ISO/TC 22/SC 36/WG 2 - Child restraint systems

This document establishes the positioning zones, dimensions and general and static strength requirements for lower tether anchorages. Lower tether anchorages can be used together with seat bight anchorages according to ISO 13216-1, or with other methods for anchoring child restraint systems (CRS) in road vehicles. This document is applicable to all seating positions, intended by the vehicle manufacturer, for use with rearward-facing CRSs. These seating positions can include outer and mid positions in rear seats (second and third row), as well as the front passenger seat. This document also specifies requirements and strength testing of retrofit lower tether anchorages.

This document classifies the spatial requirements in a vehicle to enable a child restraint system (CRS) to be conveniently mounted. It also specifies the dimensions of child restraint systems, to ensure that they will fit in vehicles. A classification scheme is provided to determine dimensional compatibility between child restraint systems and the available space at specified seating positions in vehicles. The dimensional requirements refer to forward-facing child restraint systems of three size categories, rearward-facing child restraint systems of three size categories, and lateral-facing child restraint systems of two categories. This edition of the document also incorporates size classification of booster systems.

This document specifies a child seat presence detection system that enables child seats placed on any passenger seats to be automatically detected where a child is at risk from an active airbag. The system provides the option of using additional information about the orientation of the child seat. This document specifies the minimum functional requirements in order to ensure compatibility between child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD) child seats and CPOD passenger seats. Compatibility measurements and labelling requirements complement the obligatory specifications of this document. This document also provides design recommendations which are not compulsory when claiming compliance with ISO/TS 22239. However, these recommendations, based on experience of proven designs, provide useful guidance to designers to avoid erroneous designs and thus, enable designers to reduce time and cost of CPOD development. The tell-tale "child seat detected" required for a CPOD vehicle, the specific labelling required for a CPOD vehicle and CPOD child seat and the detailed information about the CPOD system functionality required for owner's manuals of CPOD vehicles and CPOD child seats will mitigate considerably the misuse probability. The document does not provide a failsafe physical mechanism that prevents the installation of non-CPOD child seats in a CPOD vehicle or vice versa. ISO/TS 22239 applies only to child restraint systems in which the child is orientated in the forward or rearward driving direction. NOTE 1 Throughout this document, the term "child seat" is used as an abbreviation of "CPOD child seat". NOTE 2 Throughout this document, the term "passenger seat" is used as an abbreviation of "CPOD-equipped passenger seat".

This document specifies the child seat presence and orientation detection (CPOD) resonator as part of the CPOD system. It defines the electrical and environmental requirements to be met by the resonators as a condition for CPOD compatibility.

ISO 29061-3:2017 specifies the criteria for judgement of usability of child restraint systems (CRS) when installing them with the vehicle seat belts. ISO 29061-3:2017 provides criteria for judgement of: - ease of availability of instructions; - clarity of instruction manual and labelling; and - ease of use of design related features of the CRS related to the installation in a vehicle. NOTE Booster system usability evaluation is covered by ISO 29061-5.

ISO 29061-5:2017 provides criteria for judgement of usability of booster seat child restraint systems (CRS) when installing them and securing a child. ISO 29061-5:2017 provides criteria for judgement of: - ease of availability of instructions; - clarity of instruction manual and labelling; and - ease of use of design related features of the CRS related to the installation in a vehicle. The procedure can also be used for evaluation of vehicle integrated booster systems. NOTE Although ISOFIX is defined in the original "ISOFIX" standard (ISO 13216‑1) to be a rigid system, the term "ISOFIX" in this document is extended to include flexible CRS attachments (LATCH, UAS).

ISO 29061-4:2017 provides criteria for judgement of usability of child restraint systems (CRS) with regard to the securing of a child in the child seat and other daily handling aspects. ISO 29061-4:2017 provides criteria for judgement of: - ease of availability of instructions; - clarity of instruction manual and labelling; and - the ease of use of design related features of the CRS related to securing the child or child dummy in a CRS installed in vehicle. ISO 29061-4:2017 can be used in conjunction with either ISO 29061-1 or ISO 29061-3 for making a complete usability evaluation of child restraint systems attached to the vehicle with ISOFIX/LATCH or vehicle seat belts. NOTE Booster system usability evaluation, including securing of a child in the booster system, is covered by ISO 29061-5.

ISO/DIS 22239-3:2017 specifies instructions for use as well as labelling requirements of child restraint systems (CRS) and vehicles equipped with the child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD) specified in ISO/TS 22239‑1, which enables the automatic recognition of CRS placed on a passenger seat.

ISO 29061-1:2011 provides criteria for the judgement of usability of child restraint systems (CRS) with ISOFIX attachments and their corresponding anchorages in the vehicle. ISO 29061-1:2011 provides criteria for a separate evaluation of the child restraint ISOFIX attachments, of the ISOFIX anchorage installation in the vehicle, and an evaluation of the interface issues when installing a child restraint system in a certain vehicle. ISO 29061-1:2011 covers both rigid and flexible attachment systems of the CRS.

ISO/PAS 13396:2009 mainly summarises the content of ISO/TR 14646 to assist the Informal Group on CRS of UNECE/GRSP in their development of a simplified side impact method based on commonly agreed input data. In addition to the content of ISO/TR 14646, new data and further recommendations have been included. Where not otherwise stated, ISO/TR 14646 is reference source. The essential input parameters given in Clause 3 are applicable to accessory child restraint systems aiming to offer side impact protection.

ISO/TS 29062:2009 specifies a test method for child restraint systems in side impact collisions. The test method simulates the conditions in which most of the serious injuries occur, and for which the child restraint characteristics can improve the protection of the child.

ISO/TR 14646:2007 summarises the work within ISO to define a side impact test method for child restraint systems (CRS). It presents the main background data, and experiences from crash tests carried out during the process of development. Additional relevant data are also presented.

ISO 13215-1:2006 specifies a basic methodology, including sample forms, for collection of data concerning misuse of child restraint systems in field studies. The purpose of using standardized forms is to provide a tool for quantification of misuse related to common misuse parameters, and to facilitate the exchange of data between different parties, thus making the results easily available for analysis. By using the sample forms provided, some main misuse configurations for several different groups of child restraint systems can be determined.

ISO 13216-2:2004 establishes the positioning zones, dimensions and general and static-strength requirements for top tether anchorages used together with seat bight anchorages according to ISO 13216-1 or with other systems for anchoring child restraint systems (CRS) in road vehicles. It is applicable to child restraint systems intended for children with a mass of up to 22 kg.

This part of ISO 13215 specifies the requirements and test methods for judging if user-installed child restraints are correctly installed. Acceptance criteria are given for the child restraint when tested by the specified methods. These methods provide a measure of the effectiveness of the child restraint in preventing incorrect installation, and also cover the correctness of use of the child harness. The method is intended for technical assessment (see 4.1). The method is not primarily indended for quality assurance or research purposes.

This part of ISO 13215 specifies a method to predict and quantify misuse of child restraint systems which is called Misuse Mode and Effect Analysis (MMEA). Such misuse may degrade the performance of child restraint systems. As a predictive method it should be applied at an early stage, before the child restraint system is put into use by consumers. The MMEA method is recommended to be used by manufacturers of child restraint systems. However, in order to further minimize misuse of child restraint systems, this method may also be used for type approval purposes. Being predictive implies the possibility of incompleteness and errors. Such errors can be minimized, if the proposed method is supported by the panel method [1] and by field studies. This part of ISO 13215 represents the best present consensus, but should be reviewed more frequently than other International Standards and revised in the light of increasing experience.

Provides a curve of the risk of AIS >= 3 thoracic injury as a function of hybrid III sternal deflection for shoulder belt loading. This curve can be used to assess the risk of belt-induced thoracic injury for restraint systems that use a shoulder belt. The risk curve only applies to Hybrid III sternal deflection measurements, that is provided by Hybrid III anthropometric test device.

ISO/TS 22239-2:2009 specifies the child seat presence and orientation detection (CPOD) resonator as part of the CPOD system. It defines the electrical and environmental requirements to be met by the resonators as a condition for CPOD compatibility.

ISO/TS 22239-1:2009 specifies a child seat presence detection system that enables child seats placed on any passenger seats to be automatically detected where a child is at risk from an active airbag. The system provides the option of using additional information about the orientation of the child seat. ISO/TS 22239-1:2009 describes the main system functionality, and provides design recommendations and requirements, compatibility measurements and labelling requirements. Compliance with the requirements of ISO/TS 22239-1:2009 ensures compatibility between child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD) child seats and CPOD passenger seats. ISO/TS 22239 applies only to child restraint systems in which the child is orientated in the forward or rearward driving direction.

ISO/TS 22239-3:2009 specifies instructions for use as well as labelling requirements of child restraint systems (CRS) and vehicles equipped with the child seat presence and orientation detection system (CPOD) specified in ISO/TS 22239-1, which enables the automatic recognition of CRS placed on a passenger seat.

Contains a compilation of major regulations and standards in the field of child restraint systems (CRS) for road vehicles. The aim is to show similarities and differences for specified items.