CEN/TC 335/WG 5 - Chemical Test Methods

This European Standard is intended for determination of the minor elements Arsenic, Cadmium, Cobalt, Chromium, Copper, Mercury, Manganese, Molybdenum, Nickel, Lead, Antimony, Vanadium and Zinc in all solid biofuels. Further it specifies methods for sample decomposition and suggests suitable instrumental methods for the determination of the elements of interest in the digests. The determination of other elements as Selenium, Tin and Thallium is also possible with the method described in this European Standard.

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contents in solid biofuels.

This European Standard specifies methods for the determination of major elements of solid biofuels respectively of their ashes, which are Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, P, K, Si, Na, Ti. The determination of other elements such as barium (Ba) and manganese (Mn) is also possible with the methods described in this European Standard.
The European Standard includes two parts: Part A describes the direct determination on the fuel, this method is also applicable for sulfur and minor elements, Part B gives a method of determination on a prepared 550 °C ash.

This European Standard specifies methods for the determination of the total sulfur and total chlorine content in solid biofuels. The standard specifies two methods for digestion of the fuel and different analytical techniques for the quantification of the elements in the digest solutions. The use of automatic equipment is also included in this European Standard provided that a validation is carried out as specified.

This European Standard gives equations, which allow analytical data relating to solid biofuels to be expressed on the different bases in common use. Consideration is given to corrections that may be applied to certain determined values for solid biofuels prior to their calculation to other bases.
In the informative Annex A tools for integrity checks of analytical results are given. In the informative Annex B conversion factors for calculation into other units are given. The informative Annex C is a guideline for the use of validation parameters as can be found in CEN analytical standards.

This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the water soluble chloride, sodium and potassium content in solid biofuels by extraction with water in a closed container and their following quantification by different analytical techniques.

This Technical Specification describes methods for the determination of the total sulphur and total chlorine content in solid biofuels. The method describes a procedure for the digestion and different analytical techniques for the quantification of the elements in the digestion solution.
The method is applicable for all biofuel samples containing more than 50 mg/kg of chlorine and/or sulphur.

This Technical Specification describes methods for the determination of major elements of solid biofuels respectively of their ashes, which are Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, P, K, Si, Na, Ti. The determination of barium (Ba) and manganese (Mn) is also possible with the methods described in this Technical Specification.
The Standard includes two parts: Part A describes the direct determination on the fuel, this method is also applicable for sulfur and minor elements, part B gives a method of determination on a prepared 550°C ash.

This Technical Specification describes a method for the determination of total carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen contents in solid biofuels.

This Technical Specification describes a method for the determination of the water soluble content of chloride, sodium and potassium in solid biofuels by extraction with water in a closed container and their following quantification by different analytical techniques.
The method is applicable for all solid biofuels with water soluble contents more than 50 mg/kg for chloride and more than 10 mg/kg for sodium and potassium.

This working document aims to define the requirements and method used for testing the mechanical durability of briquettes. It is intended for persons and organisations that manufacture, plan, sell, erect or use machinery, equipment, tools and entire plants related to such briquettes, and to all persons and organisations involved in producing, purchasing, selling and utilising briquettes.
The durability is the measure of the resistance of densified fuels towards shocks and/or abrasion in consequence of handling and transportation processes.