ASTM C890-91(1999)e1

Standard Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures

SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes the minimum loads to be applied when designing monolithic or sectional precast concrete water and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe, box culverts, utility structures, and material covered in Specification C478.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Jun-1999
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C27 - Precast Concrete Products
• Drafting Committee: C27.30 - Water and Wastewater Containers

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C890-06 - Standard Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-2006
• Referred By: ASTM C1227-23 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Septic Tanks
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM C1613-22 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Gravity Grease Interceptor Tanks
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM C1802-23 - Standard Specification for Design, Testing, Manufacture, Selection, and Installation of Horizontal Fabricated Metal Access Hatches for Utility, Water, and Wastewater Structures
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM C1889-21 - Standard Practice for Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Utility, Water, and Wastewater Structures Using AASHTO LRFD Design
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999
• Referred By: ASTM C913-21 - Standard Specification for Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
e1
Designation:C890–91 (Reapproved 1999)
Standard Practice for
Minimum Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or
Sectional Precast Concrete Water and Wastewater
Structures
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 890; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
e NOTE—The ASSHTO standard reference was updated to the 16th edition editorially in June 1999.
1. Scope 3.1.2 bearing loads—the foundation pressure reaction to all
other loads acting on the structure.
1.1 This practice describes the minimum loads to be applied
3.1.3 below ground structures—all structures other than
when designing monolithic or sectional precast concrete water
those with their base at or above ground.
and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe,
3.1.4 dead loads—the mass of the structure and all perma-
box culverts, utility structures, and material covered in Speci-
nent loads imposed on the structure.
fication C 478.
3.1.5 equipment loads—loads induced into the structure by
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
equipment installed on mounting devices cast into the struc-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ture.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.6 hydrostatic loads—all pressures due to the weight of
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
water or other liquids.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.7 lateral earth loads—the lateral pressure due to the
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
effective weight of adjacent earth backfill.
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
3.1.8 lifting loads—the forces induced into the structure
for information only.
during handling at the precast plant and the construction site.
2. Referenced Documents 3.1.9 surcharge loads—the lateral pressure due to vertical
loads superimposed on the adjacent earth backfill.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.10 traffıc loads—allloadssuperimposedonthestructure
C 478 Specification for Precast Reinforced Concrete Man-
or adjacent earth backfill due to vehicles or pedestrians.
hole Sections
3.1.11 water and wastewater structures—solar heating res-
2.2 ASSHTO Standard:
ervoirs, septic tanks, cisterns, holding tanks, leaching tanks,
Standard Specifications for Highway Bridges, 16th Edi-
extended aeration tanks, wet wells, pumping stations, grease
tion
traps, distribution boxes, oil-water separators, treatment plants,
2.3 ACI Standard:
manure pits, catch basins, drop inlets, and similar structures.
ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Con-
crete
4. Significance and Use
3. Terminology
4.1 This practice is intended to standardize the minimum
loads to be used to structurally design a precast product.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
4.2 The user is cautioned that he must properly correlate the
3.1.1 above ground structures—all structures with their
anticipated field conditions and requirements with the design
base at or above ground.
loads. Field conditions may dictate loads greater than mini-
mum.
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-27 on Precast
Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.30 onWater 5. Design Loads
and Wastewater Containers.
5.1 Dead Loads:
Current edition approved May 15, 1991. Published July 1991. Originally
5.1.1 Permanent vertical loads typically include the weight
published as C 890–78. Last previous edition C 890–78 (1985).
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.05.
of the road bed, walkways, earth backfill, and access opening
Available from theAmericanAssociation of State Highway and Transportation
covers.
Officials, 444 N. Capitol St., Washington, DC 20001.
5.1.2 Recommendedunitweightsofmaterialsfordesignare
Available from the American Concrete Institute, Box 19150, Detroit, MI
48219-0150. shown in Table 1.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C890–91 (1999)
TABLE 1 Unit Weights of Materials
3 3
Material Weight, lbf/ft (N/m )
Concrete (plain or reinforced) 150 (23 600)
Lightweight Concrete (reinforced) 100 to 130 (15 700 to 20 400)
Cast Iron 450 (70 700)
Steel 490 (77 000)
Aluminum 175 (27 500)
Earth Fill 100 to 150 (15 700 to 23 600)
Macadam 140 (22 000)
5.2 Traffıc Loads:
5.2.1 The vehicle and pedestrian loadings are shown in
Table 2.
5.2.2 The arrangement and spacing of vehicle wheels are
shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
5.2.3 Distribution of Wheel Loads through Earth Fills:
5.2.3.1 For above ground structures where vehicle wheels
contact the top surface of the structure, the vehicle wheel loads
will be distributed over an area as shown in Fig. 3. The loaded
area will be:
A 5 W 3 L (1)
where:
2 2
A = wheel load area, ft (m ),
W = wheel width, ft (m), and
L = wheel length, ft (m).
5.2.3.2 Forbelowgroundstructureswherebackfillseparates
Load at A Load at B Load at C
Designation
the vehicle wheels and the top surface of the structure, the
lbf N lbf N lbf N
A
vehicle wheel loads will be distributed as a truncated pyramid A-16 (HS20-44) 4 000 17 800 16 000 71 200 12 000 53 400
A
A-12 (HS15-44) 3 000 13 300 12 000 53 400 8 000 35 600
as shown in Fig. 4.
A
A-8 (H10-44) 2 000 8 900 8 000 35 600 6 000 26 700
The loaded area will be:
A
The designations in parentheses are corresponding ASSHTO designations.
A 5 ~W 1 1.75 H! 3 ~L 1 1.75 H! (2)
FIG. 1 Single Vehicle Traffic Loads and Spacing
where:
2 2
A = wheel load area, ft (m ),
W = wheel width, ft (m),
L = wheel length, ft (m), and
H = heightofbackfillbetweenwheelsandstructure,ft(m).
5.2.3.3 When several distributed wheel load areas overlap,
the total wheel load will be uniformly distributed over a
composite area defined by the outside limits of the individual
areas. Such a wheel load distribution is shown in Fig. 5.
5.2.3.4 When the dimensions of the distributed load area or
the composite distributed load area exceed the top surface area
FIG. 2 Multiple Vehicle Spacing
TABLE 2 Vehicle and Pedestrian Load Designations
Designation Load, max Uses
A
A-16 (HS20-44) 16 000 lbf (71 200 N) per wheel heavy traffic
of the structure, only that portion of the distributed load within
A
A-12 (HS15-44) 12 000 lbf (53 400 N) per wheel medium traffic
the top surface area will be considered in the design.
A
A-8 (H10-44) 8 000 lbf (35 600 N) per wheel light traffic
A-03 300 lbf/ft (14 400 Pa) walkways
5.2.4 Theeffectsofimpactwillincreasethelivewheelloads
A
The designations in parentheses are corresponding ASSHTO designations. designated as A-16, A-12, and A-8 as shown in Table 3.
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C890–91 (1999)
P = liquid pressure, lbf/ft (Pa),
L
3 3
W = unit weight of the liquid, lbf/ft (N/m ), and
L
H = distance from the liquid surface to the point on the
L
structure under consideration, ft (m).
5.4 Lateral Earth Loads:
5.4.1 The lateral earth pressure on the walls of a buried
structure for the portion of the walls above the ground water
FIG. 3 Wheel Load Area surface will be:
P 5 K 3 W 3 H (5)
E E E
where:
P = lateral earth pressure, lbf/ft (Pa),
E
K = coefficient of lateral earth pressure,
3 3
W = unit weight of the earth backfill, lbf/ft (N/m ), and
E
H = distance from the surface of the earth backfill to the
E
point on the structure walls under consideration, ft
(m).
5.4.2 The lateral earth pressure on the walls of a buried
structure for the portion of the walls below the ground water
surface will be:
FIG. 4 Distributed Load Area
P 5 [K 3 W 3 H 2 H 1 [K 3 W 2 W 3 H (6)
~ !# ~ ! #
E E E W E W W
where:
P = lateral earth pressure, lbf/ft (Pa),
E
K = later
...