115.4Flatness of the upper face.115.4.1Measuring device.115.4.2Testing method.115.5Breaking strength and breaking load.125.5.1Apparatus.125.5.2Preparation.125.5.3Procedure.125.5.4Testing of non-rectangular tiles.135.5.5Calculation of results.135.5.6Test report.135.6Abrasion resistance.135.6.1The wide wheel abrasion test.135.6.2Böhme test method.195.7Slip resistance: Method for the determination of unpolished slip resistance value (USRV).225.7.1Principle.225.7.2Apparatus.225.7.3Calibration.265.7.4Sampling.265.7.5Procedure.275.7.6Calculation of unpolished slip resistance value USRV.275.7.7Test report.275.8Water absorption.27
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)35.8.1Objective.275.8.2Principle.275.8.3Sampling.285.8.4Apparatus and materials.285.8.5Preparation of the test specimens.285.8.6Procedure.285.8.7Calculation of the results.285.8.8Test report.296Evaluation of conformity and compliance criteria.296.1General.296.2Type testing of the tiles.306.2.1Age for type testing.306.2.2Initial type testing.306.2.3Further type testing.306.3Factory production control.307Marking and labelling.31Annex ZA (informative)
Clauses of this European Standard addressing the provisions of the EUConstruction Products Directive.32ZA.1Scope and relevant characteristics.32ZA.2Procedure for attestation of conformity.33ZA.2.1System of attestation of conformity.33ZA.2.2Declaration of conformity.33ZA.3CE marking and labelling.34
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)4ForewordThis document (EN 13748-1:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 229 “Precast concreteproducts”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by November 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby November 2005.This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the EuropeanFree Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.EN 13748 consists of the following parts, under the general title "Terrazzo tiles":¾ Part 1: Terrazzo tiles for internal use¾ Part 2: Terrazzo tiles for external useAccording to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark,Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)51 ScopeThis European Standard specifies materials, properties and methods of testing for unreinforced cement-boundterrazzo tiles which are factory made and sold ready to be placed.The tiles are intended for internal use.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 197-1, Cement — Part 1: Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements.EN 450, Fly ash for concrete — Definitions, requirements and quality control.EN 934-2, Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout — Part 2: Concrete admixtures — Definitions, requirements,conformity, marking and labelling.EN 10083-2, Quenched and tempered steels — Part 2: Technical delivery conditions for unalloyed quality steels.EN 12620, Aggregates for concrete.EN 13369:2001, Common rules for precast concrete products.EN ISO 4288, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Surface texture: Profile method — Rules andprocedures for the assessment of surface texture (ISO 4288:1996).EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:1999).ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and100 IRHD).ISO 4662, Rubber — Determination of rebound resilience of vulcanizates.ISO 7619, Rubber — Determination of indentation hardness by means of pocket hardness meters.ISO 8486-1, Bounded abrasives — Determination and designation of grain size distribution — Part 1: MacrogritsF4 to F220.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1terrazzo tilessuitably compacted elements of uniform shape and thickness, which are compliant with this standard. The tiles canbe single – or dual – layeredThey are either individually produced by compression and/or vibration, or cast as large cement-bound mineralaggregate sheets or blocks by means of vibration and/or compression and/or vacuum, before being cut to size.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)63.2single-layered terrazzo tilesterrazzo tiles made in a single homogeneous layer of granules or chippings of a suitable aggregate embedded in apaste of grey or white cement and water. Admixtures and additions can be used3.3dual-layered terrazzo tilesterrazzo tiles made up of a facing or wear layer whose composition is similar to single-layered terrazzo tiles and asecond layer known as backing or base concrete layer whose surface is not exposed during normal use and whichin the case of a calibrated tile will be partially removed by specialised processing3.4work dimensionany dimension of a terrazzo tile specified for its manufacture to which the actual dimension should conform withinspecified permissible deviations3.5actual dimensiondimension of a terrazzo tile as measured3.6formatthe dimensions of a terrazzo tile as specified in commercial terms, mostly in rounded figures3.7thicknessdistance between the upper face and the bed face of the terrazzo tile3.8upper facesurface intended to be seen when in use3.9bed facesurface generally parallel to the upper face and in contact with the bedding after laying3.10facing layerlayer of concrete on the face of a tile of materials and/or properties different to the main body or backing layer of aterrazzo tile3.11slip resistanceproperty of the surface to maintain the adherence of a pedestrian foot3.12declared valuevalue for a requirement as declared by the manufacturer, taking into account the accuracy of the test and thevariability of the manufacturing process3.13textured upper facenot flat upper face, with a regular texture pattern4 RequirementsNOTEThis standard applies to ex-factory products and does not take into account the laying of the product.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)74.1 Materials4.1.1 GeneralOnly materials with established suitability shall be used.The suitability requirements of the materials used shall be given in the manufacturer’s production controldocumentation.The suitability of materials shall be established in terms of their properties and performance.Where, by conformity with relevant specifications, the properties and performance of materials have beendemonstrated, further testing need not be performed.4.1.2 CementEN 197-1 applies. The suitability of cement shall be established in accordance with 4.1.1.4.1.3 AggregatesEN 12620 applies. Natural stone or other aggregates may be used
provided that their suitability has beenassessed according to 4.1.1.4.1.4 Mixing waterThe suitability of mixing water shall be established in accordance with 4.1.1.In general in Europe, water from the public supply is suitable.4.1.5 AdmixturesEN 934-2 applies. The suitability of admixtures shall be established in accordance with 4.1.1.4.1.6 Additions (including mineral fillers, pigments and polymers)Where applicable, fly ash shall conform to EN 450. The suitability of the other additions shall be established inaccordance with 4.1.1.4.2 Finished product requirements4.2.1 GeneralWhen tested in accordance with the methods described in clause 5, the tiles shall comply with the followingrequirements at the minimum age of 28 days or at the age declared suitable for use by the manufacturer if earlier.4.2.2 Geometrical requirements4.2.2.1 GeneralThe work dimensions of the tiles shall be specified by the manufacturer.4.2.2.2 ThicknessThickness class I (Th I): The thickness of the facing layer of the manufactured tile shall be at least 4 mm for aproduct that will not be ground after laying.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)8Thickness class II (Th II): The thickness of the facing layer of the manufactured tile shall be at least 8 mm for aproduct that will be ground after laying.Isolated particles of aggregates protruding into the facing material shall be ignored. No thickness requirements areapplicable to single layered tiles.4.2.2.3 Dimensional deviationsIndividual tiles when tested in accordance with 5.2 shall conform to the manufacturer’s declared work dimensionswithin the permissible deviations. These deviations of the actual dimensions from the declared work dimensionsshall be in accordance with Table 1.Table 1 — Deviation of actual dimensionsDimensionToleranceEdge length± 0,3 %Thickness of the tile± 2 mm (for a thickness < 40 mm)± 3 mm (for a thickness ³ 40 mm)The difference between any two measurements of the thickness of a single tile shall be £ 3 mm.Tiles specified as calibrated shall have a tolerance on thickness of ± 1 mm.4.2.2.4 Shape tolerances4.2.2.4.1 GeneralThe format of the terrazzo tiles shall be specified by the manufacturer, including at least the length, the width andthe thickness. For non-square or non-rectangular tiles, the manufacturer shall also specify all the work dimensionsthat are required to define the tile.4.2.2.4.2 Straightness of edges of the upper faceWhen measured in accordance with 5.3, the maximum discrepancy between the edge and the ruler shall notexceed ± 0,3 % of the length of the considered edge.4.2.2.4.3 Flatness of the upper faceWhen measured in accordance with 5.4, no point shall deviate from the surface by more than 0,3 % of the length ofthe considered diagonal. This does not apply to textured upper faces.4.2.3 Surface characteristics and appearanceIn natural daylight and dry condition, no projections, depressions, flakes or crazes shall be visible from a distanceof 2 m.Permanent filling of minor voids is allowed.Colourings, where applied, shall be provided in a facing layer or throughout the tile. Slight variations in the colourconsistency between batches of tiles can be caused by unavoidable variations in the shade and properties ofcement and aggregates, by the manufacturing process or by time. The manufacturer shall define what he considersas a batch.NOTESpecial attention should be given to correct storage of the tiles before placing them into the works.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)94.2.4 Mechanical strength4.2.4.1 Breaking strengthThe breaking strength shall be tested in accordance with 5.5.4.2.4.2 Breaking strength requirementsThe breaking strength is deemed sufficient when the tiles comply with the following requirements when tested inaccordance with 5.5:¾ the mean breaking strength of four specimens shall be more than or equal to 5,00 MPa; and¾ no individual result of the failure stress shall be lower than 4,00 MPa.4.2.4.3 Breaking load requirementsWhen tested in accordance with the test method described in 5.5, the tiles shall comply with the followingrequirements:¾ no individual result shall be less than 2,5 kN for tiles with a surface area less than or equal to 1 100 cm2;¾ no individual result shall be less than 3,0 kN for tiles with a surface area of more than 1 100 cm2.4.2.4.4 AbrasionAbrasion shall be verified in accordance with the wide wheel test method described in 5.6.1 (modified Capon test)which is the reference test; alternatively, the Böhme test method described in 5.6.2 may be used. The abrasionrequirement is assumed satisfied :¾ if no individual test result exceeds 25 mm, when tested in accordance with the wide wheel test (see 5.6.1,modified Capon test);¾ if no individual test result exceeds 30 cm3/50 cm2, when tested in accordance with the Böhme test (see 5.6.2).4.2.5 Slip resistanceUsed in the conditions they are intended for (in a dry state), terrazzo tiles for internal use have satisfactory slipresistance.If in an exceptional case the unpolished slip/skid resistance value (USRV) is required, the product shall be testedaccording to 5.7 and the result declared.NOTE The slip/skid resistance value relates to the tile as manufactured.4.2.6 Water absorption4.2.6.1 GeneralThe water absorption shall be verified by testing in accordance with 5.8.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)104.2.6.2 Water absorption requirementsThe water absorption is assumed acceptable when both the following requirements are met:¾ when tested in accordance with the method described in 5.8, none of the individual results of the total waterabsorption shall be more than 8 % in mass;¾ when tested in accordance with the method described in 5.8, none of the individual results of the waterabsorption through the tile face shall be greater than 0,4 g/cm2.4.2.7 Reaction to fireTerrazzo tiles are considered to be reaction to fire Class A1fl without the need for testing, according toEC Decision 96/603/EEC, as amended.4.2.8 Thermal conductivityIf terrazzo tiles for internal use are intended to contribute to the thermal performance of an element, themanufacturer shall declare their thermal properties using data given in Table N.2 of EN 13369:2001.5 Physical test methods5.1 Sampling plan and compliance criteriaTable 2 details the sampling and compliance criteria for the testing of each requirement.Table 2 — Sampling plan and compliance criteria for initial and further type testingPropertyRequirementsTesting methodNumber of tilesCompliance criteriaAppearance,dimensions and shape4.2.2 – 4.2.35.2 - 5.3 - 5.48a4.2.2 - 4.2.3Each tile shall meet therequirementsBreaking strength4.2.4.25.54See 4.2.4.2Breaking load4.2.4.35.54See 4.2.4.3Abrasion resistance4.2.4.45.63See 4.2.4.4Slip/skid resistance(only where tested)4.2.55.75The mean of the fivetiles shall be declaredWater absorption4.2.65.83See 4.2.6.2aThese tiles may be used for subsequent tests.5.2 Dimensional deviations5.2.1 ApparatusA steel rule with an accuracy of 0,5 mm.Callipers with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)115.2.2 ProcedureThe dimensions shall be measured at 3 points. The maximum and minimum values shall be recorded.5.3 Straightness of edges5.3.1 Measuring deviceA set of feeler gauges with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.5.3.2 Testing methodThe ruler is placed along the edge and the maximum discrepancy, i.e, between the edge and the ruler is noted (seeFigure 1).Figure 1 — Measurement of edge straightness5.4 Flatness of the upper face5.4.1 Measuring deviceMeasuring equipment with an accuracy of 0,1 mm.5.4.2 Testing methodThe maximum convex or concave deviations shall be determined along the two diagonal axes of the upper face(see Figure 2).Figure 2 — Measurement of upper face flatness
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)125.5 Breaking strength and breaking load5.5.1 ApparatusThe transverse testing machine shall have a scale with an accuracy of ± 3 % over the range of the anticipated testloads and be capable of increasing the load at specified rates.It shall be constructed in such a way that it can induce 3 point bending into the sample without torsion.The load inducing bar shall be equidistant between the supports.The length of the supports and the load inducing bar shall be at least equal to the width of the sample to be tested (seeFigure 3).The upper and lower bearers shall be parallel and rigid, and round or rounded to a radius of (20 ± 1) mm.If packing pieces are used, they shall be medium density fibreboard and their width shall not exceed 25 mm. Theirthickness shall be (4 ± 1) mm and they shall be approximately 10 mm longer than the size of the specimen’s plane.KeyFloadFigure 3 — Principle of testingThe actual span between the bearers shall be within 0,5 % of the specified span rounded to the nearest millimetre.5.5.2 PreparationUse whole tiles when their plan shape includes at least two parallel straight edges. In other cases, use sawn sampleswith the largest possible plan area which includes two parallel straight edges.If necessary, remove any burrs, high spots, etc. Immerse the tiles under water at (20 ± 5) °C for (24 ± 3) h, remove,wipe dry and test immediately.If a face is rough, textured or curved, prepare it by grinding or capping until fully flat.Other methods of preparation may be used for routine testing providing there is a correlation between the results of thetwo methods, e.g. using unground rough, textured or curved tiles instead of ground tiles.5.5.3 ProcedureThe distance between the supports shall be 2/3 of the length of the tile, with an accuracy of ± 0,5 %.
EN 13748-1:2004 (E)13Place the sample with its upper face uppermost, symmetrically on the bearers of the testing machine and with itsshorter side parallel to the supporting bearers.Depending on the surface profile of the tile any one of the following shall be used at the discretion of themanufacturer:¾ no packing;¾ packing;¾ capping or grinding.Apply the load without shock and increase the load uniformly so that the required load is reached within (45 ± 15) s.5.5.4 Testing of non-rectangular tilesNon rectangular tiles should be cut to be rectangular.5.5.5 Calculation of resultsCalculate the strength T (in MPa) of the tile tested from the equation:223tbLPT´´´´=whereTis the strength, in MPa;Pis the breaking load, in N;Lis the distance apart of the supports, in mm;bis the width of the tile at the failure plane, in mm;tis the thickness of the tile at the failure plane, in mm.Record the individual result T in MPa and the breaking load in kN.5.5.6 Test reportReport the strength of the specimens and their mean value to the nearset 0,1 MPa and their breaking load to thenearest 0, 1kN.5.6 Abrasion resistance5.6.1 The wide wheel abrasion test5.6.1.1 Principle of wide
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