ISO/TC 67/WG 7 - Corrosion resistant materials

This document gives general principles, specifies requirements and gives recommendations for the assessment of the stability of non-metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas exploration and production environments. This information aids in material selection. It can be applied to help avoid costly degradation failures of the equipment itself, which could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or the environment. This document also provides guidance for quality assurance. It supplements but does not replace, the material requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. This document addresses the resistance of thermoplastics to the deterioration in properties that can be caused by physical or chemical interaction with produced and injected oil and gas-field media, and with chemical treatment. Interaction with sunlight and ionizing radiation are excluded from the scope of this document. This document is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment. The equipment considered includes, but is not limited to, non-metallic pipelines, piping, liners, seals, gaskets and washers. Blistering by rapid gas decompression is not included in the scope of this document. This document applies to the assessment of the stability of non-metallic materials in simulated hydrocarbon production conditions to aid the selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional design criteria. Designs utilizing other criteria are excluded from its scope.

This document gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. This document addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft-zone cracking (SZC). This document also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). This document is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this document is applicable, including exclusions. This document applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see ISO 15156-1:2020, Clause 5. Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast irons. This document is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

This document gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations. This document addresses the resistance of these materials to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress cracking (SSC), stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking (GHSC). This document is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this document is applicable, including exclusions. This document applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see ISO 15156‑1:2020, Clause 5. This document is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

This document describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production and in natural-gas sweetening plants in H2S-containing environments, where the failure of such equipment can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations. This document addresses all mechanisms of cracking that can be caused by H2S, including sulfide stress cracking, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking and stepwise cracking, stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking, soft zone cracking, and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this document is applicable, including exclusions. This document applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see Clause 5. This document is not necessarily applicable to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 23936 describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of non-metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production environments, where the failure of such equipment could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel, or to the environment. It can be applied to help avoid failures of the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the material requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 23936-2:2011 describes the requirements and procedures for qualification of elastomeric material used in equipment for oil and gas production.

ISO 15156-3:2015 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations. ISO 15156-3:2015 addresses the resistance of these materials to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress-cracking (SSC), stress-corrosion cracking (SCC), and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking (GHSC). ISO 15156-3:2015 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-3:2015 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see ISO 15156‑1:2015, Clause 5. ISO 15156-3:2015 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 15156-2:2015 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 15156-2:2015 addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft-zone cracking (SZC). ISO 15156-2:2015 also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). ISO 15156-2:2015 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-2:2015 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see ISO 15156-1:2015, Clause 5. Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast irons. ISO 15156-2:2015 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 15156-1:2015 describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production and in natural-gas sweetening plants in H2S-containing environments, where the failure of such equipment can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards, or regulations. ISO 15156-1:2015 addresses all mechanisms of cracking that can be caused by H2S, including sulfide stress cracking, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking and stepwise cracking, stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking, soft zone cracking, and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-1:2015 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using load controlled design methods. For design utilizing strain-based design methods, see Clause 5. ISO 15156-1:2015 is not necessarily applicable to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 15156-1:2009 describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production and in natural-gas sweetening plants in H2S-containing environments, where the failure of such equipment can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. ISO 15156-1:2009 can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 15156-1:2009 addresses all mechanisms of cracking that can be caused by H2S, including sulfide stress cracking, stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen-induced cracking and stepwise cracking, stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking, soft zone cracking and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking. A non-exhaustive list is provided of equipment to which ISO 15156-1:2009 is applicable, together with permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-1:2009 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. ISO 15156-1:2009 is not necessarily applicable to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 15156-2:2009 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low-alloy steels for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S‑containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. ISO 15156-2:2009 can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 15156-2:2009 addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress‑cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress‑oriented hydrogen‑induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft‑zone cracking (SZC). ISO 15156-2:2009 also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen‑induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). ISO 15156-2:2009 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Tables are included that give a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which ISO 15156-2:2009 is applicable, including permitted exclusions, lists of SSC‑resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and requirements for the use of cast irons. ISO 15156-2:2009 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria, including designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain‑based and limit‑state designs). ISO 15156-2:2009 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 15156-3:2009 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys for service in equipment used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S‑containing environments, whose failure can pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. ISO 15156-3:2009 can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 15156-3:2009 addresses the resistance of these materials to damage that can be caused by sulfide stress‑cracking (SSC), stress‑corrosion cracking (SCC) and galvanically induced hydrogen stress cracking (GHSC). ISO 15156-3:2009 is concerned only with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. A non-exhaustive list of equipment is given to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-3:2009 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. For designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain‑based and limit‑state designs), see ISO 15156-1:2009, Clause 5. ISO 15156-3:2009 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 23936 as a whole presents general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification, and gives guidance for the quality assurance, of non-metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production environments, where the failure of such equipment could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion failures of the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the material requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 23936-1:2009 addresses the resistance of thermoplastics to the deterioration in properties that can be caused by physical or chemical interaction with produced and injected oil and gas-field media, and with production and chemical treatment. Interaction with sunlight is included; however, ionizing radiation is excluded from the scope of ISO 23936-1:2009. ISO 23936-1:2009 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment. The equipment considered includes, but is not limited to, non-metallic pipelines, piping, liners, seals, gaskets and washers.

ISO 15156-3:2003 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of CRAs (corrosion-resistant alloys) and other alloys for service in equipment, used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials' requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 15156-3:2003 addresses the resistance of these materials to damage that may be caused by sulfide stress-cracking, stress-corrosion cracking and galvanically-induced hydrogen stress-cracking. ISO 15156-3:2003 is only concerned with cracking. Loss of material by general (mass loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which ISO 15156-3:2003 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-3:2003 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. For designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain-based and limit-state designs) see ISO 15156-1:2001, Clause 5. ISO 15156-3:2003 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.

ISO 15156-2:2003 gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and qualification of carbon and low alloy steels for service in equipment, used in oil and natural gas production and natural gas treatment plants in H2S-containing environments, whose failure could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel or to the environment. It can be applied to help to avoid costly corrosion damage to the equipment itself. It supplements, but does not replace, the materials' requirements of the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations. ISO 15156-2:2003 addresses the resistance of these steels to damage that may be caused by sulfide stress-cracking (SSC) and the related phenomena of stress-oriented hydrogen-induced cracking (SOHIC) and soft-zone cracking (SZC). ISO 15156-2:2003 also addresses the resistance of these steels to hydrogen-induced cracking (HIC) and its possible development into stepwise cracking (SWC). ISO 15156-2:2003 is only concerned with cracking. Loss of material by general (weight loss) or localized corrosion is not addressed. Table 1 provides a non-exhaustive list of equipment to which this part of ISO 15156 is applicable, including permitted exclusions. ISO 15156-2:2003 applies to the qualification and selection of materials for equipment designed and constructed using conventional elastic design criteria. For designs utilizing plastic criteria (e.g. strain-based and limit-state designs), see ISO 15156-1:2001, Clause 5. Annex A lists SSC-resistant carbon and low alloy steels, and A.2.4 includes requirements for the use of cast irons. ISO 15156-2:2003 is not necessarily suitable for application to equipment used in refining or downstream processes and equipment.