SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006

• Abstract:

  The present document applies to Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service. The types of equipment covered by the present document are as follows: ; • Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale broadcasting service operating in the harmonized LF, MF and HF terrestrial sound broadcasting bands.; The present document is intended to cover the provisions of article 3.2, of Directive 1999/5/EC [2] (R&TTE Directive), which states that "… radio equipment shall be so constructed that it effectively uses the spectrum allocated to terrestrial/space radio communications and orbital resources so as to avoid harmful interference." In addition to the present document, other ENs that specify technical requirements in respect of essential requirements under other parts of article 3 of the R&TTE Directive [2] may apply to equipment within the scope of the present document.; NOTE: A list of such ENs is included on the web site http://www.newapproach.org.

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-Feb-2006
• ICS: 33.060.20 - Receiving and transmitting equipment
• ICS: 33.100.01 - Electromagnetic compatibility in general
• ICS: 33.170 - Television and radio broadcasting
• Technical Committee: SS EIT - Technical Board for the electrotechnical, information technology and telecommunications fields
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 01-Mar-2006
• Due Date: 01-Mar-2006
• Completion Date: 01-Mar-2006
• Ref Project: ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2004-11) - Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods

Overview

SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006 specifies the technical characteristics and test methods for transmitting equipment used in the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service. Developed by the Slovenian Institute for Standardization (SIST), this standard addresses electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and radio spectrum management for DRM transmitters. Its primary focus is on equipment operating in harmonized low frequency (LF), medium frequency (MF), and high frequency (HF) terrestrial sound broadcasting bands.

The standard supports compliance with the essential requirements of Directive 1999/5/EC (R&TTE Directive), ensuring that radio equipment uses the allocated spectrum efficiently while minimizing the risk of harmful interference.

Key Topics

• Scope of Applicability: The standard applies to DRM sound broadcasting transmitters operating in LF, MF, and HF frequency bands, encompassing their technical parameters and compliance obligations.
• Technical Requirements:
  • Rated output power: Ensures transmitter delivers consistent power at the antenna port under normal operation.
  • Frequency stability: Mandates tight controls on frequency drift to protect spectrum usage.
  • Digital signal quality: Defines Modulation Error Ratio (MER) as a principal measurement of DRM signal integrity.
• Measurement & Test Methods:
  • Detailed procedures for testing output characteristics, frequency stability, signal modulation, and emission levels.
  • Methods for verifying compliance with spurious and out-of-band emission limits.
  • Requirements for assessing radiated emissions from equipment enclosures.
• Emission Control:
  • Strict limits for spurious emissions to avoid interference with adjacent radio communications.
  • Out-of-band emission restrictions to control energy leakage outside the DRM allocation.

Applications

SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006 is crucial for:

• Broadcast Equipment Manufacturers: Provides essential criteria and testing methods necessary for the design, testing, and certification of DRM transmitters.
• Regulatory Bodies: Reference for verifying transmitter compliance with European EMC requirements and spectrum use legislation, helping prevent spectrum conflicts.
• Telecommunications Operators and Broadcasters: Offers quality assurance benchmarks for the deployment of DRM-based terrestrial radio broadcasting services, aiding reliable and interference-free transmissions.
• Technical Test Laboratories: Establishes standard test suites for certifying equipment within the scope of DRM sound broadcasting, including output power, signal integrity, and EM emission measurements.

By adhering to this standard, stakeholders ensure equipment reliably operates within its designated spectrum, protecting other users from interference and fulfilling legislative obligations.

Related Standards

Stakeholders working with SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006 should also be aware of the following related standards:

• EN 302 245-2: Technical specifications for DRM transmitters, harmonized for compliance under Article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive.
• EN 301 489-11: ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for terrestrial sound broadcasting service transmitters.
• EN 55022 (CENELEC): Limits and measurement methods for radio disturbances in IT equipment, relevant for enclosure port radiation testing.
• EN 55011 (CENELEC): EMC requirements for industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment.
• ETSI TR 100 028 Series: Reference guidance on measurement uncertainties for mobile radio equipment characteristics.

Practical Value

By following the requirements and test procedures in SIST EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1:2006, manufacturers and broadcasters benefit from:

• Higher reliability and quality in DRM transmission systems.
• Reduced risk of regulatory non-compliance and spectrum disputes.
• Improved market access for products demonstrating conformity with harmonized European testing protocols.
• Enhanced consumer trust due to consistent performance and minimized interference in digital radio services.

Adoption of this standard is fundamental for organizations aiming to deploy robust, interference-free DRM broadcasting equipment, while upholding European regulatory and technical excellence.

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2006
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Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Transmitting
equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service Part 1: Technical
characteristics and test methods
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 302 245-1 Version 1.1.1
ICS:
33.060.20 Sprejemna in oddajna Receiving and transmitting
oprema equipment
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
33.170 Televizijska in radijska Television and radio
difuzija broadcasting
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)
European Standard (Telecommunications series)

Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM)
broadcasting service;
Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods

2 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

Reference
DEN/ERM-TG17WG2-001-1
Keywords
audio, broadcasting, digital, DRM, radio,
terrestrial, transmitter
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3 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

Contents
Intellectual Property Rights.5
Foreword.5
Introduction .5
1 Scope.6
2 References.6
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations .6
3.1 Definitions.6
3.2 Symbols.8
3.3 Abbreviations.8
4 Technical requirements specifications.8
4.1 Environmental profile.8
4.2 Transmitter output characteristics .9
4.2.1 Rated output power.9
4.2.1.1 Definition.9
4.2.1.2 Method of measurement.9
4.2.1.2.1 Initial conditions.9
4.2.1.2.2 Procedure.9
4.2.1.2.3 Test requirements.9
4.2.1.3 Limit.9
4.2.2 Frequency stability.9
4.2.2.1 Definition.9
4.2.2.2 Method of measurement.10
4.2.2.2.1 Initial conditions.10
4.2.2.2.2 Procedure.10
4.2.2.2.3 Test requirements.10
4.2.2.3 Limit.10
4.3 Digital signal processing.10
4.3.1 Modulation Error Ratio (MER) .10
4.3.1.1 Definition.10
4.3.1.2 Method of measurement.11
4.3.1.3 Limit.11
4.4 Antenna port measurements.11
4.4.1 Spurious emissions.11
4.4.1.1 Definition.11
4.4.1.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .11
4.4.1.2.1 Initial conditions.11
4.4.1.2.2 Procedure.12
4.4.1.2.3 Test requirements.12
4.4.1.3 Limit.12
4.4.2 Transmitter muting during frequency shift .13
4.4.2.1 Definition.13
4.4.2.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .13
4.4.2.2.1 Initial conditions.13
4.4.2.2.2 Procedure.14
4.4.2.2.3 Test requirements.14
4.4.2.3 Limit.14
4.4.3 Out-of-band emissions.14
4.4.3.1 Definition.14
4.4.3.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .14
4.4.3.2.1 Initial conditions.14
4.4.3.2.2 Procedure.14
4.4.3.2.3 Test requirements.14
4.4.3.3 Limit.14
ETSI
4 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

4.5 Enclosure port measurements (radiated emissions).16
4.5.1 Cabinet radiation.16
4.5.1.1 Definition.16
4.5.1.2 Method of measurement (essential test suite) .16
4.5.1.2.1 Initial conditions.16
4.5.1.2.2 Procedure.17
4.5.1.2.3 Test requirements.17
4.5.1.3 Limits.17
4.6 Measurement uncertainties.18
Annex A (normative): Typical measuring arrangements.19
A.1 Testing arrangements for antenna port (and MER) measurements .19
A.1.1 Testing arrangement.19
A.1.2 Test frequency range (antenna port measurements) .20
A.1.3 Test modulating signal .20
Annex B (normative): Test load characteristics.21
Annex C (informative): Bibliography.22
History .23

ETSI
5 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

Intellectual Property Rights
IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information
pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found
in ETSI SR 000 314: "Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in
respect of ETSI standards", which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web
server (http://webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp).
Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee
can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web
server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document.
Foreword
This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM).
The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering the Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio
Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service, as identified below:
Part 1: "Technical characteristics and test methods";
Part 2: "Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".

National transposition dates
Date of adoption of this EN: 14 January 2005
Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 30 April 2005
Date of latest publication of new National Standard
or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 October 2005
Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Standard (dow): 31 October 2005

Introduction
The present document covers a set of non mandatory technical parameters that are considered to be the minimum
requirement for the design and operation of a DRM sound broadcasting service.
Other documents directly associated with the present document:
- EN 302 245-2 [1];
- EN 301 489-11 [2].
ETSI
6 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

1 Scope
The present document covers the following types of equipment:
Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) sound broadcasting service operating in the LF, MF and
HF bands.
2 References
The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present
document.
• References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or
non-specific.
• For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply.
• For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies.
Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at
http://docbox.etsi.org/Reference.
[1] ETSI EN 302 245-2: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Transmitting equipment for the Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) broadcasting service;
Part 2: Harmonized EN under article 3.2 of the R&TTE Directive".
[2] ETSI EN 301 489-11: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
ElectroMagnetic Compatibility (EMC) standard for radio equipment and services;
Part 11: Specific conditions for terrestrial sound broadcasting service transmitters".
[3] CENELEC EN 55022: "Limits and methods of measurement of radio disturbance characteristics of
information technology equipment".
[4] CENELEC EN 55011: "Industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio-frequency equipment -
Radio disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement".
[5] ETSI TR 100 028 series: "Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Uncertainties in the measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply:
amplitude imbalance: error caused by different amplification of the I and Q signals
antenna port: port of an apparatus which is designed, in normal operation, to be connected to an antenna using coaxial
cable
broadcasting service: radiocommunication service in which the transmissions are intended for direct reception by the
general public
NOTE: This service may include sound transmissions, television transmissions or other types of transmission.
cabinet radiation: radiation from an enclosure containing, equipment, excluding radiation from connected antennas or
cables
ETSI
7 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

channel bandwidth: frequency band of defined width (as a multiple of the carrier grid) including safety margin for
operation on adjacent channels, located symmetrically around a carrier frequency in the carrier grid
class of emission: set of characteristics of an emission, designated by standard symbols
NOTE: Type of modulation of the main carrier, modulating signal, type of information to be transmitted, and
also, if appropriate, any additional signal characteristics.
dBc: decibels relative to the unmodulated carrier power of the emission
NOTE: In the cases which do not have a carrier, for example in some digital modulation schemes where the
carrier is not accessible for measurement, the reference level equivalent to dBc is decibels relative to the
mean power P.
enclosure port: physical boundary of the apparatus through which electromagnetic fields may radiate or impinge
NOTE: In the case of integral antenna equipment, this port is inseparable from the antenna port.
environmental profile: range of environmental conditions under which equipment within the scope of EN 302 245-1 is
required to comply with the provisions of EN 302 245-1
harmonic: component of order greater than 1 of the Fourier series of a periodic quantity
harmonic number: integral number given by the ratio of the frequency of a harmonic to the fundamental frequency
nd
NOTE: 2 harmonic = 2 × fundamental frequency.
intermodulation products: unwanted frequencies resulting from intermodulation between carriers or harmonics of
emission, or between any oscillations generated to produce the carrier
mean power: average power supplied to the antenna port by a transmitter during an interval of time sufficiently long
compared with the lowest frequency encountered in the modulation envelope taken under normal operating conditions
multiplex: stream of all the digital data carrying one or more services within a single physical channel
necessary bandwidth: for a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is sufficient to ensure the
transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified conditions
out-of-band emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary bandwidth which
results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions
quadrature error: error caused by phase shift between the I and Q signals
reference bandwidth: bandwidth in which the emission level is specified
RMS power: apparent power of an AC power that is calculated by multiplying root-mean-square (rms) current by the
root mean square voltage
NOTE 1: In a purely resistive circuit this is held to be the equivalent heating effect of a DC power and can be
deemed to be true power. In a circuit that consists of reactance as well as resistance the apparent power is
greater than the true power (the vector difference between true power and apparent power is called
reactive power).
True Power = Vrms × (Irms ∆ cos Ø)
Where Δ cos Ø is the phase difference between voltage and current introduced by the reactance of the load.
NOTE 2: From the above definition it becomes clear that unless any measuring system can be completely devoid of
reactance then the measured power cannot be considered to be RMS power. It therefore becomes apparent
that this parameter would be difficult to measure with any degree of accuracy at RF frequencies.
ETSI
8 ETSI EN 302 245-1 V1.1.1 (2005-01)

spurious emissions: emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth and the level of
which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information
NOTE: Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products but exclude out-of-band emissions.
unwanted emissions: spurious emissions and out-of-band emissions
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of the present document, the following symbol applies:
μ micro
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply:
AI Amplitude Imbalance
dB Decibel, logarithmic ratio (tenths of a "Bel")
dBm dB relative to one milliwatt
COFDM Coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex
DRM Digital Radio Mondiale
EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility
EN European Norm
EUT Equipment Under Test
HF High Frequency
I In-phase component of a signal
ITU International Telecommunications Union
LF Low Frequency
LV Low Voltage
MER Modulation Error Ratio
MF
...