F08.52 - Miscellaneous Playing Surfaces

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this method quantify the impact attenuation of playing surface and system specimens under the specific test conditions, either within a laboratory or the location the surface system is installed for use.  
5.2 The test method measures the outcome of impacts performed under specific conditions. It does not quantify the intrinsic material properties of the tested specimens.  
5.3 Test results from different specimens obtained under the same conditions (that is, the same missile mass and geometry, drop height, etc.) are used to compare impact attenuation under those conditions.  
5.4 Test results obtained under different conditions are not comparable. Specifically obtained with different missiles are not equivalent and cannot be directly compared. Similarly, test results obtained using the same missile, but using different drop heights, are not directly comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the impact attenuation of surface systems and materials, specifically the peak impact acceleration (“impact shock”) and calculates the Head Injury Criteria produced under prescribed impact conditions.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to surface systems intended to provide impact attenuation, made of naturally occurring or synthetic materials.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to impact attenuating mats and padding used in sports facilities, including, but not limited to: stadium wall padding, gymnastic mats, wrestling mats, turf playing systems, pole vault landing systems, and playground protective surfacing.  
1.4 This test method is used to measure the impact attenuation of materials and components used as protective padding on trampoline frames, goal posts, etc., provided the material or component can be tested separately from the equipment to which it is attached.  
1.5 Without modifications, this test method shall not be used to test materials and components that are attached to structures or equipment or finished products, unless the impact attenuation of the whole system is of interest.  
1.6 While it is widely believed that lower values for impact attenuation can reduce the severity of impact-related injuries, the relationships between the results of this test method and specific injury risk are within automotive testing data.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.9 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The force reduction property is just one of the important properties of a surface used for athletic activity. It may be an indicator of the performance, safety, comfort, or suitability of the surface.  
5.2 Manufacturers of athletic surfaces may use this test method to evaluate the effects of design changes on the impact forces generated on the surface.  
5.3 Facility owners may use this standard to evaluate the performance of existing sport/athletic surfaces. Results may be useful during the selection process for a replacement surface, or for an additional athletic surface being added to the facility.  
5.4 Facility owners may also use this test method to verify that newly installed surfaces perform at or near the levels included in project specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of impact forces generated through a mechanical impact test on an athletic surface. The impact forces simulated in this test method are intended to represent those produced by lower extremities of an athlete during landing events on sport or athletic surfaces.  
1.2 This test method may be applied to any surface where athletic activity may be conducted.  
1.3 The test methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes levels for athletic performance properties of multi-purpose indoor sports floor systems excluding turf and materials specific to running tracks and tennis courts.  
1.2 The methods described are applicable in both the laboratory and field unless otherwise stated.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements, classification, and test methods for synthetic surfaced running tracks. Even so, this specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification. The requirements for which newly installed synthetic surfaces shall be tested on and consequently comply to are imperfections, evenness, thickness, drainage, force reduction, modified vertical deformation, texture influence when wet, tensile properties, color in grey scale, weathering, spike resistance, and flammability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements and classification when tested in accordance with the procedures outlined within this specification. All documents referencing this specification must include classification required.  
1.2 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 A grass tennis court should provide a relatively uniform, high quality playing surface as it relates to footing and ball bounce. Undulations, rough surface, bare spots, weeds, and wet spots detract from good play. Playing surface quality is largely affected by construction and maintenance procedures, and this guide addresses those procedures.  
4.1.1 During construction, consideration should be given to factors such as soil physical and chemical properties, freedom of large stones and debris in the soil, surface and internal drainage, grass species selection, orientation of the court, and provisions for distributing wear on the playing surface.  
4.1.2 Maintenance practices that influence the playability of the surface include mowing height, mowing frequency, rolling, irrigation, fertilization, weed control, disease and insect control, cultivation, thatch control, topdressing, and overseeding.  
4.2 Those responsible for the design, construction, or maintenance, or a combination thereof, of tennis courts will benefit from this guide.  
4.3 This guide provides flexibility in choices of procedures and can be used to cover a variety of use and budget levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques that are appropriate for the construction and maintenance of grass tennis courts. This guide provides guidance for selection of soil systems and turfgrass species in court construction and for selection of management practices that will maintain an acceptable playing surface.  
1.2 Decisions in selecting construction and maintenance techniques are influenced by existing soil types, climatic factors, adaptation of grass species, level of play anticipated, intensity of use, budget, equipment, and training and ability of the turf management personnel.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The dynamic interaction between the athlete and the surface is significant to the performance and comfort of the athlete. Therefore, the ability of the surface to deform under load is important. Too high a vertical deformation can affect the athlete through instability of the foot. Area elastic and combination elastic floors may be further characterized by evaluating the area deflection properties of the surface. Floors with low area deflection levels prevent or remove vibrations through damping mechanisms or design components.  
4.2 Vertical deformation is a widely used and recognized property of sports surfaces. Governing bodies, trade associations, and a number of international standards recognize the significance of vertical deformation. A partial list of these organizations includes: FIBA, MFMA, ASTM, EN. Even FIFA utilizes a variation of this property. Area deflection is still commonly specified within North America and one governing body (FIBA) and one trade association (MFMA) currently use this property to certify systems within the required testing for their performance programs.  
4.3 Vertical deformation and area deflection testing are performed with a Stuttgart Artificial Athlete (SAA) which can be created by slightly modifying the BAA (Berlin Artificial Athlete) from Test Method F2569. Laboratory experiments are to be conducted at the standard 23 ± 2°C (72 ± 4°F), but tests at additional temperatures may be performed at the request of the client. When evaluating the deflective properties of sports surfaces in the field, testing is to be conducted at the ambient temperature. Deviations from the standard temperature may cause significantly different performance levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of deflections generated within a sports surface as an indication of the stability and comfort provided by the system.  
1.2 Vertical deformation provides a measure for the vertical motion generated within the sports surface system directly below the point of impact which has been normalized to a standard impact force.  
1.3 Area deflection provides a measure of the vibrations generated during an impact and their strength at a pre-determined distance from the point of impact.  
1.4 This method is not applicable to natural turf, synthetic turf or playground safety surfaces.  
1.5 This method is applicable to indoor and outdoor surfaces including but not limited to: wood and synthetic courts, walk/jog/run tracks, tennis courts, dance surfaces, aerobics and general fitness surfaces.  
1.6 The methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.  
1.7 Area deflection testing is optional, and only applicable to area-elastic, combined elastic and mixed elastic sport surfaces. These include wood surfaces, synthetic surfaces on a sprung wood subfloor, and point elastic surfaces with an internal area elastic component.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Units provided in parenthesis are informational only.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ball-surface interaction is just one of the important properties of a sports surface. It may be an indicator of the playability or suitability of the surface.  
5.2 Manufacturers of sporting balls may use this method to evaluate the effects of design changes on the rebound height produced.  
5.3 Manufacturers of sports surfaces may use this method to evaluate the effects of design changes in the sports surface system on the rebound height produced.  
5.4 The tendency of modern facilities to support multiple sports on a single surface may require that test surfaces be tested for several types of sporting balls. Examples include, but are not limited to: basketball, soccer, tennis, and baseball.  
5.5 The measurement of rebound height may be affected if the temperature of the ball has not reached equilibrium with the environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of the vertical rebound produced during impacts between athletic balls and athletic surfaces.  
1.2 Measurements may be conducted on nonathletic surfaces to test the performance properties of the ball.  
1.3 Measurements may be conducted using nonathletic balls to test the performance properties of the surface.  
1.4 The methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.  
1.5 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for reference only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this method quantify the impact attenuation of playing surface and system specimens under the specific test conditions.  
5.2 The test method measures the outcome of impacts performed under specific conditions. It does not quantify the intrinsic material properties of the tested specimens.  
5.3 Test results from different specimens obtained under the same conditions (that is, the same missile mass and geometry, drop height, etc.) are used to compare impact attenuation under those conditions.  
5.4 Test results obtained under different conditions are not comparable. Specifically obtained with different missiles are not equivalent and cannot be directly compared. Similarly, test results obtained using the same missile, but using different drop heights, are not directly comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the impact attenuation of surface systems and materials, specifically the peak impact acceleration (“impact shock”) produced under prescribed impact conditions.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to natural and artificial surface systems intended to provide impact attenuation, including natural and artificial turf sports fields.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to impact attenuating mats and padding used in sports facilities, including stadium wall padding, gymnastic mats, wrestling mats, turf playing systems, pole vault landing systems, playground protective surfacing, and other systems.  
1.4 This test method is used to measure the impact attenuation of materials and components used as protective padding on trampoline frames, goal posts, etc., provided the material or component can be tested separately from the equipment to which it is attached.  
1.5 Without modifications, this test method shall not be used to test materials and components that are attached to structures or equipment or finished products, unless the impact attenuation of the whole system is of interest.  
1.6 While it is widely believed that appropriate impact attenuation can reduce the risk of impact-related injuries, the relationships between the results of this test method and specific injury risk and outcomes have not been determined.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The results of this method quantify the impact attenuation of playing surface and system specimens under the specific test conditions.  
5.2 The test method measures the outcome of impacts performed under specific conditions. It does not quantify the intrinsic material properties of the tested specimens.  
5.3 Test results from different specimens obtained under the same conditions (that is, the same missile mass and geometry, drop height, etc.) are used to compare impact attenuation under those conditions.  
5.4 Test results obtained under different conditions are not comparable. Specifically obtained with different missiles are not equivalent and cannot be directly compared. Similarly, test results obtained using the same missile, but using different drop heights, are not directly comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the impact attenuation of surface systems and materials, specifically the peak impact acceleration (“impact shock”) produced under prescribed impact conditions.  
1.2 This test method is applicable to natural and artificial surface systems intended to provide impact attenuation, including natural and artificial turf sports fields.  
1.3 This test method is applicable to impact attenuating mats and padding used in sports facilities, including stadium wall padding, gymnastic mats, wrestling mats, turf playing systems, pole vault landing systems, playground protective surfacing, and other systems.  
1.4 This test method is used to measure the impact attenuation of materials and components used as protective padding on trampoline frames, goal posts, etc., provided the material or component can be tested separately from the equipment to which it is attached.  
1.5 Without modifications, this test method shall not be used to test materials and components that are attached to structures or equipment or finished products, unless the impact attenuation of the whole system is of interest.  
1.6 While it is widely believed that appropriate impact attenuation can reduce the risk of impact-related injuries, the relationships between the results of this test method and specific injury risk and outcomes have not been determined.  
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The force reduction property is just one of the important properties of a surface used for athletic activity. It may be an indicator of the performance, safety, comfort, or suitability of the surface.
Manufacturers of athletic surfaces may use this test method to evaluate the effects of design changes on the impact forces generated on the surface.
Facility owners may use this standard to evaluate the performance of existing sport/athletic surfaces. Results may be useful during the selection process for a replacement surface, or for an additional athletic surface being added to the facility.  
Facility owners may also use this test method to verify that newly installed surfaces perform at or near the levels included in project specifications.
  1=drop mass and striker 2=guide rod 3=spring 4=upper end-cap 5=bottom end-cap 6=test foot 7=adjustable support 8=height adjustment and
release mechanism 9=load cell 10=housing sleeve 11=guide holeFIG. 1 Force Reduction Test Apparatus
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of impact forces generated through a mechanical impact test on an athletic surface. The impact forces simulated in this test method are intended to represent those produced by lower extremities of an athlete during landing events on sport or athletic surfaces.  
1.2 This test method may be applied to any surface where athletic activity may be conducted.
1.3 The test methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes levels for athletic performance properties of multi-purpose indoor sports floor systems, excluding turf and materials specific to running tracks and tennis courts.
1.2 The methods described are applicable in both the laboratory and field unless otherwise stated.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A grass tennis court should provide a relatively uniform, high quality playing surface as it relates to footing and ball bounce. Undulations, rough surface, bare spots, weeds, and wet spots detract from good play. Playing surface quality is largely affected by construction and maintenance procedures, and this guide addresses those procedures.
During construction, consideration should be given to factors such as soil physical and chemical properties, freedom of large stones and debris in the soil, surface and internal drainage, grass species selection, orientation of the court, and provisions for distributing wear on the playing surface.
Maintenance practices that influence the playability of the surface include mowing height, mowing frequency, rolling, irrigation, fertilization, weed control, disease and insect control, cultivation, thatch control, topdressing, and overseeding.
Those responsible for the design, construction, or maintenance, or a combination thereof, of tennis courts will benefit from this guide.
This guide provides flexibility in choices of procedures and can be used to cover a variety of use and budget levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques that are appropriate for the construction and maintenance of grass tennis courts. This guide provides guidance for selection of soil systems and turfgrass species in court construction and for selection of management practices that will maintain an acceptable playing surface.
1.2 Decisions in selecting construction and maintenance techniques are influenced by existing soil types, climatic factors, adaptation of grass species, level of play anticipated, intensity of use, budget, equipment, and training and ability of the turf management personnel.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results of this method quantify the impact attenuation of playing surface and system specimens under the specific test conditions.
The test method measures the outcome of impacts performed under specific conditions. It does not quantify the intrinsic material properties of the tested specimens.
Test results from different specimens obtained under the same conditions (that is, the same missile mass and geometry, drop height, etc.) may be used to compare impact attenuation under those conditions.
Test results obtained under different conditions are not comparable. Specifically obtained with different missiles are not equivalent and cannot be directly compared. Similarly, test results obtained using the same missile, but using different drop heights, are not directly comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the impact attenuation of playing surface systems and materials, specifically the peak impact acceleration (“impact shock”) produced under prescribed impact conditions.
1.2 This test method is applicable to natural and artificial playing surface systems intended to provide impact attenuation, including natural and artificial turf sports fields and playground surfaces.
1.3 This test method is applicable to impact attenuating mats and padding used in sports facilities, including stadium wall padding, gymnastic mats and wrestling mats.
1.4 This test method may be used to measure the impact attenuation of materials and components used as protective padding on trampoline frames, goal posts, etc., provided the material or component can be tested separately from the equipment to which it is attached.
1.5 Without modifications, this test method shall not be used to test materials and components that are attached to structures or equipment or finished products, unless the impact attenuation of the whole system is of interest.
1.6 While it is widely believed that appropriate impact attenuation can reduce the risk of impact-related injuries, the relationships between the results of this test method and specific injury risk and outcomes have not been determined.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The ball-surface interaction is just one of the important properties of a sports surface. It may be an indicator of the playability or suitability of the surface.
Manufacturers of sporting balls may use this method to evaluate the effects of design changes on the rebound height produced.
Manufacturers of sports surfaces may use this method to evaluate the effects of design changes in the sports surface system on the rebound height produced.
The tendency of modern facilities to support multiple sports on a single surface may require that test surfaces be tested for several types of sporting balls. Examples include, but are not limited to: basketball, soccer, tennis, and baseball.
The measurement of rebound height may be affected if the temperature of the ball has not reached equilibrium with the environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of the vertical rebound produced during impacts between athletic balls and athletic surfaces.
1.2 Measurements may be conducted on nonathletic surfaces to test the performance properties of the ball.
1.3 Measurements may be conducted using nonathletic balls to test the performance properties of the surface.
1.4 The methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.
1.5 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for reference only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results of this method quantify the impact attenuation of playing surface and system specimens under the specific test conditions.
The test method measures the outcome of impacts performed under specific conditions. It does not quantify the intrinsic material properties of the tested specimens.
Test results from different specimens obtained under the same conditions (that is, the same missile mass and geometry, drop height, etc.) may be used to compare impact attenuation under those conditions.
Test results obtained under different conditions are not comparable. Specifically obtained with different missiles are not equivalent and cannot be directly compared. Similarly, test results obtained using the same missile, but using different drop heights, are not directly comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of certain shock-absorbing characteristics, the impact force-time relationships, and the rebound properties of playing surface systems. This test method is applicable to natural and artificial playing surface systems and to components thereof. Typical playing surfaces are wrestling mats, football fields, soccer fields, playgrounds, and so forth.
Note 1—This test method may also be used to measure the shock-attenuation properties of materials used as protective padding, such as the padding on trampoline frames, football goal posts, gymnasium wall, shoulder pads, body padding, and so forth. It should not be used, without some modifications, to test the finished products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The ball-surface interaction is just one of the important properties of a sports surface. It may be an indicator of the playability or suitability of the surface.
Manufacturers of sporting balls may use this method to evaluate the effects of design changes on the rebound height produced.
Manufacturers of sports surfaces may use this method to evaluate the effects of design changes in the sports surface system on the rebound height produced.
The tendency of modern facilities to support multiple sports on a single surface may require that test surfaces be tested for several types of sporting balls. Examples include, but are not limited to: basketball, soccer, tennis, and baseball.
The measurement of rebound height may be affected if the temperature of the ball has not reached equilibrium with the environment.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of the vertical rebound produced during impacts between athletic balls and athletic surfaces.
1.2 Measurements may be conducted on nonathletic surfaces to test the performance properties of the ball.
1.3 Measurements may be conducted using nonathletic balls to test the performance properties of the surface.
1.4 The values stated in metric units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for reference only.
1.5 The methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of the vertical rebound produced during impacts between athletic balls and athletic surfaces.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F08 on Sports Equipment and Facilities, this practice was withdrawn in February 2010 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The results of this method quantify the impact attenuation of playing surface and system specimens under the specific test conditions.
The test method measures the outcome of impacts performed under specific conditions. It does not quantify the intrinsic material properties of the tested specimens.
Test results from different specimens obtained under the same conditions (that is, the same missile mass and geometry, drop height, etc.) may be used to compare impact attenuation under those conditions.
Test results obtained under different conditions are not comparable. Specifically obtained with different missiles are not equivalent and cannot be directly compared. Similarly, test results obtained using the same missile, but using different drop heights, are not directly comparable.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of certain shock-absorbing characteristics, the impact force-time relationships, and the rebound properties of playing surface systems. This test method is applicable to natural and artificial playing surface systems and to components thereof. Typical playing surfaces are wrestling mats, football fields, soccer fields, playgrounds, and so forth.
Note 1—This test method may also be used to measure the shock-attenuation properties of materials used as protective padding, such as the padding on trampoline frames, football goal posts, gymnasium wall, shoulder pads, body padding, and so forth. It should not be used, without some modifications, to test the finished products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes levels for athletic performance properties of multi-purpose indoor sports floor systems, excluding turf and materials specific to running tracks and tennis courts.
1.2 The methods described are applicable in both the laboratory and field unless otherwise stated.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements, classification, and test methods for synthetic surfaced running tracks. Even so, this specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification. The requirements for which newly installed synthetic surfaces shall be tested on and consequently comply to are imperfections, evenness, thickness, drainage, force reduction, modified vertical deformation, texture influence when wet, tensile properties, color in grey scale, weathering, spike resistance, and flammability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements and classification when tested in accordance with the procedures outlined within this specification. All documents referencing this specification must include classification required.
1.2 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements, classification, and test methods for synthetic surfaced running tracks. Even so, this specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification. The requirements for which newly installed synthetic surfaces shall be tested on and consequently comply to are imperfections, evenness, thickness, drainage, force reduction, modified vertical deformation, texture influence when wet, tensile properties, color in grey scale, weathering, spike resistance, and flammability.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements and classification when tested in accordance with the procedures outlined within this specification. All documents referencing this specification must include classification required.
1.2 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The force reduction property is just one of the important properties of a surface used for athletic activity. It may be an indicator of the performance, safety, comfort, or suitability of the surface.  
Manufacturers of athletic surfaces may use this test method to evaluate the effects of design changes on the impact forces generated on the surface.
Facility owners may use this standard to evaluate the performance of existing sport/athletic surfaces. Results may be useful during the selection process for a replacement surface, or for an additional athletic surface being added to the facility.  
Facility owners may also use this test method to verify that newly installed surfaces perform at or near the levels included in project specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the quantitative measurement and normalization of impact forces generated through a mechanical impact test on an athletic surface. The impact forces simulated in this test method are intended to represent those produced by lower extremities of an athlete during landing events on sport or athletic surfaces.
1.2 This test method may be applied to any surface where athletic activity may be conducted.
1.3 The test methods described are applicable in both laboratory and field settings.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
A grass tennis court should provide a relatively uniform, high quality playing surface as it relates to footing and ball bounce. Undulations, rough surface, bare spots, weeds, and wet spots detract from good play. Playing surface quality is largely affected by construction and maintenance procedures, and this guide addresses those procedures.
4.1.1 During construction, consideration should be given to factors such as soil physical and chemical properties, freedom of large stones and debris in the soil, surface and internal drainage, grass species selection, orientation of the court, and provisions for distributing wear on the playing surface.
4.1.2 Maintenance practices that influence the playability of the surface include mowing height, mowing frequency, rolling, irrigation, fertilization, weed control, disease and insect control, cultivation, thatch control, topdressing, and overseeding.
Those responsible for the design, construction, or maintenance, or a combination thereof, of tennis courts will benefit from this guide.
This guide provides flexibility in choices of procedures and can be used to cover a variety of use and budget levels.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques that are appropriate for the construction and maintenance of grass tennis courts. This guide provides guidance for selection of soil systems and turfgrass species in court construction and for selection of management practices that will maintain an acceptable playing surface.
1.2 Decisions in selecting construction and maintenance techniques are influenced by existing soil types, climatic factors, adaptation of grass species, level of play anticipated, intensity of use, budget, equipment, and training and ability of the turf management personnel.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the minimum performance requirements and classification when tested in accordance with the procedures outlined within this specification. All documents referencing this specification must include classification required.
1.2 This specification does not imply that an injury cannot be incurred if the surface is found to be in compliance with this specification.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are provided for information only.

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Dynamic data obtained by these procedures are indicative of the cushioning properties of the playing surface systems and materials under the specific conditions selected.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of certain shock-absorbing characteristics, the impact force-time relationships, and the rebound properties of playing surface systems. This test method is applicable to natural and artificial playing surface systems and to components thereof. Typical playing surfaces are wrestling mats, football fields, soccer fields, playgrounds, and so forth.Note 1—This test method may also be used to measure the shock-attenuation properties of materials used as protective padding, such as the padding on trampoline frames, football goal posts, gymnasium wall, shoulder pads, body padding, and so forth. It should not be used, without some modifications, to test the finished products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of certain shock-absorbing characteristics, the impact force-time relationships, and the rebound properties of playing surface systems. This test method is applicable to natural and artificial playing surface systems and to components thereof. Typical playing surfaces are wrestling mats, football fields, soccer fields, playgrounds, and so forth.Note 1—This test method may also be used to measure the shock-attenuation properties of materials used as protective padding, such as the padding on trampoline frames, football goal posts, gymnasium wall, shoulder pads, body padding, and so forth. It should not be used, without some modifications, to test the finished products.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers minimum requirements of size, physical characteristics of materials, standard testing procedures, labeling and identification of pole vault landing pits.
1.2 The values as stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are given for information only.
1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers techniques that are appropriate for the construction and maintenance of grass tennis courts. This guide provides guidance for selection of soil systems and turfgrass species in court construction and for selection of management practices that will maintain an acceptable playing surface.
1.2 Decisions in selecting construction and maintenance techniques are influenced by existing soil types, climatic factors, adaptation of grass species, level of play anticipated, intensity of use, budget, equipment, and training and ability of the turf management personnel.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers shock absorption properties of fencing surfaces as measured by a drop test. The minimum performance standard for shock absorption is defined. Guidelines for other features and properties of fencing surfaces are described.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This specification does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with fencing surfaces and will not prevent all surface-related injuries. It is the responsibility of the user of the surfaces to establish appropriate safety and health practices, including, but not limited to, foot movement, footwear (shoes), and training practices. Specific precautionary statements are given in 5.3.

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers shock absorption properties of fencing surfaces as measured by a drop test. The minimum performance standard for shock absorption is defined. Guidelines for other features and properties of fencing surfaces are described.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.  
1.3 This specification does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with fencing surfaces and will not prevent all surface-related injuries. It is the responsibility of the user of the surfaces to establish appropriate safety and health practices, including, but not limited to, foot movement, footwear (shoes), and training practices. Specific precautionary statements are given in Notes 4 and 5.

ABSTRACT
This specification covers shock absorption properties of fencing surfaces as measured by a drop test. The minimum performance standard for shock absorption is defined. Guidelines for other features and properties of fencing surfaces are described. The types of fencing surfaces covered by this specification are as follows: Type I—concrete; Type II—covered concrete (for example, with linoleum tiles, or rubber runners); Type III—hardwood on concrete; Type IV—plywood on concrete; Type V—hardwood on floor joists; Type VI—plywood on hardwood; Type VII—raised plywood; Type VIII—other surfaces such as synthetic gym floors or recycled rubber composite; Type IX—rubber runners (strips) on various flooring types, except concrete; and Type X—copper or steel fencing strips on various flooring types, except concrete. Materials shall be tested and the individual grades shall conform to specified values of shock attenuation, stability, and shoe-to-surface interface.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers shock absorption properties of fencing surfaces as measured by a drop test. The minimum performance standard for shock absorption is defined. Guidelines for other features and properties of fencing surfaces are described.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.3 This specification does not purport to address all the safety concerns, if any, associated with fencing surfaces and will not prevent all surface-related injuries. It is the responsibility of the user of the surfaces to establish appropriate safety and health practices, including, but not limited to, foot movement, footwear (shoes), and training practices. Specific precautionary statements are given in 5.3.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This specification covers shock absorption properties of fencing surfaces as measured by a drop test. The minimum performance standard for shock absorption is defined. Guidelines for other features and properties of fencing surfaces are described.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F08 on Sports Equipment, Playing Surfaces, and Facilities, this specification was withdrawn in January 2016 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.