SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012

Plasma display panels - Part 2-4: Measuring methods - Visual quality: Image artifacts

IEC 61988-2-4:2011 determines the measuring methods for characterizing the performance of plasma display panel (PDP) modules in the following areas:  a) viewing angle;  b) image streaking;  c) flicker;   d) moving picture resolution.

Plasmabildschirme - Teil 2-4: Messverfahren - Visuelle Qualität: Bild-Artefakte

Panneaux d'affichage à plasma - Partie 2-4: Méthodes de mesure - Qualité visuelle: Artéfacts d'image

La CEI 61988-2-4:2011 détermine les méthodes de mesure de caractérisation des performances des modules de panneaux d'affichage à plasma (PDP)  dans les domaines suivants:   a) angle de visualisation;   b) filage d'image;   c) papillotement (scintillement);   d) résolution d'images animées.

Plošče s plazemskim prikazovalnikom - 2-4. del: Merilne metode - Vizualna kakovost: slikovni artefakti

Ta del IEC 60794 je skupinska specifikacija, ki zajema simpleksne in dupleksne optične kable za notranjo uporabo, razen kablov, ki se uporabljajo pri zaključenih sestavah, določenih z IEC 60794-2-50. Zahteve področne specifikacije IEC 60794-2 veljajo za kable, zajete s tem standardom. Za kable, namenjene za vgradnjo v industrijske aplikacije, ki jih določa ISO/IEC 24702, so lahko dodatno zahtevane specifikacije MICE.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 16-Nov-2011
• ICS: 31.120 - Electronic display devices
• Technical Committee: I11 - Imaginarni 11
• Current Stage: 6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
• Start Date: 14-Nov-2011
• Due Date: 19-Jan-2012
• Completion Date: 17-Nov-2011
• Ref Project: EN 61988-2-4:2011 - Plasma display panels - Part 2-4: Measuring methods - Visual quality: Image artifacts

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
01-januar-2012
3ORãþHVSOD]HPVNLPSULND]RYDOQLNRPGHO0HULOQHPHWRGH9L]XDOQD
NDNRYRVWVOLNRYQLDUWHIDNWL
Plasma display panels - Part 2-4: Measuring methods - Visual quality: Image artifacts
Plasmabildschirme - Teil 2-4: Messverfahren - Visuelle Qualität: Bild-Artefakte
Panneaux d'affichage à plasma - Partie 2-4: Méthodes de mesure - Qualité visuelle:
Artéfacts d'image
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 61988-2-4:2011
ICS:
31.120 Elektronske prikazovalne Electronic display devices
naprave
SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012

EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 61988-2-4

NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2011
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

ICS 31.260


English version


Plasma display panels -
Part 2-4: Measuring methods -
Visual quality: Image artifacts
(IEC 61988-2-4:2011)


Panneaux d'affichage à plasma -  Plasmabildschirme -
Partie 2-4: Méthodes de mesure - Teil 2-4: Messverfahren -
Qualité visuelle: Artéfacts d'image Visuelle Qualität: Bild-Artefakte
(CEI 61988-2-4:2011) (IEC 61988-2-4:2011)





This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-09-29. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels


© 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 61988-2-4:2011 E

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
EN 61988-2-4:2011 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 110/260/CDV, future edition 1 of IEC 61988-2-4, prepared by IEC TC 110, "Flat
panel display devices", was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 61988-2-4:2011.

The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2012-06-29
• latest date by which the document has
to be implemented at national level by
publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2014-09-29
• latest date by which the national
standards conflicting with the
document have to be withdrawn

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 61988-2-4:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 61747-6:2004 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61747-6:2004 (not modified).
IEC 61747-6-3:2011 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 61747-6-3:2011 (not modified).

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
- 3 - EN 61988-2-4:2011
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.

NOTE  When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD
applies.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year

1)
IEC 60068-1 1988 Environmental testing - EN 60068-1 1994
+ corr. October 1988 Part 1: General and guidance


IEC 60107-1 1997 Methods of measurement on receivers for EN 60107-1 1997
television broadcast transmissions -
Part 1: General considerations -
Measurements at radio and video frequencies


2)
IEC 61988-1 2003 Plasma display panels - EN 61988-1 2003
Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols


IEC 61988-2-1 2002 Plasma display panels - EN 61988-2-1 2002
Part 2-1: Measuring methods - Optical


IEC 61988-2-2 2003 Plasma display panels - EN 61988-2-2 2003
Part 2-2: Measuring methods - Optoelectrical


CIE 15 2004 Colorimetry - -


1)
EN 60068-1 includes A1 to IEC 60068-1 + corr. October .
2)
EN 61988-1 is superseded by EN 61988-1:2011, which is based on IEC 61988-1:2011.

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012

IEC 61988-2-4
®

Edition 1.0 2011-08
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
colour
inside


Plasma display panels –
Part 2-4: Measuring methods – Visual quality: Image artifacts

Panneaux d’affichage à plasma –
Partie 2-4: Méthodes de mesure – Qualité visuelle: Artéfacts d’image


INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
CODE PRIX V
ICS 31.260 ISBN 978-2-88912-660-6

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
– 2 – 61988-2-4 © IEC:2011
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Structure of measuring equipment . 7
5 Standard measuring conditions . 8
5.1 General . 8
5.2 Adjustment of PDP modules . 8
6 Measuring methods . 8
6.1 Viewing angle . 8
6.1.1 Purpose . 8
6.1.2 Equipment . 8
6.1.3 Measuring equipment setup . 8
6.1.4 Measuring method of half luminance viewing angle . 9
6.1.5 Measuring method of half contrast viewing angle . 10
6.1.6 Measuring method of 10:1 Contrast ratio viewing angle . 11
6.1.7 Measuring method of colour viewing angle . 12
6.2 Image streaking . 13
6.2.1 Purpose . 13
6.2.2 Equipment . 13
6.2.3 Measuring method of image streaking . 13
6.3 Flicker . 17
6.3.1 Purpose . 17
6.3.2 Equipment . 17
6.3.3 Measuring method of flicker . 17
6.4 Moving picture resolution . 19
6.4.1 General . 19
6.4.2 Subjective measuring method of Moving Picture Resolution . 20
6.4.3 Objective measuring method of moving picture resolution . 22
Annex A (informative) Simulation method of moving picture resolution . 27
Annex B (informative) Technical description on moving picture resolution . 32
Bibliography . 35

Figure 1 – Measuring equipment setup and example of measuring results for
horizontal and vertical viewing angles . 9
Figure 2 – Low APL image streaking patterns and measuring points . 15
Figure 3 – High APL image streaking patterns and measuring points . 16
Figure 4 – Measuring systems and its arrangement . 18
Figure 5 – Flicker sensitivity curve . 18
Figure 6 – Measured luminance frequency spectrum. 19
Figure 7 – Image pattern for the evaluation of resolution . 22
Figure 8 – Peak level and amplitude of the test signal . 24
Figure 9 – Example of captured image . 25
Figure 10 – Example of Fourier transform . 25
Figure 11 – Example of limit resolution evaluation . 26

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
61988-2-4 © IEC:2011 – 3 –
Figure A.1 – The simulation principle of motion artifacts for a 5-bit binary subfield
arrangement . 28
Figure A.2 – Set-up to measure the temporal step response . 29
Figure A.3 – Simulation of modulation transfer function (MTF) at the different special
frequencies . 31
Figure B.1 – Example of sub-sampling . 33
Figure B.2 – Effect of the sub-sampling method and 0,5 ppf motion in the resolution . 34

Table 1 – Example of half luminance viewing angle . 10
Table 2 – Example of half contrast viewing angle . 11
Table 3 – Example of 10:1 contrast ratio viewing angle . 12
Table 4 – Example of colour viewing angle . 13
Table 5 – Example of image streaking ratio report . 17
Table 6 – Flicker level report table . 19
Table 7 – Comparison of units for moving speed . 21

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
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INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
_____________

PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS –

Part 2-4: Measuring methods –
Visual quality: Image artifacts


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 61988-2-4 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 110:
Flat panel display devices.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
110/260/CDV 110/297/RVC

Full information on the voting for the approval on this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 61988 series, under the general title Plasma display panels,
can be found on the IEC website.

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
61988-2-4 © IEC:2011 – 5 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates
that it contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct
understanding of its contents. Users should therefore print this document using a
colour printer.

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
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PLASMA DISPLAY PANELS –

Part 2-4: Measuring methods –
Visual quality: Image artifacts



1 Scope
This part of IEC 61988 determines the measuring methods for characterizing the performance
of plasma display panel (PDP) modules in the following areas:
a) viewing angle;
b) image streaking;
c) flicker;
d) moving picture resolution.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of these standards.
For standards with explicit dates, only the edition cited applies. For standards references, the
latest edition of the referenced standard (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-1:1988, Environmental testing – Part 1: General and guidance
IEC 60107-1:1997, Methods of measurement on receivers for television broadcast
transmissions – Part 1: General considerations – Measurements at radio and video
frequencies
IEC 61988-1:2003, Plasma display panels – Part 1: Terminology and letter symbols
IEC 61988-2-1:2002, Plasma display panels – Part 2-1: Measuring methods – Optical
IEC 61988-2-2:2003, Plasma display panels – Part 2-2: Measuring methods – Optoelectrical
CIE 15:2004, Colorimetry, 3rd Edition
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 61988-1,
IEC 60068-1, and IEC 60107-1, as well as the following apply.
3.1
viewing angle
angular range over which a display can be viewed with acceptable specified visual
performance
NOTE This document specifies two types of viewing angle regarding the viewing direction, such as horizontal and
vertical.
3.2
half luminance viewing angle
viewing angle over which the luminance is equal or higher than half of the luminance
measured at the angle perpendicular to the screen

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
61988-2-4 © IEC:2011 – 7 –
3.3
half contrast viewing angle
viewing angle over which the contrast ratio is equal or higher than half of the contrast ratio
measured at the angle perpendicular to the screen
3.4
10:1 contrast ratio viewing angle
viewing angle over which the contrast ratio is equal or higher than 10:1
3.5
colour viewing angle
viewing angle over which the chromaticity shift Δ(u',v') is equal or less than specified
threshold value
3.6
image streaking
variance in luminance with changing vertical or horizontal line load
3.7
flicker
unintended but perceptible temporal periodic fluctuation in luminance
3.8
moving picture resolution
perceived number of picture lines for moving pictures on the display screen
NOTE Moving picture resolution is not determined only by the physical pixel number of the panel (termed
“addressability”), but also by the moving picture performance in terms of motion artefacts. The resolution is
expressed in picture line in the document and it can be easily converted to well-known TV-line.
3.9
modulation transfer function
MTF
ratio of the final to the initial signal amplitude as a function of spatial frequency
NOTE MTF is the magnitude part of optical transfer function (OTF).
3.10
limit resolution
maximum number of picture lines which observer can distinguish excepting spurious
resolution
NOTE See Figure 7.
3.11
spurious resolution
phenomenon occurring at a spatial frequency higher than the limit resolution in which the
observed pattern of the resolution chart is different from the original pattern
NOTE Spurious resolution is usually recognized as a change of the number of lines. For example four lines
become three lines or five lines. See Figure 7.
4 Structure of measuring equipment
The system diagrams and/or operating conditions of the measuring equipment shall comply
with the structure specified in each item.

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
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5 Standard measuring conditions
5.1 General
The standard measuring conditions defined in IEC 61988-2-1 and IEC 61988-2-2 shall be
used, and also the following conditions shall be applied.
5.2 Adjustment of PDP modules
For contrast adjustable PDP modules, adjust the contrast to the maximum value under the
standard environmental conditions.
Automatic control functions such as auto-power control (APC), image sticking prevention
mode, etc., by which the display luminance could change during the measurement shall be
turned off or the activation of these functions shall be avoided by some measuring procedures
described below.
When the displayed luminance could be changed by some automatic control functions
included in the PDP module and turning off these functions is not convenient, a procedure
using sequentially changing input images or a procedure using a turn-on, measure and turn-
off sequence shall be applied.
For the procedure of sequentially changing input images, the input signals shall be changed
just before the display luminance is changed and the measurement shall be carried out when
the measured image is displayed. The input signal, except the measured image, should be
any suitable signal that disables the automatic control functions mentioned above. For the
procedure of using a turn-on, measure and turn-off sequence, the PDP module shall be
sequentially turned off and turned on just before the displayed luminance is changed. The
measurement shall be carried out when the measured image is displayed.
The displayed luminance of both procedures mentioned above usually remains constant for
several minutes which is enough for a stable measurement with a light measurement device.
6 Measuring methods
6.1 Viewing angle
6.1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this method is to measure the horizontal and vertical viewing angle of half
luminance, half contrast, 10:1 contrast ratio, and colour of the PDP modules.
6.1.2 Equipment
The following equipment shall be used:
a) driving power source;
b) driving signal equipment;
c) light measuring device (LMD);
d) angle measuring equipment.
6.1.3 Measuring equipment setup
Measurements shall be carried out with the measuring equipment setup shown in Figure 1.
For the upward/downward arrangement of LMD, PDP module may be tilted instead of
movement of LMD. Care shall be taken to avoid the influence of light from the surround. When
a different measuring equipment setup is used, it shall be noted on the report. Figure 1 also

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
61988-2-4 © IEC:2011 – 9 –
shows an example of measured results. Distance between the PDP module and LMD shall be
set according to 5.3.3 of IEC 61988-2-1:2002.
φ
V
Threshold
θ
U
LMD
Panel
(side view)
2,,5 V
Panel
(top view)
φ
V
V
0
2,5 V
,
φ
H
θ
D
LMD
Measured value
(luminance, contrast ratio, chromaticity)
Threshold
φ
H
0
θ θ
L R

IEC  1903/11 IEC  1904/11

(a) Horizontal viewing angle (b) Vertical viewing angle
Key
φ horizontal angle of the LMD to the screen (variable)
H
φ vertical angle of the LMD to the screen (variable)
L
θ left viewing angle
L
θ right viewing angle
R
θ upward viewing angle
U
θ downward viewing angle
D
V screen height
Threshold values are defined for each measuring item, e.g. half luminance, half contrast ratio etc.

Figure 1 – Measuring equipment setup and example of measuring results
for horizontal and vertical viewing angles
6.1.4 Measuring method of half luminance viewing angle
6.1.4.1 Procedure
The measurement shall be carried out in following procedure:
a) arrange the light measuring device (LMD) which should be positioned as shown in
Figure 1;
b) apply the 4 % window specified in IEC 61988-2-1 with the level of 100 % to the PDP
module;
c) measure the luminance at the angle perpendicular to the screen;
d) change angle to the left or right using a goniometric positioning device such as a rotating
o
platter and discrete angle gauge blocks to assure accurate angular alignments (±1 )
between the direction of light measuring device and the screen perpendicular;

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SIST EN 61988-2-4:2012
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e) measure luminance in the screen centre at each angle;
f) find right viewing angle (θ ) and left viewing angle (θ ) where the luminance value is half
R L
of the luminance measured at the angle perpendicular to the screen;
NOTE The critical viewing angles, θ and θ are obtained by making plots of the measured values for each
R L
measurement angle.
g) calculate horizontal viewing angle θ as follows:
H
θ = θ + θ
H L R
h) repeat a) to f) to measure the upward and downward viewing angles θ and θ similarly.
U D
i) calculate vertical viewing angle θ as follows:
V
θ = θ + θ .
V U D
6.1.4.2 Expression of results
An example of measured and calculated angle values is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 – Example of half luminance viewing angle
Half luminance viewing angle
Horizontal Vertical
Left Right Horizontal Upward Downward Vertical
viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle
θ θ θ θ θ θ
L_LIMIT R_LIMIT H U_LIMIT D_LIMIT V
degree degree degree degree degree degree
85 85 170 85 85 170

6.1.5 Measuring method of half contrast viewing angle
6.1.5.1 Procedure
The measurement shall be carried out in following procedure:
a) apply appropriate test signals (see c)) to the PDP module;
b) arrange the luminance meter to measure the luminance at screen centre from the
perpendicular direction;
c) make contrast ratio measurement specified in 6.3 of IEC 61988-2-1:2002, using 4 %
window pattern at centre screen;
d) change angle to the left or right using a goniometric positioning device such as a rotating
o
platter and discrete angle gauge blocks to assure accurate angular alignments (±1 )
between the direction of light measuring device and the screen perpendicular;
e) measure contrast ratio in the screen centre at each angle;
f) find right viewing angle(θ ) and left viewing angle(θ ) which have half maximum contrast
R L
ratio value;
NOTE The critical viewing angles, θ and θ are obtained by making plots of the measured values for each
R L
measurement angle.
g) calculate horizontal viewing angle θ as follows:
H
= θ + θ
θ
H L R
h) repeat a) to f) to measure the vertical viewing angle similarly;
i) calculate vertical viewing angle θ as follows:
V
θ = θ + θ .
V U D

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6.1.5.2 Expression of results
An example of measured and calculated angle values is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 – Example of half contrast viewing angle
Half contrast viewing angle
Horizontal Vertical
Left Right Horizontal Upward Downward Vertical
viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle viewing angle
θ θ θ θ θ θ
L_LIMIT R_LIMIT H U_LIMIT D_LIMIT V
degrees degrees degrees degrees degrees degrees
85 85 170 85 85 170

6.1.6 Measuring method of 10:1 Contrast ratio viewing angle
6.1.6.1 General
10:1 contrast ratio is known as a criterion of contrast ratio for readability of letters or
characters. So this 10:1 contrast ratio viewing angle specifies a viewing angle for simple
readability of the display.
6.1.6.2 Procedure
The measurement shall be carried out in following procedure:
a) apply appropriate test signals (see c)) to the PDP module;
b) arrange the luminance meter to measure the luminance at screen centre from the
perpendicular direction;
c) make contrast ra
...