ISO/TC 206/WG 3 - Chemical analysis

This document specifies wet chemical and inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES)-based methods for the chemical analysis of calcium-phosphate-based powders for non-biomedical applications, such as those in the chemical industry, the treatment of air, water and soil contamination. It stipulates the methods used for the determination of major elements of calcium-phosphate-based powders and their impurities. Calcium-phosphate-based powders are decomposed by acid decomposition. The calcium content is determined using a titration method or an ICP–OES method. The phosphorus content is determined using a precipitation and gravimetric method or an ICP–OES method. Certain impurities, such as aluminium, barium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, selenium, silicon, sodium, strontium, titanium and zinc contents, are determined by an ICP–OES method. This document does not include calcium-phosphate-based powders for biomedical applications. The ISO 13779 series characterizes hydroxyapatite powders for biomedical applications using various methods, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS) and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS).

This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of impurities present in aluminium oxide powders used as a raw material for fine ceramics. Aluminium oxide powders are decomposed by acid pressure decomposition, acid decomposition or alkali fusion. The calcium, chromium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, zinc and zirconium contents in the test solution are determined by an inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES).

This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of zirconium oxide powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics. It stipulates the determination methods of the zirconium, aluminium, barium, calcium, cerium, cobalt, gadolinium, hafnium, iron, magnesium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium, titanium and yttrium contents in zirconium oxide powders for fine ceramics. The test sample is decomposed by acid pressure decomposition or alkali fusion. Contents of zirconium and yttrium are determined by using either a precipitation and gravimetric method or an inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) method. Contents of aluminium, barium, calcium, cerium, cobalt, gadolinium, hafnium, iron, magnesium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium and titanium are determined by using an ICP–OES method.

ISO 21813 specifies methods for the chemical analysis of fine high purity barium titanate powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics. ISO 21813 stipulates the determination methods of the barium, titanium, aluminium, cadmium, calcium, cobalt, dysprosium, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, niobium, potassium, silicon, sodium, strontium, vanadium, zirconium, carbon, oxygen and nitrogen contents in high purity barium titanate powders. The barium and titanium contents, the major elements, are determined by using an acid decomposition-gravimetric method or an acid decomposition-inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. The aluminium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, dysprosium, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, niobium, potassium, silicon, strontium, vanadium and zirconium contents are simultaneously determined via an acid digestion-ICP-OES method. The nitrogen content is determined by using an inert gas fusion-thermal conductivity method, while that of oxygen is determined via an inert gas fusion-IR absorption spectrometry method. Finally, the carbon content is determined using a combustion-IR absorption spectrometry method or a combustion-conductometry method.

This document specifies methods for the chemical analysis of fine aluminium nitride powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics. This document stipulates the determination methods of the aluminium, total nitrogen, boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium, zinc, zirconium, carbon, chlorine, fluorine, and oxygen contents in aluminium nitride powders. The aluminium content is determined by using either an acid pressure decomposition-CyDTA-zinc back titration method or an acid digestion-inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) method. The total nitrogen content is determined by using an acid pressure decomposition-distillation separation-acidimetric titration method, a direct decomposition-distillation separation-acidimetric titration method, or an inert gas fusion-thermal conductivity method. The boron, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, tungsten, vanadium and zinc contents are determined by using an acid digestion-ICP-OES method or an acid pressure decomposition-ICP-OES method. The sodium and potassium contents are determined via an acid pressure decomposition-flame emission method or an acid pressure decomposition-atomic absorption spectrometry method. The oxygen content is determined by using an inert gas fusion-IR absorption spectrometry method, while that of carbon is determined via a combustion-IR absorption spectrometry method or a combustion-conductometry method. The chlorine and fluorine contents are determined by using a pyrohydrolysation method followed by ion chromatography or spectrophotometry.

This document specifies the methods for the chemical analysis of fine silicon nitride powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics. It stipulates the determination methods of total silicon, total nitrogen, aluminium, iron, calcium, oxygen, carbon, fluorine, and chlorine in fine silicon nitride powders.

ISO 17942:2014 specifies the methods for the chemical analysis of fine boron nitride powders used as the raw material for fine ceramics. It stipulates the analysis methods of total boron, free boron, total nitrogen, aluminium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, potassium, silicon, sodium, titanium, vanadium, zinc, carbon, and oxygen in boron nitride powders for fine ceramics. Total boron is determined by using either a fusion?titration method or a fusion?inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). Free boron is determined by using either an acid digestion?ICP-OES or a methanol extraction?ICP-OES. If necessary, the boron amount which arises from the hydrolysis of boron nitride during sample treatment is corrected using spectrophotometry. Total nitrogen is determined by using either an acid pressure decomposition?distillation separation?titration method or an inert gas fusion?thermal conductivity method. Silicon is determined by using a fusion?ICP-OES. Aluminium, cadmium, calcium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, nickel, titanium, vanadium, zinc are determined by using an acid pressure decomposition?ICP-OES or a fusion?ICP-OES. Sodium and potassium are determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), flame emission spectrometry (FES), or ICP-OES following acid pressure decomposition. Carbon is determined by using a combustion?IR absorption spectrometry or a combustion?thermal conductivity method. Oxygen is determined by using an inert gas fusion?IR absorption spectrometry.