SIST ISO 7148-2:2015
Plain bearings - Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials - Part 2: Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
Plain bearings - Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials - Part 2: Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
This part of ISO 7148 specifies tribological tests of polymer-based plain bearing materials under specified working conditions, i.e. load, sliding velocity and temperature, with and without lubrication. From the test results, data are obtained which indicate the relative tribological behaviour of metal-polymer and polymer-polymer rubbing parts.
The purpose of this part of ISO 7148 is to obtain, for polymer material combinations used in plain bearings, reproducible measured values for friction and wear under specified and exactly-defined test conditions without lubrication (dry surfaces) and with lubrication (boundary lubrication).
The test results give useful information for practical application only if all parameters of influence are identical. The more the test conditions deviate from the actual application, the greater the uncertainty of the applicability of the results.
Paliers lisses - Essai du comportement tribologique des matériaux antifriction - Partie 2: Essai des matériaux pour paliers à base de polymère
Drsni ležaji - Preskušanje materialov za drsne ležaje glede na tribološke lastnosti - 2. del: Preskušanje materialov za ležaje na osnovi polimerov
Ta del standarda ISO 7148 določa preskuse za materiale za ležaje na osnovi polimerov glede na tribološke lastnosti pod določenimi delovnimi pogoji, t. j. obremenitev, drsna hitrost in temperatura, z mazanjem ali brez. Preskusni rezultati zagotavljajo podatke, ki kažejo relativne tribološke lastnosti delov kovina-polimer in polimer-polimer, ki so izpostavljeni drgnjenju.
Namen tega dela standarda ISO 7148 je pridobiti ponovljive izmerjene vrednosti trenja in obrabe kombinacij polimernih materialov pod določenimi in natančno opredeljenimi preskusnimi pogoji brez mazanja (suhe površine) in z mazanjem (mejno mazanje). Preskusni rezultati zagotavljajo uporabne informacije za praktično uporabo samo, če so vsi parametri vpliva enaki. Bolj kot preskusni pogoji odstopajo od dejanske uporabe, večja je negotovost uporabnosti rezultatov.
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2015
1DGRPHãþD
SIST ISO 7148-2:2002
Drsni ležaji - Preskušanje materialov za drsne ležaje glede na tribološke lastnosti -
2. del: Preskušanje materialov za ležaje na osnovi polimerov
Plain bearings - Testing of the tribological behaviour of bearing materials - Part 2:
Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
Paliers lisses - Essai du comportement tribologique des matériaux antifriction - Partie 2:
Essai des matériaux pour paliers à base de polymère
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ISO 7148-2:2012
ICS:
21.100.10 Drsni ležaji Plain bearings
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7148-2
Second edition
2012-10-01
Plain bearings — Testing of the
tribological behaviour of bearing
materials —
Part 2:
Testing of polymer-based bearing
materials
Paliers lisses — Essai du comportement tribologique des matériaux
antifriction —
Partie 2: Essai des matériaux pour paliers à base de polymère
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the
address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 1
4 Special features for the tribological testing of polymer-based materials .2
5 Test methods . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Test method A — Pin-on-disc . 5
5.3 Test method B — Block (or pin)-on-ring. 6
5.4 Test method C — Plain bearing-on-shaft . 7
5.5 Test method D — Sphere-on-prism . 7
5.6 Test method E — Rotation under thrust load . 8
6 Test specimens. 9
6.1 Data required. 9
6.2 Polymer-based plain bearing materials (pl). 9
6.3 Materials of mating component . 9
6.4 Dimensions of test specimens . 9
6.5 Preparation of the test specimens .14
7 Test methods and test equipment .15
7.1 General .15
7.2 Test method A — Pin-on-disc .15
7.3 Test method B — Block-on-ring .16
7.4 Test method C — Plain bearing-on-shaft .16
7.5 Test method D — Sphere-on-prism .16
7.6 Test method E — Rotation under thrust load .17
8 Lubrication .17
8.1 General .17
8.2 Dry (dr) .18
8.3 Grease (gr) .18
8.4 Oil (oi) .18
8.5 Solid lubricant (so) .18
9 Designation .18
10 Test conditions .18
10.1 Environmental conditions .18
10.2 Mounting of the test specimens .19
10.3 Test variables .19
11 Test procedure .21
11.1 Running-in .21
11.2 Carrying out the tests .21
12 Analysis .21
12.1 General .21
12.2 Test results.22
Annex A (informative) Test report .23
Bibliography .25
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 7148-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 2,
Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7148-2:1999), which has been
technically revised.
ISO 7148 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plain bearings — Testing of the tribological
behaviour of bearing materials:
— Part 1: Testing of bearing metals
— Part 2: Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7148-2:2012(E)
Plain bearings — Testing of the tribological behaviour of
bearing materials —
Part 2:
Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
1 Scope
This part of ISO 7148 specifies tribological tests of polymer-based plain bearing materials under
specified working conditions, i.e. load, sliding velocity and temperature, with and without lubrication.
From the test results, data are obtained which indicate the relative tribological behaviour of metal-
polymer and polymer-polymer rubbing parts.
The purpose of this part of ISO 7148 is to obtain, for polymer material combinations used in plain
bearings, reproducible measured values for friction and wear under specified and exactly-defined test
conditions without lubrication (dry surfaces) and with lubrication (boundary lubrication).
The test results give useful information for practical application only if all parameters of influence are
identical. The more the test conditions deviate from the actual application, the greater the uncertainty
of the applicability of the results.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 527-2, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics
ISO 527-3, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets
ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 4385, Plain bearings — Compression testing of metallic bearing materials
ISO 6691, Thermoplastic polymers for plain bearings — Classification and designation
3 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms
See Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols, units and abbreviated terms
Symbol Term Unit
A, B, C, D, E Test method -
a Sliding distance km
dr Dry -
Coefficient of friction; ratio between friction force and normal force, i.e.:
F
f
f -
...
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 7148-2
Second edition
2012-10-01
Plain bearings — Testing of the
tribological behaviour of bearing
materials —
Part 2:
Testing of polymer-based bearing
materials
Paliers lisses — Essai du comportement tribologique des matériaux
antifriction —
Partie 2: Essai des matériaux pour paliers à base de polymère
Reference number
©
ISO 2012
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the
address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms . 1
4 Special features for the tribological testing of polymer-based materials .2
5 Test methods . 5
5.1 General . 5
5.2 Test method A — Pin-on-disc . 5
5.3 Test method B — Block (or pin)-on-ring. 6
5.4 Test method C — Plain bearing-on-shaft . 7
5.5 Test method D — Sphere-on-prism . 7
5.6 Test method E — Rotation under thrust load . 8
6 Test specimens. 9
6.1 Data required. 9
6.2 Polymer-based plain bearing materials (pl). 9
6.3 Materials of mating component . 9
6.4 Dimensions of test specimens . 9
6.5 Preparation of the test specimens .14
7 Test methods and test equipment .15
7.1 General .15
7.2 Test method A — Pin-on-disc .15
7.3 Test method B — Block-on-ring .16
7.4 Test method C — Plain bearing-on-shaft .16
7.5 Test method D — Sphere-on-prism .16
7.6 Test method E — Rotation under thrust load .17
8 Lubrication .17
8.1 General .17
8.2 Dry (dr) .18
8.3 Grease (gr) .18
8.4 Oil (oi) .18
8.5 Solid lubricant (so) .18
9 Designation .18
10 Test conditions .18
10.1 Environmental conditions .18
10.2 Mounting of the test specimens .19
10.3 Test variables .19
11 Test procedure .21
11.1 Running-in .21
11.2 Carrying out the tests .21
12 Analysis .21
12.1 General .21
12.2 Test results.22
Annex A (informative) Test report .23
Bibliography .25
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 7148-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 123, Plain bearings, Subcommittee SC 2,
Materials and lubricants, their properties, characteristics, test methods and testing conditions.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 7148-2:1999), which has been
technically revised.
ISO 7148 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plain bearings — Testing of the tribological
behaviour of bearing materials:
— Part 1: Testing of bearing metals
— Part 2: Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7148-2:2012(E)
Plain bearings — Testing of the tribological behaviour of
bearing materials —
Part 2:
Testing of polymer-based bearing materials
1 Scope
This part of ISO 7148 specifies tribological tests of polymer-based plain bearing materials under
specified working conditions, i.e. load, sliding velocity and temperature, with and without lubrication.
From the test results, data are obtained which indicate the relative tribological behaviour of metal-
polymer and polymer-polymer rubbing parts.
The purpose of this part of ISO 7148 is to obtain, for polymer material combinations used in plain
bearings, reproducible measured values for friction and wear under specified and exactly-defined test
conditions without lubrication (dry surfaces) and with lubrication (boundary lubrication).
The test results give useful information for practical application only if all parameters of influence are
identical. The more the test conditions deviate from the actual application, the greater the uncertainty
of the applicability of the results.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 527-2, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics
ISO 527-3, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets
ISO 2818, Plastics — Preparation of test specimens by machining
ISO 4385, Plain bearings — Compression testing of metallic bearing materials
ISO 6691, Thermoplastic polymers for plain bearings — Classification and designation
3 Symbols, units and abbreviated terms
See Table 1.
Table 1 — Symbols, units and abbreviated terms
Symbol Term Unit
A, B, C, D, E Test method -
a Sliding distance km
dr Dry -
Coefficient of friction; ratio between friction force and normal force, i.e.:
F
f
f -
f =
F
n
F Friction force N
f
F Normal force N
n
gr Grease
Coefficient of wear, volumetric wear rate related to the normal force, i.e.:
V w
w v 3
K mm /(N·km)
w
K = =
w
F ×a F
n n
l Linear wear as measured by change in distance mm
w
M Friction moment Nm
f
oi Oil -
p 2
Specific force per unit area (force/projected contact area) N/mm
R Compression strength N/mm
d,B
R Compression limit 0,2 % N/mm
d0,2
so Solid lubricant
Specimen’s temperature near the sliding surface during testing under steady-
T °C
state conditions
T Ambient temperature °C
amb
T Glass transition temperature °C
g
T Maximum permissible temperature °C
lim
t Test duration h
Ch
U Sliding velocity m/s
V Material removed by wear as measured by change in volume mm
W
l
w
Linear wear rate, i.e.; w =
w mm/km
l
l
a
V
w
Volumetric wear rate, i.e.: w =
w mm /km
v
v
a
η Lubricant viscosity mPa·s
4 Special features for the tribological testing of polymer-based materials
Polymers have a low thermal conductivity and a low melting temperature
...
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