SIST EN ISO 15027-3:2002
(Main)Immersion suits - Part 3: Test methods (ISO 15027-3:2002)
Immersion suits - Part 3: Test methods (ISO 15027-3:2002)
This Standard specifies the test methods for immersion suits. This standard is applicable to constant wear suits and abandonment suits. For requirements for constant wear suits see prEN ISO 15027-1 and for requirements for abandonment suits see prEN ISO 15027-2.
Schutzkleidung gegen Unterkühlung im Wasser - Teil 3: Prüfverfahren (ISO 15027-3:2002)
Diese Norm legt die Prüfverfahren für Schutzkleidung gegen Unterkühlung im Wasser fest. Diese Norm gilt für Kälteschutzanzüge und Seenot-Kälteschutzanzüge. Anforderungen an Kälteschutzanzüge siehe prEN ISO 15027-1 und Anforderungen an Seenot-Kälteschutzanzüge siehe prEN ISO 15027-2.
Combinaisons de protection thermique en cas d'immersion - Partie 3: Méthodes d'essai (ISO 15027-3:2002)
La présente norme spécifie les méthodes d'essai qui s'appliquent aux combinaisons de survie. La présente partie de la norme est applicable aux combinaisons flottantes et aux combinaisons de sauvetage. Pour les exigences concernant les combinaisons flottantes, voir le prEN ISO 15027-1. Pour les exigences concernant les combinaisons de sauvetage, voir le prEN ISO 15027-2.
Potopne obleke - 3. del: Preskusne metode (ISO 15027-3:2002)
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 15027-3:2002
01-november-2002
Potopne obleke - 3. del: Preskusne metode (ISO 15027-3:2002)
Immersion suits - Part 3: Test methods (ISO 15027-3:2002)
Schutzkleidung gegen Unterkühlung im Wasser - Teil 3: Prüfverfahren (ISO 15027-
3:2002)
Combinaisons de protection thermique en cas d'immersion - Partie 3: Méthodes d'essai
(ISO 15027-3:2002)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15027-3:2002
ICS:
13.340.10 Varovalna obleka Protective clothing
SIST EN ISO 15027-3:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 15027-3
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
March 2002
ICS 13.340.10
English version
Immersion suits - Part 3: Test methods (ISO 15027-3:2002)
Combinaisons de protection thermique en cas d'immersion Schutzkleidung gegen Unterkühlung im Wasser - Teil 3:
- Partie 3: Méthodes d'essai (ISO 15027-3:2002) Prüfverfahren (ISO 15027-3:2002)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 May 2001.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2002 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15027-3:2002 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3
1 Scope .4
2 Normative references .4
3 Testing of the device .4
3.1 General.4
3.2 Sampling.4
3.3 Test subjects .4
3.4 Fuel resistance test .5
3.5 Flammability test.5
3.6 Rotating shock bin testing.7
3.7 Leakage measurement .8
3.8 Thermal test.9
3.9 Temperature cycling testing.12
3.10 Performance testing .13
3.11 Ergonomic factors .13
3.12 Test method for compressibility of inherently buoyant material.18
3.13 Test method for thermal stability of inherently buoyant material .18
Test results – Uncertainty of measurement .19
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements or other
provisions of EU Directives .20
Bibliography .21
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 15027-3:2002) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 162 "Protective
clothing including hand and arm protection and lifejackets", the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration
with Technical Committee ISO/TC 188 "Small craft".
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or
by endorsement, at the latest by September 2002, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
latest by September 2002.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European
Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
Annex A is normative.
This standard includes a bibliography.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
1 Scope
This standard specifies the test methods for immersion suits.
This standard is applicable to constant wear suits and abandonment suits.
For requirements for constant wear suits see EN ISO 15027-1and for requirements for abandonment suits see
EN ISO 15027-2.
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For
dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the
publication referred to applies (including amendments).
EN ISO 15027-1:2002, Immersion suits — Part 1: Constant wear suits, requirements including safety (ISO 15027-
1:2002).
EN ISO 15027-2:2002, Immersion suits — Part 2: Abandonment suits, requirements including safety (ISO 15027-
2:2002).
3 Testing of the device
3.1 General
Requirements, for which no special test methods are given in this standard shall be tested in one of the following
ways:
a) by tests referred to in EN ISO 15027-1 and EN ISO 15027-2; or
b) by measurement; or
c) by visual assessment; or
d) by functional test.
Prior to testing materials and components shall be conditioned for (24 ± 0,1) h under standard atmosphere.
3.2 Sampling
Materials and components common to a range of samples may be presented as one sample of each item to be
tested according to test methods given in 4.13 of EN ISO 15027-2:2002, if not specified otherwise by the related
test procedure.
3.3 Test subjects
3.3.1 Instruction and selection
All test persons shall be familiar with the test procedures and the use of the suit under test. They shall be informed
and instructed on the problematic of the tests. The subjects shall have a medical check-up to prove their
qualification for the tests. The tests and a reasonable pre-treatment and follow-up shall be witnessed by a
physician. All essential body functions shall be monitored and reported during the tests.
NOTE Attention is drawn to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association, 1964) as
amended at Edinburgh 2000 and to national rules and regulations such as supervision of the tests by a national
ethic commission.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
3.3.2 Subject sizes
Where tests call for the use of human subjects at least 6 people shall be used, each wearing a suit of a size
category suitable for their build. Their body sizes shall be within the heights and weights shown in Table 1, unless
otherwise specified.
Table 1 — Subject sizes
Height Weight
m kg
1 person under 60
1,40 to 1,60
1 person over 60
1 person under 70
over 1,60 to 1,80
1 person over 70
1 person under 80
over 1,80
1 person over 80
3.3.3 Sex of subjects
2
Not more than / of the test subjects shall be of any one sex.
3
3.3.4 Fitness of subjects
The persons complying with the criteria of 3.3.1 should be capable of relaxing when in water out of their depth, be
able to swim for 20 min and cover a distance of 350 m with the aid of a lifejacket approved to a relevant EN and,
after sufficient rest, board the platform specified in 3.11.6.2.
3.3.5 Dress of subjects
Throughout the following tests, unless otherwise specified, the test clothing described in 3.8.1.2 shall be worn by
each subject.
3.3.6 Pass/fail criteria
All samples shall pass all objective tests for the entire device to meet the requirements of EN ISO 15027-1or
EN ISO 15027-2. However, due to the high variability between subjects and the difficulty in assessing some
subjective measures, it is permitted that a device does not completely meet the requirements of the following
subjective tests in a single example and in no more than in one test subject. In these circumstances, two other
subjects within the same weight category and with the same sex, should be subjected to the same test and before
the same test panel as at 3.10.3. If this additional test is still not clearly passed as required in EN ISO 15027-1 or
EN ISO 15027-2, then the device shall be deemed to have failed, whilst if it is clearly passed, the test panel may
deem that the device has passed the test overall.
3.4 Fuel resistance test
Place representative samples of all exterior fabrics, typical seams, apertures and components in a suitable
container and submerge them under a 100 mm head of engine fuel at a temperature of (20 ± 2) C for 24 h. After
removal from the container, remove the surface oil by wiping. Subject the samples to a hydrostatic test with a
1 000 mm water head and a tensile seam strength of at least 150 N without damage.
Note any damage to the fabric or the seams.
3.5 Flammability test
3.5.1 Principle
The test suit is passed over a test pan with burning test fuel. It shall be noted if the suit burns or continues to melt
after removal.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
3.5.2 Apparatus
Test pan (460 350 60) mm.
Test fuel: engine fuel.
3.5.3 Sampling
One suit system shall be subjected to the fire test.
3.5.4 Procedure
Place the test pan in a draught-free area so that the suit, which is folded, so that the neck part and feet are even,
travels freely across the 578 mm distance of the test pan.
Fill the test pan with water to a depth of 10 mm, followed by enough petrol to make a minimum total depth of
40 mm.
Ignite the petrol and allow to burn freely for 30 s.
Drape the suit over a suitable hanger, folded at the waist with the front outward. The bottom of the suit shall be
(250 ± 20) mm from the top edge of the test pan, see Figure 1. Secure loose parts above the lower part of the suit.
Then move the suit with a constant speed through the flames for 2 s. The suit shall start and finish the test 2 m
away from the closest edge of the test pan.
3.5.5 Evaluation
It shall be reported whether the suit sustains burning or continues melting 6 s after being removed from the flames.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Key
a
Start
b
Finish
1 Suit
2 Test pan
Figure 1 — Flammability test
3.6 Rotating shock bin testing
3.6.1 Apparatus
The equipment used shall be that shown in Figure 2, consisting of a box of specific design made from plywood
board, the inside surface of which shall be coated with hard plastic laminate or similar. The bearing of the bin shall
be in the centre of the mass and permit the bin to be rotated freely. This rotation can be effected mechanically,
either manually or using a motor.
3.6.2 Procedure
Place the test sample in the bin through a flush panel in one of the bin's faces, then close and secure it. The bin
shall be rotated for a total of 150 revolutions at a steady rate of 6 revolutions per minute.
3.6.3 Evaluation
On completion of the rotations, the test sample shall be removed from the bin and examined by the panel for
functional integrity.
If any doubts appear further functional testing shall be performed.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 — Design of rotation shock bin apparatus
3.7 Leakage measurement
3.7.1 Clean the suit to condition it prior to leakage measurement and thermal testing. The test sample shall
undergo 5 cleaning cycles according to the specification of the manufacturer.
NOTE The amount of leakage will be used as the threshold value for the thermal test.
3.7.2 Each test subject, wearing test clothing, the suit system and a lifejacket if required, shall enter the pool and
remain there for 2 min in order to completely pre-wet the suit. Where necessary the suit shall be vented of excess
air prior to this test.
3.7.3 The subject shall then climb out and stand for 1 min to permit excess water to run off the exterior of the suit
and to remove the water from all trapped areas. The subject shall then be weighed in order to establish the
subject's gross weight before the leak tests starts.
3.7.4 Immediately after the "pre-wetting" and weighing, cross one arm over the top of the lifejacket and cover the
mouth and nose with the other hand and then jump vertically, feet first, into the pool from a minimum height of
0,5
(4,5 ) m. The lifejacket, if needed, shall be inflated prior to this test. The suit shall not be damaged or
0
dislodged in any way by the jump.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
3.7.5 After jumping into the pool the subject shall swim on the back for 20 min, covering a distance of at least
350 m in this time. The hands and arms shall be kept in the water even if not being used for propulsion.
3.7.6 After the swim the subject shall climb out and stand for 1 min to remove free water from all trapped areas
and be weighed again.
The increase of weight shall be reported, to be used as the amount of leakage for the thermal test in 3.8.
3.8 Thermal test
3.8.1 Using a thermal manikin
NOTE It has to be stated that for the time being no manikin is available giving sound test results. Therefore the
performance of a suit system has to be proved by tests with human subjects. As soon as a manikin showing a sound
performance the testing laboratories have the option to go forward and choose one of both methods.
This will be accompanied also by an intensive exchange of experience between the testing laboratories, round robin testing and the
correlation of results between the tests with human subject and manikin.
3.8.1.1 Apparatus
A thermal manikin shall be constructed so that it
a) has a surface area and shape similar to that of a 50th percentile man;
b) can be dressed in representative test clothing;
c) is capable of being heated to and controlled at a programmable uniform temperature;
d) can control and measure temperatures and power inputs and calculate, record and present the parameters;
e) can be immersed to the neck in water without causing failure in the electrical system if water leaks inside the
outer clothing;
f) can be calibrated both in and out of the water.
3.8.1.2 Standard test clothing
a) cotton underwear (short-sleeved, short-legged)
b) long-sleeved heavy cotton shirt;
c) cotton trousers;
d) woollen socks: calf length;
e) woollen long sleeved pullover;
f) appropriate footwear (if the suit is used with footwear).
This test clothing shall be in good condition and shall not be altered by use or otherwise damaged. The size of
each piece of test clothing shall be suitable for the individual test subject.
The thermal insulation of the dry standard test clothing shall be around 1 Clo measured with the thermal manikin.
3.8.1.3 Procedure
The thermal protection provided by a suit system shall be assessed by measurement of the effective insulation of
the whole suit system and associated test clothing placed on a thermal manikin and immersed in still but circulated
water. The suit shall be filled with the amount of leakage determined according to 3.7. The immersed position shall
be defined by using a human subject of approximately a 50th percentile size, to correlate the tests with the tests
using test subjects. But it should be aware that the theory of Wissler is based on a fully immersed manikin.
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
3.8.2 Using human subjects
3.8.2.1 Test subjects
Test subjects shall be volunteers and shall have signed an informed consent.
Due to the nature of this test, different test subjects to those used in the other tests can be required. Each subject
shall be familiarised with the test procedure, medically screened, and their fat content shall be measured prior to
the start of the test. Each subject shall be between 1 600 mm and 1 900 mm tall and shall not be more than 10 %
overweight or underweight for his height and physical type as determined by a physician or physiologist or from
published physiological data. Each subject shall have had a normal night's sleep before the test, a well balanced
meal 1 h to 5 h before the test, and no alcoholic beverages for 24 h prior to the test. In addition to the suit system,
each subject shall wear the test clothing described in 3.8.1.2.
The testing laboratory has to take care of the safety of the test subjects by medical check-up, monitoring and
reporting the test by a physician. The preparation, the test and the follow-up have to be supervised by a physician
experienced with the medical treatment of hypothermia. For the preparation of the tests ISO 9886, ISO 10551 and
ISO/DIS 12894:1997 should be considered.
3.8.2.2 Principles
NOTE The testing of immersion suits using test subjects is based on sound and proven procedures used for tests under
SOLAS rules. The procedures are comparable and the results can be used vice versa. This will reduce the amount of tests for
the benefit of users, manufacturers and test subjects.
The test of EN ISO 15027 class A will correspond with an insulated SOLAS suit, whereas class D will be comparable to an
uninsulated SOLAS suit. The ISO classes B and C will fit in-between.
As an upgrade to SOLAS procedures, the amount of temperature transducers will be improved to at least 10 spots on skin and the
measurement of the rectal temperature, see Figure 3.
The test shall be conducted in calm but circulated water with a temperature as specified by the different procedures.
The air temperature shall be < 10 C. Each test subject will be fitted with specified amount of temperature transducers
placed at the following spots as shown in Figure 3. The transducers shall be capable of measuring the surface
temperature (accuracy ± 0,2 C).
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
Key
Spots (S)
1 Forehead
2 Neck
3 Right scapula
4 Left upper chest
5 Right arm — upper location
6 Left arm — lower location
7 Left hand
8 Right abdomen
9 Left paravertebral
10 Right anterior thigh
11 eft posterior thigh
12 Right shin
13 Left calf
14 Right instep
T = Rectal temperature
R
Figure 3 — Position of measuring sites
Mean skin temperature (MST) shall be calculated according to figure 3
MST = (0,7 S1 + 0,175 S3 + 0,175 S4 + 0,07 S5 + 0,7 S6 + 0,05 S7 + 0,19 S10 + 0,2 S13).
Mean Body Temperature (MBT) will be calculated as:
MBT = (0,5 T + 0,5 MST)
R
3.8.2.3 Procedure
3.8.2.3.1 General
Following the placement of the transducers on the body, the test subjects shall don a suit system and be dressed
with all primary and secondary closures secured. The suit shall be filled with the amount of leakage determined
according to 3.7. The test subjects shall enter the still water and assume a relaxed position.
Suit system insulation for the conditions shall be determined when the MST becomes stable (MST shall not change
by more than 0,5 C for a period not less than 15 min).
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EN ISO 15027-3:2002 (E)
The test shall be stopped if the test subject's core temperature has fallen more than 2 C and/or the skin
temperature has reached 10 C at any of the transducers for more than 15 min.
3.8.2.
...
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