SIST EN ISO 10360-102:2026

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 102: Grammar of symbols for metrological characteristics and their specifications (ISO 10360-102:2026)

This document specifies the grammar of symbols used in ISO 10360 series in order to identify metrological characteristics of coordinate measuring systems (CMSs) and their specifications.
This document does not provide the meaning of these symbols, neither of whole symbols nor of their components. These meanings are specified in the ISO 10360 documents introducing them.

Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Annahmeprüfung und Bestätigungsprüfung für Koordinatenmesssysteme (KMS) - Teil 102: Schreibweise (Grammatik) der Symbole für messtechnische Merkmale und ihre Spezifikation (ISO 10360-102:2026)

Dieses Dokument legt die Schreibweise (Grammatik) der in der Normenreihe ISO 10360 verwendeten Symbole fest, um messtechnische Merkmale für Koordinatenmesssysteme (KMS) und deren Spezifikationen zu identifizieren.
Dieses Dokument enthält keine Angaben zur Bedeutung dieser Symbole, weder der vollständigen Symbole noch ihrer Komponenten. Diese Bedeutungen sind in den ISO 10360-Dokumenten festgelegt, die sie einführen.

Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Essais de réception et de vérification périodique des systèmes à mesurer tridimensionnels (SMT) - Partie 102: Syntaxe des symboles pour les caractéristiques métrologiques et leurs spécifications (ISO 10360-102:2026)

Le présent document spécifie la grammaire des symboles utilisés dans la série ISO 10360 afin d'identifier les caractéristiques métrologiques des systèmes à mesurer tridimensionnels (SMT) et leurs spécifications.
Le présent document ne fournit pas la signification de ces symboles, ni des symboles entiers, ni de leurs composantes. Ces significations sont spécifiées dans les documents ISO 10360 les présentant.

Specifikacija geometrijskih veličin izdelka (GPS) - Preskusi za sprejemljivost in ponovno overjanje koordinatnih merilnih strojev (KMS) - 102. del: Slovnica simbolov za meroslovne značilnosti in njihove specifikacije (ISO 10360-102:2026)

Ta dokument določa slovnico simbolov, uporabljenih v seriji ISO 10360, za identifikacijo meroslovnih značilnosti koordinatnih merilnih sistemov (CMS) in njihovih specifikacij.
Ta dokument ne zagotavlja pomena teh simbolov, niti celotnih simbolov niti njihovih komponent. Ti pomeni so določeni v dokumentih ISO 10360, ki jih uvajajo.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Public Enquiry End Date: 29-Apr-2025
• Publication Date: 02-Apr-2026
• ICS: 17.040.30 - Measuring instruments
• ICS: 17.040.40 - Geometrical Product Specification (GPS)
• Technical Committee: ISEL - Mechanical elements
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 17-Mar-2026
• Due Date: 22-May-2026
• Completion Date: 03-Apr-2026
• Ref Project: EN ISO 10360-102:2026 - Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 102: Grammar of symbols for metrological characteristics and their specifications (ISO 10360-102:2026)

Overview

The draft international standard kSIST FprEN ISO 10360-102:2025:2025 titled Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 102: Grammar of symbols for metrological characteristics and their specifications defines a structured grammar for the symbols used within the ISO 10360 series. These symbols identify critical metrological characteristics of coordinate measuring systems (CMSs), including their maximum permissible errors (MPEs) or limits (MPLs). This standard ensures a consistent and systematic approach to symbolization, supporting clarity and comparability in CMS performance evaluation.

Developed under the auspices of CEN and ISO/TC 213, this document targets professionals involved in standardization, metrology, and CMS testing by offering standardized grammar rules to maintain coherence across industry standards.

Key Topics

• Grammar of Symbols (G3 Grammar):
  The core concept of the standard is the G3 grammar that defines the structure and formation rules for symbols representing CMS metrological characteristics. These symbols are composed of several structured components:

  • Test Value Component: Represents the measured value in the acceptance or reverification test.
  • Procedure Component: Details the specific test procedure used.
  • Technology Component: Identifies the type or category of the CMS technology (e.g., tactile, laser).
  • Specification Component: Used for specifications related to permissible limits or errors.

• One-to-One Symbol-Characteristic Relationship:
  Each metrological characteristic of a CMS has a corresponding unique symbol, and specifications derive from these symbols by adding additional components. This unambiguous relationship facilitates easy reference and reduces confusion.

• Consistency Across CMS Technologies:
  The grammar supports symbols across different CMS technologies, allowing performance comparisons between diverse systems such as tactile machines and laser trackers.

• Readability and Machine Processing:
  Although the grammar can produce complex and lengthy symbols, it prioritizes systematic, mnemonic, and machine-parsable symbols to aid users in understanding and software systems in automated processing.

• Normative References:
  The standard references several key documents including ISO 10360-1 (vocabulary of CMS), ISO 14978 (general GPS concepts), ISO 80000-1 (quantities and units), and ISO/IEC Guide 99 (vocabulary of metrology), ensuring integration within the broader GPS framework.

Applications

• Standardization of CMS Testing:
  Organizations conducting acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate measuring machines benefit from clear and uniform symbol usage, improving documentation and reporting.

• Quality Assurance in Manufacturing:
  Manufacturers utilizing CMS for product inspection can better interpret measurement results against standardized metrological characteristics, aiding compliance with international standards.

• CMS Technology Development:
  Developers of diverse CMS technologies can use the grammar to create relevant symbols and specifications, supporting transparent communication about system capabilities.

• Metrology Software Tools:
  Software for CMS data acquisition and analysis can implement machine-readable G3 symbols, enabling automated validation, traceability, and reporting.

• Regulatory and Compliance Reference:
  Regulatory bodies referencing GPS standards in technical regulations gain a reliable method for identifying and specifying CMS measurement performance.

Related Standards

• ISO 10360-1: Vocabulary for acceptance and reverification tests of coordinate measuring machines (CMMs).
• ISO 14978: Geometrical product specifications – General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipment.
• ISO 80000-1: Quantities and units – establishing uniform definitions essential for symbol standardization.
• ISO/IEC Guide 99 (VIM): International vocabulary of metrology providing fundamental terms related to measurement.
• Other ISO 10360 Parts: Addressing specific CMS types and their acceptance/reverification test procedures, such as tactile or optical systems.

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By defining a grammar for symbols that represent metrological characteristics and their specifications, kSIST FprEN ISO 10360-102:2025 facilitates consistent, clear, and comparable communication across the coordinate measuring systems community. This fosters better standard implementation, improved CMS performance transparency, and streamlined quality assurance practices in industrial metrology.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-maj-2026
Specifikacija geometrijskih veličin izdelka (GPS) - Preskusi za sprejemljivost in
ponovno overjanje koordinatnih merilnih strojev (KMS) - 102. del: Slovnica
simbolov za meroslovne značilnosti in njihove specifikacije (ISO 10360-102:2026)
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and reverification tests for
coordinate measuring systems (CMS) - Part 102: Grammar of symbols for metrological
characteristics and their specifications (ISO 10360-102:2026)
Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Annahmeprüfung und Bestätigungsprüfung
für Koordinatenmesssysteme (KMS) - Teil 102: Schreibweise (Grammatik) der Symbole
für messtechnische Merkmale und ihre Spezifikation (ISO 10360-102:2026)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Essais de réception et de vérification
périodique des systèmes à mesurer tridimensionnels (SMT) - Partie 102: Syntaxe des
symboles pour les caractéristiques métrologiques et leurs spécifications (ISO 10360-
102:2026)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10360-102:2026
ICS:
17.040.30 Merila Measuring instruments
17.040.40 Specifikacija geometrijskih Geometrical Product
veličin izdelka (GPS) Specification (GPS)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO 10360-102
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
March 2026
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 17.040.40
English Version
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Acceptance and
reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems
(CMS) - Part 102: Grammar of symbols for metrological
characteristics and their specifications (ISO 10360-
102:2026)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Essais Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) -
de réception et de vérification périodique des systèmes Annahmeprüfung und Bestätigungsprüfung für
à mesurer tridimensionnels (SMT) - Partie 102: Koordinatenmesssysteme (KMS) - Teil 102:
Syntaxe des symboles pour les caractéristiques Schreibweise (Grammatik) der Symbole für
métrologiques et leurs spécifications (ISO 10360- messtechnische Merkmale und ihre Spezifikation (ISO
102:2026) 10360-102:2026)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 20 February 2026.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2026 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10360-102:2026 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO 10360-102:2026) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213
"Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification" in collaboration with Technical
Committee CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2026, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2026.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 10360-102:2026 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10360-102:2026 without any
modification.
International
Standard
ISO 10360-102
First edition
Geometrical product specifications
2026-02
(GPS) — Acceptance and
reverification tests for coordinate
measuring systems (CMS) —
Part 102:
Grammar of symbols for
metrological characteristics and
their specifications
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Essais de
réception et de vérification périodique des systèmes à mesurer
tridimensionnels (SMT) —
Partie 102: Syntaxe des symboles pour les caractéristiques
métrologiques et leurs spécifications
Reference number
ISO 10360-102:2026(en) © ISO 2026

ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
© ISO 2026
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Objectives . 2
5 Grammar of symbols (G3) . 3
6 Comparability of metrological characteristics and their specification. 5
7 Alternatives in the grammar of symbols (G3) . 5
7.1 Plain-text formatting .5
7.2 Reduced G3 symbols .6
Annex A (normative) Grammar and writing rules for the G3 symbols . 7
Annex B (informative) The evolution of the ISO 10360 symbols .11
Annex C (informative) Relationship to the GPS matrix model .12
Bibliography .13

iii
ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification, in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN)
Technical Committee CEN/TC 290, Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification, in
accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement).
A list of all parts in the ISO 10360 series can be found on the ISO website.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
Introduction
This document is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a general GPS
standard (see ISO 14638). It influences chain links A to C of the chains of standards on datums.
The ISO GPS matrix model given in ISO 14638 gives an overview of the ISO GPS system of which this document
is a part. The fundamental rules of ISO GPS given in ISO 8015 apply to this document and the default decision
rules given in ISO 14253-1 apply to the specifications made in accordance with this document, unless
otherwise indicated.
For more detailed information on the relationship of this document to other standards and the GPS matrix
model, see Annex C.
The ISO 10360 series is widely used in industry for the acceptance and the reverification testing of
coordinate measuring systems (CMSs). It includes several documents addressing different CMS technologies.
These documents are designed to ensure the highest possible degree of internal consistency in spite of their
diversity.
This document and other parts of the ISO 10360 series with part numbers over 100 (e.g. ISO 10360-102)
describe the commonalities of the ISO 10360 series. The purpose is to provide a reference for the development
of future ISO 10360 documents and the revision of existing ISO 10360 documents as well as to disclose the
commonalities to the public and to improve awareness and understanding overall.
The ISO 10360 series specifies metrological characteristics – typically error parameters – and their
specifications [maximum permissible errors (MPEs) or maximum permissible limits (MPLs)] of CMSs.
Symbols are associated to them for convenience and ease of reference. The association of symbols to
corresponding metrological characteristics and their specifications is conventional and any is valid in
principle when it is unambiguous (i.e. the correspondence is one-to-one) and conforms to ISO 80000-1. The
systematic rules in this document for assigning and interpreting metrological characteristics and their
specifications are intended to maintain clarity in the symbols used in the increasing number of ISO 10360
documents.
The symbols in the ISO 10360 series of documents follow an underlying grammar named G3, to create valid
and consistent symbols. Annex B describes the evolution of the symbols of the ISO 10360 series and the
underlying grammar generations. Understanding such grammar is important in order to avoid confusion
(symbols are sometimes long and complex) and to be able to read, interpret and compare them.
Annex A provides a complete set of grammar rules for the G3 symbols and is intended mainly for standard
makers for defining new symbols of metrological characteristics and their specifications in the ISO 10360
series.
v
International Standard ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Acceptance
and reverification tests for coordinate measuring systems
(CMS) —
Part 102:
Grammar of symbols for metrological characteristics and
their specifications
1 Scope
This document specifies the grammar of symbols used in ISO 10360 series in order to identify metrological
characteristics of coordinate measuring systems (CMSs) and their specifications.
This document does not provide the meaning of these symbols, neither of whole symbols nor of their
components. These meanings are specified in the ISO 10360 documents introducing them.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 10360-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Acceptance and reverification tests for coordinate
measuring machines (CMM) — Part 1: Vocabulary
ISO 14978, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring
equipment
ISO 80000-1, Quantities and units — Part 1: General
ISO/IEC Guide 99, International vocabulary of metrology — Basic and general concepts and associated terms
(VIM)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 10360-1, ISO 14978,
ISO/IEC Guide 99 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
grammar of symbols
G3
set of rules applicable to the spelling and meaning of the symbols associated with the metrological
characteristics of CMSs and their specifications as specified in ISO 10360 series

ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
3.2
G3 symbol
symbol conforming to the grammar of symbols (G3)
3.3
symbol component
component
portion of a G3 symbol that captures all necessary information about an aspect of the metrological
characteristic or specification
Note 1 to entry: Symbol components are separated by punctuation.
Note 2 to entry: G3 symbols of metrological characteristics and their specifications are made of an ordered sequence
of symbol components.
3.4
characteristic symbol component
characteristic component
symbol component that identifies the geometrical characteristic measured in the test of a CMS capturing the
metrological characteristic or specification
3.5
procedure symbol component
procedure component
symbol component that identifies the procedural details of the measurement of the metrological
characteristic or specification
3.6
technology symbol component
technology component
symbol component that identifies the CMS type (or technology)
3.7
specification symbol component
specification component
symbol component that identifies a specification
Note 1 to entry: G3 symbols of metrological characteristics do not have a specification symbol component.
Note 2 to entry: The specification symbol component is added to the G3 symbol of a metrological characteristic to
indicate the specification assigned to that metrological characteristic.
3.8
symbol component word
word
smallest portion of a symbol component that carries a unit of meaning
Note 1 to entry: A symbol component may contain one or more symbol component words or may be void.
4 Objectives
G3 is subject to ISO 80000-1 and has the following objectives:
— to maintain consistency of symbols throughout the ISO 10360 series, and underpin one-to-one
correspondence between metrological characteristics and their specifications, and G3 symbols;
— to allow performance comparison of CMSs of a same or of different technologies, e.g. a laser tracker vs. a
(large) tactile CMM;
— to help users of standards in remembering definitions, or at least meanings, by looking at G3 symbols, or
even in guessing meanings before reading definitions;

ISO 10360-102:2026(en)
— to generate machine-readable G3 symbols, i.e. possibly parsed by software.
To achieve these objectives, a concession was made to the complexity of the G3 symbols. The symbols
components are made of conventional (possibly abbreviated) symbol component words, and their
combination in a G3 symbol can result in a very long symbol despite any limitation to the symbol component
words’ length. G3 symbols are systematic, rather readable and mnemonic.
G3 symbols do not substitute definitions of metrological characteristics and their specifications, even when
the meaning of a G3 symbol can be guessed from its syntax.
5 Grammar of symbols (G3)
Any specification is associated with a metrological characteristic that it specifies. A one-to-one relationship
between specifications and metrological characteristics exists, and identifying either one identifies the
other too. The grammar of symbols (G3) reflects this by assigning matching symbols to any metrological
characteristic and its specification, the latter derived from the former by adding the trailing specification
symbol component (see Table 1).
EXAMPLE 1 Let M be the G3 symbol of a metrological characteristic and S the specification symbol component.
Then the G3 symbol of its specification is M .
,S
The ISO 10360 series defines individual metrological characteristics as the performance of a CMS when
measuring:
a) a specific characteristic of a geometrical feature (e.g. the size of a sphere);
b) according to a specific test procedure (e.g. the length of the styli used);
c) with a CMS of a specific category or technology (e.g. tactile).
G3 symbols of metrological characteristics are the combination of three symbol components reflecting the
above three pieces of information:
— the characteristic symbol component reflects 5 a);
— the procedure symbol component reflects 5 b);
— the technology symbol component reflects 5 c).
G3 symbols have the general syntax shown in Table 1. Column (a) shows the three symbol components
V, P, T (“Metrological characteristic” row) – namely the characteristic, procedure and technology symbol
components, respectively – or four symbol components V, P, T, S (“Specification” row) – namely V, P, T and the
specification symbol components. V, P, T are separated by colons in the subscript; S is separated by a comma
in the subscript. Each symbol component conveys information that may be composed of multiple elements,
each expressed by a symbol component word. Each symbol component is then the combination of symbol
component words separated by dots, as shown in column (b).
NOTE 1 m, n, p and q in Table 1 are the number of symbol component words in the characteristic, procedure,
technology and specification symbol components, respectively.
NOTE 2 A and B1 to Bn, P1 to Pm, T1 to Tp and S1 to Sq in Table 1 are the symbol component words of V (characteristic
symbol component), P (procedure symbol component), T (technology symbol component) and S (specification symbol
...