SIST EN 14035-36:2004
(Main)Fireworks - Part 36: Wheels - Specification and test methods
Fireworks - Part 36: Wheels - Specification and test methods
This document specifies requirements for the construction, performance, primary packaging and labelling of wheels and the corresponding test methods. It is applicable to fireworks which are classified as wheels in categories 2 and 3 in EN 14035-2.
It is not applicable to wheels containing report composition that includes any of the following substances:
- arsenic or arsenic compounds;
- mixtures containing a mass fraction of chlorates greater than 80 %;
- mixtures of chlorates with metals;
- mixtures of chlorates with red phosphorus;
- mixtures of chlorates with potassium hexacyanoferrate(II);
- mixtures of chlorates with sulfur;
- mixtures of chlorates with sulfides;
- lead or lead compounds;
- mercury compounds;
- white phosphorus;
- picrates or picric acid;
- potassium chlorate with a mass fraction of bromates greater than 0,15 %;
- sulfur with an acidity, expressed in mass fraction of sulphuric acid, greater than 0,002 %;
- zirconium with a particle size of less than 40 mm.
NOTE In EN 14035-2, wheels are classified as follows:
- brief description: non-metallic tube or tubes containing pyrotechnic composition and provided with a means of attaching it to a support so it can rotate;
- principal effects: rotation around a fixed point or axis and emission of sparks and flames, with or without aural effect(s).
Schemes for type testing of wheels and batch testing of wheels are specified in annex A and annex B respectively.
Feuerwerkskörper - Teil 36: Räder - Anforderungen und Prüfverfahren
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen an die Konstruktion, Funktion, kleinste Verpackungseinheit und Beschriftung von Rädern und die entsprechenden Prüfverfahren fest. Es gilt für Feuerwerkskörper, die als Räder in die Kategorien 2 und 3 in der EN 14035-2 eingruppiert sind.
Es gilt nicht für Räder, die pyrotechnischen Satz enthalten, in dem eine der nachfolgend aufgeführten Substanzen enthalten ist:
- Arsen und Arsenverbindungen,
- Blei und Bleiverbindungen,
- Kaliumchlorat mit einem Massenanteil an Bromaten von mehr als 0,15 %,
- Mischungen mit einem Massenanteil an Chloraten von mehr als 80 %,
- Mischungen von Chloraten mit Metallen,
- Mischungen von Chloraten mit rotem Phosphor,
- Mischungen von Chloraten mit Kaliumhexacyanoferrat(II),
- Mischungen von Chloraten mit Schwefel,
- Mischungen von Chloraten mit Sulfiden,
- Pikrate und Pikrinsäure,
- Quecksilberverbindungen,
- weißer Phosphor,
- Schwefel mit einem Massenanteil an freier Säure (angegeben als H2SO4) von mehr als 0,002 %,
- Zirkon mit einer Korngröße von weniger als 40 mm.
ANMERKUNG In der EN 14035-2 sind Räder wie folgt klassifiziert:
- Kurzbeschreibung: Zusammengesetzter Gegenstand, der aus einer nichtmetallischen Hülse oder mehreren nichtmetallischen Hülsen besteht, die pyrotechnischen Satz enthält (enthalten) und mit einer Einrichtung zur Befestigung an einer Halterung versehen ist, die ein Drehen gestattet;
- Hauptwirkungen: Drehbewegung um einen festen Punkt oder eine Achse und Erzeugung von Funken und Flammen, mit oder ohne akustische Wirkung oder akustischer Wirkungen.
Übersichten für die Typ-Prüfung von Rädern und Los-Prüfung von Rädern sind in Anhang A beziehungsweise Anhang B angegeben.
Artifices de divertissement - Partie 36: Soleils - Spécifications et méthodes d'essai
Ognjemet – 36. del: Kolesa – Specifikacija in preskusne metode
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Fireworks - Part 36: Wheels - Specification and test methodsOgnjemet – 36. del: Kolesa – Specifikacija in preskusne metodeArtifices de divertissement - Partie 36: Soleils - Spécifications et méthodes d'essaiFeuerwerkskörper - Teil 36: Räder -
Anforderungen und PrüfverfahrenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 14035-36:2004SIST EN 14035-36:2004en71.100.30ICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 14035-36:200401-november-2004
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 14035-36August 2004ICS 71.100.30English versionFireworks - Part 36: Wheels - Specification and test methodsArtifices de divertissement - Partie 36: Soleils -Spécifications et méthodes d'essaiFeuerwerkskörper - Räder -Teil 36:
Anforderungen undPrüfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 June 2004.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2004 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 14035-36:2004: E
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 2 Contents page Foreword.4 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.7 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 Construction.7 4.1 Means of ignition.7 4.2 Attachment of initial fuse.7 4.3 Protection of initial fuse.7 4.3.1 General.7 4.3.2 Initial fuse protected by fuse cover.7 4.3.3 Initial fuse protected by primary pack or selection pack.7 4.3.4 Protruding fuse designed to resist side ignition.8 4.4 Height of initial fuse.8 4.5 Materials of firework case.8 4.6 Integrity.8 4.7 Net explosive content.8 5 Performance.9 5.1 Initial fuse.9 5.2 Principal effects.9 5.3 Functioning.9 5.4 Explosions.9 5.5 Sound pressure level.9 5.6 Burning matter.9 6 Primary pack or selection pack.10 7 Minimum labelling requirements.10 7.1 General.10 7.2 Type name and category.10 7.3 Safety information.10 7.3.1 General.10 7.3.2 Category 2 wheels.11 7.3.3 Category 3 wheels.11 7.3.4 Mounting instructions.11 7.4 Name, address and telephone number of manufacturer or distributor or importer.12 7.5 Reference to this standard.12 7.6 Printing.12 7.6.1 Labelling.12 7.6.2 Type size.12 7.7 Marking of very small wheels.12 7.7.1 Reduced size.12 7.7.2 Reduced information.12 7.8 Additional information on the primary pack (if applicable).13 8 Test methods.13 8.1 Attachment of protruding fuse (type test and batch test).13 8.1.1 Apparatus.13 8.1.2 Procedure.13 8.2 Performance (type test and batch test).13 8.2.1 Test environment.13 8.2.2 Apparatus.13
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 3 8.2.3 Procedure.14 8.3 Determination of net explosive content (type test).15 8.3.1 Apparatus.15 8.3.2 Procedure.15 8.4 Side ignition of initial fuse (type test).15 8.4.1 Material.15 8.4.2 Test area.15 8.4.3 Apparatus.15 8.4.4 Test specimen.15 8.4.5 Procedure.15 8.5 Labelling (type test and batch test).17 Annex A (normative) Type testing.18 A.1 General.18 A.2 Number of wheels to be tested.18 A.3 Thermal conditioning.19 A.4 Number of primary packs to be examined.19 A.5 Test report.19 Annex B (normative) Batch testing.21 B.1 General.21 B.2 Sampling plans.21 B.3 Unit of product.21 B.4 Nonconformities.21 B.5 Test report.23 B.6 Acceptance or rejection of a batch.23 B.6.1 Nonconforming units.23 B.6.2 Critical nonconforming units.23 B.6.3 Major nonconforming units.23 B.6.4 Minor nonconforming units.23 B.6.5 Wheels supplied in primary packs or selection packs.23 Annex C (normative) Method for determination of smouldering rate of cigarette.24 Annex D (informative) A-Deviations.25 Germany.26
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 14035-36:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 212 “Fireworks”, the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2005, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2005. This European Standard is one of a series of standards as listed below. EN 14035-1, Fireworks - Part 1: Terminology. EN 14035-2, Fireworks - Part 2: Categorisation. EN 14035-3, Fireworks - Part 3: Aerial wheels - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-4, Fireworks - Part 4: Bangers and banger batteries - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-5, Fireworks - Part 5: Batteries and combinations - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-6, Fireworks - Part 6: Bengal flames - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-7, Fireworks - Part 7: Bengal matches - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-8, Fireworks - Part 8: Bengal sticks - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-9, Fireworks - Part 9: Crackling granules - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-10, Fireworks - Part 10: Double bangers - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-12, Fireworks - Part 12: Flash bangers and flash banger batteries - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-13, Fireworks - Part 13: Flash pellets - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-15, Fireworks - Part 15: Fountains - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-17, Fireworks - Part 17: Ground spinners - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-18, Fireworks - Part 18: Hand-held fountains - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-19, Fireworks - Part 19: Hand-held sparklers - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-20, Fireworks - Part 20: Jumping crackers - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-21, Fireworks - Part 21: Jumping ground spinners - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-22, Fireworks - Part 22: Mines - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-23, Fireworks - Part 23: Non-hand-held sparklers - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-24, Fireworks - Part 24: Novelty matches - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-25, Fireworks - Part 25: Party poppers - Specification and test methods.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 5 EN 14035-27, Fireworks - Part 27: Rockets - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-28, Fireworks - Part 28: Roman candles - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-29, Fireworks - Part 29: Serpents - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-31, Fireworks - Part 31: Shell-in-mortars - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-32, Fireworks - Part 32: Snaps - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-33, Fireworks - Part 33: Spinners - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-34, Fireworks - Part 34: Table bombs - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-35, Fireworks - Part 35: Throwdowns - Specification and test methods. EN 14035-36, Fireworks - Part 36: Wheels - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-37, Fireworks - Part 37: Whistlers - Specification and test methods. prEN 14035-38, Fireworks - Part 38: Shot tubes - Specification and test methods. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard : Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies requirements for the construction, performance, primary packaging and labelling of wheels and the corresponding test methods. It is applicable to fireworks which are classified as wheels in categories 2 and 3 in EN 14035-2. It is not applicable to wheels containing report composition. It is not applicable to wheels containing pyrotechnic composition that includes any of the following substances: — arsenic or arsenic compounds; — mixtures containing a mass fraction of chlorates greater than 80 %; — mixtures of chlorates with metals; — mixtures of chlorates with red phosphorus; — mixtures of chlorates with potassium hexacyanoferrate(II); — mixtures of chlorates with sulfur; — mixtures of chlorates with sulfides; — lead or lead compounds; — mercury compounds; — white phosphorus; — picrates or picric acid; — potassium chlorate with a mass fraction of bromates greater than 0,15 %; — sulfur with an acidity, expressed in mass fraction of sulphuric acid, greater than 0,002 %; — zirconium with a particle size of less than 40 µm. NOTE In EN 14035-2, wheels are classified as follows: — brief description: non-metallic tube or tubes containing pyrotechnic composition and provided with a means of attaching it to a support so it can rotate; — principal effects: rotation around a fixed point or axis and emission of sparks and flames, with or without aural effect(s). Schemes for type testing of wheels and batch testing of wheels are specified in annex A and annex B respectively.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 7 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 14035-1:2003, Fireworks — Part 1: Terminology. EN 14035-2, Fireworks — Part 2: Categorisation. EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications (IEC 61672-1:2002). EN 61672-2, Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 2: Pattern evaluation tests (IEC 61672-2:2003). ISO 2859-1, Sampling procedures for inspection by attributes — Part 1: Sampling schemes indexed by acceptance quality limit (AQL) for lot-by-lot inspection. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 14035-1:2003 apply. 4 Construction 4.1 Means of ignition The means of ignition shall be identified by a protruding fuse. Conformity to this requirement shall be verified by visual examination. 4.2 Attachment of initial fuse The attachment of the initial fuse to the wheel shall be secure when tested in accordance with 8.1. 4.3 Protection of initial fuse 4.3.1 General The initial fuse shall be protected in one of the ways specified in 4.3.2, 4.3.3 or 4.3.4. 4.3.2 Initial fuse protected by fuse cover An orange fuse cover shall be in place over the initial fuse. Conformity to this requirement shall be verified by visual examination. 4.3.3 Initial fuse protected by primary pack or selection pack The wheel shall be contained in a primary pack or selection pack conforming to 6. Conformity to this requirement shall be verified by visual examination.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 8 4.3.4 Protruding fuse designed to resist side ignition When tested in accordance with 8.4, the protruding fuse shall not ignite. 4.4 Height of initial fuse When measured in accordance with 8.2.3.3, the initial fuse of the mounted wheel shall be not more than 1,75 m above the ground. 4.5 Materials of firework case The body of the firework case shall be made of paper, cardboard or plastics. The other components in the assembly, excluding staples and means of attaching to the support, shall be made of paper, cardboard, wood or plastics. The end closures, if any, shall be of non-metallic material. Conformity to these requirements shall be verified by visual examination. 4.6 Integrity There shall be no holes, splits, dents or bulges in the body of the firework case, except those technically necessary for the correct functioning of the wheel. There shall be no holes or splits in the end closure(s). If the end closure (or the end closures) is a (are) separate component(s), it (they) shall be securely in place. Conformity to these requirements shall be verified by visual examination. 4.7 Net explosive content When determined in accordance with 8.3, a category 2 wheel shall have a net explosive content of not more than 100,0 g. Each whistle unit, if any, shall have a net explosive content of not more than 5,0 g. When determined in accordance with 8.3, a category 3 wheel shall have a net explosive content of not more than 900,0 g. Each single unit shall have a net explosive content of not more than 150,0 g. Each whistle unit, if any, shall have a net explosive content of not more than 20,0 g.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 9 5 Performance 5.1 Initial fuse When tested in accordance with 8.2, the initial fuse of a wheel shall ignite within 10 s and the ignition shall be visible. For category 2 wheels, the duration of the initial fuse burning shall be 3,0 s to 8,0 s, when tested in accordance with 8.2. For category 3 wheels, the duration of the initial fuse burning shall be 5,0 s to 13,0 s, when tested in accordance with 8.2. 5.2 Principal effects When tested in accordance with 8.2, the principal effects of the wheel, as given in EN 14035-2, shall be rotation around a fixed point or axis and the emission of sparks and flames, with or without aural effect(s). 5.3 Functioning When tested in accordance with 8.2, the wheel shall function completely. 5.4 Explosions When tested in accordance with 8.2, the wheel shall not produce an explosion. 5.5 Sound pressure level
When tested in accordance with 8.2, a category 2 wheel with aural effect shall produce a maximum A-weighted impulse sound pressure level (LAImax) of not higher than 120 dB(AI) at a horizontal distance of 8,0 m from the testing point and a height of 1,0 m above the ground. When tested in accordance with 8.2, a category 3 wheel with aural effect shall produce a maximum A-weighted impulse sound pressure level (LAImax) of not higher than 120 dB(AI) at a horizontal distance of 15,0 m from the testing point and a height of 1,0 m above the ground. 5.6 Burning matter When tested in accordance with 8.2, no burning or incandescent matter from a category 2 wheel shall fall to the ground more than 6,0 m from the testing point. When tested in accordance with 8.2, no burning or incandescent matter from a category 3 wheel shall fall to the ground more than 15,0 m from the testing point. When tested in accordance with 8.2, any flames caused by the functioning of the wheel shall be extinguished within 60,0 s of the wheel ceasing to function. When tested in accordance with 8.2, the support pole shall not catch fire.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 10 6 Primary pack or selection pack If a primary pack or selection pack is required to protect the initial fuse(s) of the wheel(s) (see 4.3.3), the pack shall completely enclose the wheel(s). There shall be no holes or splits in the pack, except those which are intended to enable the packaging to be opened and those which are otherwise technically necessary. Conformity with these requirements shall be verified by visual examination. 7 Minimum labelling requirements 7.1 General Wheels and their primary packs, if any, shall be marked with the information specified in 7.2 to 7.5 and, if relevant, 7.7 and/or 7.8. The specified information shall be given in the language(s) of the country in which the wheels or primary packs are offered for retail sale. For each language, it shall be presented as a whole and shall not be interrupted by other text. Additional text given in another language shall not conflict with the specified information. Conformity with the requirements specified in 7.1 to 7.5, 7.6.1, 7.7.2 and 7.8 shall be verified by visual examination. NOTE Examples of typical labels for bangers, for which many of the marking requirements are similar to those specified for wheels in this standard, are given in EN 14035-4. 7.2 Type name and category The type name shall be marked, in upper case, as 'WHEEL'. If a trade name is used in addition to the type name, it shall not conflict with the effect of a wheel or with the name of another type of firework. The appropriate category shall be marked, in upper case, as 'CATEGORY 2' or 'CAT 2', for example. 7.3 Safety information 7.3.1 General Safety information shall be emphasized by use of a heading, or bold type, or similar. If necessary, instructions in addition to those specified in 7.3.2 to 7.3.4 may be given.
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 11
7.3.2 Category 2 wheels Labelling shall include at least the following safety information in the order as given: — 'For outdoor use only'; — 'Remove orange fuse cover'1);; Specific mounting instructions for different types of wheels, inserted as appropriate (see 7.3.4); — 'Straighten fuse carefully'2); — 'Light fuse at its outermost end'; — 'Retire immediately at least 8 m'. 7.3.3 Category 3 wheels Labelling shall include at least the following safety information in the order as given: — 'For outdoor use only'; — 'Remove orange fuse cover'1); Specific mounting instructions for different types of wheels, inserted as appropriate (see 7.3.4); — 'Straighten fuse carefully'2) and attach it to the post'; — 'Light fuse at its outermost end'; — 'Retire immediately’; — 'Spectators must be at least 25 m away'; — 'Operator must retire at least 15 m'. 7.3.4 Mounting instructions For vertical wheels mounted on a post: — 'Attach securely at a height of approx. y m to an upright post by means of a nail through the hole. Ensure the wheel is free to rotate'. For vertical wheels with a nail supplied: — 'Attach securely at a height of approx. y m to an upright post by means of the nail supplied through the hole. Ensure the wheel is free to rotate'. For horizontal wheels mounted on top of a post: — 'Attach securely at a height of approx. y m on top of an upright post by means of a nail through the hole. Ensure the wheel is free to rotate'. For horizontal wheels with a nail supplied: — 'Attach securely at a height of approx. y m on top of an upright post by means of the nail supplied through the hole. Ensure the wheel is free to rotate'. The mounting height, y, shall be 1,7 m for category 2 wheels and 2,75 m for category 3 wheels. For wheels supplied with a special holding device, or for which particular instructions are necessary, the manufacturer shall provide appropriate instructions.
1) If applicable 2) If appropriate
EN 14035-36:2004 (E) 12 7.4 Name, address and telephone number of manufacturer or distributor or importer Labelling shall include: — the name or trade mark, the address and the telephone number of the manufacturer; or — an abbreviation or a code allowing the identification of the manufacturer, and the name or trade mark, the address and the telephone number
— of his authorized distributor; or — if the manufacturer is not established in a CEN member country, of the importer in a CEN member country. The address shall comprise at least the town and the country. On the wheel at least the abbreviations allowing the identification of — the manufacturer; or — the distributor or importer, with an additional code or abbreviation for the manufacturer shall be marked. 7.5 Reference to this standard A wheel shall be marked with ‘EN 14035-36’. A primary pack shall be marked with the words 'Contents conform to EN 14035-36’. 7.6 Printing 7.6.1 Labelling Labelling shall be clearly visible, easily legible, indelible and on a single-colour background. NOTE Printing errors which are not misleading should not be classified as faults. 7.6.2 Type size When measured in accordance with 8.5, the type sizes shall be such that the height of the character ‘X’ (in upper case) is at least 2,8 mm for the information specified in 7.2, 7.3 and 7.8 and at least 2,1 mm for the other information. 7.7 Marking of very small wheels 7.7.1 Reduced size If the wheel does
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